L TEX Command Summary: (. K (Math Mode) .)
L TEX Command Summary: (. K (Math Mode) .)
L TEX Command Summary: (. K (Math Mode) .)
\copyright is
.
c \documentstyle[substy]{sty} determines
\cos is cos (math mode). default font, headings, etc., for document of
style sty (and optional substyle substy).
\cosh is cosh (math mode).
Styles: article, book, letter, report,
\cot is cot (math mode). slides. Substyles: 11pt, 12pt, acm, draft,
\coth is coth (math mode). fleqn, leqno, twocolumn, twoside.
\csc is csc (math mode). \dot makes a dot over a letter: ȧ (math mode).
.
\cup is ∪ (math mode). \doteq is = (math mode).
\d is a “dot under” accent, as o.. \dotfill expands to fill horizontal space with
\dag is †. row of dots.
\dagger is † (math mode). \doublerulesep — horizontal distance between
vertical rules created by || in tabular or
\dashbox{dwid}(width,height)[pos]{text}
array environment.
creates a dashed rectangle around text in a
picture environment. Dashes are dwid units \downarrow is ↓. \Downarrow is ⇓ (math mode).
wide; dimensions of rectangle are width and \ell is ` (math mode).
height; text is positioned at optional pos (see \em toggles between roman and italic fonts for
positions on page 8). emphasis.
\dashv is a (math mode). \emptyset is ∅ (math mode).
\date{adate} declares the date for the \encl{text} declares a list of enclosures for
\maketitle command. The default is \today. letter document style.
\day — current day of the month. \end{environment } ends an environment begun
\dblfloatpagefraction — minimum fraction of by \begin{environment } (q.v.).
a float page that must be occupied by floats, for \epsilon is (math mode).
two-column float pages.
\equiv is ≡ (math mode).
\dblfloatsep — distance between floats at the
top or bottom of a two-column float page. \eta is η (math mode).
\dbltextfloatsep — distance between \evensidemargin — distance between left side of
double-width floats at the top or bottom of a page and text’s normal left margin, for
two-column page and the text on that page. even-numbered pages in two-sided printing.
\dbltopfraction — maximum fraction at the \exists is ∃ (math mode).
top of a two-column page that may be occupied \exp is exp (math mode).
by floats.
\fbox{text} makes a framed box around text.
\ddag is ‡.
\fboxrule — thickness of ruled frame for \fbox
\ddagger is ‡ (math mode). and \framebox.
\ddot makes a dieresis over a letter: ä (math \fboxsep — space between frame and text for
mode). \fbox and \framebox.
.
\ddots produces a diagonal ellipsis . . (math \fill — rubber length (glue) that can stretch to
mode). arbitrary length. Usually used to justify text a
particular way.
\deg is deg (math mode).
\flat is [ (math mode).
\delta is δ. \Delta is ∆ (math mode).
\floatpagefraction — minimum fraction of a
\det is det (math mode).
float page occupied by floats.
\diamond is . \Diamond is 3 (both math mode).
\floatsep — distance between floats that appear
\diamondsuit is ♦ (math mode). at the top or bottom of a text page.
\dim is dim (math mode). \flushbottom causes pages to be stretched to
\displaystyle switches to displaymath or \textheight.
equation environment typesetting (math \fnsymbol{counter} prints counter as one of
mode). the set of “footnote symbols”. counter must
\div is ÷ (math mode). be less than 10.
December 28, 1999 5
\footheight — height of box at bottom of page \headsep — vertical distance between bottom of
that holds page number. head and top of text.
\footnote{text} creates a footnote of text. \heartsuit is ♥ (math mode).
\footnotemark puts a footnote number into the \hfill is \hspace{\fill} (cf. \fill).
text. \hline draws a horizontal line across all columns
\footnotesep — height of strut placed at of a tabular or array environment.
beginning of footnote. \hom is hom (math mode).
\footnotesize switches to footnote-sized type. \hookleftarrow is ←- (math mode).
\footskip — vertical distance between bottom of \hookrightarrow is ,→ (math mode).
last line of text and bottom of page footing. \hrulefill expands to fill horizontal space with
\footnotetext{text} specifies the text for a horizontal rule.
footnote which was indicated by a \hspace{len} leaves a horizontal space of
\footnotemark. dimension len.
\forall is ∀ (math mode). \hspace*{len} is like \hspace{len} but space is
\frac{numerator}{denominator} produces a not removed at the beginning or end of a line.
fraction in math environments. \huge switches to a very large typeface. \Huge is
\frame{text} makes a framed (outlined) box even bigger.
around text, with no margin between the text \hyphenation{wordlist} declares hyphenation
and the frame. as indicated; wordlist contains words
\framebox[size][pos]{text} produces a separated by spaces, with hyphens indicated
framed box of dimension size containing (e.g. “aard-vark cal-i-bra-tion”).
text, optionally positioned l or r. \i is ı.
