Astm A109-A109m
Astm A109-A109m
Astm A109-A109m
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TABLE 1 Heat Analysis A TABLE 3 Hardness Requirements
Composition– Wt % INCH-POUND UNITS
Temper No. Temper No. Thickness, in. Rockwell Hardness
Element Temper Maximum
1, 2, 3 4, 5
Under Through Minimum (approx.)
No. 1 (hard) 0.025 ... 15T90 ...
Carbon, max 0.25 0.15
0.040 0.025 30T76 ...
Manganese, max 0.90 0.60
0.070 0.040 B90.0 ...
Phosphorous, max 0.025 0.025
0.300 0.070 B84.0 . ..
Sulfur, max 0.025 0.025
SiliconA ... ...
No. 2A (half-hard) 0.025 ... 15T83.5 15T88.5
AluminumA,B ... ...
0.040 0.025 30T63.5 30T73.5
CopperC 0.20 0.20
0.300 0.040 B70.0 B85
Nickel, maxD 0.20 0.20
Chromium, maxD, E 0.15 0.15
No. 3A (quarter-hard) 0.025 ... 15T80 15T85
Molybdenum, maxD 0.06 0.06
0.040 0.025 30T56.5 30T67
VanadiumF ... ...
0.300 0.040 B60 B75
ColumbiumF ... ...
TitaniumF ... ...
No. 4A,B (skin-rolled) 0.025 ... ... 15T82
A
Where an ellipsis (. . .) appears in this table, there is no requirement, but the 0.040 0.025 ... 30T60
analysis shall be reported unless otherwise specified in this specification. 0.300 0.040 ... B65
B
The analysis shall be reported. When killed steel is specified and aluminum is the
deoxidizing element, the minimum is 0.02, and the analysis shall be reported. No. 5A,B (dead-soft) 0.025 ... .... 15T78.5
C
When copper steel is specified, the copper limit specified is a minimum 0.040 0.025 ... 30T53
requirement. When copper steel is not specified, the copper limit is a maximum 0.300 0.040 ... B55
requirement. SI UNITS
D
The sum of copper, nickel, chromium, and molybdenum shall not exceed 0.50 % Thickness, mm Rockwell Hardness
on heat analysis. When one or more of these elements is specified, the sum does Maximun
Temper
not apply; in which case, only the individual limits on the remaining elements will Under Through Minimum (approx.)
apply. No. 1 (hard) 0.6 ... 15T90 ...
E
Chromium is permitted, at the producer’s option, to 0.25 % maximum when the 1.0 0.6 30T76 ...
carbon is less than or equal to 0.05 %. In such case, the limit on the sum of the four 1.8 1.0 B90.0 ...
elements in Footnote D does not apply. 7.6 1.8 B84.0 ...
F
Reporting shall be required when the level for any of these elements exceeds
0.008 wt%. No. 2A (half-hard) 0.6 ... 15T83.5 15T88.5
1.0 0.6 30T63.5 30T73.5
7.6 1.0 B70.0 B85
TABLE 2 Tolerances for Product Analysis No. 3A (quarter-hard) 0.6 ... 15T80 15T85
Tolerance 1.0 0.6 30T56 30T67
7.6 1.0 B60 B75
Limit or Maximum Over
Element of Specified Ele- Under Maxi-
No. 4A,B (skin-rolled) 0.6 ... ... 15T82
ment % Minimum mum
1.0 0.6 ... 30T60
Limit Limit
7.6 1.0 ... B65
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TABLE 4 Bend Test Requirement 8.1.5 Number 5 Edge is an approximately square edge
NOTE 1—Test specimens shall be capable of being bent as specified produced from slit-edge material on which the burr is elimi-
above without cracking on the outside of the bent portion. (See applicable nated usually by rolling or filing.
figure in Test Methods and Definitions A370.) 8.1.6 Number 6 Edge is a square edge produced by edge
Temper Bend Test Requirement rolling the natural edge of hot-rolled strip or slit-edge strip.
This edge is produced when the width tolerance and edge
No. 1 (hard) Not required to make bends in any direction.
No. 2 (half-hard) Bend 90° transverse around a radius equal to that
condition are not as exacting as for No. 1 edge.
of the thickness. 8.1.7 Skived Edges are custom shaped edges produced by
No. 3 (quarter-hard) Bend 180° transverse over one thickness of the mechanical edge shaving with special tooling.
strip and 90° longitudinal around a radius equal
to the thickness.
No. 4 (skin-rolled) Bend flat upon itself in any direction. 9. Dimensional Tolerances
No. 5 (dead-soft) Bend flat upon itself in any direction.
