O P JINDAL SCHOOL - RAIGARH (C.

G)

DATE: 22.09.2021 CLASS - X

SUBJECT: SOCIAL SCIENCE PREP. BY: J. TAYE & A. SHARAN

QUESTION BANK SET 1

CHAPTERS INCLUDED:

History: Chapter 1. The rise of Nationalism in Europe.

Geography: Chapter 1. Resources and Development

Chapter 3. Water Resources (Map Work)

HISTORY: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1. The liberal nationalism stands for:

(a) freedom for the individual and equality before law.
(b) preservation of autocracy and clerical privileges.
(c) freedom for only male members of society and equality before law.
(d) freedom only for senior citizens.

2 .Who among the following formed the secret society called ‘Young Italy’? (a) Otto
von Bismarck
(b) Giuseppe Mazzini
(c) Mettemich
(d) Johann Gottfried Herder

3.The term ‘Universal Suffrage’ means:

(a) the right to vote and get elected, granted only to men.
(b) the right to vote for all adults.
(c) the right to vote and get elected, granted exclusively to property owning men.
(d) the right to vote and get elected, granted only to educated men and women.

4.Which of the following is not a feature or belief of ‘Conservatism’?

(a) Conservatives believe in established, traditional institutions of state and policy.
(b) Conservatives stressed the importance of tradition and preferred gradual
development to quick change.
(c) Conservatives proposed to return to the society of pre-revolutionary days and
were against the ideas of modernisation to strengthen monarchy.
(d) Conservatives believed in the monarchy, church, and other social hierarchies.

5.The Treaty of--------- recognized Greece as an independent nation:

(a) Vienna 1815
(b) Constantinople 1832
(c) Warsaw 1814
(d) Leipzig 1813

6.Who said ‘When France sneezes, the rest of Europe catches cold’?
(a) Garibaldi
(b) Bismarck
(c) Mazzini
(d) Duke Metternich

7.What happened to Poland at the end of 18th century. Which of the following
answers is correct?
(a) Poland achieved independence at the end of the 18th century.
(b) Poland came totally under the control of Russia and became part of Russia.
(c) Poland became the part of East Germany.
(d) Poland was partitioned at the end of the 18th century by three Great Powers:
Russia, Prussia and Austria.

8.Who played the leading role in the unification of Germany?

(a) German Emperor (formerly King of Prussia) — Kaiser William I.
(b) Otto Von Bismarck (Prussian Chief Minister).
(c) Johann Gottfried Herder — German philosopher.
(d) Austrian Chancellor — Duke Metternich.

9.Three wars over seven years with Austria, Denmark, Germany and France,
ended in
(a) Danish victory
(b) Prussian victory
(c) French victory
(d) German victory

10.Who was proclaimed the emperor of Germany in 1871?

(a) Otto Von Bismarck
(b) Victor Emmanuel II
(c) Count Cavour
(d) Kaiser William I of Prussia
11.Who became the King of United Italy in 1861?
(a) Giuseppe Garibaldi
(b) Victor Emmanuel II
(c) Count Cavour
(d) Giuseppe Mazzini

12.What helped in the formation of a nation-state in Britain?

(a) The formation of a nation-state in Britain was the result of a sudden upheaval.
(b) In 1688, the monarchy in Britain had seized the power from English Parliament.
(c) The parliament through a bloodless revolution seized power from the monarchy
which gradually led to the emergence of a nation-state.
(d) The British nation was formed as a result of a war with Scotland and Wales.

13.Who was responsible for the unification of Germany?

(a) Count Cavour
(b) Bismarck
(c) Garibaldi
(d) Giuseppe Mazzini

14.The allegory of the German nation who wears a crown of oak leaves was a:
(a) Marianne
(b) Union Jack
(c) Britannia
(d) Germania

15.A large part of Balkan region was under the control of:
(a) Russian empire
(b) Ottoman empire
(c) German empire
(d) Habsburg rulers

16. When did the French Revolution start?

A. 1789
B. 1879
C. 1780
D. 1769

17.What was the political situation in France at the time of Old regime?
A. Democracy
B. Republic
C. Sovereign State
D. Absolute Monarchy
 18.What emphasised the notion of a united community enjoying equal rights
under a constitution?
A. la patrie (the fatherland) and le citoyen (the citizen)
B. French people in common
C. French Flag
D.idea of one nation state

