Atomic Structure: Chapter Test B

Name Date Class
ATOMIC STRUCTURE
Chapter Test B
A. Matching
Match each term in Column B with the correct description in Column A. Write the letter of the correct term on the
line.
Column A Column B
1. the number of protons in the nucleus of an a. electron
element
2. the smallest particle of an element that retains its b. mass number

identity in a chemical reaction
3. the total number of protons and neutrons in the c. atomic number

nucleus of an atom
4. a positively charged subatomic particle d. atomic mass
5. atoms with the same number of protons but e. neutron

different numbers of neutrons
6. a negatively charged subatomic particle f. atomic mass unit
1
7. the mass of a carbon-12 atom g. proton
12
8. an arrangement of elements in which the h. isotopes

elements are separated into groups based on a set
of repeating properties
9. a subatomic particle with no charge i. atom
10. the weighted average of the mass of the atoms in j. periodic table
a naturally occurring sample of an element
B. Multiple Choice
Choose the best answer and write its letter on the line.
11. Which of these statements is included in Dalton’s atomic theory?

a. Chemical reactions occur when atoms are separated, joined, or rearranged.
b. Some but not all elements are composed of atoms.
c. Atoms of the same element can have different numbers of protons.
d. Atoms are divisible.
12. Which of the following statements is correct?

a. Electrons are positively charged.
b. Protons are negatively charged.
c. Neutrons have no charge.
d. Atoms are positively charged.
Chapter 4 Atomic Structure 97

Name Date Class
13. Which of the following correctly lists the particles in order from least massive to most massive?
a. proton, electron, hydrogen atom, helium atom
b. proton, helium atom, hydrogen atom, electron
c. hydrogen atom, electron, helium atom, proton
d. electron, proton, hydrogen atom, helium atom
14. Which of the following statements is not consistent with the results obtained in Rutherford’s gold foil
experiment?
a. The nucleus of an atom is positively charged.
b. The nucleus of an atom contains almost all the mass of the atom.
c. Atoms are composed mainly of empty space.
d. Electrons are contained in the nucleus of an atom.
15. The identity of an element can be determined on the basis of which of the following?
a. the number of protons in an atom of the element
b. the number of neutrons in an atom of the element
c. the mass number of the element
d. the atomic mass of the element
16. What is the atomic number and the mass number of an atom with 11 protons and 12 neutrons?
a. atomic number = 11 and mass number = 12
b. atomic number = 12 and mass number = 11
c. atomic number = 11 and mass number = 23
d. atomic number = 23 and mass number = 12
17. An atom of hydrogen-2 contains

a. 2 protons, 2 electrons, and 2 neutrons.
b. 2 protons, 2 electrons, and 4 neutrons.
c. 1 proton, 1 electron, and 1 neutron.
d. 1 proton, 1 electron, and 2 neutrons.
18. Which of the following statements is correct?

a. Each vertical column of elements in the periodic table is called a period.
b. The elements in any group of the periodic table have similar physical and chemical properties.
c. Group 1A contains the elements hydrogen and helium.
d. In the modern periodic table, elements are listed in order of increasing atomic mass.
19. Isotopes of the same element have

a. the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
b. the same number of protons but different numbers of electrons.
c. the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons.
d. the same number of neutrons but different numbers of electrons.
20. Which symbol correctly represents an element (D) whose atoms contain 15 protons and 20 neutrons?
20 35
a. 15 D c. 15 D
15 15
b. 20 D d. 35 D
98 Core Teaching Resources

Name Date Class
21. If Z is the symbol for an element, which pair among the following represents isotopes of the same
element?
a. 51 51
25 Z and 26 Z c. 50 50
25 Z and 27 Z
51 50 51 50
b. 25 Z and 25 Z d. 26 Z and 25 Z
22. The relative abundance of each isotope of an element determines its

a. atomic number. c. number of electrons.
b. atomic mass. d. number of protons.
23. Three isotopes of oxygen occur in nature: oxygen-16, oxygen-17, and oxygen-18. If the atomic mass of
oxygen is 15.9994, which of the three isotopes, if any, is the most abundant?
a. oxygen-16 c. oxygen-18
b. oxygen-17 d. All are equally abundant.
24. Element Z has two naturally occurring isotopes: Z-20 and Z-22. If the atomic mass of Z is 21.5 amu, what
is the relative abundance of each isotope in nature?
a. one Z-20 to one Z-22 c. two Z-20s to one Z-22
b. one Z-20 to two Z-22s d. one Z-20 to three Z-22s
C. Problems
Solve the following problems in the space provided. Show your work.
25. The element argon contains three naturally occurring isotopes:

36 38 40
18 Ar 18 Ar 18 Ar
The relative abundances and atomic masses are 0.337% (mass = 35.978 amu), 0.063% (mass = 37.963 amu), and
99.600% (mass = 39.962 amu), respectively. Calculate the average atomic mass of argon.
26. List the numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons in each of the following atoms.
Protons Neutrons Electrons
19
9 F
27
13 Al
40
18 Ar
65
30 Zn
108
47 Ag
Chapter 4 Atomic Structure 99

Name Date Class
27. Complete the following table.
Atomic Mass Number of Number of Number of

Symbol
Number Number Protons Neutrons Electrons
24
12 12 Mg
39 20
30 26
80
35 Br
197 79
D. Essay
Write a short essay for the following.
28. Explain how the isotopes of one element are alike and how they are different. Give at least two examples of each.
100 Core Teaching Resources

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Name Date Class

2. the smallest particle of an element that retains its b. mass number

3. the total number of protons and neutrons in the c. atomic number

4. a positively charged subatomic particle d. atomic mass

5. atoms with the same number of protons but e. neutron

6. a negatively charged subatomic particle f. atomic mass unit

8. an arrangement of elements in which the h. isotopes

9. a subatomic particle with no charge i. atom

11. Which of these statements is included in Dalton’s atomic theory?

12. Which of the following statements is correct?

Chapter 4 Atomic Structure 97

17. An atom of hydrogen-2 contains

18. Which of the following statements is correct?

19. Isotopes of the same element have

98 Core Teaching Resources

22. The relative abundance of each isotope of an element determines its

25. The element argon contains three naturally occurring isotopes:

Protons Neutrons Electrons

Chapter 4 Atomic Structure 99

27. Complete the following table.

Atomic Mass Number of Number of Number of

100 Core Teaching Resources

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