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ELA984 Inherently Safer Design

此学习集的词语(45)

Inherently safer design early

optimally happens _____ in the
life cycle of the process

In the handling of a flammable Moderate

liquid, a facility determines that
it is possible to dilute it to a
20% conc. and still operate
effectively. This is an example
of which inherently safer
design strategy?

Elements of which strategies Passive, Procedural, Inherent, Active (Choose all)

will be required for a
comprehensive process safety
management program when all
hazards of a process and plant
are considered?

CCPS defines ________ as "An hazard

inherent chemical or physical
characteristic that has the
potential for causing damage
to people, property, or the
environment"

ELA984 Inherently Safer Design

A hazard identification and risk How bad could it be?
analysis (HIRA) study is How often might it happen?
targeted towards determining: What can go wrong?

T or F: Risk is a function of True

frequency and severity and it
can be quite complicated due
to all the various types of risks
that must be considered.

Inherently safer design Moderate, Simplify, Eliminate/Minimize, Substitute

strategies: (Choose all)

T or F: Inherently safer design is False

applicable to the chemical and
process industries only.

T or F: A mitigative safeguard is False

an example of inherently safer
design.

_______ methods reduce risk by Procedural

relying on personnel actions
governed by operating
procedures, safety rules and
standards, emergency
response procedures, and
training.

T or F: Process Safety True

Management systems accept
the fact that there are inherent
risks in a process.

ELA984 Inherently Safer Design

What ISD guideword is Simplify
associated with this checklist
question: "Are all manuals
guides and instructional
material clear and easy to
understand, especially those
that are used in an emergency
situation?"

The failure to design the operator-process/equipment interface

equipment to reduce the
potential for error (such as
complex and confusing
equipment, positioning of dials,
color coding, or different
directions for on/off) is an issue
associated with:

Both the Flixborough case and Management of Change (MOC)

the Synthron case show the
consequences of ignoring ISD
in which Process Safety
Management system element?

The Management of Change unintentionally

process should ensure that
changes do not _________ change
existing inherently safer
barriers.

What are the key human factor The operator-process/equipment interface

areas associated with ISD Human error assessment
principles? Administrative controls
ELA984 Inherently Safer Design
What ISD guideword is Minimize
associated with this checklist
question: "Are just in time
deliveries used when dealing
with hazardous materials?"

T or F: ISD features are True

particularly susceptible to
lapses in corporate memory
given that they are such a
fundamental part of the design
that their purpose may not be
obvious, unlike an add-on
device (such as a high-pressure
alarm).

Developing a complete Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis

knowledge of all the potential
hazards and their severity for a
material or process is key to
implementing an effective
inherently safer design. Which
Process Safety Management
system element does this apply
to?

The inherently safer design Process routes, procedures, equipment, materials

guidewords focus on: (choose all)

Evaluating equipment required development

for an inherently safer process
usually occurs first in which
step of the process life cycle?

ELA984 Inherently Safer Design

T or F: Since there is a False
substantial impact on the cost
of modification after the
Design and Construction stage
has been completed, there can
be no further ISD
implementation.

From an ISD perspective, the DO NOT CHOOSE THIS ANSWER: Reduce or

process design needs to be eliminate risks associated with batch processes
taken into consideration in
order to:

With respect to inherent safety, Preserving the inherent safety features and
what issues should be practices provided during the Development phase
addressed during the of the process life cycle
Operations, Maintenance, and Seeking opportunities for continues improvement in
Modifications phase of the inherent safety
process life cycle?

The __________ step is the last step Detailed Design

at which changes can be made
at moderate cost because
most of the equipment is
purchased after this step is
approved.

What are the key actions Isolate equipment mechanically

necessary that a Isolate equipment electrically
decommissioned plant or Remove hazardous inventories
individual piece of equipment Document exact state of decommissioned
remains in a safe and stable equipment
condition during the
decommissioning process?
ELA984 Inherently Safer Design
T or F: Plant modifications True
during the Operations,
Maintenance, and
Modifications stage of the
process life cycle provide an
opportunity to incorporate
inherently safer strategies that
were overlooked or deferred
during the initial design.

