CONTEMPORARY PHILIPPINE ARTS

FROM THE REGION

Various Art Forms in the Philippines

Quarter 1– Module 2
 VARIOUS ART FORMS IN THE PHILIPPINES

This module intends you to explore and identify the

various forms of art in the Philippines ; visual arts and audio
visual arts. You will also describe and understand how they
practice arts from regions.

In doing this module, the following

are some reminders:

1. Take the pretest before

answering the module.
2. Read the instructions carefully
before doing each task.
3. Answer all the exercises.
4. Take the posttest.
5. Use a separate sheet in
answering all the activities.

1
DIRECTIONS: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. It is depicted as a fowl with colorful wings and feathered

tail, holding a fish on its beak or talons and said to be a
symbol of good fortune.
A. Sarimanok C. Tinikling
B. Itik– Itik D. Maglalatik
2. A carve anito figures from Cordillera which double as
ancestral spirits and granary gods called
A.Yakan C. Bulol
B. Okir D. PAko Rabong
3. Who is one of the earliest recorded painters in Philippine art
history painted the Langit, Lupa at Impierno ca. 1850
(Heaven, Earth and Hell)?
A. Josef Luciano Dans C.Fabian Dela Rosa
B. Fernando Amorsolo D. Jose Joya
4. The Manunggul Jar is an evidence of the high artistic level
which the art attained in an ancient times. Where the jar
excavated?
A. Cagayan C. Davao
B. Palawan D. Bicol
5. The Naga design is said to be ______ in origin.
A. Sunskrit C. Sanskrit
B. Sunkrit D. Sankrit
6. Who developed transparent cubism?
A. Vicente Manansa C. Guillermo Tolentino
B. Napoleon Abueva D. Ildefonso Santos

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7. The __________ folk music is a popular music form that is
unique to the Philippine islands, it is music that is
a combination of both words and music.
A. Kundiman C. Cariñosa
B. Singkil D. Subli

8. It is one of the oldest Filipino dances and is a noble and

difficult dance that is based upon a legend of the Maranao
people of Mindanao that retell the plight of a princess in
the middle of a forest.
A. Tinikling C. Singkil
B. Binasuan D. Oasioas

9. What folkdance where in the dancers "flirt" using a

handkerchief or fan, by playing hide and seek with
them. Part of a wedding ritual, the sabalan lulay, is a
dance that begins with a man dancing around a woman
(his partner) until she consents to dance with him?
A. Sayaw sa Bangko C. Pandanggo sa Ilaw
B. Cariñosa D. Pantomina

10. A folk dance from the northernmost mountain region, is

performed by having a couple swing their arms in the air
to simulate a flying bird while the woman wears a
ceremonial blanket draped around her.
A. Apayao Courtship Dance C. Ragragsakan Dance
B. Idaw Dance D. Banga Dance

11. This spirited dance is basically a balancing act and it is

from Bayambang?
A. Sayaw sa Bangko C. Binasuan
B. Oasioas D. Pandanggo sa Ilaw

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12. What do you called the people who practice tattooing?
A. Pintor C. Pintados
B. Magpipinta D. Pintador

13. Classical Philippine sculpture reached its peak in the

works of Guillermo Tolentino, What is his known
masterpiece?
A. Rizal Monument C. Blood Compact Sculpture
B. Bonifacio Monument D. Lapu-Lapu Shrine

14. He is popularly known for his craftsmanship and mastery

in the use of light, he was born in Paco, Manila , he
earned a degree from the Liceo de Manila Art School in
1909.
A. Juan Luna C. Vicente Manansala
B. Fernando Amorsolo D. Botong Francisco

15. Tattooing was very prevalent among the early Filipinos

which of the following is NOT considered purpose or
symbol/ meaning of tattoo?
A. Religious symbol C. Amulet and talisman
B. Status and rank D. All are considered

4
 In the previous module you
learned what is art and It is the
expression or application of human
creative skill and imagination, typically in
a visual form such as painting or
sculpture, producing works to be
appreciated primarily for their beauty or
emotional power. It also tackled the
functions, purposes, and the various art
forms. There is also an overview of
Philippine art history.

In this lesson you will understand

and know what are the Philippine
various art forms from regions and their
practices.

