Bhalani
Bhalani
Bhalani
0 ANATOMY
3. Upper Limb
Pectoral region The Axilla
1.Clavipectoral fascia** 1. Axillary group of lymph nodes*
2.Mammary gland **** 2. Axillary artery*
-Blood supply,lymphatic drainage 3. Typical intercostal space *
-Applied anatomy 4. Brachial plexus*
3.Serratus anterior* 5. Erb’s Palsy & Erb’s Point**
6. Klumpke’s Palsy*
Scapular region Joints of upper limb
1.Quandrangular space * 1.Sternoclavicular Joint
2.Triangular space 2.Pronation & supination**
3.Deltoid muscle* 3.Shoulder Joint****
4.Rotator cuff of shoulder joint** -Movements -relations -stabilizers
-classification -blood supply
The Forearm & Hand -applied
1.Carpal tunnel syndrome** 4.Elbow joint
2.Ulnar Nerve*
3.Superficial palmar arch Spaces of HAND
4.Claw hand* -Mid palmar space
5.Anatomical snuff box*
6.Flexor retinaculum
The Arm
1.Cubital fossa***
2.Biceps brachii*
3.Radial Nerve**
4.Musculocutaneous Nerve*
5.Wrist drop** ©RAJ BHOSLE
6.Median Nerve*
4.Thorax
Diaphragm - openings**
Walls of thorax Pericardium and Heart
1. Coronary sinus**
1.Azygous vein** 2. Left coronary artery**
2.Typical intercostal nerve* 3. Atrial septal defect*
4. Interior of right atrium,development*
The lungs 5.Arterial & venous drainage of heart **
1.Bronchopulmonary segments*** 6. Coronary blood circulation
2. Root of Right & Left lung* Superior vena cava*
3. Right lung -Mediastinal relations
-formation,tributaries
BPS,histology
Arch of aorta****
Mediastinum Thoracic duct ***
1.Define mediastinum,classify* Thoracic part of oesophagus
2.Posterior & anterior mediastinum* Thoracic part of trachea
3.Superior mediastinum*
4.Development of arch of aorta*
Structures supplied by phrenic nerve
5. LOWER LIMB
Front of Thigh Back of leg
1.Femoral Triangle 1.Popliteus muscle****
-femoral sheath*** 2. Soleus muscle*
-femoral canal** 3. Gastrocnemius muscle**
-femoral hernia* 4.Tibialis posterior*
2. Femoral artery*
3. Sartorius** Venous Drainage
4. Adductor/Hunter/subsartorial canal*** 1.Varicose veins**
5. Femoral nerve 2.Long saphenous vein***
6. Superficial inguinal lymph nodes* 3.Great saphenous vein*
4.Venous drainage of lower limb**
Medial side of Thigh
1.Obturator nerve* Joints of Lower Limb
1.Inversion & eversion of foot***
2.Adductor magnus*
2.Knee Joint **
3.Housemaid’s knee*
Gluteal region 4.Hip Joint *
1.Gluteus medius 5.Intra articular surface of knee joint
2.Structures under cover of gluteus maximus* 6.Ankle joint
3.Trendelenberg test*
Back of thigh
1.Sciatic nerve****
2.Flexor of Knee joint*
3.Hamstring muscles
Single * : The question appeared at least once in the past few years
6.Abdomen & PELVIS
Sacral canal Extrahepatic Biliary Apparatus
-Gross,Histology,applied*
Anterior abdominal wall -Gall Bladder*
1.Rectus sheath**
2.Inguinal Canal** Spleen,Pancreas & Liver
3.Inguinal Hernia 1.Spleen -gross,histology,functions*
4.Contents of spermatic cord* 2.Liver -Ligaments,blood supply*
5.Structures passing through Deep & 3.Head of pancreas -development***
superficial inguinal ring* 4.Pancreas (full)
6.Clinical importance of umbilicus*
7.Caput medusae*
8.Transpyloric plane Kidney -**relations,congenital anomalies
Ureters
Male genital organ
1.Blood testis barrier*
2.Testis***
Suprarenal gland**-
histology,development,blood supply,applied
-Gross -histology -developement
-descent -applied
Diaphragm* -attachment,openings,blood
Abdominal cavity & peritoneum & nerve supply,applied
1.Lesser omentum***
2.Lesser sac Posterior Abdominal Wall
3.Epiploic foramen*
1.Quadratus Lumborum*
2.Inferior vena cava -**tributaries &
Abdominal part of Oesophagus & development
stomach
1. Stomach bed*** The Perineum
2. Stomach -****Blood supply, histology, 1.Superficial Perineal pouch*
lymphatic,development, 2.Ischiorectal fossa***
Applied,relations 3.Pudendal/Alcock’s canal*
4.Perineal body*
The Intestine
1.Mcburney’s point* Urinary Bladder & Urethra
2.Appendix*** 1.Urinary Bladder -**Relations,interior
3.Meckel’s diverticulum* Arterial,venous supply,ligaments
4.Root of mesentry 2.Female urethra*
5.2nd part of duodenum*** 3.Male urethra*
7. GENERAL ANATOMY
Skeleton Genetics
1. Blood supply of long bone* 1.Barr body*
2. Karyotyping***
2. Sesamoid bone 3. Kleinfelter syndrome*
3. Epiphysis** 4. Turner syndrome
5. Lyon’s Hypothesis
Joints 6.X linked recessive - pedigree characteristics
1.Types of cartilagenous joints**
2.Pivot joint
3.Synovial joints
4.Symphysis
5.Sutures*
Note :You can follow the old bhalani for embryology & histology imp topics.