9.1 The dimensional tolerances shall be in accordance with
Tables 5-11 as follows:
Tolerances for Table Number
accurate width is required or when an edge condition suitable Thickness, in. 5
for electroplating is required, or both. Width, in. 6,7,8
8.1.2 Number 2 Edge is a natural mill edge carried through Length, in. 9
Camber, in. 10
the cold rolling from the hot-rolled strip without additional Flatness, in. 11
processing of the edge.
8.1.3 Number 3 Edge is an approximately square edge, 10. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
produced by slitting, on which the burr is not eliminated.
Normal coiling or piling does not necessarily provide a definite 10.1 Cut lengths shall have a workmanlike appearance and
positioning of the slitting burr. shall not have imperfections of a nature or degree for the
8.1.4 Number 4 Edge is a rounded edge produced by edge product, the grade, and the description ordered that will be
rolling either the natural edge of hot-rolled strip or slit-edge detrimental to the fabrication of the finished part.
strip. This edge is produced when the width tolerance and edge 10.2 Coils may contain some abnormal imperfections which
condition are not as exacting as for No. 1 edge. render a portion of the coil unusable since the inspection of
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TABLE 6 Width Tolerances of Edge Numbers 1, 4, 5, and 6 of 10.3.1 Number 1 or Matte (Dull) Finish is a finish without
Cold-Rolled Carbon-Steel Strip luster produced by rolling on rolls roughened by mechanical or
INCH - POUND UNITS other means. This finish is especially suitable for paint adhe-
Specified Thickness, Width
Edge Specified Width, in.A Tolerance,
sion and may aid in drawing by reducing friction between die
in.B
Number Plus and and steel surface. The user and the producer should agree on
Over Through min max Minus, in.C the permissible surface roughness range, based on the intended
1 ⁄
12 ⁄
34 ... 0.0938 0.005
1 3⁄4 5 ... 0.125 0.005 end-use.
10.3.2 Number 2 or Regular Bright Finish is produced by
4 ⁄
12 1 0.025 0.1875 0.015 rolling on moderately smooth rolls. It is suitable for many
4 1 2 0.025 0.2499 0.025
4 2 4 0.035 0.2499 0.047 requirements, but not generally applicable to bright plating.
4 4 6 0.047 0.2499 0.047 10.3.3 Number 21⁄2 or Better Bright Finish is a smooth
finish suitable for those plating applications where high luster
5 ⁄
12 ⁄
34 ... 0.0938 0.005
5 ⁄
34 5 ... 0.125 0.005 is not required.
5 5 9 0.008 0.125 0.010 10.3.4 Number 3 or Best Bright Finish is generally of high
5 9 20 0.015 0.105 0.010 luster produced by special rolling practices, including the use
5 20 2315⁄16 0.023 0.080 0.015
of specially prepared rolls. It is the highest quality finish
6 ⁄
12 1 0.025 0.1875 0.015 commonly produced and is particularly suited for bright
6 1 2 0.025 0.2499 0.025 plating. The production of this finish requires extreme care in
6 2 4 0.035 0.2499 0.047
6 4 6 0.047 0.2499 0.047 processing and extensive inspection. Paper interleaving is
SI UNITS frequently used for protection. In addition to the surface
Specified Width, mmA Specific Thickness, Width roughness values in Table 12, the user and producer may agree
mmB Tolerance,
Edge No. on goniophotometric measurement values (Rs/DI) in accor-
Over Through min max Plus and
Minus, in.C dance with Test Methods E430.
1 12.5 200 ... 3.0 0.13
4 ... 25 0.6 5.0 0.38
4 25 50 0.6 6.0 0.65 11. Inspection
4 50 150 1.0 6.0 1.20
5 ... 100 ... 3.0 0.13
11.1 When purchaser’s order stipulates that inspection and
5 100 500 0.4 3.0 0.25 tests (except product analysis) for acceptance on the steel be
5 500 600 0.6 2.0 0.38 made prior to shipment from the mill, the manufacturer shall
6 ... 25 0.6 5.0 0.38
6 25 50 0.6 6.0 0.65
afford the purchaser’s inspector all reasonable facilities to
6 50 150 1.0 6.0 1.20 satisfy him that the steel is being manufactured and furnished
A
Specified width must be within ranges stated for specified edge number. in accordance with the specification. Mill inspection by the
B
Specified thickness must be within ranges stated for specified width. purchaser shall not interfere unnecessarily with the manufac-
C
When edge, width and thickness are not defined by this table, tolerances are by turer’s operation. All tests and inspection (except product
agreement between producer and supplier.
analysis) shall be made at the place of manufacture unless
otherwise agreed.
TABLE 7 Width Tolerances of Edge Number 2 of Cold-Rolled
Carbon Steel Strip 12. Rejection and Rehearing
INCH - POUND UNITS 12.1 Unless otherwise specified, any rejection shall be
Specified Width, in. Width Tolerance, Plus and
Over Through Minus, in.
reported to the producer within a reasonable time after receipt
1⁄ 2 2 1⁄32 of material by the purchaser.