5
 VARIOUS ART FORMS IN THE PHILIPPINES
VISUAL ART
Painting
In the Philippines, painting is compared to that of its
counterpart in the pacific region. By nature, Filipinos are
imaginative and creative but whatever artifacts available were
eventually lost to oblivion because of two major factors; the first
is that primitive art were made to last for a very short life span.
Maybe because of the medium used such as leaves and bark of
trees which could not withstand the harsh weather, and second
is the coming of the Spanish colonizers left them with no choice
but to give up their way of life and accept the culture of the
Spaniards.
Ethnic Art- This means native or indigenous Philippine design.
This kind of art is influenced by our Southeast-Asian neighbors.
The Ethnic art has curvilinear and linear patterns or design. This
can also be traced from the primitive designs as demonstrated in
Philippine Pre-historic pottery used as surface decorations by
way of painting or engraving.
Folk Art- It means People’s craft as well as handicrafts. This is
basically made by the hands of the common people where the
materials are crafted together that the process itself is also an
art form. The quality and style of this products reflect the way of
life of the makers.

Common Folk Art Motifs

1. The Serpent Demon of the Naga. The Naga design is

said to be Sanskrit in origin. This art has a counterpart in
Indonesia as dragons or mythical serpents. The Naga
has the form of an elaborate mythical serpent with a

6
 vigorous S-curve and numerous curvilinear motifs to
suggest its scales.
2. The Sarimanok. A cultural symbol of Mindanao, and is
highly regarded throughout the country, it was influenced
by Indonesia and Malaysia and is said to have originated
from the middle east. It is depicted as a fowl with colorful
wings and feathered tail, holding a fish on its beak or
talons. It is said to be a symbol of good fortune.

Tattoo Art. Tattooing was very prevalent among the early Filipinos
specially among the people in Central Visayas. Aside from being
used for beautification, tattoo is also a symbol of rank, and is
believed to have magical properties. The practice has become
very common that when the Spaniards arrived they called these
people as “Pintados” .

Modern Influence.
The Spanish friars introduced Western painting in the
Philippines to artisans who learned to copy on two-dimensional
form from the religious icons that the friars brought from Spain,.
For the first centuries of Spanish colonization, painting was limited
to religious icons. Portraits of saints and of the Holy Family
became a familiar sight in churches. Other subject matters include
the passion of Christ, the Via Crucis, the crucifixion, portrayal of
heaven, purgatory and hell.
In the church in Paete, Laguna Josef Luciano Dans (1805-
ca. 1870), probably one of the earliest recorded painters in
Philippine art history painted the Langit, Lupa at Impierno ca.
1850 (Heaven, Earth and Hell), a three-level painting which shows
the Holy Trinity, Mary the Mother of Christ, saints, the Seven
Blessed Sacraments and a macabre depiction of Hell. During the
early part of the Spanish occupation, painting was exclusively for
the churches and for religious purposes. Occasionally, it was also
used for propaganda. Secular subject matter in painting only

7
 its body is an incised geometric pattern of lines and dots.
Extant examples of early Philippine pottery show a wide
variety of shapes and decorative techniques, such an
incision, stippling, openwork and impression by rope and
mat. Their designs were usually geometric with stylized
nature motifs. Later, pottery became more and more
functional, principal examples of which are the palayok for
cooking, the banga and the tapayan for storing liquids. In the
Ilocos, the making of burnay pottery continues as a lively
tradition.

• WoodCarving. Many parts of the country have lively

woodcarving traditions. The Cordillera groups carve anito
figures called bulol which double as ancestral spirits and
granary gods. They are often found in pairs to signify the
value of fertility. Human and animal motifs are also
integrated into parts of houses such as door posts, as well
as household objects such as bowls, forks and spoons. In
Southern Philippines, the Maranao and the Tausog of
Mindanao are known for their okir-a-datu, ornate curvilinear
designs and motifs applied to woodcarving. The principal
okir designs are the sarimanok, the naga and the pako
rabong. The sarimanok carved in wood, simply varnished or
painted in many colors (it is also executed in brass).. The
pako rabong is a stylized growing fern with a broad base
gracefully tapering upwards. Spanish Influence

• Modern Sculptures. Of all the new art forms introduced,

the Filipinos took to sculpture from the Spanish instantly.
The carving of anito was transformed into sculpture of the
saints. These santos were used primarily for the church
altars and retablos. It also replaced the anitos in the altars of
the natives’ homes. The earliest known sculptor in the
Philippines is the 17th century sacristan, sculptor and
silversmith Juan de los Santos (ca. 1590 – ca. 1660) of San

8
 Pablo, Laguna. A few of his extant works may be found at the
San Agustin Convent museum.
Filipino sculptors came to be known in the middle of the
19th century. Classical Philippine sculpture reached its peak in the
works of Guillermo Tolentino (1890-1976). His best known
masterpiece is the Bonifacio Monument, which is a group
sculpture composed of numerous figures massed around a central
obelisk. The principal figure is Andres Bonifacio, leader of the
revolution against Spain in 1896. Napoleon Abueva (born 1930),
one of Tolentino'’s pupils, is one of the pioneering modernists in
sculpture. He used various media. Abueva's most famous work is
Fredesvinda , which was included in the First ASEAN Sculpture
Symposium held in Fort Canning Hill, Singapore, from March 27 to
April 26, 1981 shows the vitality of primitive forms.

