Project Huney

PM Shri Jawahar
Navodaya Vidyalaya
Kolhapur
CHEMISTRY
Investigatory
Project
2023-2024
Name:Kanishk Nitin Chougale
Class:XII
Roll No.:1205
NAME OF THE PROJECT:-
ANALYSIS
OF
HONEY
--------------------------------------
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project work in
chemistry To analyze the available honey for
presence of different minerals and
carbohydrates” is undertaken and completed by
Mr.Kanishk Nitin Chougale of class 12th science as
prescribed by CBSE for AISSCE,2023-2024.
Date- 20.11.2023
Place: PM SHRI JNV KOLHAPUR
Incharge: G.T. HIRVE

PGT (Chemistry)
Internal Examiner External Examiner
Principal
PM SHRI JAWAHAR NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA
KOLHAPUR
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am grateful to the persons who
encouraged me in completing my project
work. First of all, I am grateful to Shri.
G.T.Hirve, PGT (chemistry) for the
excellent guidance & encouragement to
complete this work successfully. I also
thank him for providing me the laboratory
facilities & help in the experimental work.
I wish to express my heartfelt gratitude to
the Principal, Shri. D RAVI DAMODAR for
his support and guidance. Also thank to
librarian sir for providing me related
books. I am grate- full to my friends for
their co-operation.
Name: Kanishk Nitin Chougale

Class:XII
Roll No.1205
AIM:-
To analyze the
available honey for
presence of different
minerals and
carbohydrates.
REQUIREMENTS:
Apparatus:
Test tubes, Test tube stand, Burner,
Water Bath.
Chemicals:-
Fehling solution A, Fehlingsolution B,
Ammonium chloride solution,
Ammonium oxalate solution,
Ammonium phosphate, Conc.
Nitric acid, Potassium sulphocyanide
solution.
--------------------------------------------------
--------------
THEORY
Honey, thick, sweet, super saturated
sugar solution manufactured by bees to
feed their larvae and for the subsistence
during winter.
Bee honey is composed of fructose,
glucose and water, in varying
proportions. It also contains several
enzymes and oils. The color & flavor
depends on the age of the honey and the
sources of the nectar .It colored honeys
are usually of higher quality than dark
coloured honeys. Other high grade
honeys are made by bees from orange
blossoms, clover and Alfalfa. A well
known, poorer grade honey is produced
from buckwheat.
-------------------------------------
Honey has a fuel value of about 3307
cal/kg [1520 cal/ lbs]. It readily picks up
moisture from the air and is consequently
used as a moistioning agent for Tobaco
and in baking. Glucose crystallizes out of
honey on standing at room temperature,
leaving on uncrystallized layer of
dissolved fructose. Honey to be marketed
is usually heated by a special process to
about 66oC [150.01 F] to dissolve the
crystals and is sealed to prevent
crystallization. The fructose in
crystallized honey ferments readily at
about 160C.
------------------------------------
PROCEDURE:-
TEST FOR MINERALS:-
1. Test for Potassium:-

2ml of honey is taken in a test tube
and picric acid solution is added.
Yellow precipitate indicates the
presence of K+.
2. Test for Calcium:-
and NH4Cl solution and NH4OH
solution are added to it. The solution
is filtered and to the filtrate 2ml of
ammonium oxalate solution is added.
White ppt. or milkiness indicates the
presence of Ca2+ ions.
----------------------------------
3. Test for Magnesium:-
2 ml of honey is taken in a test tube
and NH4Cl solution is added to it and
then excess of Ammonium phospate
solution is added. The side of the
testtube is scratched with a glass
rod. White precipitate indicates the
presence of Mg2+ ions.
4. Test for Iron:-
and a drop of conc. HNO3 is added
and it is heated. It is cooled and 2-3
drops of Potassium sulphocyanide
solution is added to it. Blood red
colour shows the presence of iron.
-------------------------------------
TEST FOR
CARBOHYDRATES
1. Fehling`s test :
2mL of honey is taken in a test tube
and 1mL each of Fehling`s solution A and
Fehling`s solution B are added to it and
boiled. Red precipitate indicates the
presence of reducing sugars.
2. Tollen`s test:
2-3 mL of aqueous solution of honey is

taken in a test tube. 2-3mL of Tollen`s
reagent is added. The test tube is kept in a
boiling water bath for about ten minutes.
A shining silver mirror indicates
the presence of reducing carbohydrates.
--------------------------------------
OBSERVATION TABLE
Substance taken: honey
SL. OBSERVATIO
NO TESTS INFERENCE
N
Test for Potassium:- Potassium is
Yellow ppt.is
1. Honey + Picric acid observed
present.
solution
Test for Calcium:-

White ppt.or
Calcium is
2. Honey + NH4Cl soln. + milkiness is not
absent.
NH4OH soln. filtered + observed
(NH4)2C2O4
Test for Magnesium:-

White ppt.is not Magnesium is
3. Honey+ NH4OH (till
observed absent.
solution becomes
alkaline) + (NH4)3Po4
Test for Iron:-

Blood red colour Iron is present.
4. Honey+ conc.HNO3,
is observed
heated and cooled, +
potassium sulphocyanide
Fehling`s test:-
Reducing sugar
Red ppt. is
5. Honey + 1mL each of
observed
is present.
Fehling`s solution A and
Fehling`s solution B
Tollens test:-
Shining silver Reducing
6. Honey + 2-3mL Tollen`s mirror is carbohydrate is
reagent, test tube in water observed present
bath for 10 minutes
RESULT :-
 Potassium is present.
 Iron is present.
 Calcium is absent.
 Magnesium is absent.
 Honey contains reducing sugar.

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PM Shri Jawahar

Incharge: G.T. HIRVE

Internal Examiner External Examiner

Name: Kanishk Nitin Chougale

1. Test for Potassium:-

2-3 mL of aqueous solution of honey is

Test for Calcium:-

Test for Magnesium:-

Test for Iron:-

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