Science 8 Module 6
Science 8 Module 6
Science 8 Module 6
Pre-Test:
Before we proceed with the lesson, let us test your prior knowledge about the topic in this module.
Read the directions carefully and answer the test below.
Matching Type. Directions: Match the definitions in Column A with the specific terms in Column B. Write
the letter of the correct answer before each number.
Column I Column II
1. It is the negatively charged particle of an atom. A. ampere
2. It refers to the flow of electrons from one end to the other. B. cell
3. It is a force of attraction or repulsion in an electric field. C. charge
4. It is the amount of charge passing through a material. D. current
5. It refers to the positively charged particle of an atom. E. electricity
6. It is the opposition a material offers to current. F. electron
7. It is the energy needed to make electrons flow. G. neutron
8. It is the most common type of energy in an electrical circuit. H. ohm
9. It is the SI unit for current . I. proton
10. It is the SI unit for resistance. J. resistance
K. voltage
Refer to the Answer Key on the last page of this module to check your answers.
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particles that can produce electricity? The activity below will make you familiar with what we can find inside
an atom and how it is related to electricity.
Neutron – It is the subatomic particle that bears neither a positive nor a negative
charge. It means that this subatomic particle carries no charge.
A charged particle has a force of attraction or repulsion in an electric field. When electrons are loosely
held in an orbit, they will be attracted to other charges and will flow or pass to another atom. When these
electrons are quickly passed from one end of the material to the opposite end, it produces electricity. The
flow of charges or electrons through a material is what we called current.
Conductors such as copper wires allow easy flow of electrons. When a copper wire is connected to
both ends of a battery, the electrons from the negative end of the battery will be attracted to the positive end
of it. Electrons will flow through a conductive material such as copper wires to reach the opposite side of
the battery. These electrons are the charges that flow and the amount of charges flowing in a material is the
current.
Watch the video – Charge and Current- What is Electricity? - from your flash drive or through the
links given for a better understanding of the topic.
Source Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W9cYs7M7DbI
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B. Directions: Answer the following in 1-2 sentences. (3 points)
1. What kinds of electrical charges do protons, neutrons, and electrons have?
3. What do you think will be the charge of an atom if it has more protons than electrons?
Explain your answer.
4. What do you think will be the charge of an atom if it has more electrons than protons?
Explain your answer.
C. Directions: Answer the question in not more than three (3) sentences. (5 points)
What is the relationship between current and charge? Explain your answer using the illustration below.
Concept Notes
Current is the flow of charge in a material. The SI unit of current is Ampere (A) named after the French
scientist and mathematician Andre Marie Ampere. In symbols,
I= q/t
where I is the current in ampere, q is the charge in coulombs, and t is the time in seconds. This
shows that 1 A = 1C/s or for every current there is 1 charge flowing per second in a material.
Some materials offer different amounts of resistance that decrease the current while voltage can be
added to increase the current.
A. Resistance – It is the opposition a material offers to the flow of charge or current through it. The SI
unit of resistance is ohm (Ω).
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Factors Affecting Resistance of a Material:
Some factors affect the resistance of an object. These can be the following:
a. Cross-sectional area – The perfect analogy for this is the road. The wider the road, the lesser
the traffic. Thus, it makes the cars move more freely. In electricity, the wider the material, the
more electrons can move freely and have less resistance.
b. Length – An increase in length will also increase the resistance of a material.
c. Kind of material and temperature – Resistance varies with temperature. As the
temperature increases, resistance for conductors also increases while resistance for insulators
decreases.
B. Voltage – It is the amount of energy needed to move a charge from one point to another. The unit of
voltage is represented by a capital letter V. It is usually referred to as the “push energy” of the
charges in a current. The source of voltage in an electric circuit is usually a cell with a standard
symbol shown in the table.
Cells are usually the source of energy in an electric circuit. Cells that cannot be recharged are called
primary cells while those that are rechargeable are called the secondary cell.
Source: teachengineering.org
To better understand the topic, watch the video Ohm’s Law from your flash drive or this link.
Source link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ldNPl67x-E8
Time started:______
Time finished:______
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1. Using a garden hose, let the water flow out. (If you do not have a garden hose, you may use a straw
and put it on a faucet)
2. Turn the faucet slightly, observe the flow of water.
3. Turn the faucet fully, observe the flow of water.
4. Try to bend the hose or straw, restrict the flow of water using your finger. Observe the flow of
water.
