IAL Biology SB2 Assessment 7C

TOPIC 7: RESPIRATION, MUSCLES AND THE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT
Chapter 7C: Control of the internal environment
1 Which of the following statements describe some characteristics of hormones?

(1)
1 Hormones are produced by different exocrine glands.
2 Hormones are secreted into the blood.
3 Each hormone only affects its particular type of receptor.
A 1 and 2 only
B 2 and 3 only
C 1 and 3 only
D 1, 2 and 3
Your answer
(Total for Question 1 = 1 mark)
2 Which row of the table correctly describes the chemical nature of the
hormones?
(1)
ADH Insulin Oestrogen Testosterone

A steroid protein steroid steroid
B steroid steroid protein protein
C protein protein steroid steroid
D protein protein protein steroid
Your answer
(Total for Question 2 = 1 mark)
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3 ADH (antidiuretic hormone) is a short peptide made in the hypothalamus and
stored in the pituitary gland. Its main target tissue is cells making up the walls of
collecting ducts in the kidney.
The diagram shows how ADH causes these cells to reabsorb more water from
the filtrate in the collecting duct.
(a) State from which part of the pituitary gland the ADH is released into the
bloodstream.
(1)
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(b) Explain why only target cells respond to ADH.

(2)
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(c) Name the second messenger involved in the series of events shown in the
diagram.
(1)
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(d) Name the enzyme that catalyses the production of the second messenger.
(1)
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(e) Explain the importance of osmoregulation in animals. (2)
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(f) ADH, like insulin, does not pass into its target cells. Steroid hormones, for
example oestrogen, can pass into their target cells.
Explain why.
(2)
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(g) Desert rats have very long loops of Henle in their kidney nephrons. Suggest
why. (2)
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(Total for Question 3 = 11 marks)
4 Explain the physiological mechanisms that prevent a human athlete from

becoming overheated when running a race. (7)
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(Total for Question 4 = 7 marks)
TOTAL FOR ASSESSMENT = 20 MARKS

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TOPIC 7: RESPIRATION, MUSCLES AND THE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT

Chapter 7C: Control of the internal environment

1 Which of the following statements describe some characteristics of hormones?

ADH Insulin Oestrogen Testosterone

(b) Explain why only target cells respond to ADH.

(Total for Question 3 = 11 marks)

4 Explain the physiological mechanisms that prevent a human athlete from

TOTAL FOR ASSESSMENT = 20 MARKS

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