19. How many colours did the new French flag have?
A. two
B. tricolour
C. 4 colours
D. single colour

20. By whom was the Estates General elected?

A. men and women
B. active citizens
C. women
D. senior citizens

21. What was the new name of the Estates General?

A. Federal Assembly
B. States Assembly
C. National Assembly
D. Peoples Assembly

22. What actions were taken in the name of the nation?

A. army was formed
B. social work was done
C. hymns were composed, oaths taken and martyrs commemorated, custom
duties were abolished
D. regular meetings were held

23. What type of an administrative system was set up under Napoleon?

A. Federal administrative system
B. Centralised administrative system
C. Regional administrative system
D. Decentralised administrative system

24. Regional dialects in France were discouraged and………….., became the

common language of the nation.
A. English
B. Polish language
C. French
D. Italian

25. What mission did the revolutionaries declare as the destiny to the French
people?
A. to liberate the peoples of Europe from despotism - to help other peoples of
Europe to become nations.
B. to make a one nation state
C. to become a democracy
D. to become sovereign

26. What happened when the news of the events in France reached the different
cities of Europe?
A. There was tumult
B. the people did not know how to react
C. students and other members of educated middle classes began setting up
Jacobin clubs
D. there was confusion and dissatisfaction in the air

27. What was the purpose of the Jacobin clubs?

A. to demoralise the people
B. to speak against France
C. to hold activities and campaigns
D. to socialise among different races

28.What was the result of the activities and campaigns held at the Jacobin clubs?
A. prepared the way for the French armies to move to different countries
B. they brought about unrest in the society
C. they brought about crime and destruction
D. there was immediate peace

29. Which countries did the French armies move into?

A. Holland, Belgium, Switzerland and much of Italy
B. Holland and Italy
C. Holland and Belgium
D. Switzerland and Italy

30. What idea did the French armies carry abroad through the revolutionary wars?
A. Despotism
B. Nationalism
C. War Strategies
D. Violence and bloodshed
31. What did Napoleon do in the territory that was under his control?
A. set about introducing many reforms
B. set about war strategies
C. worked for peace
D. worked towards democratic ideas

32. What type of rule was carried out in France during Napoleon’s time?
A. Federal rule
B. Democracy
C. Monarchy
D. Republic

33. Napoleon had, no doubt, destroyed …………...in France.

A. Monarchy
B. Democracy
C. Federal rule
D. Sovereignty

34. What did Napoleon do to make the system efficient and rational in France?
A. in the administrative field he had incorporated revolutionary principles
B. brought about different reforms
C. worked on military
D. worked on the financial conditions

35. What was the Civil Code of 1804 also known as?
A. the Administrative Code
B. Code of Justice
C. the Napoleonic Code
D. the National Code

36. What did the Civil Code of 1804 bring about?

A. Right by birth to all facilities of state
B. did away with all privileges based on birth, established equality before the law
and secured the right to property.
C. no right to property
D. No right to equality
37. Which regions was the Civil Code exported to?
A. Switzerland and Italy
B. Italy and Germany
C. Switzerland and Germany
D Dutch Republic, in Switzerland, in Italy and Germany

38. What did Napoleon do in the rural areas of those regions he occupied?
A. simplified administrative divisions, abolished the feudal system and freed
peasants from serfdom and manorial due
B. made administration strict
C. encouraged the feudal system
D. put taxes on the peasants

39. What changes did Napoleon bring about in the towns?

A. guild restrictions were removed. Transport and communication systems were
improved. Peasants, artisans, workers and new businessmen enjoyed a new-
found freedom.
B. Transport and communication systems were improved.
C. Peasants, artisans, workers and new businessmen had to pay tax
D. guild restrictions remained as they were

40. In mid-eighteenth-century Europe what was the status of Germany, Italy and
Switzerland?
A. they were divided into kingdoms, duchies and cantons whose rulers had their
autonomous territories
B. they were sovereign states
C. they were democracies
D they were republics
41.When did Napoleon invade Italy?
A. 1777
B.1797
C. 1787
D 1767
42.Which territories were included under the Habsburg Empire?
A. Alpine regions – the Tyrol, Austria Hungry and the Sudetenland ,
Bohemia, Lombardy and Venetia
B. Tyrol, Austria and the Sudetenland
C. Bohemia, Lombardy and Venetia
D. Sudetenland , Bohemia, Lombardy
 43. When did Industrialisation take place in France and parts of the German
states?
A. 18th century
B later 18th century
C. nineteenth century
D. mid 18th century
44. What is Liberalism?
A. ‘liberalism’ derives from the Latin root liber, meaning free- freedom for the
individual and equality of all before the law.
B. end of autocracy
C. equal rules for all
D. liberty to the upper classes