Architecture

Ancient Filipinos lived in big settlements along sheltered

bays, coastal areas, and mouths of rivers. Interior settlements
were established at the headwaters and banks of rivers and their
tributaries. The houses were usually constructed side by side
along the river banks or seashores.
Philippine architecture responds to the climate. Although
there are many variations, generally the roof of the first Philippine
houses, nipa huts, or bahay kubo, were high pitched and usually
open gabled to allow for ventilation. The steeply sloping pitch also
protected from the wind and rain in the typhoon season. These
houses were elevated three to four meters of the ground,
supported by wood or bamboo. The structure was usually four-
walled with tukod windows. The Bagobos and Kalingas people
used this type of house for protection from enemies and wild
animals on the ground. In the southern islands of the Philippines
archipelago, the Moros of Mindanao had distinct architecture of
their own. It was brought with them along with the Muslim religion.

9
increased during the 19th century.
Several Filipino painters had the chance to study and
work abroad. Among them were Juan Novicio Luna and Felix
Resureccion Hidalgo who became the first international Filipino
artists when they won the gold and silver medals in the 1884
Madrid Exposition. Luna’s academic painting Spoliarium won
gold medal. It showed the dead and dying Roman Gladiators
being dragged into the basement of the Coliseum. After World
War II, the Neo-Realist school of painting emerged, with such
notable members as Fernando Amorsolo, Vicente Manansala
and others.

Modern Filipino Painters

• Fernando Amorsolo (May 30, 1892 – April 24, 1972) He is

popularly known for his craftsmanship and mastery in the
use of light . Born in Paco, Manila , he earned a degree from
the Liceo de Manila Art School in 1909.

• Vicente Manansa (January 22, 1910 - August 22, 1981)

was a Philippine cubist painter and illustrator. He developed
transparent cubism , wherein the "delicate tones, shapes,
and patterns of figure and environment are masterfully
superimposed

Sculpture

• Pottery. Among our most ancient arts is pottery, which

combines design and function. The Manunggul Jar
excavated in Palawan is evidence of the high artistic level
which the art attained in an ancient times. This large burial
jar has a cover which features two men rowing a boat,
suggesting the belief of the early Filipinos in an afterlife that
one reaches after crossing a mythical body of water. Around

10
Western Influence in the Philippines

• Spanish Period. This period refers to the religious and

civil buildings erected with the style influenced from South
America and Spain. Examples of these are the Catholic
Churches and the famous town of Vigan.
• American Period. Under the American Occupation, many
secular built such as the National Museum and the
National Post Office Buildings. These structures reflect the
neo-classical style of American Architecture.
• Post-Modern. The period of imported architecture. There
is an extensive use of steel and glass which reflect the fast
developing urban community. New building designs that
could cope with the weather is continually developed.

AUDIO-VISUAL ARTS

Performing Arts

The Cultural Center of the Philippines is considered to

be the premiere place for performing arts. It has local and
international world-class guest artists.

Music
The kundiman folk music is a popular music form that
is unique to the Philippine islands. It is music that is
a combination of both words and music.
Contemporary music in the Philippines usually refers to
compositions that have adopted ideas and elements from
twentieth century art music in the West, as well as the latest
trends and musical styles in the entertainment industry. This
brief introduction covers only the works written by the art music
composers.