In picture environment, \iff is ⇐⇒ (math mode).
\framebox(width,height)[pos]{text}
\Im is = (math mode).
creates a rectangle around text; dimensions of
rectangle are width and height; text is \imath is ı (math mode).
positioned at optional pos (see positions on \in is ∈ (math mode).
page 8). \include{filename} brings in filename text at
\frown is _ (math mode). that point.
\fussy is the default declaration for the \includeonly{file1,file2,...} limits
line-breaking algorithm (cf. \sloppy). recognition of \include files.
\gamma is γ. \Gamma is Γ (math mode). \index{text} appends text to the .idx file by
\gcd is gcd (math mode). writing an \indexentry command.
\ge is ≥ (math mode). \indexentry{text}{ref} is written to the .idx
file for \index{text} occurring at reference
\geq is ≥ (math mode). ref.
\gets is ← (math mode). \indexspace puts blank space before first index
\gg is (math mode). entry starting with a new letter.
\glossary{text} appends text to the .glo file \inf is inf (math mode).
by writing a \glossaryentry command. \infty is ∞ (math mode).
\glossaryentry{text}{ref} is written to the \input{file} brings in text from file.tex at
.glo file for \glossary{text} occurring at that point.
reference ref. R
\int is (math mode).
\grave makes a grave accent: à (math mode). \intextsep — vertical space placed above and
\H prints a long Hungarian umlaut, as ő. below float in middle of text.
\hat makes a circumflex: â (math mode). \iota is ι (math mode).
\hbar is h̄ (math mode). \it switches to Italic type.
\headheight — height of box at top of page that \item[text] indicates a list entry. text is
holds running head. optional, used in description environment.
6 LATEX Command Summary
\oddsidemargin — distance between left side of \parskip — extra vertical space between
page and text’s normal left margin. paragraphs, normally.
\odot is (math mode). \part[toctitle]{text} begins a new part,
\oe is œ. \OE is Œ. automatically headed and numbered. Optional
H toctitle contains entry for the table of
\oint is (math mode). contents if different from text.
\omega is ω. \Omega is Ω (math mode). \part*{text} begins a part and prints a title,
\ominus is (math mode). but doesn’t include a number or make a table
\onecolumn sets text in single column (default) of contents entry.
(cf. \twocolumn. \partial is ∂ (math mode).
\opening{text} declares an opening for letter \partopsep — extra vertical space added before
document style. first list item if environment starts a new
\oplus is ⊕ (math mode). paragraph.
\oslash is (math mode). \perp is ⊥ (math mode).
\otimes is ⊗ (math mode). \phi is φ. \Phi is Φ (math mode).
\oval(x,y) as an argument to \put draws an \pi is π. \Pi is Π (math mode).
oval x units wide and y units high. \pm is ± (math mode).
z}|{ \pmod{modulus} is “parenthesized” modulo
\overbrace{text} gives text (math mode).
expression u (mod 2ej − 1) (math mode).
\overline{text} gives text (math mode).
\poptabs undoes the previous \pushtabs
\owns is 3 (math mode). command (restore prior tab settings).
\P is ¶. positions, for boxing commands: t=top,
\pagebreak[n] forces a page break at that point b=bottom, h=here, l=left, c=center, r=right,
(cf. \linebreak on page 6). p=new page (figure environment), p=parbox
\pagenumbering{style} determines page (tabular environment).
number style; style may be arabic (3), roman \pounds is £.
(iii), Roman (III), alph (c), Alph (C). \Pr is Pr (math mode).
\pageref{text} is the page number on which \prec is ≺ (math mode).
\label{text} occurs. \preceq is (math mode).
\pagestyle{sty} determines characteristics of a \prime is 0 (math mode).
page’s head and foot. sty may be plain (page Q
number only), empty (no page number), \prod is (math mode).
headings (running headings on each page), \propto is ∝ (math mode).
myheadings (user headings). \protect permits the use of “dangerous”
\paragraph[toctitle]{text} begins a new commands in @-expressions, or in sectioning
paragraph, automatically headed and command and \caption arguments.
numbered. Optional toctitle contains entry \ps in letter document style permits additional
for the table of contents if different from text. text after \closing.
\paragraph*{text} begins a paragraph and \psi is ψ. \Psi is Ψ (math mode).
prints a title, but doesn’t include a number or \pushtabs in tabbing environment lets you stack
make a table of contents entry. tab stop definitions. Undo with \poptabs.
