Stat Assignment
Stat Assignment
Stat Assignment
Rehmat Ullah
Class:
BS. Psychology 5th Semester
Roll no:
18549
Assignment Topic:
Importance of Statistics in Psychology
Subject:
Statistics
Submitted To:
Sir Ashfaq
When psychologists begin a research project, they start with a hypothesis. A hypothesis is
an explanation for something that a researcher then examines, using data, to see if her
hypothesis is the correct explanation for a particular phenomenon. To do this,
psychologists often use statistics.
When dealing with an enormous amount of information, it is all too easy to become
overwhelmed. Statistics allow psychologists to present data in ways that are easier to
comprehend. Visual displays such as graphs, pie charts, frequency distributions, and
scatterplots allow researchers to get a better overview of data and look for patterns they
might otherwise miss.
In research, psychologists use two kinds of statistics, descriptive and inferential. Descriptive
statistics simply give a general picture of the scores in a given group. They include the measures
of central tendency and the measures of variability. Central tendency involves different kinds of
averages: the mean, median, and mode. Variability involves the standard deviation, which
indicates how far scores in a group are likely to be from the average.
Importance of Inferential Statistics
Inferential statistics are used to help psychologists draw inferences, or conclusions, from the
data obtained from their research. The most common statistical tests include the student's T-
test and the Analysis of Variance (or F-test); these statistics help the psychologist assess
whether the differences in averages across groups are due to the effects of an independent
variable. Another widely used inferential statistic is the correlation coefficient, which describes
the strength of the relationship between two variables. For example, there is a positive
correlation between a student's score on the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT).
There is quite a discrepancy between the statistics knowledge required to obtain a bachelor’s
degree in psychology and what is necessary to have a career in the field of psychology. It turns
out that the importance of understanding and being able to apply and interpret statistics in
psychological research cannot be understated.
While a bachelor’s degree in psychology may allow for a college graduate to obtain entry level
jobs in a variety of fields (e.g. human resources, education, customer service, etc.), developing
a career within the field of psychology requires a graduate degree. Further, with the exception
of graduate degrees aimed at marriage and family therapy licensure, most graduate programs
focus on learning to conduct, and then conducting, publishable research.