During the detailed design DO NOT CHOOSE THIS ANSWER:

stage there is an opportunity to Eliminate/minimize
evaluate the siting of the
equipment processing
hazardous material to establish
if adequate separation
distances have been
established. This is an
application of which ISD
strategy?

The design basis of the documented

process, especially those
inherently safer features that
are built into the design and
installation of the process,
must be clearly:

When the ______ stage of the design and construction

process life cycle is reached,
the chemistry, unit operations,
and type of equipment have
been set.

ELA984 Inherently Safer Design

With the _____ approach, Moderate
techniques such as dilution,
refrigeration, or less severe
process conditions are used.

__________ design features reduce Active

risk, including the frequency or
severity, by relying on the
active functioning of a device
or control system.

Which of the following is NOT Aggressive

one of the four different safety
strategies in design?

T or F: Inherent safety means False

that all hazards have been
designed out of the process up
front.

Is intrinsic to a material or its condition of use

A hazard: Can be changed by changing the conditions of use
Can be changed by changing the material

Application of ISD principles DO NOT CHOOSE THE ANSWER: None of the

reminds us that _________ are above
often the least effective
control measures and that
organizations should
implement inherently safer
controls where ever possible.

ELA984 Inherently Safer Design

 Make the design of the overhead condenser system
A process engineering group is less complex
reviewing an existing process... Run the process at lower temperature and pressure
Evaluate using a less toxic raw material

Since implementation of ISD Management Review and Continuous Improvement

concepts is often more costly
than easier procedural
barriers... Which Process Safety
Management system element
does this apply to?

Documenting the exact state Simplification

of the decommissioned
equipment is a form of the
inherently safer strategy of:

During PHAs each safety simplification

device or procedure should be
evaluated to see if it can be
eliminated or modified by
applying inherently safer
principles of:

The Operations, Maintenance, A decade or more

and Modifications stage will
likely last:

ELA984 Inherently Safer Design

T or F: The design and False
implementation of inherently
safer chemical processes
doesn't need to be considered
for when the plant is no longer
a productive unit or plant and
is decommissioned.

During the Operations, DO NOT CHOOSE THIS ANSWER: inherently safe

Maintenance, and
Modifications stage, conduct
of operations should include
an ISD approach so as to
eliminate or minimize the
hazards and reduce the
number of _______ safeguards
required.

CHOOSE TWO OPTIONS BELOW AND WAS

Of the questions listed below,
WRONG:
which are the most appropriate
Is a flammable solvent necessary?
to ask for ISD considerations
Can a different mode of operation be used and
during the Development stage
result in smaller accumulations of hazardous
of the process life cycle?
materials?

The image shown is an reactivity matrix

example of a ___________, which
can be used to identify which
chemicals interactions pose
potential reaction hazards.
 升级

SAChE Inherently Safer Design

此学习集的词语(68)

True or false: Inherently safer False

design is applicable to the
chemical and process
industries only

True or false: Inherently safer True

design concepts can be
utilized at later stages of the
process life cycle.

In general, which two Inherent and Passive

strategies are the most robust
and reliable?

A way of thinking about the design of chemical

Inherently safer design is: processes and plants that focuses on the elimination
or reduction of hazards

True or False: Passive control False

measures, since they don't have
to rely on the active
intervention of devices or
human operators, are
considered the most robust
approach to hazard control.

SAChE Inherently Safer Design

True or False: Implementing an False
ISD approach always results in
a process having no risk.

In which order should the Inherent>Passive>Active>Procedural

designer apply strategies?

A packaging system for an Passive

explosive power is built with a
design pressure of 200 psig
(max explosion pressure from a
dust explosion of the material
is 140 psig). This is an example
of which of the following types
of control?

True or False: Inherent safety False

means that all hazards have
been designed out of the
process up front.

