Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region I
Division of Ilocos Sur

SELF LEARNING KIT IN

8
SCIENCE
LESSON TITLE: HEAT and TEMPERATURE

Name of Teacher –Writer: JOCELYN R. CORRES

School: NARVACAN NATIONAL CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL

1
 1
6

Due to the covid-19 pandemic, this self-learning kit (SLK) will help you learn
how to differentiate between heat from temperature at the molecular level.
Answer/finish this activity with accuracy. Follow all the directions and read carefully
this module for you to understand it clearly.
To accomplish this module, you are given one week to answer the sets of
activities. One (1) activity for a day. A short discussion and illustrative examples were
given to help you understand the content of this module.
To assess your understanding of this module, Modified True or False is given
for you to answer. An answer key is provided to compare with your answers. Good
Luck!!!

MELC: Differentiate between heat and temperature at the

molecular level.
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
1. determine what happens to solids, liquids or gases when they
absorb or release heat;
2. differentiate heat from temperature;
3. convert the temperature of a substance from one unit to another;
4. appreciate the importance of heat and temperature in daily life.

2
 Look at the two pictures below. What does the first picture try to tell

us? Try to rub your hands together then touch your ears. What do you feel?

Why? What is heat?

How about the second picture, describe what happen to the ice cube.

Differentiate the temperature of you hand and the ice cube. What happens to

the ice cube after melting? What is the movement of heat transfer? Well, this

module will help us to answer our queries.

https://www.gettyimages.com.handrubbing https://www.dreamstime.com.icemelting

3
PRESENTATION OF THE LESSON

People often interchange the use of the terms heat and temperature in their daily

conversation. They also think that heat and temperature are just the same. But for physicist, heat

and temperature are two different concepts. So, in this module, you will also learn the difference

between heat and temperature.

At the end of this module, you should be able to

1. determine what happens to solids, liquids or gases when they absorb or release heat

2. differentiate heat from temperature;

3. convert the temperature of a substance from one unit to another;

4. appreciate the importance of heat and temperature in daily life.

In earlier grades you learned that heat transfer takes place

between objects or places of different temperatures, and that heat

transfers from an object of higher temperature to an object of lower

temperature. You have also learned that heat can be transferred

through conduction, convection, or radiation, and that heat transfer

either through moving particles or electromagnetic waves.

Heat is defined as the transfer of energy between objects or places because of difference in

temperature. Heat exists as energy in transit and it is not contained in an object. The energy that is

actually contained in an object due to the motion of its particles is called thermal energy. The

thermal energy of an object is changed if heat is transferred to or from it. Since the amount of heat

transferred relates to the amount of change in thermal energy, the term heat in this module also

used to refer to the measure of thermal energy transferred.

4
 EXAMPLE:

Figure 1. Figure 2.
Credit to: https://www.pinterest.com.

The pictures above illustrate heat transfer. in figure 1, the heat transferred from the flame to
the kettle then water. While in figure 2, heat transferred from the candle flame to the metal rod.

You learned in Module 2 that moving objects possess kinetic energy. All the objects that you

see around you are moving possess kinetic energy. But do you know that even the very small things

that you cannot see, like the particles of objects, are also moving and have kinetic energy?

Example:

Credit to: https://www.esrl.noaa.gov

Figure 3 illustrates Phase Change. The effect of heat in the particles of solid liquid and gas.

5
 If heat is added to an object, the particles of the object gain kinetic energy and they move

faster. Since temperature is directly related to kinetic energy, any gain in kinetic energy would cause

the temperature to increase. Example is the boiling of water. Conversely, if heat is transferred or

removed from an object, it loses kinetic energy, its particles move slower and the body’s

temperature decreases. Example is the water turns to ice. The change that may occur when heat is

added to or taken out from an object is phase change.

Temperature is the measure of “hotness” and “coldness” of an object. It is the measure of

the average kinetic energy (KE) of the particles of matter. When a hot object cools, the temperature

goes down. When a cold body gets hot, its temperature rises. An instrument for measuring

temperature is called Thermometer.

Example:

. Credit to: https://www.youtube.com

Figure 4. The picture above illustrates the use of a clinical thermometer, measuring
the body temperature of a sick child.

6
. Credit to: https://www.rekhasharma22.blogspot.com

Figure 5. This figure shows the measuring of the temperature of water with
ice and the hot water.

Several temperature scales have been devised. Two readily determined temperatures, the

freezing and boiling points of water, are used as reference temperature values.

The table 1 below shows the different scales used to measure temperature and the formulas

needed to convert from one unit to another.

