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    Ronit 6676

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    ronit vaskar

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    Ronit 6676

    Uploaded by

    ronit vaskar
    33 views16 pages

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    ronit6676

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    33 views16 pages

    Ronit 6676

    Uploaded by

    ronit vaskar

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 16

    Chemistry project

    PROJECT: Analysis of Honey

    Submitted by: Ronit S Vaskar

    CLASS : XII A

    Submitted to: Ramaya maam


    Subject: Chemistry
    ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

    I would like to express my special thanks to our


    school, who gave me the opportunity to do this
    project on the topic ‘ANALYSIS OF HONEY’ , which
    also helped me in doing a lot of research and I
    came to know about so many new things.
    Secondly, I would also like to thank my parents
    and friends who helped me a lot in finishing this
    Index

    1. Aim
    2. Apparatus Required
    3. Theory

    4. Procedure
    5. Observation
    6. Chemical Reaction
    7. Conclusion
    8. Bibliography
    Basic Aim of project

     To analyze the natural honey for the presence


    of different minerals and carbohydrates.
    Apparatus Required
    1. Test tube 2. Test tube stand
    3. Burner
    4. (a)Water bath
    (b) Chemicals
    1. Ammonium Chloride Solution (NH4Cl)
    2. Ammonium Hydroxide Solution (NH4OH)
    3. Concentrated Nitric acid (conc. HNO3)
    4. Ammonium Phosphate (NH4)2PO4
    5. Potassium Sulphocyanide Solution (KSCN)
    Theory
    Honey is thick, sweet, super saturated sugar
    solution manufactured by bees to feed their
    larvae and for the subsistence during winter.
    Bee honey is composed of fructose, glucose and
    water, in varying proportions. It also contains
    several enzymes and oils.
    The color & flavor depends on the age of the
    honey and the source of the nectar. The coloured
    honeys are usually of higher quality than dark
    colored honeys.
    Another high grade honeys are made by bees
    from orange blossoms, clover and alfalfa.
    Procedure

    .Test for minerals


    1. Test for Potassium
    >2ml of honey is taken in a test tube and picric acid solution is added.
    Yellow precipitate indicates the presence of k+

    2. Test for calcium


    >2ml of honey is taken in a test tube and NH4cl solution and NH4OH
    solution are added to it. The solution is filtered and to the filtrate
    2ml of ammonium oxalate solution is added. White ppt. or milkiness

    indicates the presence of Ca2+ Ions .

    3. Test for magnesium


    >2ml of honey is taken in a test tube and NH4Cl solution is added to it and
    then excess of ammonium phosphate solution is added. The side of the test
    tube is scratched with a glass rod. White precipitate indicates the presence
    of Mg2+ ion

    Test for Carbohydrates


    1. Fehling’s test:
    2ml of honey is taken in a test tube and 1ml
    each of Fehling’s solution A and Fehling’s
    solution B are added to it and boiled. Red
    precipitate indicates the presence of
    reducing sugars.

    2. Tollen’s test:
    2-3 ml of aqueous solution of honey is taken
    in a test tube. 2-3ml of tollen’s reagent is
    added. The test tube is kept in a boiling water
    bath for about ten minutes. A shining silver
    mirror indicates the presence of reducing
    carbohydrates.

    Observation Table

    Brand of honey taken:


    1. Dabur Honey
    2. Zandu honey

    S.NO Test

    1. Test for Yellow ppt is Potassium is present


    Potassium :- Observed
    Honey +
    Picric acid solution

    1. Dabur Honey

    2. Test for White ppt is not observed Calcium is absent


    Calcium :-
    Honey +NH4Cl
    Soln. +NH4OH
    Soln. filtered+
    Ammonium
    oxalate soln.

    3. Test for magnesium :- Honey + White ppt not observed Magnesium absent
    NH 4OH
    + Ammonium
    Phosphate

    4. Test for iron :- Honey + conc. HNO3 Red color is observed Iron is present
    heated and cooled + KCNS soln.
    2.Zandu honey
    S.NO Test Observation Inference

    1. Test for Pale Yellow ppt is Potassium is present


    Potassium :- Honey + Picric acid observed
    solution

    2. Test for calcium :- White ppt is not observed Calcium is absent


    Honey +NH 4Cl Soln. +NH 4OH Soln.
    filtered+
    Ammonium
    oxalate soln.

    3. Test for magnesium :- Milkiness is not observed Magnesium absent


    Honey+NH 4OH
    + Ammonium Phosphate

    4. Test for iron:- Honey + conc. light red color is Iron is present
    HNO3 heated and cooled + KCNs observed
    soln.
    Chemical reaction

    . Tollen’s test

    .Fehling's test
    Conclusion
    BRAND: DABUR

     Calcium is absent.
     Potassium is present.
     Iron is present.
     Magnesium is absent.
    Honey contains reducing sugar.
     Contains carbohydrates.
    BRAND: ZANDU

     Potassium is present.

     Iron is present.

     Calcium is absent.

     Magnesium is absent.

     Honey contains reducing sugar.


    Contains carbohydrates
    BIBLIOGRAPHY
    1. Help from the Internet
    • www.google.com
    • www.bing.com

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