The modern Filipino repertoire consist of pieces that have

11
been written in twentieth century idioms that have evolved out of
such stylistic movements as impressionism, expressionism,
neo-classism, as well as the so-called avant-garde and New
Music. A good number of these works have utilized the standard
formats of classical European music such as the concerto, the
symphony, the symphonic and tone poems, cantata, and others
and may therefore be broadly categorized as neo-classic. At the
same time, they have also been greatly influenced by the textural
colors of Debussy’s music and the ambiguous and “dissonant”
tonalities of early 20th century expressionist compositions.
Moreover, the sounds of non-Western instruments have been
added to the tonal fabric.
The first modern works that belong to the above descriptions
are attributed to Nicanor Abelardo, who from 1931 till his death
in 1934 produced works that show a dramatic departure from
his highly chromatic–tonal idiom to dissonant and ambiguous
tonalities and complex rhythmic textures. Some of the
representative works of that period are the “Sinfonietta for
Strings” and the “Cinderella” Overture. In Panoramas, a
chamber music suite, Abelardo also experimented on
unorthodox instrumental combinations (flute, violin, viola,
celesta, piano). Two short pieces for piano Dancing Fool and
Malikmata by Antoni Molina, Philippine Suite by Ramon
Tapales, and Mindanao Sketches by Antonio Buenaventura
were isolated works that assumed some degree of modernistic
structural elements, immediately following Abelardo’s output.

Philippine neo-classism is significantly represented by

three names: Eliseo Pajaro, Rosendo Santos and Lucresia
Kasilag. Most of Pajaro’s works (usually bitonally chromatic) are
set in such extended formats as the symphony; concerto;
symphonic ode; e.g. Ode to Academic Freedom; and song
cycles using Filipino folk tunes (Himig Iloko). The prolific
Rosendo Santos, also a versatile performer in the keyboard,
percussion, and wind instruments, has written hundreds of

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compositions for a variety of instruments and instrumental
combinations; e.g. Suite Brevet for clarinet, alto saxophone
and piano, Two Poems for flute, vibes, and
percussion,Etude for six timpanist and multi-percussion,
Fantasy for Contrabass and Harp, and others.

Here are some well-known musicians in the Philippines

include Rodolfo Cornejo, composer and conductor; Antonino
Buenaventura, conductor; and Antonio J. Molina, conductor
and composer.

Dance
Filipinos are also fond of dancing. There are many
variations of dances, both ceremonial and traditional, that are
performed for many different occasions.

There are several types of dance in the Philippines,

those with Muslim or Spanish influences as well as those from
the lowlands and mountains.

With over a million Muslim Filipinos residing mainly on

the island of Mindanao, there are several dances that are
heavily influenced by Islam. A popular dance, the langka-
baluang is one that is performed by male dancers as an angry
monkey. One of the oldest Filipino dances, the singkil is a
noble and difficult dance that is based upon a legend of the
Maranao people of Mindanao. This legend, written during the
14th century, retells the plight of a princess in the middle of a
forest. While she is in there the forest fairies or diwatas start
an earthquake, and only by avoiding trees, along with her
slave, is she finally able to be saved by a prince. Even now,
royal princesses in the Sulu Archipelago are required to learn
this dance. Another ritual is one in which an entire village
participates, the pag-ipat. When a family member is ill, the
belief is that an ancestral spirit (tinunungan) has caused the

13
disease and needs to be appeased. Depending on the severity
of the illness and the financial status of the family, this ritual can
last from a day to several days. A folk healer performs the ritual
while having possession of the spirit.

The Spanish influence in the Philippines brought about

many dances that use a Maria Clara dress (a character in Noli Me
Tangere) and an embroidered long-sleeve short made from
pineapple fibers for their costumes. The Filipinos adapted these
Spanish dances by using bamboo castanets and Asian
fans. Carinosa, which means loveable or affectionate, is a dance
that is known all through the Philippines. The dancers "flirt" using
a handkerchief or fan, by playing hide and seek with them. Part
of a wedding ritual, the sabalan lulay, is a dance that begins with
a man dancing around a woman (his partner) until she consents
to dance with him.

The mountainous areas of the Philippines (Northern Luzon

- Central Cordillera region) are home to numerous tribes that
have many rituals and dances that are an integral part of their
life. Dance is a part of many daily functions from celebrating
good weather to fending off bad luck. The Apayao Courtship
Dance, from the northernmost mountain region, is performed by
having a couple swing their arms in the air to similate a flying bird
while the woman wears a ceremonial blanket draped around
her. The man moves in a way similar to that of a strutting cock
who preens himself. The Kalinga (one of the mountain tribes)
have a bloody tradition that is revered, headhunting. Kayaw,
takes place when a peace pact (budong) between villages is
broken. The village who was affronted is allowed to attack the
other and take as many heads as possible for trophies. A
successful bird hunt is supposed to take place when they listen to
a mysterious bird, Idao.

