Guna Table

Sattva Rajas Tamas

Chapter – 14
1 Nature 6,7, 8 stainlessness is luminous and nature of passion, the source to be born of ignorance,
Tatra satwam nirmalatwat, prakaasakamanaamayam healthy of thirst (for sensual deluding all embodied
Sukha sangena badhnati, jnaana sangena chanagha. enjoyment) and attachment beings
Rajo o raagaatmakam vidhi, trushnaa sanga
samudbhavam
Tannibadhnaati kownteya, karma sangena dehinam.
Tamastwajnanajam vidhi, mohanam sarva dehinam
Pramaadaalasya nidraabhihi, tannibadhnaati bhaarata.

2 Bondage to knowledge and to to action To heedlessness, sleep and

happiness indolence
3 Attachment 9 happiness action, Shrouding knowledge,
Satwam sukhe sanjayati, rajah karmani bharata attaches to heedlessness
Jnana maavrutya tu tamaha, pramaadee sanjayatyutaha only
4 Exhibits 11, 12, 13 through every gate (sense) in Greed, activity, the Darkness, inertness,
Sarva dwaareshu deheesmin, prakaasha upajaayate this body, the wisdom-light undertaking of actions, heedlessness and delusion
Jnaanam yadaa tadaa vidhyaat, vivrudham satvamityuta. shines, restlessness, longing
Lobha pravritti raarambhaha, karmanaamasamah
spruhah
Rajasyetaani jaayante, vivrudhe bharatarshabh.
Aprakaashoo pravruttttischa, pramaadoo moha eevacha
Tamasyetaani jaayante, vivrudhe kurunandana.
5 Attainment after death 14,15 attains to the spotless worlds born among those who are born in the womb of the
Yadhaa satwe pravrudhetu, pralayam yaati dehabhrut of the knowers of the Highest attached to action; senseless
Tadottama vidan lokan, amalan prati padyate.
Rajasi pralayam gatwaa, karma sangishu jaayate
Tadha praleenastamasihi, mood yoonishu jaayatee.

6 Fruit of action 16 pure pain ignorance

Karmanoossukrutasyaahuhu, savikam nirmalam phalam
Rajasastu phalam dhukham, ajnanam tamasahphalam.
7 Outcome 17 knowledge greed heedlessness and delusion
Satwat sanjayate jnanam, rajaso lobha eva cha
Pramaada mohoo tamasoo, bhavatoojnanamevacha
8 Movement 18 proceed upwards dwell in the middle go downwards
Urdhwam gacchanti satwastaha, madhye tistanthi rajasaha
Jaghany gunavrittisthaha, adhoo gachanti tamasaaha.
9 Display 22 Light activity delusion
Prakaashamcha pravrittincha, mohamevacha Pandava
Nadwesti sampravrittaani, na nivrittaani kamkshati
Chapter – 17
1 Shraddha – the faith 4 Devas Yaksha and Rakshasa Preta and Bhutagana
Yajante satwikaa dewaan, yaksharakshamsi raajasaaha
Pretan bhuutaganaanschaanye, yajantee taamasaa janaaha.
2 Ahara – food 8, 9, 10 increase life, purity, strength, bitter, sour, saline, excessively stale, tasteless, putrid,
Aayu satwa balaaroogya, sukha preeti vivardhanaaha health, joy and cheerfulness, hot, dry, pungent and burning, rotten and impure refuse
Rasyaaha snigdhaaha, sthiraa hridyaaha, aahaaraa ssaattvwika which are oleaginous and and are productive of pain,
priyaaha savoury, substantial and grief and disease
Kttwaamla lavanaatyushna, teekshna, rooksha vidaahinaha agreeable
Aahaaraa raajasa syeeshtaaha, dhukha shokaamaya pradaaha.
Yaatayaamam gata rasam, pootiparyushitam cha yat
Uchishta mapi chaa medhyam, bhojanam taamasa priyam.

3 Yajna – Yajna 11, 12, 13 without desire for reward as seeking a reward and for which is contrary to the
Aphalaakankshibhiryajnoo, vidhi dristoo ya ijyate enjoined by the ordinance ostentation ordinances of the scriptures,
Yastavya meveti manaha, samaadhaya sa saatwikaha. (scripture), with a firm faith that in which no food is
Abhisandhaayatu phalam, dambhartha mapi chaiva yat to do so is a duty distributed, which is devoid
Ijyate bharata sresta, tam yajnam vidhi raajasam. of Mantras and gifts, and
Vidhi heenamsrustaannam, mantraheenamadakshinam which is devoid of faith
Shradhaavirahitam yajnam, taamasam parichakshatee.
4 Tapas – austerity 17, 18, 19 steadfast men with the utmost with the object of gaining out of a foolish notion, with
Sradhayaa parayaa taptam, tapastat trividham naraihi faith, desiring no reward good reception, honour and self-torture, or for the
Aphalaakankshibhiryuktaih, saatwikam parichakshate. worship and with hypocrisy, purpose of destroying
Satkaara maana poojardham, tapoo dambhena chaiva yat unstable and transitory another
Kriyate tadiha proktam, raajasam chalamadhruvam.
 Moodha graahenaatmanoo yat, peedayaa kriyate tapaha
Parasyootsaadanaardham vaa, tattamasamudaahrutam.