2 5 3⁄64
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TABLE 8 Width Tolerances for Edge Number 3 (Slit), Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Strip
INCH-POUND UNITS
Width Tolerance, Plus and Minus, in.
Specified Thickness, in.
For Specified Width, in.A
Over 1⁄2 Over 6 Over 9 Over 12 Over 20
Over Through Through Through Through Through Through
6 9 12 20 2315⁄16
... 0.016 0.005 0.005 0.010 0.016 0.020
0.016 0.068 0.005 0.005 0.010 0.016 0.020
0.068 0.099 0.008 0.010 0.010 0.016 0.020
0.099 0.160 0.010 0.016 0.016 0.020 0.020
0.160 0.300 0.016 0.020 0.020 0.031 0.031
S.I. UNITS
Specified Width Tolerance, Plus and Minus, mm
Thickness mm For Specified Width, mmA
Over
Over 100 Over 300 Over 450
Through 200
Over Through Through Through Through
100 Through
200 400 600
300
... 1.5 0.13 0.13 0.25 0.40 0.50
1.5 2.5 0.20 0.25 0.25 0.40 0.50
2.5 4.5 0.25 0.40 0.40 0.50 0.50
4.5 7.5 0.40 0.50 0.50 0.80 0.80
A
Width is measured from the shear surface of the slit edge and not from the break.
12 2315⁄16 1 ⁄2 3 ⁄4 1
SI UNITS
Specified Width, Length Tolerance, Plus Only, mm for
mm Specified Length, mm
From 600 Over 1500 Over
Over Through Through 1500 Through 3000 3000
... 300 10 15 25
300 600 15 20 25
been manufactured and tested in accordance with the require- standard format such as ANSI ASC X12.
ments of this specification.
14. Product Marking
13.3 A signature is not required on test reports. However,
the document shall clearly identify the organization submitting 14.1 As a minimum requirement, the material shall be
the document. Notwithstanding the absence of a signature, the identified by having the manufacturer’s name, ASTM
organization submitting the document is responsible for the designation, weight, purchaser’s order number, and material
content of the document. identification legibly stenciled on the top of each lift or shown
on a tag attached to the coils or shipping units.
13.4 When test reports are required, it is acceptable for the
supplier to report test data from the original manufacturer, 14.2 Bar coding is acceptable as a supplementary identifi-
provided such data is not rendered invalid by the stripmaking cation method. Bar coding should be consistent with the
process. Automotive Industry Action Group (AIAG) standard prepared
by the primary metals subcommittee of the AIAG bar code
13.5 A Material Test Report, Certificate of Inspection, or
project team.
similar document printed from or used in electronic form from
an electronic data interchange (EDI) transmission shall be
15. Packaging and Package Marking
regarded as having the same validity as a counterpart printed in
the certifier’s facility. The content of the EDI transmitted 15.1 Unless otherwise specified, the strip shall be packed
document must meet the requirements of the invoked ASTM and loaded in accordance with Practices A700.
standard(s) and conform to any existing EDI agreement be- 15.2 When coils are ordered it is customary to specify a
tween the purchaser and the supplier. Notwithstanding the minimum or range of inside diameter, maximum outside
absence of a signature, the organization submitting the EDI diameter, and a maximum coil weight, if required. The ability
transmission is responsible for the context of the report. of manufacturers to meet the maximum coil weights depends
NOTE 3—The industry definition as invoked here is: EDI is the upon individual mill equipment. When required, minimum coil
computer to computer exchange of business information in an agreed upon weights are subject to negotiation.
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TABLE 10 Camber Tolerances of Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel Strip
INCH-POUND UNITS
Note 1—Camber is the greatest deviation of a side edge from a straight line,
the measurement being taken on the concave side with a straight edge.
Note 2—Camber tolerances as shown in the table are for any 8 ft. of length.
For strip length under 8 ft., camber tolerance shall be subject to negotiation.
Note 3—When the camber tolerances shown in Table 10 are suitable for a
particular purpose, cold-rolled strip is sometimes machine straightened.
SI UNITS
Note 1—Camber is the greatest deviation of a side edge from a straight line,
the measurement being taken on the concave side with a straight edge.
Note 2—Camber tolerances as shown in the table are for any 2000 mm length.
For strip length under 2000 mm, camber tolerance shall be subject to
negotiation.
Note 3—When the camber tolerances shown in Table 10 are suitable for a
particular purpose, cold-rolled strip is sometimes machine straightened.