Possibly the most popular and best known dances are

14
those from the Philippine lowlands. A place of extreme beauty
and love of life and simplicity, the lowlands have a passion for
music. A spirited dance from Bayambang is the Binasuan, which
is basically a balancing act. The dancers skillfully handle
glasses are partially filled with rice wine and usually perform at
birthdays and weddings. Maglalatik, a simulated-war dance, is a
four part dance which starts out with mock-fighting and ends with
reconciliation. Initially a depiction of a fight between the
Christians and Moros, it is also performed as a mark of respect
for San Isidro de Labrador, the patron saint of farmers.

Literature

The flowering of Philippine literature in the various

languages continued with the appearance of new publications
after the Martial Law years and the resurgence of committed
literature in the 1960s and the 1970s.
Filipino writers continued to write poetry, short stories,
novellas, novels and essays whether these are socially
committed, gender/ethnic related or are personal in intention or
not.
The various literary awards such as the Don Carlos
Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature, the Philippines Free
Press, Philippine Graphic, Home Life and Panorama literary
awards encourage the Filipino writer to compete with his peers
and hope that his creative efforts will be rewarded in the long
run.
Nowadays, with the new requirement by the Commission
on Higher Education of teaching of Philippine Literature in all
tertiary schools in the country emphasizing the teaching of the
vernacular literature or literatures of the regions, the audience for
Filipino writers is virtually assured.

15
 ACTIVITY 1
DIRECTIONS: Search for an art of your choice. Paste a picture
of it below. Indicate the maker and the region where he/she is
from. Discuss why you chose this art in 15 sentences.

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 ACTIVITY 2

DIRECTIONS: Examine the painting carefully and answer the

questions below. Write legibly and concisely. Avoid erasures.

https://kahimyang.com/kauswagan/articles/1372/a-small-collection-of-fernando-amorsolos-paintings
Tinikling in barrio, 1951, Oil on canvas by Fernando Amorsolo

1. What words would you use to describe the mood of the people
in this painting ?3pts
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2. Look at the painting. Now close your eyes. Which person in this
painting do you remember the most? Why? 3 pts.
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3. Name the activity that is happening in this picture.2pts

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4. How many objects in the room can you name?2 pts.
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5. How does this painting make you feel? 5 pts
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 ACTIVITY 3

DIRECTIONS: Search for a song/poems/epic. Write it below.

Indicate the maker and the region where it is originated.
Discuss why you chose it in 10 sentences.

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19
Bulol—is an anito figures which double as ancestral spirits and
granary gods carve by the Cordillera group.

Ethnic Art- This means native or indigenous Philippine design.

This kind of art is influenced by our Southeast-Asian neighbors.
Fernando Amorsolo (May 30, 1892 – April 24, 1972) He is
popularly known for his craftsmanship and mastery in the use of
light . Born in Paco, Manila , he earned a degree from the Liceo
de Manila Art School in 1909.

Folk Art- It means People’s craft as well as handicrafts. This is

basically made by the hands of the common people where the
materials are crafted together that the process itself is also an art
form. The quality and style of this products reflect the way of life
of the makers
Guillermo Tolentino Filipino sculptors came to be known in the
middle of the 19th century. Classical Philippine sculpture reached
its peak because of his works (1890-1976). His best known
masterpiece is the Bonifacio Monument.
Kundiman folk music is a popular music form that is unique to
the Philippine islands. It is music that is a combination of both
words and music.
Langka-baluang A popular dance in Mindanao that is performed
by male dancers as an angry monkey.

Napoleon Abueva (born 1930), one of Tolentino'’s pupils, is one

of the pioneering modernists in sculpture. He used various media.
Abueva's most famous work is Fredesvinda , which was included

20
in the First ASEAN Sculpture Symposium held in Fort Canning
Hill, Singapore, from March 27 to April 26, 1981 shows the vitality
of primitive forms.
Tattoo Art. This was very prevalent among the early Filipinos
specially among the people in Central Visayas. Aside from being
used for beautification, tattoo is also a symbol of rank, and is
believed to have magical properties. The practice has become
very common that when the Spaniards arrived they called these
people as “Pintados” .

