Information and Technology 4 ICT Tools Faults in ICT Tools Assembling and Disassemble ICT Tools Disassembling A Computer Terms

Information and Technology 4
ICT tools
Faults in ICT tools

Assembling and disassemble ICT tools
Disassembling a computer
Terms
Disassemble – is to take to pieces, to reverse the process of assembly
To disassemble a computer is to take pieces of a computer or its components apart. This requires one
to have knowledge of the complete system since a computer is a machine. Health and safety
awareness as well as safety precautions have to be observed.
Health and safety awareness
 Risk of electric shock
 Risk of explosion
 Knowledge of power source
Safety precautions
 Safety precautions should be followed before attempting to disassemble a computer
 Fully shut down and unplug the computer system before disassembling. Unplug all cable that is plugged in
to your computer (power, USB, mouse, keyboard, Ethernet, modem, HDMI and cable TV)
 Remove metal objects on your body like jewellery and accessories to avoid being shocked.
 Make sure your hands are dry.
 Do not open the power supply or monitor
 Gently remove and lift up parts, making sure not to drop them or injure your back.
 Use the proper tool for each task.
 Keep the working area clean and scatter free by putting screws in a bowl / Do not leave tools lying around.
 If you cannot do it, get help from a professional or else you will further damage the ICT tool.
 Follow all stages properly with the assistance of a technician
The computer system

A computer is made up of a monitor, mouse, modem, system unit, printer or scanner if it is mounted
on and speakers.
Computer system
1. Scanner
2. Printer
3. Monitor
4. Computer system unit (CPU)
5. Speakers
6. Mouse
7. Keyboard
Systems unit
The systems unit is sometimes called the tower, box, cabinet or simply a case. It contains the
electronic components of a computer like power supply, different drives, the fan, connectors and the
mother board. These provide places to connect the external components, including non-peripherals.
Peripheral – a device such as printer or scanner connected to a printer or devices on the
periphery/outside boundary, parts of surface of something.
Image of the systems unit
Components of the CPU (for pictures –Best Approach to ICT page 7-9 or download)
 Motherboard/ main board – the electronic centre piece of the computer. It contains the connectors
for attaching additional boards.
 Power supply – It converts outlet power, which is alternating current (AC), to direct current (DC)
which is required by internal components as well as providing appropriate voltages and currents
for these internal components. It can be called PSU, meaning Power Supply Unit.
 Processor – It is called the CPU – central processing unit. It is the” brain” of the computer
because that is where most actual computation takes place (processing)
 RAM (Random Access Memory) – it is a short term memory of a computer used by the CPU to
store programme instructions and data upon which it is currently operating. Data in the RAM is
lost when the computer is powered off. This means it is volatile.
 Hard disk drive (HDD) or SSD Solid State Drive - a long term memory of a computer that is used
for persistent storage. Information stored in it remain even when the computer is switched off.
Operating system and all the programmes are stored in the HDD. The HDD is less expensive than
the SSD/SDD.
 Optical drive – A device for reading/writing optical disks. It reads CDs, DVDs or other optical
media depending on the type. Essential for installing many operating systems and programmes
although the vast majority can be run from the USB.
 GPU (Graphics Card) - it does processing relating to video output. NB: some motherboard and
processors have an “on-board” GPU built in so you don’t need a separate video card.
 Sound card – Used to produce sound on a computer that can be heard through connected speakers
and head/earphones. Soundcards comes with the motherboard.
 Fan – Regulates the temperature inside the tower by cooling the systems as it rotates.
Questions
1. To disassemble a computer is to __________.
2. List down two safety precautions to be followed before attempting to disassemble a computer.
3. The systems unit is also known as ________.
4. Name any two components of the CPU.
5. The component responsible for reading/writing optical disks is called __________
6. Sound on a computer is heard through the _________.
7. What is the function of the fan on a computer?
8. The long term memory of a computer is called ____________.

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Faults in ICT tools

The computer system

Image of the systems unit

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