5. Make an analogy of how electricity behaves using water flowing through a garden hose or straw.
Draw it on a separate sheet of paper and label your representations properly.
For detailed explanation, watch the following videos from your flash drive or the links given below.
1. Electric Circuits – Series and Parallel For Kids- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=js7Q-r7G9ug
2. The Power of Circuits #sciencegoals - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HOFp8bHTN30
Concept Notes:
Parallel Circuit is a circuit having more than one current path connected to a common voltage source.
Series Circuit is a circuit that contains more than one piece of electrical apparatus connected one after
another in a single line.
For detailed explanation, refer to your book Exploring Life Through Science Series, 2nd Edition The
New Grade 8 on pages 98-99.
Illustration:
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Exercise no. 6.2
Directions: Using the pictures below, rearrange the materials by drawing them on your learning activity
sheet to show how the bulb lights up.
http://clipart-library.com/battery-
cliparts.html
http://search.coolclips.com/m/vec
tor/vc040705/speaker-wire/
https://etc.usf.edu/clipart/72900/
72912/72912_edison_bulb.htm
Time started:______
Time finished:______
A. Directions: Watch the video – Advantages and Disadvantages of Series and Parallel Connections
Science 8 – from (10:33 to end)- from this link. - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RV9rHkyGB5Q
B. Directions: Explore the different types of circuits by using Phet Interactive Simulation. Access this
link to perform the activity: https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/circuit-construction-kit-
dc/latest/circuit-construction-kit-dc_en.html
C. Directions: Read and answer the following questions in one or two sentences. Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. What do you think would happen if only one side of the battery is connected to the bulb?
2. What flows inside the copper wire when connected to both ends of the battery and bulb?
3. What refers to the flow of these charges inside the copper wire?
4. What is produced when these charges flow from your battery to your bulb?
5. Why do electrons flow when both ends of the battery are connected to a wire and bulb?
C. Directions: Answer the following questions in not more than five (5) sentences.
What do you think is the appropriate connection to be used in our homes? Why do you say so? Explain
your answer.
Directions: Read the article and answer the questions that follow in not more than five (5) sentences.
During the dark times, who would be your friend to see the light? With the flick of a finger, each one
of us depends on electricity to be our friend that could help us see light and be comfortable in our everyday
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life. As a friend, it is always there to bring you comfort, convenience, and entertainment. Life would be harder
without electricity to heat, cool, and light our homes, and to operate our appliances and tools.
What would your life be like without electricity? Cite a specific example of what would happen if
electricity did not exist.
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Post- Test
Let us test what you have learned after accomplishing this module. Read the directions and answer
the test below.
KNOWLEDGE
A. Directions: Identify the word that best describes each given statement. Choose the answers from the word
bank below.
electron current voltage resistance electricity
1. It is produced when electrons are quickly passed from one end of the material to the opposite end.
2. It is a subatomic particle that flows through a material.
3. It opposes the flow of charge through a material.
4. It is the energy needed for charges to flow from one point to another.
5. It is the flow of charges.
B. Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.
6. Why do electrons flow from one atom to another?
A. Electrons can travel everywhere.
B. Loosely held electrons are attracted to other atoms.
C. Electrons have no specific position in an atomic structure.
D. Strongly held electrons can pass through other atoms.
7. What do you think will happen to the electrical current if resistance increases?
A. Current will be doubled.
B. Current will also increase.
C. Current will be decreased.
D. Current will stay the same.
PROCESS
C. Directions: Read and analyze the question and answer it in not more than five (5) sentences.
If you are to choose the type of connection for your own house, what will it be? Explain your answer.
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Rubrics
Criterion 5 4 3 2 1
Content Gives a very clear Gives a clear Gives a clear Gives a somewhat Fails to give a clear
answer/explanation and answer/explanation answer/explanation clear answer/explanation
shows very neat work and shows neat work but with erasures. answer/explanation but shows effort
Answer Key
Here are the answers to the pretest. Please look at this part only after accomplishing the test. Honesty
is STILL the best policy. Please check your answers and determine how much knowledge you have attained.
10. H 9. A 8. B 7. K 6. J
5. I 4. D 3. C 2. E 1. F
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