Bsi BS 1685 - 2008 - 699050670108

BS 1685:2008
Incorporating Corrigendum No. 1
BSI British Standards
Bevel protractors (mechanical
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and optical) – Requirements
and test methods
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BS 1685:2008 BRITISH STANDARD
Publishing and copyright information

The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the
document was last issued.
© BSI 2009
ISBN 978 0 580 68740 2
ICS 17.040.30
The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:

Committee reference TDW/4
Draft for comment 08/30177880 DC
Publication history
First published May 1951
Second edition November 2008
Amendments issued since publication
Amd. No. Date Text affected
C1 August 2009 See foreword
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BRITISH STANDARD BS 1685:2008
Contents
Foreword ii
1 Scope 1
2 Nomenclature 1
3 Normative references 1
4 Material 1
5 General design and workmanship 2
6 Body 2
7 Stock 3
8 Blade 4
9 Acute angle attachment 4
10 Graduations 4
11 Marking 6
12 Case 6
List of figures
Figure 1 – Nomenclature for mechanical bevel protractors 2
Figure 2 – Nomenclature for optical bevel protractors 3
Figure 3 – Blade 3
Figure 4 – Zero position 5
Figure 5 – Length of graduations 5
Figure 6 – Section through scale and vernier 5
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Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover,
pages i to ii, pages 1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover.

© BSI 2009 • i
Foreword
Publishing information
This British Standard is published by BSI and came into effect on
30 November 2008. It was prepared by Technical Committee TDW/4,
Technical, product realization (TPR). A list of organizations represented
on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.
Supersession
This British Standard supersedes BS 1685:1951, which is withdrawn.
Information about this document

This new edition has been fully revised to bring it up to date.
The start and finish of text introduced or altered by Corrigendum No. 1
is indicated in the text by tags PQ.
Presentational conventions
The provisions of this standard are presented in roman (i.e. upright)
type. Its requirements are expressed in sentences in which the
principal auxiliary verb is “shall”.
Commentary, explanation and general informative material is
presented in smaller italic type, and does not constitute a normative
element.
Contractual and legal considerations

This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions
of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from
legal obligations.
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ii • © BSI 2009

1 Scope
COMMENTARY ON 1: The fitting This standard relates to the following types of bevel protractors:
of an acute angle attachment is
a) Mechanical.
optional.
Type A. With vernier graduated to read to five minutes of arc,
and with slow motion device, and acute angle attachment.
Type B. With vernier graduated to read to five minutes of arc, but
without slow motion device or acute angle attachment.
Type C. With scale graduated in degrees, without vernier or slow
motion device or acute angle attachment.
b) Optical. With an internal circular scale which is graduated in
NOTE Attention is drawn to the divisions of 10 minutes of arc1) and read against a fixed index line
fact that the metric dimensions are or vernier by means of an optical magnifying system integral with
not necessarily direct conversions the instrument, enabling readings to be taken, by estimation or
of the imperial dimensions. otherwise, to approximately two minutes of arc.
2 Nomenclature
For the purpose of this standard the nomenclature indicated in
Figure 1 and Figure 2 has been adopted for mechanical and optical
types of bevel protractors respectively.
NOTE With the exception of the requirements for graduations, which
are set out in detail in Clause 10, the following clauses apply both to
mechanical and optical types of bevel protractors.
3 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the
application of this document. For dated references, only the edition
cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
BS 869, Specification for Toolmakers’ flats and high precision surface
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plates
BS EN 12540, Corrosion protection of metals — Electrodeposited
coatings of nickel, nickel plus chromium, copper plus nickel and
copper plus nickel plus chromium
BS EN ISO 18265, Metallic materials — Conversion of hardness values
4 Material
All parts of the protractor which constitute working parts shall be made
of good quality steel which may, if desired, be of the stainless type.
The working edges of the blade or blades and the acute angle
attachment shall have a diamond pyramid hardness number of
not less than 450 (45 Rockwell C scale) or equivalent according to
BS EN ISO 18265.
1) Present known instruments are graduated to 10 minutes of arc but other

suitable values of graduation arc permissible.