W = Width of strip, mm
C = Camber, mm
Width, in. Standard Camber Tolerance,
Over Through mm
... 50 10
50 600 5
16. Keywords
16.1 carbon steel, strip; cold rolled steel strip; steel strip
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APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1.1 Mechanical Properties test at a point midway between the side edges on a single
X1.1.1 Table X1.1 shows the approximate mechanical prop- thickness only. There is some overlapping among the different
erties corresponding to the five commercial tempers of cold- scales, but the best scale to use in any given case is the one
rolled carbon steel strip. This table is presented as a matter of which will give the maximum penetration, without showing
general information. The limits of tensile strength, etc., are not undue evidence of impression on the undersurface and without
intended as criteria for acceptance or rejection unless specifi- exceeding B100 or its equivalent on the dial. The use of a
cally agreed to by the manufacturer when accepting the order. lighter load results in a loss of sensitivity, while a heavier load
The exact processing by different manufacturers will naturally leads to a loss in accuracy. If the Rockwell ball is flattened by
vary slightly, so that absolute identity cannot be expected in using it on a hard sample, it should be replaced, otherwise the
their commercial tempers of cold-rolled strip. subsequent readings will be affected. A tolerance for check
testing, of two Rockwell points on the B scale below the
X1.2 Identified Part minimum and above the maximum of the range specified, is
commonly allowed to compensate for normal differences in
X1.2.1 Cold-rolled carbon steel strip can be furnished in the equipment. It is recommended that hardness numbers be
various tempers to make an identified part provided the specified to the same scale as that to be used during testing.
fabrication of the part is compatible with the grade and temper
of the steel specified. Proper identification of parts may include X1.4 Aging Phenomenon
visual examination, prints or descriptions, or a combination of X1.4.1 Although the maximum ductility is obtained in steel
these. It is the general experience that most identified parts can strip in its dead soft (annealed last) condition, such strip is
be satisfactorily produced from one of the tempers. There are unsuited for many forming operations due to its tendency to
applications or requirements that necessitate additional con- stretcher strain or flute. A small amount of cold rolling
trols or limit the choice of processing methods. For most end (skin-rolling) will prevent this tendency, but the effect is only
part application only one kind of mechanical test requirement temporary due to a phenomenon called aging. The phenom-
is normally employed. This test requirement is generally the enon of aging is accompanied by a loss of ductility with an
Rockwell hardness test. increase in hardness, yield point, and tensile strength. For those
uses in which stretcher straining, fluting, or breakage due to
X1.3 Rockwell Scales and Loads aging of the steel is likely to occur, the steel should be
X1.3.1 Various scales and loads are employed in Rockwell fabricated as promptly as possible after skin-rolling. When the
testing, depending on the hardness and thickness of the strip to above aging characteristics are undesirable, special killed
be tested. It is common practice to make the Rockwell hardness (generally aluminum killed) steel is used.
TABLE X1.1 Approximate Mechanical Properties for Various Tempers of Cold-Rolled Carbon Strip
NOTE 1—These values are given as information only and are not intended as criteria for acceptance or rejection. S.I. units appear in brackets.
Elongation in 2 in. (50 mm)
Tensile Strength,A
Temper for 0.050 in. (1.27 mm) Remarks
† psi [MPa]
Thickness of Strip,B %
No. 1 (hard) 90 000 ± 10 000 ... A very stiff, cold-rolled strip intended for flat blanking only, and not requiring
[620 ± 70] ability to withstand cold forming.
No. 2 (half-hard) 65 000 ± 10 000 10 ± 6 A moderately stiff cold-rolled strip intended for limited bending.
[450 ± 70]
No. 3 (quarter-hard) 55 000 ± 10 000 20 ± 7 A medium soft cold-rolled strip intended for limited bending, shallow drawing
[380 ± 70] and stamping.
No. 4 (skin-rolled) 48 000 ± 6 000 32 ± 8 A soft ductile cold-rolled strip intended for deep drawing where no surface strain
[330 ± 40] or fluting is permissible.C
No. 5 (dead-soft) 44 000 ± 6 000 39 ± 6 A soft ductile cold-rolled strip intended for deep drawing where stretcher strains
[300 ± 40] or fluting are permissible.C Also for extrusions.
A
Tensile properties are based on the standard tension-test specimen for sheet metals, see appropriate figure in Test Methods and Definitions A370.
B
Elongation in 2 in. (50 mm) varies with thickness of strip. For Temper No. 5, dead-soft temper, the percentage of elongation = 41 + 10 log “ t” (t = thickness, in. (mm)).
Other tempers vary in a similar way.
C
See X1.4 for Aging Phenomenon.
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SUMMARY OF CHANGES
Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue
(A109/A109M – 13) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved May 1, 2014.)
Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue
(A109/A109M – 08) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved October 1, 2013.)
(1) Updated the web site in Footnote 4. (3) Corrected Table reference in 10.3.
(2) Corrected spelling in 7.1.1.
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