45.What is Suffrage?
A. Right to property
B. Right to Justice
C. Right to vote
D. Right to complain
46.In revolutionary France, the right to vote and to get elected was granted
exclusively to ………………….
A. property-owning men
B. all
C. Men and women
D. upper class

47. A merchant travelling in 1833 from Hamburg to Nuremberg to sell his goods
would have had to pass through ……………….
A. 11 customs barriers
B. no custom barriers
C. 6 custom barriers
D. 3 custom barriers

48 . When was the custom union or zollverein formed at the initiative of Prussia
and joined by most of the German states?
A. 1836
B. 1834
C. 1837
D 1835
49. What did the customs union or zollverein do?
A. abolished tax
B. abolished tariff barriers and reduced the number of currencies from over thirty to
two
C. abolished tariff charges and reduced the currencies to 5
D.only abolished tariff barriers

50. When was Napoleon defeated?

A. 1815
B. 1820
C. 1817
D. 1821
Ans-1815

ASSERTION AND REASON

DIRECTION : Mark the option which is most suitable :

(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of
assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation
of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

51.Assertion : Italy was divided into seven states, of which only one was ruled by an Italian
princely house.
Reason : The north was under the domination of the Bourbon kings of Spain.
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of
assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of
assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) Both assertion and reason are false.

52.Assertion : Germany, Italy and Switzerland were divided into kingdoms, duchies and
cantons whose rulers had their autonomous territories.
Reason : They were closely bound to each other inspite of their autonomous rule.
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of
assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of
assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) Both assertion and reason are false.
53.Assertion : Giuseppe Mazzini worked with the conservatives for the monarchy.
Reason : Italy had to continue to be a patchwork of small states and kingdoms.
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of
assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of
assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) Both assertion and reason are false.

54.Assertion : Culture played an important role in creating the idea of the nation.
Reason : Weavers in Silesia had led a revolt against contractors who supplied raw
material and gave them orders for finished textiles but drastically reduced their
payments.
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of
assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of
assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) Both assertion and reason are false.

55.Assertion : From the very beginning, the French revolutionaries introduced various
measures and practices like the idea of la patrie and le citoyen.
Reason : This was done to create a sense of collective identity amongst the French
people.
(a) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of
assertion.
(b) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of
assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) Both assertion and reason are false.

PICTURE BASED

56.The image given below is the Pact Between Nations, a print prepared by
Frédéric Sorrieu, 1848.What was his series of painting called?
 A. Worldwide Democratic and Social Republics
B. Democratic Republic
C. World Democracy
D. None of the above

57.In the picture given below are Giuseppe Mazzini and the founding of
Young Europe in Berne 1833.
What did Mazzini believe ?

A. God had intended nations to be the natural units of mankind

B. He intended nations to be the natural units of society
C. People intended nations to be the natural units of mankind
D. God had created kingdoms to be the natural units of mankind

58.The image below is a cover of German almanac. Who designed the cover ?
 A. Journalist Andreas Rebmann
B. Chief minister Ottovon Bismarck
C. Revolutionary Garibaldi
D. King Kaiser William i

59.The subject of this image is painted by German painter Karl Kaspar Fritz. What
does it depict?

A. Occupation of the town of Zweibrücken by the French armies.

B. Occupation of Rhineland by French armies
C. A ritual celebrated by French armies after victory
D. None of the above.

60.The French painter Delacroix was one of the most important French Romantic
painters. This huge painting depicts an incident in which 20,000 people were
killed. Where did this incident took place?

A. Chios in Greece
 B. Sofia in Bulgaria
C. Bucharest in Romania
D. Belgrade in Serbia

61.What does this caricature of Otto von Bismarck in the German reichstag
(parliament) depicts ?

A. Addressing the parliament

B. Dictating the parliament
C. Cleaning the parliament
D. Teaching the parliament

62.Here Garibaldi is helping King Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia-Piedmont to pull

on the boot named ‘Italy’. What does this caricature depicts?

A. He was the man to crown him as emperor of Italy.

B. Gaibaldi was the most celebrated freedom fighter.
C. He supported Victor Emmanuel II in his efforts to unify the Italian states
D. None of the above.

SOURCEBASED
 63 ‘A nation is the culmination of a long past of endeavours, sacrifice and
devotion. A heroic past, great men, glory, that is the social capital upon which
one bases a national idea. To have common glories in the past, to have a
common will in the present, to have performed great deeds together, to wish
to perform still more, these are the essential conditions of being a people. A
nation is therefore a large-scale solidarity … Its existence is a daily
plebiscite … A province is its inhabitants; if anyone has the right to be
consulted, it is the inhabitant. A nation never has any real interest in annexing
or holding on to a country against its will. The existence of nations is a good
thing, a necessity even. Their existence is a guarantee of liberty, which would
be lost if the world had only one law and only one master.’