© BSI 2009 • 1
The blade section of the protractor shall be manufactured in one

continuous length from carbon steel, carbon steel matt chrome
plated in accordance with BS EN 12540 or rust-resisting steel. The steel
shall be hardened and tempered and shall have a hardness of 450 to
550 HV or equivalent according to BS EN ISO 18265.
5 General design and workmanship

The general workmanship and finish shall be good throughout.
The rotational movement shall be smooth and Type A protractors
shall incorporate a thumb pinion or other suitable device to assist in
fine setting. The design shall incorporate an effective clamp and no
change in reading shall be observed on clamping.
6 Body
The protractor shall be so designed that the back of the body is flat
and that there are no projections beyond the plane of the back. When
the protractor is placed on its back on a surface plate or toolmakers’
flat conforming to BS 869, there shall be no rocking perceivable to the
naked eye.
When the protractor is placed with the working edge of the stock on
a surface plate or toolmakers’ flat conforming to BS 869 and the blade
set at 90°, the side of the blade and the back of the protractor body
shall be square laterally with the surface plate or toolmakers’ flat to
within 0.075 mm per 25 mm/0.003 in. per inch.
Figure 1 Nomenclature for mechanical bevel protractors
P 4
1 5
6
7
2
3 8
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11 12 10 9 Q
NOTE The illustrations are diagrammatic only, and are not intended
to illustrate details of design.
Key
1 Blade lock nut 5 Working edge 9 Working edge
2 Turret 6 Acute angle attachment 10 Body
3 Main lock nut 7 Lock nut 11 Scale
4 Blade 8 Stock 12 Vernier
2 • © BSI 2009
Figure 2 Nomenclature for optical bevel protractors
P 1
2
3
4
7
5
6
8
9
10
11 Q
NOTE The illustrations are diagrammatic only, and are not intended
to illustrate details of design.
Key
1 Blade 5 Acute angle attachment 9 Eyepiece
2 Body 6 Lock nut 10 Main clamp
3 Turret 7 Stock 11 Working edge
4 Working edge 8 Blade clamp
Figure 3 Blade
60˚ 45˚
1
Key
1 PLength of bladeQ
7 Stock
NOTE The thickness of The working edge of the stock shall be not less than 90 mm/3½ in
4.8 mm/3⁄16 in for mechanical long and shall have a thickness of not less than 4.8 mm/3⁄16 inch in the
types has been adopted to case of mechanical types, and not less than 6 mm/¼ in in the case of
accommodate the present optical types. It shall be straight to 0.010 mm/0.000 4 in.
practice of manufacturers but it
is desirable that the minimum Any departure from true straightness shall be in the nature of a
thickness should be 6 mm/¼ in. concavity, the extent of which shall not exceed 0.01 mm/0.000 4 in.
when measured over the total span of the surface concerned.
© BSI 2009 • 3
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8 Blade
The blade shall be either 150 mm/6 in or 300 mm/12 in long. The
ends of the blade shall be bevelled in the manner illustrated
in Figure 3 to 60° and 45° respectively, and shall be accurate to
within ± 5 minutes of arc.
The blade shall be not less than 14 mm/17⁄32 in wide and not less
than 1.25 mm/0.05 in thick.
The blade shall be so designed that it can be moved along the turret
throughout its whole length, and also be reversed. An effective
method of clamping shall be provided.
The sides of the blade or blades shall be flat to within
0.125 mm/0.005 in and 0.25 mm/0.010 in for the 150 mm/6 in
and 300 mm/12 in blades respectively.
The working edges of the 150 mm/6 in blades shall be straight
to 0.010 mm/0.000 4 in and parallel to P0.012 5 mm/0.000 5 inQ
over their lengths.
The working edges of the 12 in/300 mm blades shall be straight
to 0.020 mm/0.000 8 in and parallel to 0.025 0 mm/0.001 in over
their lengths.
9 Acute angle attachment