Multiple * : The question was asked quite frequently in the past years
This pdf contains most of the MUHS previous year questions and is
made with reference from Unique’s Companion.
Physiology
1. General Physiology
1.Define homeostasis.**
2.Negative & positive feedback mechanism
-compare
3.Various transport mechanism across cell membrane*
4.Osmosis
5.Active transport*
6.Facilitated diffusion*
7.Na-K Pump -importance
8.Resting membrane potential -ionic basis of RMP
6.Exercise Physiology
1.Cardiorespiratory changes during moderate
exercise**
2.VO2 Max*
7.Renal Physiology
Functional anatomy of kidney Role of JGA in regulation of blood
1.Juxta glomerular apparatus -functions pressure*
-well labelled diagram***
Role of kidney in regulation of pH
Renal Flow Of body fluids
1.Define GFR -dynamics,factors***
Affecting,methods of measuring GFR
Blood buffers
2.Tubuloglomerular feedback &
Glomerulo-tubular balance Micturition
-Innervation of urinary bladder
Tubular function -micturition relfex***
1.PCT* -abnormalities
2.Transport maximum.* -cystometrography
3.Mechanism of glucose reabsorption -atonic bladder
In renal tubules**
4.Inulin clearance
5.Urea clearance
6.Functions of DCT*
Urine formation
1.Counter current mechanism**
2.Describe in detail handling of water
And sodium by kidney
3.Milieu interior, role of kidney in
Maintaining osmolarity of body fluid
8. GIT
Salivary glands & secretion Exocrine pancreas
1.Functions & composition of saliva* 1. Functionas,composition &
2.Regulation of saliva secretion* Regulation of pancreatic juice*
2.Note on CCK-PZ
Gastric secretions
1.Mechanism of HCL secretion**** Functions of Liver
2.Functions of HCL 1.Function & composition of bile salts*
3.Peptic ulcer -etiology & treatment** 2.Regulation of biliary secretion
4.Various gastrointestinal hormones* 3.Emptying of gall bladder
5.Compostion of gastric secretion &
4.Various functions of liver
Regulation*
GI motility
1.Deglutition-define,stages*
2.Movements of small intestine*
3.Movements of large intestine*
4.Defecation reflex**
5.Gastric emptying
6.Regulation of GI Motility*
7.Deglutition reflex*
8.Peristaltic rush
9.Achalasia cardia*
9.Endocrine system
Anterior pituitary & hypothalamus Adrenal cortex
1.Growth hormone -mechanism of 1.Enumerate hormones of adrenal
Action,regulation,applied*** cortex.
2.Dwarfism ,Gigantism,acromegaly* 2.Aldosterone -functions,regulation
3.Enumerate hormones of Anterior pituitary* 3.Cushing’s syndrome*
4.Physiological actions of
Posterior pituitary glucocorticoids*
1.ADH -role,factors stimulating secretion,
Regulation* Endocrine pancreas
2. Physiological basis of diabetes insipidus*
1.Difference between diabetes
3. Functions of oxytocin
mellitus & insipidus**
2.Insulin functions
Thyroid gland 3.Physiological basis of polyuria in
1.Thyroid hormone -synthesis,regulation diabetes
-Functions of thyroid hormone***
2.Cretinism*
3.Hyperthyroidism note*
4.Physiological basis of anti thyroid drugs
5.Differences between pituitary & thyroid
Dwarf
Calcium homeostasis
1.Function & regulation of parathyroid hormone*
2.What is Tetany? Name & explain signs of tetany
-treatment**
3.Describe regulation of calcium level in body.**
4.Note on osteoporosis
5.Note on rickets
10.Reproductive system
Testosterone Describe functions of placenta
1.Spermatogenesis -stages,factors -enumerate hormones secreted by
Regulating (hormonal)*** placenta
2.Actions of testosterone Physiology of lactation
Female physiology before Pregnancy Parturition,role of oxytocin.
1.Define ovulation,mechanism,indicators*
2.Contraception methods**
-oral contraceptives (action)
3.Define menstrual cycle,various phases
with hormonal regulation**
4.Cyclic changes in uterus during
reproductive life
12.Special senses
Taste & smell Eye
1.Taste bud 1.Accomodation -reflex pathway***
2.Pathway of taste sensation* 2.Note on presbyopia
3.Neural pathway for smell sensation* 3.Errors of refraction*
Hearing -myopia,astigmatism
1.Describe structure of Organ of corti** 4.Argyl robertson pupil & its basis
2.Functions of middle ear**
3.Causes of conductive deafness -tests Retina
for it* 1.Dark adaptation**-curve,significance
4.Attenuation & significance* 2.Photochemistry of vision*
5.Mechanism of hearing ,note on pitch 3.Color vision*
Discrimination, impedance matching 4.Theories of color vision & color
mechanism** blindness