1

Vladislava Zankevich, MFL-171

УСР-1
My way of travelling
Travelling becomes more and more popular nowadays. Millions of tourists go to
different places during the year. It is said that travelling broadens your mind and it
is absolutely true. Even a short trip where you get to know different people and
cultures may change you completely. Travelling has become much cheaper now.
People book the flight and the hotel, organize the entertainment part and enjoy it.
While there are still people who prefer organized expensive holidays, there are
people that prefer low-cost travelling. For many people travelling becomes the way
of living. They spend months and years travelling without coming home and
seeing their family. They work, travel and enjoy their lives. And in my opinion it is
the most important thing — to live and enjoy your life.

I can call myself an inexperienced tourist because I have never been abroad.
However, I am very curious and I like to travel at least short distances. I have a lot
of travel plans. I often look through the Internet different photos of places and
dream to visit them. But I want to make my own trips that is to earn money to
make it.

It is very difficult for me to determine a specific place where I would like to travel.
As I said before, I have many plans. But the Christmas holidays is near at hand.
And in connection with my festive mood, I would like to visit Vienna for the New
Year holidays with my family. This city is filled with the spirit of history.

Vienna is the capital and largest city of Austria. It is a metropolis with a unique
charm, energy and atmosphere, a historic center. Vienna is the cultural capital of
Europe, a city surprisingly romantic and open, which has retained its colossal
historical heritage. Here, among the spacious Imperial squares and luxurious
palaces lurk amazing sights, monuments and masterpieces of art. Vienna is
considered a city of music and art. Here lived and worked brilliant composers:
Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert and Strauss, as well as many famous artists who
turned the city into a Treasury of Europe.

As you understand in travels, cultural enrichment and atmosphere, no matter how

strange it may sound, are important to me. Whatever country or city you choose,
whatever way of traveling you choose, the thing about traveling is your feelings,
emotions, aims. This what makes the trip unforgettable and memorable.
2

УСР-2
By video «The danger of a single story»
«Stories matter. Many stories matter. Stories have been used to dispossess and to
malign but stories can also be used to empower and humanize»

Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie

Every story never has one side, one opinion. This can be seen not only in world
stereotypes, but also in our daily lives. In order to simplify your life, we are ready
to believe in the version that will be said by friends, on TV, in magazines. It is true
that most people of our time do not have an opinion. We are exposed to stereotypes
in all spheres of our life. Despite the validity and not validity, the truth or false of
stereotypes, all of them are an integral part of any culture and the very fact of their
existence have an impact on the psychology and behavior of people, affect their
consciousness and international contacts.

I was interested in listening to this woman. She didn't blame anyone. I didn't feel
any negativity from her side. I agree with her that it is impossible to judge the
whole nation by one fragment of history. History doesn't have one side.

She also talked about her experiences. For example, the story of a boy Fide from a
poor family. In his family, one of the members wove beautiful baskets, and she
could not imagine that it could be. In addition, each of us can meet a homeless
person on the street. So, when we see a homeless person, we immediately get a
stereotype that he is most likely a bad and uneducated person. However, a person
can have life circumstances, maybe he is talented, but no one cares.

Another situation is when we start to communicate with people from another

country. She talked about how her roommate immediately started treating her with
pity because she's African. The stereotype is that even though we live with the
modern world, we also follow the stereotypes. It's a mistake these days.

She told other examples from her life. But she didn't pay attention to them. The
main point of her words, in my opinion, is that the single story is a one - sided
view. Our world allows us to think so. All we hear on TV is accidents, disaster,
hunger, poverty. Africa, which was discussed in the video, is prone to such
incidents, but also there are a lot of smart, talented, motivated people who want to
learn and strive for the best. An example of this is a woman who writes books and
tells her stories. After watching this video, I discovered the other side of the story
3

about Africa and other nations, people. There are so many dirty and unfair opinions
in our world, and among all this garbage, it's important to give yourself a setup that
there's something good in everyone and everything.

