Internet of Things in Agriculture

INTERNET OF THINGS IN
AGRICULTURE(IOTA)
Internet of Things (IoT) device is every object that can be controlled through the
internet. IoT devices have become pretty popular in consumer markets with
wearable IoWT (Internet of Wearable Things) such as smartwatches and home
management products like Google home. It is estimated over 30 billion devices
could be connected to the Internet of Things by 2020. The applications of IoT in
farming target conventional farming operations to meet the increasing demands and
decrease production loses. IoT in agriculture uses robots, drones, remote sensors
and computer imaging combined with continuously progressing machine learning
and analytical tools for monitoring crops, surveying and mapping the fields and
provide data to farmers for rational farm management plans to save both time and
money.
(Q)How is IoT integrated in agriculture?
ANS: Agriculture implements IoT through use of robots, drones, sensors and computer
imaging integrated with analytical tools for getting insights and monitor the farms.
Placement of physical equipment on the farms monitors and records data which is used to
get insights.
APPLICATIONS OF IOT IN AGRICULTURE

 ROBOTICS: With increasing demands and shortage of labour across the globe,
agriculture robots or commonly known as Agribots are starting to gain attention
among farmers. Crop production decreased by an estimated 213 crores approx ($3.1
billion) a year due to labour shortages in the USA alone. Recent advancements in
sensors and AI technology that lets machines to train on their surroundings has
made agribots more notable. We are still in the early stages of an ag robotics
revolution with most of the products still in early trial phases and R&D mode.
Some of the different robotics used in agriculture with the use of

internet are:
 Weeding robots
 Machine navigation
 Harvesting robotics
 Material handling
 DRONES: Agriculture is one of the major industries to incorporate drones. Drones

equipped with sensors and cameras are used for imaging, mapping and surveying
the farms. There are ground based drones and aerial drones. Ground drones are bots
that survey the fields on wheels. Drones can be remotely controlled remotely or they
can fly automatically through software-controlled flight plans in their embedded
systems, working in coordination with sensors and GPS. From the drone data,
insights can be drawn regarding crop health, irrigation, spraying, planting, soil and
field, plant counting and yield prediction and much more. Drones can either be
scheduled for farm surveys ( drone as a service ) or can be bought and stored near
farms where they can be recharged and maintained. After the surveys the drones
need to be taken to nearby labs to analyse the data that has been collected.
 REMOTE SENSING: IoT based remote sensing utilizes sensors placed along the
farms like weather stations for gathering data which is transmitted to analytical tool
for analysis. Sensors are devices sensitive to anomalies. Farmers can monitor the
crops from analytical dashboard and take action based on insights.
SOME IMPORTANT USES OF REMOTE SENSING ARE:
 Crop monitoring
 Weather conditions
 Soil quality
How do you test pH levels in hydroponics?
First, you will calibrate your meter. Usually, this involves using at least one test
substance whose pH you already know.
You’ll expose the meter to these known substances and then tell it what the pH is
supposed to be. You will have to repeat this process until the meter can accurately
measure the pH of these known substances on its own, although it usually only takes
one or two tries.
After the meter has been calibrated, you rinse off any calibration solution with
deionized water, dry it gently, and expose your meter to the water you want to test.
Many meters on the market will also require you to input the water’s temperature
before you test it, since the reading on the meter can be affected by how hot or cold
thewater is. Be sure to read the specific directions of your meter thoroughly before
use and clean and properly store the meter after use.
How accurate is a pH meter?
The accuracy of your pH meter is very much dependent on how well you calibrate it, as well
as its precision. The most expensive equipment out there won’t be good enough to help you
if you don’t calibrate the meter correctly. In general, the higher quality pH meters will be
more precise than lower quality meters. This can be a problem if you are edging toward the
extremes of the ideal pH range, since a low precision meter could measure the pH to be
within the ideal range when it is actually outside of it. It is important to invest in the highest
quality pH meter that you can in order to avoid these issues, and be sure to take extra care
during the calibration process.
How do you fix the pH of your water?
Since pH is a measure of acidity, you either have to add an acid to make the water more
acidic, or add something alkaline to make the water less acidic. It is important to remember
that you can’t just add any acid or alkaline solution to the water. You must use specialized
products that have been developed specifically for adjusting the pH of water. Otherwise, you
risk introducing chemicals that are dangerous to your plants. Once you identify an issue with
your water, simply add the necessary amount of acidic or alkaline solution to your water until
it tests to be within the desired range.
 COMPUTER IMAGING: Computer imaging involves the use of sensor cameras

installed at different corners of the farm or drones equipped with cameras to
produce images which undergo digital image processing. Digital image processing is
the basic concept of processing an input image using computer algorithms. Image
processing views the images in different spectral intensities such as infrared,
compares the images obtained over a period of time and detects anomalies thus
analysing limiting factors and helps better management of farms.
What can we achieve?
 Maintain proper nutrient solution temperature
 Provide proper aeration
 Checks Ph and Ec levels regularly

Internet of Things in Agriculture

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INTERNET OF THINGS IN

(Q)How is IoT integrated in agriculture?

APPLICATIONS OF IOT IN AGRICULTURE

Some of the different robotics used in agriculture with the use of

 DRONES: Agriculture is one of the major industries to incorporate drones. Drones

SOME IMPORTANT USES OF REMOTE SENSING ARE:

How do you test pH levels in hydroponics?

How accurate is a pH meter?

How do you fix the pH of your water?

 COMPUTER IMAGING: Computer imaging involves the use of sensor cameras

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