CONTEMPORARY ARTS IN THE PHILIPPINES

Unit 1:

ENVIRONMENTAL SCANNING

ERYBER ONATO
12-NEWTON
❖ ACTIVITY 1
1. E 6. S
2. A 7. A
3. S 8. S
4. S 9. S
5. E 10. E
❖ ACTIVITY 2
1. False 6. False
2. False 7. False
3. False 8. True
4. True 9. True
5. True 10. True
❖ IDENTIFICATION
✓ SCULPTURE OF SAINTS – THIS WAS STARTED DURING THE SPANISH COLONIAL
ERA. SANTOS WAS THE SCULPTURES THAT THE PEOPLE WAS PATRONIZING AT.
THEY BELIEVED THAT GOD USES THOSE SAINTS AS A WAY TO COMMUNICATE
WITH THE ROMAN CATHOLIC PEOPLE.
✓ TRIBAL RITUAL – THIS WAS STARTED PRE CONQUEST ERA IN THE PHILIPPINES,
WHEREIN PEOPLE HAVE THEIR RITUALS THAT CAME FROM THEIR ANCESTORS.
✓ CONTEMPORARY PAINTING -THIS WAS STARTED IN AMERICAN PERIOD, AS
MUCH AS IT WAS STARTED A LONG TIME AGO. PEOPLE HAVE BEEN EMBRACING
THE ART UNTIL TODAY. MANY OF US ARE EDUCATED WITH TO ALL THE
DIFFERENT FORM OF ARTS THAT WAS AMERICAN PEOPLE INTRODUCED TO US.
❖ ACTIVITY 3. ESSAY TYPE
In April 1992, the Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan or the National Living Treasures Award
was institutionalized through Republic Act No. 7355. Tasked with the administration and
implementation of the Award is the National Commission for Culture and the Arts, the
highest policy-making and coordinating body for culture and the arts of the State.

Eduardo Mutuc is an artist who has dedicated his life to creating religious and secular art in
silver, bronze, and wood. His intricately detailed retablos, mirrors, altars, and carosas are in
churches and private collections. A number of these works are quite large, some exceeding
forty feet, while some are very small and feature very fine and delicate craftsmanship.
Mutuc’s works are more than merely decorative. They add character and splendor to their
setting. His spectacular shiny retablos that decorate an apse or chapel provide focus for
contemplation and devotion while the faithful commune with the Divine in regular church
celebrations.

Teofilo Garcia, is an Ilocano Casque maker from San Quintin, Abra. He is known for crafting
high quality and functional headpiece called “Tabungaw”. Crafting the Tabungaw from
planting and harvesting the upo, refining the uway (rattan) that make up the lining of the
tabungaw, weaving the puser (bamboo) that serves as the accent for the work, and finishing
the work takes up a lot of time. Since he learned the craft, he has not stopped innovating.
Rach handcrafted tabungaw is the product of years of study and careful attention to the
elements that make up the entire piece.

Ginaw Bilog, Hanunoo Mangyan from Mindoro who continually keep scores of ambahan
poetry recorded. Most treasured of his collection are those inherited from his father and
grandfather, sources of inspiration and guidance for his creative endeavors. However, what
distinguishes the rich Mangyan literary tradition from others is the Ambahan, a poetic
literary form composed of sevemn-syllable lines used to convey messages through metaphors
and images.
Lang Dulay is a T’nalak weaver from indigenous community of Tboli in South Cotabato. Using
abaca as fine as hair, she speaks more eloquently than words can. Weaving T’nalak is a tedious
process that begins with stripping the stem of the abaca plant to get the fibers, to coaxing even
finer fibers for the textile, then drying the threads and tying each strands by hand. Her textiles
reflect the wisdom and the visions of her people.
Alonzo Saclag found endless fascination in the sights and sounds of day-to-day village life and
ritual. A Kalinga master of dance and the performing arts, he has made it his mission to create and
nurture a greater consciousness and appreciation of Kalinga culture, among the Kalinga themselves
and beyond their borders. Much of his energy is channeled towardz different preservation efforts.
He has for years urged the members of his community to preserve their artifacts and archeological
sites. He perseveres in his work, braving long hours of travel even in the face of a tribal war.

❖ ACTIVITY 4
1. What does it take to be a National Artist?

