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    Elect Q1Wk1 Electrical and Electronic Components

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    quackity obama
    This document provides an overview of common electrical and electronic components that make up circuits. It discusses the basic principles of electricity and units of measurement. It then describes both active components like transistors, diodes, and resistors as well as passive components. Specific types of each are defined, such as BJT and MOSFET transistors, carbon composition and wire wound resistors, and capacitors. Other circuit elements such as switches, meters, power supplies and connecting wires are also summarized. Videos are included that provide visual explanations of how some key components work.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Elect Q1Wk1 Electrical and Electronic Components

    Uploaded by

    quackity obama
    60 views25 pages
    This document provides an overview of common electrical and electronic components that make up circuits. It discusses the basic principles of electricity and units of measurement. It then describes both active components like transistors, diodes, and resistors as well as passive components. Specific types of each are defined, such as BJT and MOSFET transistors, carbon composition and wire wound resistors, and capacitors. Other circuit elements such as switches, meters, power supplies and connecting wires are also summarized. Videos are included that provide visual explanations of how some key components work.

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    Elect-Q1Wk1-Electrical-and-Electronic-components

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    This document provides an overview of common electrical and electronic components that make up circuits. It discusses the basic principles of electricity and units of measurement. It then describes both active components like transistors, diodes, and resistors as well as passive components. Specific types of each are defined, such as BJT and MOSFET transistors, carbon composition and wire wound resistors, and capacitors. Other circuit elements such as switches, meters, power supplies and connecting wires are also summarized. Videos are included that provide visual explanations of how some key components work.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    60 views25 pages

    Elect Q1Wk1 Electrical and Electronic Components

    Uploaded by

    quackity obama
    This document provides an overview of common electrical and electronic components that make up circuits. It discusses the basic principles of electricity and units of measurement. It then describes both active components like transistors, diodes, and resistors as well as passive components. Specific types of each are defined, such as BJT and MOSFET transistors, carbon composition and wire wound resistors, and capacitors. Other circuit elements such as switches, meters, power supplies and connecting wires are also summarized. Videos are included that provide visual explanations of how some key components work.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 25

    HOW DOES

    YOUR GADGET
    WORK?
    “COMPONENTS”
    Electrical and
    Electronic
    Circuit
    Components
    Electronics 10
    ELECTRICITY
    • It is the natural phenomena
    associated with the movement of
    electric charge.

    • It is the reason why our


    Electrical/Electronic device works

    • It usually influence with the 4


    properties of electricity. Current,
    Voltage, Resistance, Power
    Units
    • Knowing your units is important!
    • Kilo and Mega are common in resistors
    • Milli, micro, nano and pico can be used in
    other components

    K (kilo) = 1,000
    M (mega) = 1,000,000
    m (milli) = 1/1,000
    µ(micro) = 1/1,000,000
    n (nano) = 1/1,000,000,000 (one trillionth)
    p (pico) = 1 / 1,000,000,000,000 (one quadrillionth)
    Passive and Active
    Electrical/Electronic
    Components
    BASIS ACTIVE COMPONENT PASSIVE COMPONENT
    Nature of source Active components deliver power or energy Passive elements utilizes power or
    to the circuit. energy in the circuit.

    Examples Diodes, Transistors, SCR, Integrated circuits Resistor, Capacitor, Inductor etc.
    etc.
    Function of the Devices which produce energy in the form of Devices which stores energy in the form
    component voltage or current. of voltage or current.

    Power Gain They are capable of providing power gain. They are incapable of providing power
    gain.

    Flow of current Active components can control the flow of Passive components cannot control the
    current. flow of the current.