In context to the source what does existence of daily plebiscite means ?

A. the direct vote of all the members of an electorate on an important public
question such as a change in the constitution.
B. Peoples rejection to government policies.
C. Demonstration of strike and rallies to protest.
D. None of these

64.Economists began to think in terms of the national economy. They talked

of how the nation could develop and what economic measures could help
forge this nation together.
Friedrich List, Professor of Economics at the
University of Tübingen in Germany, wrote in 1834:
‘The aim of the zollverein is to bind the Germans economically into a nation.
It will strengthen the nation materially as much by protecting its interests
externally as by stimulating its internal productivity. It ought to awaken and
raise national sentiment through a fusion of individual and provincial
interests. The German people have realised that a free economic system is
the only means to engender national feeling.

What is zollverein ?
a. Customer union
b. Custom union
c. Labour union
 d. Workers union

65.The Grimm Brothers: Folktales and Nation-building

Grimms’ Fairy Tales is a familiar name. The brothers Jacob and Wilhelm
Grimm were born in the German city of Hanau in 1785 and 1786 respectively.
While both of them studied law, they soon developed an interest in collecting
old folktales. They spent six years travelling from village to village, talking to
people and writing down fairy tales, which were handed down through the
generations. These were popular both among children and adults. In 1812,
they published their first collection of tales. Subsequently, both the brothers
became active in liberal politics, especially the movement for freedom of the
press. In the meantime they also published a 33-volume dictionary of the
German language.
The Grimm brothers also saw French domination as a threat to German
culture, and believed that the folktales they had collected were expressions
of a pure and authentic German spirit. They considered their projects of
collecting folktales and developing the German language as part of the wider
effort to oppose French domination and create a German national identity.

Why did the Grim brothers began collecting old folktales

A. collecting folktales and developing the German language
B. expressions of a pure and authentic German spirit.
C. create a German national identity
D. All the above

66.Giuseppe Garibaldi (1807-82) is perhaps the most celebrated of Italian

freedom fighters. He came from a family engaged in coastal trade and was
a sailor in the merchant navy. In 1833 he met Mazzini, joined the Young Italy
movement and participated in a republican uprising in Piedmont in 1834. The
uprising was suppressed and Garibaldi had to flee to South America, where
he lived in exile till 1848. In 1854, he supported Victor Emmanuel II in his
efforts to unify the Italian states. In 1860, Garibaldi led the famous Expedition
of the Thousand to South Italy. Fresh volunteers kept joining through the
course of the campaign, till their numbers grew to about 30,000. They were
popularly known as Red Shirts.
In 1867, Garibaldi led an army of volunteers to Rome to fight the last obstacle
to the unification of Italy, the Papal States where a French garrison was
stationed. The Red Shirts proved to be no match for the combined French
 and Papal troops. It was only in 1870 when, during the war with Prussia,
France withdrew its troops from Rome that the Papal States were finally
joined to Italy.

How do we know garibaldi from the above context ?

A. He was the man to crown him as emperor of Italy.
B. Gaibaldi was the most celebrated freedom fighter.
C. He supported Victor Emmanuel II in his efforts to unify the Italian states
D. Both b and C

Geography
Multiple Choice Questions:

01. The resources which are obtained from biosphere and have life are called
(a) Biotic
(b) Abiotic
(c) Renewabble
(d) None of these

02. Which of the following is not classified on the basis of status of development?
(a) Potential resource
(b) Developed resource,
(c) Stock and Reserves
(d) Renewable resource

03. Individual, community, National and International resources are classified on the
basis of
(a) origin
(b) exhaustibility
(c) ownership
(d) status of development

04. The ocean resources beyond 200 nautical miles is classified under which zone?
(a) Exclusive Economic Zone
(b) National Oceanic Zone
(c) Special Economic Zone
(d) None of the above

05. The territorial waters that extend upto 12 nautical miles from the base of a coast of a
country is ____________ resource.
(a) National resource
(b) International resource
(c) Exclusive economic zone
(d) none of these

06. Which of the following is essential for sustainable existence of all forms of life?
(a) Resource extraction
(b) Resource management
(c) Resource planning
(d) Resource generation

07. Area sown more than once in an agricultural year plus net sown area is known as
(a) Fallow land
(b) Gross cropped area
(c) Net sown area
(d) Arable land

08. Which state among the North-Eastern states has been fully surveyed for its land use?
(a) Arunachal Pradesh
(b) Manipur
(c) Tripura
(d) Assam

09. Which of the following soil is more common in piedmont plains such as Duars, Chos
and Terai?
(a) Black soil
(b) Laterite soil
(c) Alluvial soil
(d) Red soil

10. Which soil is also known as regur soil?

(a) Alluvial soil
(b) Red soil
(c) Black soil
(d) Laterite soil

11. Black soils are generally poor in

(a) Phosphoric content
(b) Moisture
(c) Potash
(d) Calcium carbonate

12. Where are red soils mostly found?

(a) Northern Plains
(b) Desert regions
(c) Eastern parts of Peninsular Plateau
(d) Western Parts of Peninsular plateau

13. Laterite soil is mainly found in

(a) Western Rajasthan
(b) Western Ghats
(c) Eastern coastal plains
(d) Regions with low rainfall.

14. The lower horizons of the arid soil is occupied by kankar due to increasing
(a) Phosphorous content
(b) Potash content
(c) Lime, potash and phosphorous content
(d) Calcium content.

15. In the snow covered areas of Himalayas, which of the following soil experiences
denudation and is acidic in nature with humus content?
(a) Laterite soil
(b) Black soil
(c) Alluvial soil
(d) Forest soil

16.......... soils are generally sandy in texture and saline in nature.

(a) Laterite solil
(b) Arid soll
(c) Red soil
(d) Alluvial soil

17. The land becomes unfit for cultivation is known as..........

(a) Fallow land
(b) Bad land
(c) Deserted land
(d) Waste land

18. The running water cuts through the clayey soils and makes deep channels as _____?
(a) valleys
(b) gullies
(c) deltas
(d) estuaries

19. Identify the correct reason for the formation of gullies in bad lands.
(a) Formed when running water cuts through soils making deep channels.
(b) When water flows over large areas down a slope.
(c) When moving wind blows away loose soil of flat lands.
(d) Formed when ploughing is done in a wrong way.

20 ...... is a strip cropping

(a) Planting two different crops.
(b) Planting cash crops
(c) Planting trees in a line
(d) Cultivating making steps

21. Complete the following table with correct information with regard to forest soil.
Soil Soil texture Areas where found Humus content
Forest soil Loamy and Silty (a) ___________________ (b) _________________

(a) Hills/mountain, low

(b) Plain, low
(c) Desert. high
(d) Plateau, low

22. Which of the following pair is not correctly matched?

(a) Alluvial soil-ideal for sugarcane and paddy
(b) Black soll-cotton
(c) Laterite sol-cashewnut
(d) Red soil - Wheat and Bajra

24. Which one of the following pair is correctly matched?

(a) Biotic Resource - Rocks
(b) Abiotic Resource-Flora and Fauna
(c) Renewable Resource-Solar Energy
(d) Non-renewable Resource - Wind Energy

25. Which of the following is not correctly matched?

(a) Sheet erosion - Top soil is washed away
(b) Wind erosion - wind blows loose soil of flat land
(c) Land not available for cultivation - arable land
(d) Soil ideal for cotton - Regur soil

Q26. The process of transformation of things available in our environment involves an

interactive relationship between ………………………………………… ?
A. Nature and technology
B. nature, technology and institutions
C. Environment and nature
D. Environment and technology

Q27. How are resources classified?

A. On the basis of origin
B. On the basis of utility
C. On the basis of distribution
D. On the basis of potential

Q28. Give examples of National resources?

A. plots, houses
B. public parks, playgrounds, grazing grounds, burial grounds
C. oceanic resources
D. land, minerals, water resources, forests, wildlife

Q29. What are potential resources?

A. resources which can be renewed or reproduced
B. Resources which are found in a region, but have not been utilised
C. Resources which are surveyed and their quality and quantity have been determined for utilisation
D. those things which are composed of non-living things

Q30. What are developed resources?

A. Resources which are surveyed and their quality and quantity have been determined for utilisation
B. resources which can be renewed or reproduced
C. those things which are composed of non-living things
D. Resources which are found in a region, but we do not have the technology to use.

Q31. What is stock?

A. resources which can be renewed or reproduced
B. Resources which are found in a region, but have not been utilised
C. Materials in the environment which have the potential to satisfy human needs but human beings
do not have the appropriate technology to access these
D. solar and wind energy, water, forests and wildlife

Q 32. What are fallow Lands?

A. Land left uncultivated for 2-3 years.
B. land on which farming is done from 2-3 years.
C. Land put to non-agricultural uses
D. Land under miscellaneous tree crops.

Q 33. What is the total geographical area of India?

A. 3.52 million sq km
B. 3.82 million sq km
C. 3. 48 million sq km
D. 3. 28 million sq km

Q 34. Waste land includes………………………

A. Land left without cultivation for one or less than one agricultural year
B. Land put to non-agricultural uses
C. rocky, arid and desert areas
D. Land left uncultivated for the past 1 to 5 agricultural years

Q35 What type of a resource are rocks?

A. Abiotic
B. Renewable
C. Potential
D. Biotic

Q36. Strip cropping prevents_____________ .

A. soil fertility.
B. erosion from wind.
C. erosion from the force of water
D. all of these.

Q37. Water in the dams and forests etc. is a ………….. resource which can be used in the future
with the available technology?
A. Potential
B. Reserve
C. Stock
D. Developed

Q38. What are shelter belts?

A. Cultivating making steps
B. Planting lines of trees to create shelter
C. Planting huge bush plants in deserts
D. Planting near water bodies.

PICTURE BASED QUESTIONS

Q39.. Which type of erosion is depicted in the picture given below?

a) Sheet erosion
(b) Glacial erosion
(c) Gully erosion
(d) Wind erosion

Q40. Identify the soil which develop deep cracks during dry spells?

A. Red soil
B. Regur soil
C. Arid soil
D. Alluvial soil

Q41. Look at the image and identify the method of soil conservation?
(a) Strip cropping
(b) Shelter belt
(c) Terrace farming
(d) Afforestation

42. Match the following.

List A List B
A. Laterite soil 1. High moisture retention
B. Black soil 2. Intensively cultivated
C. Alluvial soil 3. Source of salt
D. Arid soil 4. Formed by leaching

A B C D
(a) 1 4 2 3
(b) 4 2 3 1
(c) 4 1 2 3
(d) 2 4 3 1

43. Match the following.

List A List B
A. Coal 1. National resources
B. Burial Grounds 2. Biotic
C. Railways 3. Community owned resources
D. Wind and running water 4. Continuous resources

A B C D
(a) 2 3 1 4
(b) 3 2 4 1
(c) 4 1 2 3
(d) 2 4 3 1

Assertion/Reason based questions:

Directions: In the given question, there are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and
Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct code.

44. Assertion (A): The denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down is described
as soil erosion.
Reason (R): Soil erosion takes place only in hilly regions.
Codes
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true

45. Assertion (A) The lower horizon of the arid soil is occupied by kankar.
Reason (R) It is because of the increasing calcium content downwards in arid soil.

Codes
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and Rare true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true

46. Assertion (A): Wind blows loose soil off from flat or sloping land is known as wind erosion.
Reason (R): Soil erosion is also caused due to defective methods of farming.

Codes
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and Rare true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true

47. Assertion (A): The laterite soil develops under tropical and sub-tropical climate with
alternate wet and dry season.
Reason (R): This soil is formed by the depositional activity of the river.
Codes
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true
48. Assertion : Terrace cultivation does not restrict erosion.
Reason : Running water cuts through the clayey soils and makes deep channels as gullies
which help us to cultivate crops.

Codes
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) Both A and R are false.

49. Assertion : Land is a natural resource of utmost importance.

Reason : Land can be used only for agricultural purposes.

Codes
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and Rare true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true

50. Assertion : The availability of resources is not the only necessary condition for the
development of any region.
Reason: Not only availability of resources but also corresponding change in technology is
necessary for development of any region.

Codes
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true

51. Assertion : Controlling on mining activities doesn’t control land degradation.

Reason: In states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, land degradation has occurred due
to overgrazing, not mining.

Codes
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true

Source Based Questions

52. Read the source and answer the following questions.

Everything available in our environment which can be used to satisfy our needs provided, it is
technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable can be termed as
'Resource'.
The process of transformation of things available in our environment involves an interactive
relationship between nature, technology and institutions. Human beings interact with nature
through technology and create institutions to accelerate their economic development. Do you
think that resources are free gifts of nature as it assumed by many? They are not. Resources
are a function of human activities. Human being themselves are essential components of
resources. They transform material available in our environment into resources and use them.

(i) Which among the following can be counted as a resource?

(a) Livestock
(b) Wind mill
(c) Railway lines
(d) All of the above

(ii) When nature gets transformed in different ways, then which of the following takes
place?
(a) Economic development
(b) Resource planning
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the above

(iii) Human beings interact with nature through which of the following?
(a) Institutions
(b) Resources
(c) Technology.
(d) None of these

53. Read the source and answer the following questions.

Individual Resources These are also owned privately by individuals. Many farmers own land
which is allotted to them by government against the payment of revenue. In villages there are
people with land ownership but there are many who are landless. Urban people own plots,
houses and other property Plantation, Pasture lands, ponds, water in wells etc. are some of the
examples of resource ownership by individuals.

Community Owned Resources There are resources which are accessible to all the members of
the community. Village commons (grazing grounds, burial grounds, village ponds, etc.) public
parks, picnic spots, playgrounds in urban areas are de facto accessible to all the people living
there.

(i) Which of the following is true about Individual resources?

(a) It can be owned by many.
(b) It can be purchased from government.
(c) It can be operated by community
(d) It can be operated by head of the village

(ii) Which of the following is not the example of individual resource?

(a) Ponds
(b) House
(d) Public parks
(c) Pasture lands

(iii) A landless farmer possesses which type of resource?

(a) Abiotic resource
(b) Non renewable resource.
(c) Community owned resource
(d) Individual resource.

(iv) Some places in urban areas like parks, cremation grounds etc. can be classified
into which resource?
(a) Potential resource
(b) Community owned resource
(c) National resource
(d) Individual resource

54. Read the source and answer the following questions.

Resource planning is a complex process which involves
(i) Identification and inventory of resources across the regions of the country. This involves
surveying, mapping and qualitative and quantitative estimation and measurement of the
resources.
(ii) Evolving a planning structure endowed with appropriate technology, skill and institutional set
up for implementing resource development plans.
(iii) Matching the resource development plans with overall national development plans.
India has made concerted efforts for achieving the goals of resource
planning right from the First Five Year Plan launched after Independence. The availability of
resources is a necessary condition for the development of any region, but mere availability of
resources in the absence of corresponding changes in technology and institutions may hinder
development. There are many regions in our country that are rich in resources but these are
included in economically backward regions. On the contrary there are some regions which have
a poor resource base but they are economically developed.

(i) Why resource planning is necessary?

(a) For equal distribution of resource
(b) For conservation of resource for future generation
(c) To avoid further destruction of the Environment
(d) All of the above

(ii) Inspite of having lot of natural resources, India’s development shows ........
(a) advanced technology
(b) good availability of resources
(c) lack of resource planning
(d) All of the above

(iii) Why many regions of India are rich in resources but economically backward?
(a) Unequal distribution of resource
(b) Lack of resource planning
(c) Poor quality of resource
(d) Because of large population
(iv) Why certain regions despite having poor amount of sources are well developed?
(a) Region have better resource planning
(b) Unequal distribution of resources
(c) Region have less density of population
(d) good quality of resources

55. Read the source and answer the following questions.

We live on land, we perform our economic activities on land and we use it in different ways.
Thus, land is a natural resource of utmost importance. It supports natural vegetation, wildlife,
human life, economic activities and transport and communication systems. However, land is an
asset of a finite magnitude, therefore, it is important to use the available land for various
purposes with careful planning. India has land under a variety of relief features, namely;
mountains, plateaus, plains and islands. About 43 per cent of the land area is plain, which
provides facilities for agriculture and industry. Mountains account for 30 per cent of the total
surface area of the country and ensure perennial flow of some rivers, provide facilities for
tourism and ecological aspects. About 27 per cent of the area of the country is the plateau
region. It possesses rich reserves of minerals, fossil fuels and forests.

(i) Land supports natural vegetation, wildlife and human population so land is .........
resource.
(a) Developed
(b) Potential
(c) Natural
(d) Man made

(ii) Careful planning of land resource in India is needed as ..........

(a) India has a variety of resources
(b) land is finite
(c) land is of utmost importance
(d) All of the above

(iii) Which of the following will not be a proper utilisation of land resource?
(a) Developing tourist places in mountains
(b) Constructing canals near perennial rivers
(c) Planting trees near mines
(d) Setting up industries on fertile land
(iv) The plateau region of India can be developed as..........
(a) Industries
(b) Extraction of minerals
(c) Both A and B
(d) None of these

56. Read the source and answer the following questions.

Alluvial soil is the most widely spread and important soil. In fact, the entire Northern plains are
made of alluvial soil. These have been deposited by three important Himalayan river systems-
the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra. These soils also extend Rajasthan and Gujarat
through a narrow corridor. Alluvial soil is also found in the Eastern coastal plains particularly in
the deltas of the Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Krishna and the Kaveri rivers.
The alluvial soil consists of various proportions of sand, silt and clay. As we move inlands
towards the river valleys, soil particles appear some what bigger in size. In the upper reaches of
the river valley i.e. near the place of the break of slope, the soils are coarse. Such soils are
more common in piedmont plains such as Duars, Chos and Terai. Apart from the size of their
grains or components, soils are also described on the basis of their age. According to their age
alluvial soils can be classified as old alluvial (Bangar) and new alluvial (Khadar). The Bangar
soil has higher concentration of kanker nodules than the Khadar soil. It has more fine particles
and is more fertile than the Bangar.

(i) Which of the following is not correct statement about Alluvial Soil?
(a) It is most abundant type of soil in India
(b) Alluvial soil is generally fertile
(c) They are mostly found in the western coastal plains.
(d) They are classified as Khadar and Bangar.

(ii) Which of the following soil has the largest area covered in India?
(a) Alluvial soil
(b) Black soil
(c) Laterite soil
(d) Forest soil

(iii) Alluvial soil is also known as

(a) Regur soil
(b) Khadar soil
(c) Bangar soil
(d) Both (b) and (c)

(iv) The Khadar soils are found in

(a) flood plains
(b) near the river bed.
(c) over plateau
(d) in the foot hills of mountains.

57. Fill in the blanks:

i) Resources are classified as renewable and Non renewable on the basis of ________________

ii) Resources which are surveyed and their quantity and quality have been determined for
utilisation are known as _____________ resource.

iii) ____________ soil develops due to high temperature and evaporation.

iv) A land is said to be culturable waste land if it is left uncultivated for more than --------------
agricultural years

v) The First International Earth Summit was held in the year ____________,

vi) ________ percentage of land is plains in India.

vii) Everything available in our environment which can be used to satisfy our needs can be
termed as resource, provided it is technologically accessible, economically feasible and
______________ acceptable.

vii) Materials in the environment which have the potential to satisfy human needs but human
beings do not have the appropriate technology to access these are known as _____________.

viii) ____________________ soil has self aeration capacity.

ix) The ____________ soil consists of sand, silt and clay.

x) ______________________ Soil is formed by intense leaching.

Map Questions:
Q58. Features are marked by numbers in the given outline map of India. Identify these
features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines
marked in the map.
1. A major soil type
2. Soil type that is formed where the rainfall is low
3. Soil type found mainly in hill slopes

Options: (choose in correct sequence)

A. Arid soil, Laterite soil, Montane soil.

B. Arid soil, Red soil, Montane and forest soil.

C. Alluvial soil, Red soil, Laterite soil.

D. Black soil, Laterite soil, Arid soil.

59. Features are marked in the given outline map of India. Identify these features with the
help of the following information and write their correct names.
A. These soils are generally sandy in texture and saline in nature.
B. The soil develops under tropical and subtropical climate with alternate wet and dry season in heavy
rainfall areas.
C. They are well-known for their capacity to hold moisture and develop deep cracks during hot weather.
D. This soil develops on crystalline igneous rocks in areas of low rainfall in the eastern and southern parts
of the Deccan plateau. .
E. These soils are found in the hilly and mountainous areas where sufficient water is available.

OPTIONS: (choose in correct sequence)

A. Arid soil, Alluvial soil, Black soil, Laterite soil, Montane soil.
B. Arid soil, Alluvial soil, Black soil, Red soil, Montane soil.
C. Arid soil, Red soil, Black soil, Laterite soil, Montane soil.
D. Arid soil, Laterite soil, Black soil, Red soil, Montane soil.

Q60. On the given political map of India, “A” and “B” are marked as Dams.
Identify it from the following options.
OPTIONS:
A. Salal and Sardar Sarovar
B. Salal and Rana Pratap Sagar
C. Tehri and Sardar Sarovar
D. Tehri and Rana Pratap Sagar.

Q61. Features are marked by numbers in the given outline map of India. Identify these
features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines
marked in the map.
1. A dam constructed across the Tungabhadra river.
2. A dam on river Krishna.
3. A dam on river Chambal
4. Identify the dam constructed across Mahanadi river.
5. Identify the dam constructed across Satluj river.

OPTIONS: (choose in correct sequence)

A. Tungbhadra, Nagarjun Sagar, Rana Pratap Sagar. Hirakud, Tehri.

B. Nagarjun Sagar, Tungbhadra, Sardar Sarovar, Hirakud, Bhakhra Nangal.
C.Tungbhadra , Nagarjun Sagar, Rana Pratap Sagar, Hirakud, Bhakhra Nangal.
D.Tungbhadra , Nagarjun Sagar, Rana Pratap Sagar,Bhakhra Nangal , Tehri.

THE END