\parallel is k (math mode). \put(x,y){stuff} is the basic picture-drawing
\parbox[pos]{size}{text} is a box created in command. (x,y) is the reference point, whose
paragraph mode. text is positioned optionally meaning varies for different stuff. stuff may
at pos (see positions on page 8). Width is be anything that goes in an \mbox.
size. \raggedbottom causes pages to assume natural
\parindent — horizontal indentation added at height.
beginning of paragraph. \raggedleft declares all text that follows is to be
\parsep — extra vertical space between flush against the right margin (cf.
paragraphs within a list item. \begin{flushright}).
December 28, 1999 9
LATEX typefaces
Dimensions or lengths
LATEX environments
Greek letters (math mode)
abstract figure quote
α \alpha ν \nu
array flushleft tabbing
β \beta ξ \xi
center flushright table
γ \gamma o o
description itemize tabular
δ \delta π \pi
displaymath list theorem
\epsilon ρ \rho
enumerate math titlepage
ζ \zeta σ \sigma
eqnarray minipage verbatim
η \eta τ \tau
equation picture verse
θ \theta υ \upsilon
quotation
ι \iota φ \phi
κ \kappa χ \chi
λ \lambda ψ \psi
Text-mode accents
µ \mu ω \omega
P X T \
± \pm ∩ \cap \sum \bigcap
∓ \mp ∪ \cup Q Y S [
\prod \bigcup
\ \setminus ] \uplus ` a F G
· \cdot u \sqcap \coprod \bigsqcup
Z _
× \times t \sqcup R W
∗ \ast / \triangleleft \int \bigvee
I ^
? \star . \triangleright H V
\oint \bigwedge
\diamond o \wr
J K N O
◦ \circ
\bigcirc \bigodot \bigotimes
• \bullet 4 \bigtriangleup L M U ]
\bigoplus \biguplus
÷ \div 5 \bigtriangledown
\lhd \rhd
∨ \vee \odot
∧ \wedge † \dagger
⊕ \oplus ‡ \ddagger
\ominus q \amalg
⊗ \otimes \unlhd
\oslash \unrhd
Delimiters (math mode)
( ( ) )
[ [ ] ]
{ \{ } \}
b \lfloor c \rfloor
d \lceil e \rceil
h \langle i \rangle
Relations (math mode) / / \ \backslash
| \vert k \Vert
≤ \leq ≥ \geq ↑ \uparrow ⇑ \Uparrow
≺ \prec \succ ↓ \downarrow ⇓ \Downarrow
\preceq \succeq l \updownarrow m \Updownarrow
\ll \gg
⊂ \subset ⊃ \supset
⊆ \subseteq ⊇ \supseteq
< \sqsubset = \sqsupset
v \sqsubseteq w \sqsupseteq
∈ \in 3 \ni
` \vdash a \dashv
“Log-like” functions (math mode)
^ \smile | \mid
_ \frown k \parallel \arccos \csc \ker \min
6= \neq ⊥ \perp \arcsin \deg \lg \Pr
≡ \equiv ∼
= \cong \arctan \det \lim \sec
∼ \sim ./ \bowtie \arg \dim \liminf \sin
' \simeq ∝ \propto \cos \exp \limsup \sinh
\asymp |= \models \cosh \gcd \ln \sup
.
≈ \approx = \doteq \cot \hom \log \tan
1 \Join \coth \inf \max \tanh
14 LATEX Command Summary
← \leftarrow ←− \longleftarrow
⇐ \Leftarrow ⇐= \Longleftarrow
→ \rightarrow −→ \longrightarrow
⇒ \Rightarrow =⇒ \Longrightarrow
↔ \leftrightarrow ←→ \longleftrightarrow
⇔ \Leftrightarrow ⇐⇒ \Longleftrightarrow
7 → \mapsto 7−→ \longmapsto
←- \hookleftarrow ,→ \hookrightarrow
( \leftharpoonup * \rightharpoonup
) \leftharpoondown + \rightharpoondown
*
) \rightleftharpoons ; \leadsto
↑ \uparrow m \Updownarrow
⇑ \Uparrow % \nearrow
↓ \downarrow & \searrow
⇓ \Downarrow . \swarrow
l \updownarrow - \nwarrow
ℵ \aleph 0 \prime
h̄ \hbar ∅ \emptyset
ı \imath ∇
√ \nabla
\jmath \surd
` \ell > \top
℘ \wp ⊥ \bot
< \Re k \|
= \Im 6 \angle
∂ \partial 4 \triangle
∞ \infty \ \backslash
2 \Box 3 \Diamond
∀ \forall ] \sharp
∃ \exists ♣ \clubsuit
¬ \neg ♦ \diamondsuit
[ \flat ♥ \heartsuit
\ \natural ♠ \spadesuit
0 \mho