    Nature of energy Active components are energy donor. Passive components are energy acceptor.
    Connecting Wires
    • These conducting wires that are
    insulated that allows current to
    travel from one point on a circuit to
    another.
    • It serves as a medium for electricity
    to move from one component to
    another.
    • It ranges from copper, gold, silver,
    tungsten and aluminum
    Power Supply
    • A power supply is an electrical
    device that supplies electric
    power to an electrical load.
    • The primary function of a power
    supply is to convert electric
    current from a source to the
    correct voltage, current, and
    frequency to power the load.
    • Cell, Batteries, voltage outlet, and
    Transformers are the most
    common power supply devices
    • Ground/Earth is a connection to
    the earth that actually is
    important in every circuit
    Transducers
    (Output devices)
    A transducer is
    an electronic device that
    converts energy from
    one form to another.
    Switches
    • switch is an electrical component that can disconnect
    or connect the conducting path in an electrical circuit,
    interrupting the electric current or diverting it from one
    conductor to another.
    • Types
    • Push to break – usually used for digital timers and
    alarms
    • Push to make – used for buzzers
    • single-pole, single throw switch – It is used to
    control a light, receptacle, or other device from a
    single location.
    • Single Pole, Double Throw – A 2-way changeover
    switch directs the flow of current to one of two
    routes according to its position.
    • Double Pole, Single Throw – A dual on-off switch
    which is often used to switch mains electricity
    because it can
    Resistors
    • It is a passive two-
    terminal electrical
    component that
    implements electrical
    resistance.
    • Classified as fixed and
    variable resistors
    Fixed Resistors
    • Fixed value resistors have a
    defined ohmic resistance and are
    not adjustable and are the most
    used resistors electronic
    components.

    • Carbon Composition Resistor


    • Wire wound resistor
    • Chip resistor (SMD)
    Carbon composition Resistor

    The Carbon composition resistors are a blend


    of carbon particles, graphite and ceramic dust
    mixed with a binder substance like clay treated
    with high temp and pressure.

    • Resistor Color Code


    • 1st color band – 1st number value
    • 2nd color band – 2nd number value
    • 3rd color band – Multiplier/number of zeros
    • 4th Color band – Tolerance value

    • Note:
    • Tolerance Value – how accurate is the
    resistance
    • The color closest to the edge is the first
    value
    Wire Wound Resistor
    • A Wire wound resistor is formed by wounding a wire
    made up of a resistive material around a core.
    • The metallic core acts as a non-conductive material
    while the resistive wire conducts, but with some
    resistance.

    Chip Resistor
    • SMD resistors are rectangular in shape and as a
    result they are often known as chip resistors.
    • They have metallized areas at either end of the
    main ceramic body, and in this way they can be set
    onto a printed circuit board that has pads onto
    which the two ends are set to provide the
    connection.
    Variable Resistor
    • is the type of resistor which
    changes the flow of current in a
    controlled manner by offering a
    wide range of resistances.
    Capacitors
    • A capacitor is a two-terminal,
    electrical component.
    • Along with resistors and inductors,
    they are one of the most
    fundamental passive components
    we use.
    • A capacitor is created out of two
    metal plates and an insulating
    material called a dielectric.
    Diodes
    • A diode is an electrical device
    allowing current to move through it
    in one direction with far greater
    ease than in the other.
    • The most common kind of diode in
    modern circuit design is
    the semiconductor diode, although
    other diode technologies exist.
    Transistors
    • They are devices that control the
    movement of electrons, and
    consequently, electricity.
    • They work something like a water
    faucet -- not only do they start and stop
    the flow of a current(Switch), but they
    also control the amount of the
    current(Amplifier).
    Types
    • Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT)
    • Field Effects Transistors (FETS)
    Bipolar Junction
    Transistors
    • It was invented by William Shockley and
    John Bardee
    • is a bidirectional device that uses
    both electrons and holes as charge carriers.

    • Types
    • NPN Transistor - one p-type
    semiconductor resides between two n-
    type semiconductors
    • PNP Transistor - an n-type
    semiconductor is sandwiched between
    two p-type semiconductors
    Field Effect
    Transistors (FETs)
    • It consists of a channel of N- or P-
    type semiconductor material through
    which current can flow, with a
    different material (laid across a
    section of the channel) controlling the
    conductivity of the channel.
    • One end of the channel is known as
    the source, the other end of the
    channel is called the drain, and the
    control mechanism is called the gate.
    • By applying a voltage to the gate,
    you control the flow of current from
    the source to the drain.
    • MOSFET - metal-oxide-
    semiconductor Field Effect
    Transistors
    Types of FETs • JFET - Junction Field Effect
    Transistors

    • MOSFETs have become much


    more popular than bipolar
    transistors for use in integrated
    circuits
    Meters
    • Ammeter – Electric Current
    • Voltmeter – Voltage (potential
    difference)
    • Ohmmeter – Resistance
    • Galvanometer – small amount
    of current
    WATCH THIS…

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OEL5laB3hfU

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Hln7Luiv8Q

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