Table 1. Common Scales of Temperature

Credit to: https://www.learnhive.com

Table 2. Celsius, Kelvin, and Fahrenheit

7
 Temperature Conversions
Temperature Scale Formula
0
Celsius to Fahrenheit F = 9/5 (0C) + 32
0
Kelvin to Fahrenheit F = 9/5 (K - 273) + 32
0
Fahrenheit to Celsius C = 5/9 (0F – 32)
Celsius to Kelvin K = 0C + 273
0
Kelvin to Celsius C = K – 273
Credit to: https://www.thoughtco.com.temperatureconversion

Read and analyze the following examples

carefully that may help you prepare for the varied
activities that will be given.

Problem: Calculate the given problem Use the formula to solve the
following:

1. A normal body temperature is 370C. What is the temperature in K?

Given: 370C

Formula:
K = oC + 273

Solution:
= 370C + 273
Answer = 310 K

2. The boiling point of the element argon is 87 K. What is the boiling

point of argon in 0C and 0F?

A) Given: 87K B) Given: 87K or - 1860C

Formula: Formula:
o 0
C = K – 273 F = 9/5 (0C) + 32

Solution: Solution:
= 87K – 273 = 1.8 (1860C) + 32
Answer = - 1860C Answer = 366.80F

8
.

In this Activity, you need to recall the important terms discussed in this
lesson by matching column A to column B. Write only the letter of the
correct answer on the space provided before each number.

ACTIVITY 1. REMEMBER ME?

Column A Column B

_____ 1. The energy in motion. A. Phase change

_____ 2. The temperature scale used when the
boiling point of water is 100. B. Particles
_____ 3. It exists as energy in transit. C. Kelvin
_____ 4. An instrument for measuring temperature. D. Boiling point
_____ 5. The temperature scale used when the
freezing point of water is 273. E. Heat
_____ 6. A minute quantity or fragment. F. Thermometer
_____ 7. It measures the hotness and coldness
of an object. G. Freezing point
_____ 8. The energy contained in an object due
to the motion of its particles. H. Celsius
_____ 9. The temperature scale used when the
boiling point of water is 212. I. Thermal energy
_____10. A change that may occur when heat is
Added to or taken out from an object. J. Kinetic energy

K. Fahrenheit
L. Temperature

In this Activity, you need to use the correct formula of

temperature conversion 9 in order to solve the given
Problems.
ACTIVITY 2. Convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin

1. 460C = ________________ K

2. 690C = ________________ K

3. 2130C = ________________ K

4. – 140C = ________________K

5. – 570C = ________________K

ACTIVITY 3. Convert the temperature from Fahrenheit to Celsius

1. 390F = ________________ 0C

2. 830F = _________________0C

3. 650F = _________________0C

4. 620F = _________________0C

5. 550F = _________________0C

ACTIVITY 4. Use the formula to Complete the table below.

Example 0
C 0
F K
Freezing point of water 00C 1. ______ 2.______
Liquid Nitrogen 3.______ 4.________ 77K

Surface of the Sun 5. _____ 9,9410F 6. ______

Classroom temperature 250C 7. ________ 8. ______
Magma 9. _____ 2,3720F 10. ______

ACTIVITY 5. Problem Solving. Use the formula for temperature conversion.

1. The element silver melts at 960.80C and boils at 2,2120C. Express the temperature
in Kelvin.

10
 a. Given: b. Given:
Formula: Formula:

Solution: Solution:

Answer: Answer:

2. Liquid nitrogen boils at 77.2 K. What is the temperature in Celsius?

Given:
Formula:

Solution:

Answer:

3. A gas has a boiling point of -1750C. At what Kelvin temperature would this gas boil?

Given:
Formula:

Solution:

Answer:

4. A chemist notices some silvery liquid on the floor in her lab. She wonders if someone
accidentally broke a mercury thermometer, but did not thoroughly clean up the mess.
She decides to find out if the silver stuff is really mercury. From her tests with the
substance, she finds out that the melting point of the liquid is 275K. A reference book
says that the melting point of mercury is -38.870C. Is this substance mercury? Express
your answer and show all relevant calculations.

Given:
Formula:

Solution:

Answer:

In this Activity, you are going to draw the molecules for each
state of matter. Write a sentence to describe the molecule ‘s
movement.

11
Activity 6. Molecules of matter

SOLID LIQUID GAS

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
1. What happen to the molecules of liquid when you apply heat? Why?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

2. What happen to the molecules of liquid when you take away heat from it? Why?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

So far you have already recognized the relationship between heat and
temperature.
if heat is absorbed or given off by an object, its temperature changes.
If the object absorbs heat, its temperature rises.
if heat is added to an object, the particles of the object gain
12
kinetic energy and they move faster. Since temperature is directly related
to kinetic energy, any gain in kinetic energy would cause the temperature
to increase. Conversely, if heat is transferred or removed from an object,
Directions: Hidden on the puzzle are words that are related to
heat and temperature. Complete the puzzle by answering the
questions below.

