Class 9 - Science Notes - CH-6 - Tissue

CLASS: IX
SECTION: All
SUBJECT: Science
SESSION: 2022-23
CHAPTER 6: TISSUES
Notes-1
In unicellular organisms a single cell performs all the functions.

In amoeba single cell carries a movement, intake of food and respiratory gases , respiration and excretion.
In multicellular organism cells are specialized to take functions
In humans muscles cell contract and relax to cause movement, nerve cells carry messages, blood flows to transport
oxygen , food and hormones and waste materials.
In plants vascular tissues conduct food and water from one part to another
• Tissue-
A group of cells that are similar in structure and or work together to achieve a particular function forms a tissue.
Blood, phloem, muscles are examples of tissues.
• Plant Tissues-
Plants are stationary or fixed. Tissues they have are supportive as they provide mechanical strength.
Most of tissues are dead so they need less maintenance.
Growth in plants are limited to certain regions.
• Animal Tissues-
Animal consume more energy as compare to plants. Most of the tissues are living.
Cells growth in animals are more uniform.
Activity I- Differentiate between Plant tissue and Animal tissue
Plant tissues and its types.
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Activity II
From the above observations, answer the following questions-
1. Which of the two onions have longer roots? Why?

2. Do the root continue growing even if we remove their tips?
3. Why would the tip stop growing in jar 2 after we cut them?
Meristematic tissues-
Meristematic tissues are seen in plants. They are primarily made up of rapidly dividing cells. They are the growing
tissues of the plant.
Depending upon region this tissues are divided into three types
a) Apical b) Lateral c) Intercalary
Apical Meristem: Present at the growing tips of stems and roots. The growth of plants occurs only in these regions.
Important function: To increase the length of stems and root.
Lateral Meristem: Present on the lateral sides of the stems and roots.
Important function: To increase the thickness of stems and roots.
Intercalary Meristem: Present at the base of leaves or internodes on twigs.

Important function: For the longitudinal growth of plants.
Activity III- Locate different type of meristematic tissue in plant body
Permanent tissues:
Formed from meristematic tissues, the cells in the tissue lose the ability to divide.
Permanent tissues are divided into two categories:
A) Simple permanent tissue

B) Complex permanent tissue.
Simple permanent tissue –

Consist of only one type of cells. Loosely packed, so that large spaces in the cell are found in tissues.
This tissues provide support to plants and also stores food. In some it contains chlorophyll for process of
photosynthesis.
Types of simple permanent tissues:
• Parenchyma: Composed of unspecialised living cells with relatively thin cell walls, intercellular space,
present in soft parts of the plant. Their main function is storage. Stores nutrients and water.
• Collenchyma: it contains chlorophyll for process of photosynthesis. No intercellular space. It provides

mechanical support and elasticity to plant. It helps in bending of leaves and stems.
• Sclerenchyma: Composed of long, narrow, and thick-walled cells. This tissue is made up of dead cells and
there are no intercellular spaces. Sclerenchyma cells are dead, present in seeds, nuts, the husk of a coconut,
fibres of jute etc.
Activity IV- Diagrammatically show different types of simple permanent tissues.
Complex permanent tissue- Made up of more than one type of cells (Conducting tissues). All cells coordinate to
perform common function.
Types of complex permanent tissues- a) Xylem b) Phloem
• Xylem: Conducts water and minerals from the roots to the different parts of the plant.
Composed of four different types of cells—tracheids, vessels, xylem parenchyma and xylem fibres.
• Phloem: Conducts food material from the leaves to the different parts of the plant.
Composed of four different types of cells—sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem parenchyma and phloem
fibres.
Activity V- Match the Following
Column A Column B
A. Xylem P. Transport food from leaves

to other parts of plants
B. Permanent Tissue Q. Growing tips of stem and
roots
C. Phloem R. Transport water and
minerals in plants
D. Complex Tissue S. Lose the ability to divide
E. Apical Tissue T. Made up of more than one

type of cells
Activity VI- Draw and label components of xylem and phloem.


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CLASS: IX

In unicellular organisms a single cell performs all the functions.

Activity I- Differentiate between Plant tissue and Animal tissue

Plant tissues and its types.

Stay neat and clean www.queensvalleyschool.in

1. Which of the two onions have longer roots? Why?

Intercalary Meristem: Present at the base of leaves or internodes on twigs.

Activity III- Locate different type of meristematic tissue in plant body

A) Simple permanent tissue

Simple permanent tissue –

Types of simple permanent tissues:

• Collenchyma: it contains chlorophyll for process of photosynthesis. No intercellular space. It provides

Activity IV- Diagrammatically show different types of simple permanent tissues.

Types of complex permanent tissues- a) Xylem b) Phloem

Activity V- Match the Following

A. Xylem P. Transport food from leaves

E. Apical Tissue T. Made up of more than one

Activity VI- Draw and label components of xylem and phloem.

Stay neat and clean www.queensvalleyschool.in

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