A reaction with a max adiabatic Procedural

rxn pressure of 200 psig is
conducted in a reactor with a
design pressure of 150 psig.
One of the reactants is
gradually added at a rate to
control the rxn temp, and the
rxn stops if the reactant feed is
stopped. The process operator
is trained to monitor the
reactor temp and pressure and
stop the reactant feed if either
gets too high. Which type of
SAChE
control isInherently
this? Safer Design
What ISD guideword is Substitute
associated with this checklist
question: "Can pressure be
used instead of a pump to
move hazardous fluids from
one unit operation to another?"

Since implementation of ISD Management Review & Continuous Improvement

concepts is often more costly
than easier procedural barriers,
management support for
implementation of ISD is
critical. Which Process Safety
Management system element
does this apply to?

In the Flixboroough case, the Minimization

plant site had very large
inventories of flammable
material which is contrary to
the ISD principle of:

True or False: ISD features are True

particularly susceptible to
lapses in corporate memory
given that they are such a
fundamental part of the design
that their purpose may not be
obvious, unlike an add-on
device.

SAChE Inherently Safer Design

What ISD guideword is Minimize
associated with this checklist
question: "Are just in time
deliveries used when dealing
with hazardous materials?"

True or False: Human factors True

have a strong relationship with
the principles of inherent
safety.

Developing a complete Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis

knowledge of all the potential
hazards and their severity for a
material or process is key to
implementing an effective
inherently safer design. Which
Process Safety Management
system element does this apply
to?

Which of the following Process Hazard Identification and Risk Analysis (HIRA) &
Safety Management system Management of Change (MOC)
elements are particularly well-
suited for the application of
ISD principles?

SAChE Inherently Safer Design

A process engineering group is Make the design of the overhead condenser system
reviewing an existing process less complex
that will be modified to Run the process at lower temp & pressure
improve the yield. They have Evaluate using a less toxic raw material
been asked to perform a MOC
review and provide potential
process safety recs before the
process moves forward ot a full
safety review. These are some
of the recommendations the
engineering group is
proposing: Which of the
engineering group's recs
below can be considered ISD
actions?

The failure to design The Operator-process/equipment interface

equipment to reduce the
potential for error (such as
complex and confusing
equipment positioning of dials,
color coding, or different
directions for on/off) is an issue
associated with: ,

During the detailed design Simplify

stage there is an opportunity to
evaluate the siting of the
equipment processing
hazardous material to establish
if adequate separation distance
have been established. This is
an application of which ISD
strategy?
SAChE Inherently Safer Design
What are the key actions Remove hazardous inventories
necessary to ensure that a Document exact state of decommissioned
decommissioned plant or equipment
individual piece of equipment Isolate equipment mechanically
remains in a safe and stable Isolate equipment electrically
condition during the
decommissioning process?

installation Details
The design and construction
Detailed equipment specifications
stage focus primarily on:
Piping and instrumentation design

True or false: Plant true

modifications during the
operations, maintenance and
modifications stage of the
process life cycle provide an
opportunity to incorporate
inherently safer strategies that
were overlooked or deferred
during the initial design.

The ___ step is the last step at Detailed design

which changes can be made at
moderate cost because cost of
the equipment is purchased
after this step is approved?

SAChE Inherently Safer Design

True or false: the design and False
implementation of inherently
safer chemical processes does
not need to be considered for
hen the plant is no longer
productive unit or plant and is
decommissioned?

True or false: Process control True

must be provided during all
modes of operation, not just in
the normal, steady state
operating mode?

To choose the "inherently safer Transportation of raw materials & final products
design", the team needs to take
into account:

True or false: Hazards are not False

inherent to a material or its
conditions of use.

In addition to inherently safer Active

design, what are other stratifies Procedural
for safety? Passive

Inherently safer design Early

optimally happens ___ in the life
cycle of the process.

SAChE Inherently Safer Design

Both the Flixborough case and MOC
the Synthron case show the
consequences of ignoring ISD
in which Process Safety
management system element?

The ISD concept of ___ includes MOC

review of process changes
before they are implemented,
documentation of changes and
revision of training as a
consequence of changes.

True or False: Process Safety True

Management systems accept
that fact that there are inherent
risks in a process.

Many opportunities still exist to Simplification

apply the ___ strategy during
detailed design.