«That when we reject the single story, when we realize that there is never a single
story about any place, we regain a kind of paradise»

Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie

4

УСР-3
Botanic gardens 'best hope' for saving plants
Many of the world's plants are in danger of dying out. A scientist, Dr Paul Smith,
said one in five of the world's plants is in danger of extinction. Botanic gardens
contain about 100,000 species, including a third of all the world's endangered
plants. Botanic gardens help to protect around 40 per cent of endangered species of
plants. They contain many of the rarest plants. Dr Smith said: "This is the first time
that we have carried out a global assessment to look at the wide range of plants
grown, managed and conserved in botanic gardens. For the first time we know
what we have and, perhaps more importantly, what is missing from botanic
gardens."

Researcher Dr Samuel Brockington said the world's botanic gardens were the best
hope for saving the world's most endangered plants. He said: "Currently, an
estimated one-fifth of plant diversity is under threat, yet there is no technical
reason why any plant species should become extinct." Dr Brockington warned that
if we do not protect endangered plants, people could have trouble finding food and
fuel in the future. He said: "If we do not conserve our plant diversity, humanity
will struggle to solve the global challenges of food and fuel security…and climate
change." Most of the plants are in danger because of humans cutting down forests
for farming and cities, and because of pests and climate change.

Ex-s
1. TRUE / FALSE: Read the headline. Guess if a-h below are true (T) or
false (F).
1. Scientists said most of the world's plants are now extinct. T/F

2. The article said one in five of the world's plants are safe from extinction. T/F

3. Botanic gardens help to protect 40% of the world's endangered species. T / F

4. A scientist does not know what is missing from botanic gardens. T/F

5. A researcher said two-fifths of the world's plants are under threat. T/F

6. A researcher said there is no technical reason why plants become extinct. T/F

7. The researcher said we could struggle to find food and fuel. T/F
5

8. The article says plants are under threat from pests. T/F

2. SYNONYM MATCH: Match the following synonyms from the

article.\

1. dying out F a. lacking

2. in danger D b. safeguard
3. endangered J c. problems
4. protect B d. at risk
5. missing A e. variety
6. hope I f. becoming extinct
7. diversity E g. fight
8. trouble C h. agriculture
9. struggle G i. chance
10.farming H j. threatened

3. Gap Fill
Put these words into the spaces in the paragraph below.

one
wide
in
what
around
perhaps
third
first

Scientists say that many of the world's plants are (1) _in_ danger of dying out – of
becoming extinct. Dr Paul Smith, from Botanic Gardens Conservation
International, said (2) _one_ in five of the world's plants is in danger of extinction.
The world's botanic gardens contain about 100,000 species, including a (3) _third_
of all the world's endangered plants. Botanic gardens help to protect (4) _around_
40 per cent of endangered species of plants. They contain many of the rarest plants.
Dr Smith said: "This is the (5) _first_ time that we have carried out a global
assessment to look at the (6) _wide_ range of plants grown, managed and
6

conserved in botanic gardens. For the first time we know what we have and, (7)
_perhaps_ more importantly, (8) _what_ is missing from botanic gardens."

Put these words into the spaces in the paragraph below.

solve
hope
extinct
pests
estimated
down
under
trouble

Researcher Dr Samuel Brockington said the world's botanic gardens were the best
(9) _hope_ for saving the world's most endangered plants. He said: "Currently, an
(10) _estimated_ one-fifth of plant diversity is (11) _under_ threat, yet there is no
technical reason why any plant species should become (12) _extinct_." Dr
Brockington warned that if we do not protect endangered plants, people could have
(13) _trouble_ finding food and fuel in the future. He said: "If we do not conserve
our plant diversity, humanity will struggle to (14) _solve_ the global challenges of
food and fuel security…and climate change." Most of the plants are in danger
because of humans cutting (15) _down_ forests for farming and cities, and because
of (16) _pests_ and climate change.