The Manunggul Jar excavated in Palawan is evidence of the

high artistic level which the art attained in an ancient times. This
large burial jar has a cover which features two men rowing a boat,
suggesting the belief of the early Filipinos in an afterlife that one
reaches after crossing a mythical body of water.
The Serpent Demon of the Naga. The Naga design is said to be
Sanskrit in origin. This art has a counterpart in Indonesia as
dragons or mythical serpents.
The Sarimanok. A cultural symbol of Mindanao, and is highly
regarded throughout the country, it was influenced by Indonesia
and Malaysia and is said to have originated from the middle east.
It is depicted as a fowl with colorful wings and feathered tail,
holding a fish on its beak or talons. It is said to be a symbol of
good fortune.
Resureccion Hidalgo who became the first international Filipino
artists when they won the gold and silver medals in the 1884
Madrid Exposition.
Singkil One of the oldest Filipino dances, it is a noble and difficult
dance that is based upon a legend of the Maranao people of
Mindanao. This legend, written during the 14th century, retells
the plight of a princess in the middle of a forest. While she is in
there the forest fairies or diwatas start an earthquake, and only by

21
avoiding trees, along with her slave, is she finally able to be
saved by a prince

Vicente Manansa (January 22, 1910 - August 22, 1981) was a

Philippine cubist painter and illustrator. He developed transparent
cubism , wherein the "delicate tones, shapes, and patterns of
figure and environment are masterfully superimposed

22
I. Multiple Choice: Directions: Choose the correct answer.

1. What dance is a part of a wedding ritual that begins with a

man dancing around a woman (his partner) until she
consents to dance with him.
A. sabalan lulay C. Itik– Itik
B. Oasioas D. Binasuan
2. Who is the Filipino composer who made the Mindanao
Sketches that assumed some degree of modernistic
structural elements?
A. Ryan Cayabyab C. Antonio Buenaventura
B. Antoni Molina D. Rosendo Santos
3. It is a simulated-war dance, is a four part dance which starts
out with mock-fighting and ends with reconciliation, initially
a depiction of a fight between the Christians and Moros, it
is also performed as a mark of respect for San Isidro de
Labrador, the patron saint of farmers.
A. Moro-Moro C. Tinikling
B. Maglalatik D. Singkil
4. Who is one of the pioneering modernists in sculpture?
A. Fernando Amorsolo C. Napoleon Abueva
B. Juan Delos Santos D. Guillermo Tolentino
5. It is basically made by the hands of the common people
where the materials are crafted together that the process
itself is also an art form.
A. Folk Art C. Ethnic Art
B. Graphic Art D. Cinematic Art.
6. Who is this prolific, and also a versatile performer in the
keyboard, percussion, and wind instruments, has written
hundreds of compositions for a variety of instruments and
instrumental combinations?
A. Antonio Abueva C. Rosendo Santos
B. Anonio Molina D. Damian Domingo

23
7. Which of the following dances reflects the simple life of the
people in the barrios. It depicts common work, daily activities
of the peasants?
A. Musilim Dances C. Cordillera Dances
B. Rural Dances D. Urban Dance
8. What is Juan Luna’s academic painting that won gold medal
it showed the dead and dying Roman Gladiators being
dragged into the basement of the Coliseum.
A. Spolarium C. Spolliarium
B. Spollarium D. Spoliarium
9. Who among of them is NOT a composer or conductor?
A. Rodolfo Cornejo C. Damian Domingo
B. Antonino Buenaventura D. Antonio J. Molina,
10. It is one of the oldest Filipino dances and is a noble and
difficult dance that is based upon a legend of the Maranao
people of Mindanao that retell the plight of a princess in the
middle of a forest.
A. Singkil B. Sabalan Lulay
B. Kayaw D. Tinikling

II. Directions: TRUE or FALSE. Write TRUE if the statement is

correct and FALSE if is wrong. Write your answer on the
space provided.

________1. The most popular and best known dances are

those from the Philippine mountainous areas
________2. American period is where architecture adopted.
________3. Southern Philippines, the Maranao and the Tausog
of Mindanao are known for their anito that ornate curvilinear
designs and motifs applied to woodcarving.
________4. Tattooing was very prevalent among the early
Filipinos specially among the people in Central Visayas.
________5. Philippine architecture responds to the climate.

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• Godinez-Ortega, Christine. The Literary Forms in
Philippine Literature. http://www.seasite.niu.edu/
• https://www.scribd.com/doc/80135145/Development-of-
Visual-Art-in-the-Philippines-5
• https://ncca.gov.ph/about-ncca-3/subcommissions/
subcommission-on-the-arts-sca/music/contemporary-
music/
• http://www.asianinfo.org/asianinfo/philippines/
performing_arts.htm
• https://www.scribd.com/doc/230197866/Philippine-
Literature
• Tagalog/Literature/literary_forms_in_philippine_lit.htm

PREPARED BY:

RACHELL B. VERZOSA, LPT

Teacher II
Dagupan City National High School

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