It is inherently safer to develop Wide safer operating limits

processes with: A robust process

Changes to the process design Research

to incorporate inherently safer
strategies during the _____ stage
of the life cycle can be easy to
accomplish and relatively
inexpensive, yet this effort can
significantly affect the
outcome.

SAChE Inherently Safer Design

Which PSM element is most MOC
important in preserving and
protecting against elimination
of inherently safer features
during the operation,
maintenance, and modification
stage of the process life cycle?

True or False: Risk is a function True

of frequency and severity and
it can be quite complicated
due to all the various types of
risks that must be considered

With the ___ approach, Not minimize, nor substitute

techniques such as dilution,
refrigeration or less severe
process conditions are used

With the ___ approach, the not minimize

design could replace a
hazardous material with a less
hazardous alternative or use
less hazardous reaction
chemistry

The inherently safer design all the options

guidewords focus on:

SAChE Inherently Safer Design

What ISD guideword is Not minimize or moderate
associated with this checklist
question: "Are all manuals,
guides, and instructional
material clear and easy to
understand, especially those
used that are used in an
emergency situation?"

What ISD guideword is not substitute

associated with this checklist
question: " Can hazards be
reduced via lower
temperatures or pressures?"

The image shown is an reactivity matrix

example ____, which can be
used to identify which
chemicals interactions pose
potential reaction hazards

True or False: Alternative types True

of process equipment have
different inherently safer
characteristics

When the ___ stage of the Design and Construction

process life cycle is reached,
the chemistry, unit operations,
and type of equipment have
been set

SAChE Inherently Safer Design

To choose the "inherently all of the options
safer" chemistry, the research
team needs to take into
account

A process Safety Management 5 years

(PSM) or Risk Management
Program (RMP)- covered
facility will perform Process
Hazard Analyses (PHA) or
similar studies at least once
every:

True or False: ISD cannot be False

implemented until the
Development stage of the
process life cycle is completed
because the chemistry and the
basic hazards of the material
are not known yet

When decommissioning Not substitution

equipment, the inherently safer
strategy of ___ is used to
remove the inventory of
hazardous materials

During Process Hazard not moderation

Analyses (PHAs), each safety
device or procedure should be
evaluated to see if it can be
eliminated or modified by
applying inherently safer
principles of:
SAChE Inherently Safer Design
True or False: Once the False
development stage of the
process life cycle is underway,
it's too late to revisit the basic
chemistry of the process

Of the questions listed below, NOT all of them

which are the most appropriate
to ask for ISD considerations
during the Development stage
of the process life cycle?

Documenting the exact state simplification

of the decommissioned
equipment is a form of the
inherently safer strategy of:

Evaluating equipment required NOT decommissioning

for an inherently safer process
usually occurs first in which
step of the process life cycle?

NOT
- research
below are the stages of the - Design and construction
process life cycle - Development
-Operations, maintenance and modification
-Decommissioning

In their search for the best -Toxicity

chemistry, researchers attempt -Reactivity
to identify and minimize which -Flammability
of the following hazards?
SAChE Inherently Safer Design
From an ISD perspective, the Reduce the potential for large releases of
process design basis needs to hazardous materials
be taken into consideration in
order to:

What is the longest stage in the NOT

life cycle of a process -design and construction

The design basis of the NOT labeled

process, especially those
inherently safer features that
are built into the design and
installation of the process,
must be clearly:

True or False: Applying the ISD True

approach to distillation system
designs can be evaluated
during the development stage
of a process

True or False: A mitigative False

safeguard is an Example of
inherently safer design

The management of Change unintentionally

process should ensure that
changes do not ____ change
existing inherently safer
barriers

SAChE Inherently Safer Design

Application of ISD principles Not (none of the above)
reminds us that ___ are often the
least effective control
measures and that
organizations should
implement inherently safer
controls where ever possible

The ___ Process Safety Management of Change (MOC)

Management system element
has ISD significance because it
is an opportunity to consider
incorporating ISD concepts

True or False: Since there is a False

substantial impact on the cost
of modification after the design
and construction stage has
been completed, there can be
no further ISD implementation

The last stage of the process Decommissioning

life cycle: