The History of Tourism and Hospitality

Early Tourism

- The term “tourism” was used in the 19th century

- “Tourism” is derived from the Hebrew word torah which means studying, learning, or searching.

EARLY CIVILIZATIONS

- Most people traveled only for their own benefit

- It was dangerous to travel.
- People traveled by foot to most places.
- Tribes traveled for trading, shelter, food and pleasure.

CIVILIZATION DEVELOPED

- The strongest tribes controlled the resources of an area.

- The populaces of many areas were enslaved by the conquerors and had their possessions took.
- The Sumerians and the Phoenicians people, looked to increase their wealth instead of fighting.
- Early trade routes were created, coinage and made maps were introduced, all making it easier for
people to travel.

4800 B.C. - A.D. 300

- The Egyptians, the Greeks and the Romans made advancements that made traveling easier.
- People became encouraged to travel, attracted to the big beautiful cities created by the Egyptians.
- Traveling was now encouraged and allowed people to get an education.

ROMAN ERA

- By 400 B.C., the Roman Empire had expanded into an entire nation.
- The Roman Empire built more than 80 000km of roads throughout Europe.
- Making it much easier access to the different areas. This made traveling much more convenient for
everyone.
- For the first time in history, travel was easy and safe for everyone.
- The Romans took care of tourists by building taverns, restaurants and entertainment places in their
cities.
MIDDLE AGES

- Kingdoms were spread across the land, where royal families ruled. Fearing their powers, merchants
began to travel into the countryside.
- Selling goods and merchandise to new lands made it new and exciting for merchants.
- Interest in these items gave people a new sense of curiosity and desire to learn of these foreign
places, this helped humanity through the "dark ages."

17th - 19th CENTURY

- England's nobility decided to send their sons to the Continent for better education.
- This taught the sons important skills that they would need once they inherit their father’s estates.
- The Sons learned different languages, financial skills and became knowledgeable in religion and
legal matters.
- Unlike today, these trips lasted for several years instead of days.

1800-1939

- Tourism changed dramatically during the Industrial Revolution.

- Machines in the hands of workers helped focus an agrarian lifestyle changed to a industrial one.
- A middle class emerged with the new industrial economy.
- They now had the opportunities to travel because of the money they made.
- One of the most major changes during this era was the steam engine and the automobile.

1903-1930s

- Besides the steamship, steam trains and automobile, air travel made its first appearance during this
time.
- Air routes were made over land and sea were reduced from months of travel to days of travel.
- All of those inventions helped people travel when they wanted on their own time to various places.
- People were able to travel independently because of automobiles.
- Tourism again began to grow, and was now faster than ever.

WORLD WAR II

- The break of war in 1940s caused travel to become dangerous again.

- Travel for pleasure was rare during the war.
- For the people who returned, came back with the knowledge of other cultures to share, sparking an
interest in these foreign places.
- Even with limited travel during the Second World War, there were many technological
advancements.
- Planes and automobiles were created faster, bigger and more comfortable.
AFTER WORLD WAR II

- After the war had ended, modernized machines that were built for the war remained as
transportation.
- This allowed tourism to grow again into a bigger and better industry.
- Transportation systems were now safer and more accessible than before.
- Nations that had already be industrialized had a higher income rate as well as more leisure time.
- All of these new progresses of tourism combined with the use of all around common currency
helped make tourism what it is today.

MODERN DAY TOURISM

- Tourism today is at its highest, with people traveling from their homes to all over the world.
- The hospitality and tourism industry made its way all around the world, with hotels and rest stops
everywhere.
- Even with traveling as popular as ever, some events with tourism have changed the way we travel.
- Several major attacks have made travel some more difficult problems.
- Airlines have changed to be stricter on what you can bring on-board and what you can’t not.
- Tourism has become a big target for terrorists.
- Even though tourism can be dangerous it has been and most likely will stay very popular and grow
as an industry and a hobby.

Source:

http://www.timetoast.com/timelines/history-of-hospitality-and-tourism-by-michael-wood
OVERVIEW

EARLY CIVILIZATIONS

- During Early Civilizations people travelled by foot due to the lack of transportation methods.
Instead of travelling for pleasure, most people travelled only for their own benefit, such as to find
food or to find shelter from stronger tribes and rough weather. However, when the time came
some tribes did travel for other reasons, either for business purposes like trading or just for
pleasure, such as travelling in order to perform religious celebrations and socialize with others.

CIVILIZATION DEVELOPED

- As civilization developed, hospitality began to change. The strongest tribes controlled the
resources of an area leaving little for other inhabitants. The populaces of many areas were
enslaved by the conquerors and were stripped of their possessions. Two groups of people,
known as the Sumerians and the Phoenicians, seek to increase their wealth instead of fighting.
They established early trade routes, introduced coinage and made maps, making it easier for
people to travel.

4800 B.C. - A.D. 300

- Once again, travelling became easier thanks to the advancements made by the major empires
of this time period; the Egyptians, the Greeks and the Romans. For the first time, people were
encouraged to travel and were attracted to the beautiful cities created by the Egyptians. During
this time, there were much more reasons to travel. Trading wasn't new, but travelling now
allowed people to complete government business and get an education.

ROMAN ERA

- By 400 B.C., the Roman Empire had expanded into an entire nation, lasting for around 800
years. Even though the Roman Empire in no more, they still have influence in many parts of the
world. Since the Romans were spread all across Europe, they needed an efficient way to get
around. The Roman Empire built more than 80 000km of roads throughout Europe. This allowed
much easier access to the different areas throughout Roman territory, making travelling much
more convenient.
- With the help of their roadways, the Romans brought their culture, language and way to life to
many different parts of the world. With a strong government, the Romans were capable of
establishing laws that provided peace and security to the people. For the first time in history,
travel was easy and safe. The Romans also took care of tourists by building taverns, restaurants
and entertainment facilities throughout their cities. Once Rome lay in ruins, travel became less
and less popular.

MIDDLE AGES

- During the Middle Ages, kingdoms were spread across the land, where royal families ruled
under one law. Fearing these powers, merchants began to travel into the countryside, including
the famous Marco Polo. He travelled between Europe and the Far East, selling goods and
merchandise that was new and exciting as it came from foreign land. Interest in these items
gave people a new sense of curiosity and desire to learn of these foreign places, helping
humanity through these "dark ages."
17th - 19th CENTURY

- During this time period, an event arose that is still present in today's society. "Le Grand Tour"
occurred when England's nobility decided to send their sons to the Continent due to the lack of
education at home. The event taught the sons important skills that they would need once they
took hold of their father’s estates. They learned different languages, financial skills and became
knowledgeable in religion and legal matters. Unlike today, the trip lasted for several years
instead of days.

1800-1939

- Tourism underwent a dramatic change during the Industrial Revolution. By introducing machines
into the hands of workers, the focus of an agrarian lifestyle changed to an industrial one,
meaning the use of machines became much more frequent. With a new industrial economy
came an emerging middle class; a class that had regular opportunities to travel due to the
money they made and the time they acquired. Major changes during this era include the steam
engine and the automobile.

1903-1930s

- Aside from the introduction of steamships, steam trains and the automobile, air travel also made
its first appearance. All of these inventions allowed people to travel on their own time and to
various destinations. For the first time, people could travel independently thanks to the
automobile. Focusing back on air travel, the air routes established over land and sea were
reduced from months of travel to mere days of travel. Tourism had once again begun to grow,
and was now faster than ever.

WORLD WAR 11

- With the outbreak of the war around the 1940s, travel once again became dangerous. It seemed
that every time tourism became popular, a single event had the power to change that. People
rarely travelled for pleasure during the war. In fact, many families were pulled from their homes
to either escape war or fight in the war. Those who returned, came back with the knowledge of
other cultures to share with friends and family, sparking an interest in these foreign places.
- Even though travel was limited during the Second World War, many technological
advancements regarding travel and transportation were made. Planes and automobiles were
being created faster, bigger and even more comfortable, as these traits were necessary in order
for the Allies to reign supreme.

AFTER WORLD WAR II

- Even after the war had ended, the modernized machines that were built for the war remained as
transportation. This allowed tourism to once again, begin to grow into a bigger and better
industry. Nations that had already industrialized had a higher income rate as well as more
leisure time. Transportation systems were safer and more accessible than ever before.
Together, these new aspects of tourism pared with the use of all around common currency
helped make tourism what it is today.

MODERN DAY TOURISM

- Today, tourism is at its peak, with people travelling from their homes to places of all corners of
the earth. The hospitality and tourism industry had made its way all around the globe, with
 hotels and rest stops appearing almost anywhere you go. Even though travelling is as popular
as ever, certain events regarding terrorism have changed the way we travel. Several major
attacks, such as the attack on the World Trade Center, have made travel a more tiring ordeal.
- Airlines have become very strict as to what you can and can't bring on-board. Some may find
this to be annoying, but safety is a number one priority in the hospitality and tourism industry.
Tourism itself has become a target for terrorists, and it's hard to say when it will stop, if it ever
does stop. However, even with all these negative events occurring throughout the world, tourism
has remained a popular, and will only continue to grow as an industry and a hobby.

Source:

http://www.timetoast.com/timelines/history-of-hospitality-and-tourism-by-michael-wood