The working edge of the acute angle attachment shall be not
less than 75 mm/3 in long and the thickness shall correspond to
that of the blade. The working edge shall be straight to within
P0.005 mm/0.000 2 inQ and, according to the type of attachment,
shall be parallel with, or square to, the working edge of the stock to
within 0.012 5 mm/0.000 5 in over the length of the attachment in all
its positions.
10 Graduations
a) Mechanical types. The diameter of the graduated circle shall be
not less than 50 mm/2 in at the reading edge.
The protractor may be so designed that the scale is either on the
body or on the turret.
The scale shall be graduated either as a full circle marked 0-90-0-90
(four quadrants) with one vernier, or alternatively as a semicircle
marked 0-90-0 with two verniers 180° apart. All verniers shall read
in both directions. One zero position shall be when the blade
is parallel to the stock (see Figure 4). The acute angle reading
shall then be zero, or 90°, according to the type of acute angle
attachment with which the protractor is fitted.
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All graduations shall be clearly engraved. The thickness of the

graduations shall be neither less than 0.064 mm/0.002 5 in nor
more than 0.09 mm/0.003 5 in. The thickness of the graduations of
the vernier and main scale shall be equal, as observed by the eye.
The visible length of the shortest graduations on both the scale
and vernier (dimensions L, Figure 5) shall be approximately equal
to twice the width of the interval between adjacent lines.
The distance from the face of the scale to the face of the vernier or
zero index (dimension T, Figure 6) shall not exceed 0.10 mm/0.004 in.
4 • © BSI 2009
Figure 4 Zero position
Figure 5 Length of graduations
0 10 20 30
10 40
20
L1
5 30 15 0 15 30 45
60 4 60
L2
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Figure 6 Section through scale and vernier
Protractors without verniers shall be graduated in degrees, and

the error of indication in any position of the blade shall not
exceed plus and minus one-fifth of a degree.
Protractors with verniers shall be graduated to read direct to five
minutes of arc, and the error of indication in any position of the
blade, including the use of the acute angle attachment if fitted,
shall not exceed plus and minus five minutes of arc.

© BSI 2009 • 5
NOTE It is recommended that, for ease of reading, the scale and

vernier should have a dull chromium finish.
b) Optical type. The scale shall be graduated as a full circle marked

0-90-0-90 (four quadrants). The zero positions shall be when the
blade is parallel to the stock. The acute angle reading shall then
be zero or 90°, according to the type of acute angle attachment,
when fitted.
All graduations shall be clearly defined. The thickness of the
graduations shall be equivalent to not less than one minute and
not more than two minutes of the circle. The thickness of the
graduations of the scale and the index line or vernier shall be
equal, as observed through the optical system.
The scale and index line or vernier shall be in focus in the optical
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system simultaneously.
It shall be possible to adjust the focus of the optical system to
accommodate normal variations in eyesight (including vision
corrected by spectacles, or contact lenses) and the field of view shall
appear clearly illuminated when the instrument is held to a light.
The error of indication of the protractor in any position of the
blade, including the use of the acute angle attachment if fitted,
shall not exceed two minutes of arc.
11 Marking
Each protractor shall have legibly and permanently engraved upon it
the manufacturer’s name or trade mark and an identification number.
12 Case
Each protractor shall be supplied in a suitable protective case or box.
6 • © BSI 2009
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BS 1685:2008

Incorporating Corrigendum No. 1

BSI British Standards

Bevel protractors (mechanical

NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW

raising standards worldwide™

Publishing and copyright information

ISBN 978 0 580 68740 2

The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:

Amendments issued since publication

Amd. No. Date Text affected

C1 August 2009 See foreword

Copyright British Standards Institution

Copyright British Standards Institution

Information about this document

Contractual and legal considerations

ii • © BSI 2009

1) Present known instruments are graduated to 10 minutes of arc but other

Copyright British Standards Institution

The blade section of the protractor shall be manufactured in one

5 General design and workmanship

Figure 1 Nomenclature for mechanical bevel protractors

Figure 2 Nomenclature for optical bevel protractors

Copyright British Standards Institution

9 Acute angle attachment

All graduations shall be clearly engraved. The thickness of the

Figure 4 Zero position

Figure 5 Length of graduations

Figure 6 Section through scale and vernier

Protractors without verniers shall be graduated in degrees, and

Copyright British Standards Institution

NOTE It is recommended that, for ease of reading, the scale and

b) Optical type. The scale shall be graduated as a full circle marked

Copyright British Standards Institution

British Standards Institution (BSI)

Revisions Information on standards

BSI Group Headquarters

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Amd. No. Date Text affected