5 Danam – charity 20, 21, 22 given to one who does nothing made with a view to receive given at the wrong place
Daatavyamiti yaddhanam, deeyateenupakaarinee in return, knowing it to be a something in return, or and time to unworthy
Desee kaleecha patre cha, taddaanam satwikam smrutam. duty to give in a fit place and looking for a reward, or given persons, without respect or
Yattu pratyupakaarardham, phalamuddhishya vaa punaha time to a worthy person reluctantly with insult
Dheeyatee cha pariklistam, tadrajasamudaahrutam.
Adeshakaale yaddhanam, apaatrebyascha dheeyate
Asatrutamavajnaatam, tattamasamudaahrutam.

Chapter - 18
1 Tyaga – renunciation 7,8,9 merely because it ought to be on account of the fear of from delusion
Niyatasya tu sanyaasaha, karmanoopapadyatee done, abandoning attachment bodily trouble (because it is
Mohaattasya parityaagaha, taamasaha parikeertitaha. and also the desire for reward painful), one does not obtain
Dhukha mityeva yatkarma, kaayaklesha bhayaat tyajet the merit of renunciation
Sa krutwaa raajasam tyaagam, naiva tyaaga phalam labhet.
Kaarya mityeva yat karma, niyatam kriyateerjuna
Samgam tyaktvaa phalam chaiva, sa tyaagassaatvikoo mataha.
2 Jnana – knowledge 20, 21, 22 sees the one indestructible sees in all beings various clings to one single effect as
Sarva bhuteshu ye naikam, bhaavamavyayameekshate Reality in all beings, not entities of distinct kinds as if it were the whole, without
Avibhaktam vibhakteshu, tad jnaanam vidhi saatvikam. separate in all the separate different from one another reason, without foundation
Prudhakvena tu yat jnanam, naanaa bhaavaan prudhagvidhan beings in Truth, and trivial
Veetti sarveshu bhooteshu, tadjnanam vidhi raajasam.
Yattu krutsnava dekasmin, kaaryesakta maheetukam
Atattvaardhava dalpam cha, tattaamasamudaahrutam.
3 Karma – action 23,24,25 action which is ordained, which action which is done by one action which is undertaken
Niyatam sangarahitam, araagadveshatahkritam is free from attachment, which longing for the fulfilment of from delusion, without
Aphalaprepsunaakarma, yattat satwika muchyatee. is done without love desires or gain, with regard to the consequences
Yattu kaamepsunaa karma, saahamkarena vaa punaha or hatred by one who is not egoism or with much effort of
Kriyatee bahulaayaasam, tadraajasamudaahritam. desirous of any reward loss, injury and (one’s own)
Anubandham kshayam himsam, anapekshyacha pourusham ability
Mohaadarabhyatee karma, yattat taamasamuchyatee.
4 Karta – doer 26, 27, 28 free from attachment, non- Passionate, desiring to obtain Unsteady, dejected,
 Muktasangoo anahamvaadii, drutyutsaaha samanvitaha egoistic, endowed with firmness the rewards of actions, cruel, unbending, cheating,
Sidyasidhyoh nirvikaaraha, kartaa saatvika uchyatee. and enthusiasm greedy, impure, moved by malicious, vulgar, lazy and
Raagii karmaphalaprepsuhu, lubdoo hmsaatmakoo asuchihi and unaffected by success or joy and sorrow procrastinating
Harsha sookaanvitaha kartaa, rajasaha parikeertitaha. failure
Ayuktaha praakruta sthabdhaha, sattoo naikrutikoolasaha
Vishaadee deergha suutrii cha, kartaa taamasa uchyatee.
5 Buddhi – intellect 30, 31, 32 knows the path of work and one incorrectly understands enveloped in darkness,
Pravrutticha nivruttincha, kaaryaa kaaryee bhayaabhayee renunciation, what ought to be Dharma and Adharma, and views Adharma as Dharma
Bandham moksham cha yaa vetti, budhi ssaa paardha saatvikee. done and what ought not to be also what ought and all things
Yayaa dharma madharmamcha, kaaryam chaa kaaryameevacha done, fear and fearlessness, to be done and what ought perverted
ayadhaavat prajaanaati, budhi ssaa partha rajasee. bondage and liberation not to be done
Adharmam dharma miti yaa, manyatee tamasaa vritaa
Sarvaardhan vipareetamscha, budhi ssaa pardha tamasee.

6 Dhriti – firmness 33, 34, 35 unwavering firmness by which, on account of attachment and a stupid man does not
Dhrutyaa yayaa dhaarayatee, manaha praanendriya kriyaaha through Yoga, the functions of desire for reward, one holds abandon sleep, fear, grief,
Yogenaavyabhichaarinyaa, bhruti ssaa paardha sattvikee. the mind, the life-force and the fast to Dharma, enjoyment of despair and also
Yayaa tam dharma kaamaardhan, dhrutyaa dhaarayaterjuna senses are restrained pleasures and earning of conceit
Prasangena phalaakamkshee, dhruti ssaa partha rajasee. wealth
Yayaa swapnam bhayam sookam, vishaadam madamevacha
Na vimunchati durmedhaaha, dhruti ssaa partha taamasee.
7 Sukham – Pleasure 37, 38, 39 like poison at first but in the end arises from the contact of the pleasure which at first and
Yattadagree vishamiva, parinamee amrutoopamam like nectar sense-organs with the objects, in the sequel is delusive of
Tatsukham saatvikam proktam, aatmabudhi prasaadajam. which is at first like nectar and the self, arising from sleep,
Vishayendriya samyogaat, yattadagree amrutoopamam in the end like poison indolence and heedlessness
Parinaame vishamiva, tatsukham raajasam smrutam.
Yadagreechaanubandhee cha, sukham mohana maatmanaha
Nidraalasya pramaadootdham, tattaamasa mudaahrutam.