13
 1

6 7

ACROSS DOWN
2. It is known as heat energy transfer. 1. The energy that is transferred from one object to
another as a result of difference in temperature.
3. The smallest particle of a substance 2. A measure of hotness and coldness of an object.
4. An energy associated with motion. 5. Any of the basic unit of matter and energy.
9. It is having a relatively high temperature. 6. The scale of temperature in which water freezes at
0o and boils at 100o under standard conditions.
7. It is having a relatively low temperature.
8. An instrument for determining temperature.

MODIFIED TRUE OR FALSE.

Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and if it is FALSE change the underlined word/s to
make the statement correct. Write your answer on the space provided before each number.

14
__________ 1. When a bowl of hot soup is left on the table, it will become cold after some time
because the soup loses heat to the surrounding air.

__________ 2. Higher temperature means slower moving molecules.

__________ 3. The sun directly heats the air in our atmosphere.

__________ 4. The reason why water boils causing the circular motion is due to conduction.

__________ 5. When an object is heated, its weight will change.

__________ 6. Radiation is the energy that is transferred from one object to another as the result of
a difference in temperature.

__________ 7. A change in temperature indicates a change in kinetic energy of the particles.

__________ 8. When heat is transferred or removed from an object, its particles moves slower and
body’s temperature decreases.

__________ 9. Thermal energy describes the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.

__________10. Heat causes particles of matter to move faster.

__________11. If the object absorbs heat its temperature lowers.

__________12. You are doing your homework at a desk that is underneath a lamp. You start to feel
hotter because of the radiation from the lamp.

__________13. Thermal energy is associated with the random motion of particles at the molecular
scale.

__________14. The transfer of energy as heat caused by the collision of molecules is called
convection.

__________15. Energy is transferred as heat from a substance from a substance at high temperature
to a substance at low temperature.

15
A. Book
Science- Grade 8 Learner’s Module. FEP Printing Corporation. Pasig City,
Philippines. 2016. pp. 37-51.
Prado, Jocelyn A., et. al. SCIENCE_HS. COM. Bookman, Inc. Quezon City,
Philippines. 2004. Pp. 149-157.
Chong, Renee. PSLE SCIENCE (Pacific Guide). Pan Pacific Publication (S)
Pte LTD. Fan Yoong Road, Singapor. 1998. P.42.
Wilbraham, Antony C., et. al. Chemistry. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company.
New York City.1993. 37-38.

B. Website
https://www.gettyimages.com.handrubbing
https://www.dreamstime.com.icemelting
https://www.pinterest.com
https://www.esrl.noaa.gov
https://www.youtube.com
https://www.rekhasharma22.blogspot.com
https://www.learnhive.com
https://www.thoughtco.com.temperatureconversion

16
Activity 1. MATCHING TYPE. Activity 3. Convert Fahrenheit to Celsius
1. J 1. 3.90C
2. H 2. 28.60C
3. E 3. 18.5 0C
4. F 4. 16.80C
5. C 5. 12.90C
6. B Activity 4. Complete the Table.
7. L 1. 320F
8. I 2. 273K
9. K 3. 195.790C
10. A 4. 320.80F
Activity 2. Convert Celsius to Kelvin 5. 5,5050C
1. 319 K 6. 5,778K
2. 342 K 7. 770F
3. 486 K 8. 298K
4. 259 K 9. 1,3000C
5. 216 K 10. 1,573K
Activity 5. Problem Solving.
1. Convert Celsius to Kelvin
a. Given: 960.80C b. Given: 2,2120C
Formula: K = 0C + 273 Formula: K = 0C + 273
Solution: Solution:
= 960 + 273 = 2,212 + 273
Answer: = 1,233.8 K Answer: = 2,485 K

2. Convert Kelvin to Celsius

Given: 77.2 K
Formula: 0C = K - 273
Solution:
= 77.2 – 273
Answer: = - 195.8 0C
3. Convert Celsius to Kelvin
Given: - 175 0C
Formula: K = 0C + 273
Solution:
= -1750C + 273
Answer: = 98 K
4. Convert Kelvin to Celsius
Given: 275 K
Formula: 0C = K - 273
Solution:
= 275 – 273
Answer: = 20C, NO it is not mercury.

Application:

17
 1
H
2
T H E R M A L E N E R G Y

t E A
3
M O L E C U L E T

P
4
K I N E T I C E N E R G Y
5
R P
6 7
A C C A
8
T H E R M O M E T E R

U L L T

R S D I

E I N C

U E L
9
H O T N E S S S E

S S

Assessment:

Modified True or False.

1. True 9. temperature
2. faster 10. True
3. True 11. rises
4. convection 12. True
5. temperature 13. True
6. heat 14. Conduction
7. True 15. True
8. True

18