A National Artist is someone who contributed to the development of a sense of

nationhood by the content of their work and by pioneering works or styles on future
generations of artists. Being a National Artist is more than simply a title; it entails a
great deal of responsibility and effort. An artist must meet the criteria to identify as a
National artist. These are some explanations:

a. Living artists who have been Filipino citizens for the last ten years before
nomination as well as those who have died after the establishment of the award
in 1972 but were Filipino citizens at the time of their death;
b. Artists who have helped build a Filipino sense of nationhood throughthe
content and form of their works; Artists who have distinguished themselves by
pioneering in a mode of creative expression or style, making an impact on
succeeding generations of artists;
c. Artists who have distinguished themselves by pioneering in a mode of creative
expression or style, making an impact on succeeding generations of artists.
d. Artists who have created a significant body of works and/or have consistently
displayed excellence in the practice of their art form, enriching artistic
expression or style.
e. Artists who enjoy broad acceptance through prestigious national and/or
international recognition, awards in prestigious national and/or International
events, critical acclaim and/or reviews of their works, and/or respect and
esteem from peers within an artistic discipline
2. What qualities should he or she possess?
a. Persistence.
b. Patience d. Passion.
c. Risk Taker. e.. Discipline

3. Enumerate 7 National Artists per areas of specialization.

A. MUSIC B. DANCE C. THEATER

Antonio Buenaventura Francisca Reyes Aquino Daisy Avellana,
Ernani J. Cuenco Leonor Orosa Goquingco Honorata “Atang” de la
Rama
Francisco Feleciano Ramon Obusan Lamberto V. Avellana,
Jovita Fuentes Lucresia Reyes-Urtula Rolando S. Tinio
Honorata “Atang” de la Alice Reyes. Salvador F. Berna
Rama
Jose Maceda Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero,
Severino Montano.
D. FILM E. LITERATURE F. ARCHITECTURE G. VISUAL ARTS
Lamberto V. N.V.M. Gonzalez, Leandro V. Locsin Fernando C.
Abellana Virgilio S. Almario Amorsolo
Lino Brocka Cirilo F. Bautista, Pablo S. Antonio Napoleon Abueva,
Ishmael Bernal Levi Celerio Juan F. Nakpil, Vicente Manansala
Manuel Conde Lazaro Francisco Ildefonso P. Santos Francisco Coching,
Gerardo de Leon Francisco Arcillana Jose Maria V. Victorio C. Edades
Zaragosa.
Ronald Alan K. Poe Carlos P. Romulo Cesar Legaspi,
Eddie S. Romero Edith L. Tiempo Elizalde Navarro,
Bienvenido Lumbera

❖ ACTIVITIES 1
• What local and recyclables materials are used in creating artworks?
o Some or most artists utilize recycled materials to produce aesthetically appealing
works of by converting trash into a masterpiece. Some make recycled plastic bag
compositions or themed works for art galleries, while others build complete theme
parks out of garbage and even furniture out of recycled materials.
• Do you know of any place where we could find examples of these artworks?
o Art samples are all over the world, here is an example of an artist’s self-portrait
made out of an unused tire, old furniture, a mug, a flower pot, an old keyboard, cable
cables, tin cans, colorful bottles, and other scrap material.
• What are the famous “PAHIYAS” made of? What are they made of?
o The term “Pahiyas” is derived from the Filipino word “Payas,” which means “to
adorn.” Their crafts/artworks are constructed from brightly colored leaves known as
‘kipings, which are produced from ground rice, water, sugar, and food colorants.
• Among the folk’s arts. What can you say about how it is made of?
o I find their artworks innovative, and economical because most of them are reusable,
and others are made out of food combined with other materials. I admire their
commitment, patience, and depth of understanding of their culture.
• How would the young generation learn to appreciate the kind of artworks mentioned in
this topic?
o For me, the younger generation should appreciate this sort of artwork because it
tells a narrative – it is a part of history and culture, and it makes Filipinos well known
in other nations. Also, this style of artwork accentuates your creativity and expertise.
 ❖ Search the internet for one particular artwork, then answer the
following questions:

A. Describe the artwork

✓ -Number 5, 1948 is a painting by Jackson Pollock, an American painter known for

his contributions to the abstract expressionist movement. The painting was done
on an 8’ x 4’ sheet of fiberboard, with thick amounts of brown and yellow paint
drizzled on top of it, forming a nest-like appearance. It was originally owned by
Samuel Irving Newhouse, Jr. and displayed at the Museum of Modern Art before
being sold

B. What materials is used by the artist?

✓ POLLOCK USED A UNIQUE METHOD TO MAKE HIS DRIPS.

✓ Rather than working from an easel, Pollock would place his canvas on the ground
and pace around it, applying paint by dripping it from hardened brushes, sticks,
and basting syringes. Pollock had only begun experimenting in this form the year
before No. 5, 1948’s creation, but his style soon became so signature he was
dubbed “Jack the Dripper.”

C. What is the artwork absent?

✓ A bird-nest-like depiction of chaos and a prime example of abstract

expressionism

D. What are colors used in the artwork?

✓ In No. 5, 1948 specifically, viewers can see Pollock’s use of black, white, grey,
red, and yellow overlapping in layers that interweave and cover the entire
surface area. The movement is constant, pooling in larger spots and exploding in
multiple directions at once.

E. Do you see beauty in the artwork?

✓ Yes, The movement is constant, pooling in larger spots and exploding in multiple
directions at once. Although the colors are simple, the directions and conscious
way in which Pollock applied them creates an emotional flow through the lines.
Recently, scholars have shown that Pollock’s angles and implied motions display
mathematical precision.