4.Multiple choice quiz

1) What words in the first paragraph mean the same as "dying out"?
a) becoming extinct
b) getting ill
c) going down
d) setting sun

2) What is the ratio of the world's plants that are in danger?

a) one in eight
b) two in three
c) one in five
d) three in five
7

3) How many different plant species do botanic gardens contain?

a) 200,000
b) 100,000
c) 150,000
d) 50,000

4) What did the article say the botanic gardens contain?

a) dangerous plants
b) black tulips
c) roses
d) many of the rarest plants

5) How many times have people carried out a global assessment of plants?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 0
d) 3

6) Who is Samuel Brockington?

a) a gardener
b) a botanist
c) a florist
d) a researcher

7) How much plant life is currently under threat?

a) three-quarters
b) one-fifth
c) two-thirds
d) seven-eighths

8) What two security challenges did the article mention?

a) farming and cities
b) road and air safety
c) terrorism and riots
d) food and fuel

9) What are humans cutting down?

a) security
b) calories
c) forests
d) plants
8

10) What other reasons are plants disappearing besides cutting down trees?
a) florists and weddings
b) pests and climate changes
c) rabbits and deer
d) pollution and factories

5. Put a dash from below(_) where the space are.

1. Manyoftheworld'splantsareindangerofdyingout.

Many_of_the_world's_plants_are_in_danger_of_dying_out.

2.Theycontainmanyoftherarestplants.

They_contain_many_of_the_rarest_plants.

3.Forthefirsttimeweknowwhatwehaveand,perhapsmoreimportantly,whatismissingfro
mbotanicgardens.

For_the_first_time_we_know_what_we_have_and,-
perhaps_more_importantly,what_is_missing_from_botanic_gardens.

4.Hesaid:"Currently,anestimatedonefifthofplantdiversityisunderthreat,yetthereisnotec
hnicalreasonwhyanyplantspeciesshouldbecomeextinct.

He_said:_’Currently,an_estimated_one-
fifth_of_plant_diversity_is_under_threat,_yet_there_is_no_technological_reason_
why_any_plant_species_should_become_extinct.’

5."Mostoftheplantsareindang
erbecauseofhumanscuttingdownforestsforfarmingandcities,andbecauseofpestsandclim
atechange.

‘Most_of_the_plants_are_in_danger_because_of_humans_cutting_down_forests_for
_farming_and_cities,and_because_of_pests_and_climate_change.’

6. WORD SEARCH: Look in your dictionary / computer to find

collocations… for the words...
'plant' and ‘hope'.
9

Plant
noun
1) living thing
adj: attractive, delicate, wild, rare, garden, house, indoor, potted,
exotic, tropical, medicinal, food, crop, poisonous, perennial, aquatic,
desert, marsh, bedding, climbing, flowering, ornamental, herbaceous,
strawberry, tomato, etc.
verb+plant: cultivate, grow, water
plant+verb: develop, grow, flourish, die, absorb smth, consume smth
plant+noun: roots, growth, life, species, variety, material, matter, tissue,
pot, science

2) factory
adj: industrial, assembly, manufacturing, production, car, nuclear,
power, processing, reprocessing, sewage, treatment, water-treatment,
chemical
verb+plant: build, dismantle, manage, run
plant+noun: manager

verb
1) put plants/seeds in the ground to grow
adv: carefully, deliberately
prep: in, with
phrases: densely/thickly planted, freshly/newly/recently planted

2) put smth firmly in a place or position

adv: firmly, solidly, squarely
prep: on

Hope
noun
1) belief that smth you want will happen
10

adj: considerable, fervent, great, high, best, main, faint, frail, slight,
vague, real, sincere, realistic, reasonable, desperate, wild, false,
forlorn, vain, early, last, only, fresh, renewed, lingering, remaining,
personal
quant: flicker, glimmer, ray, spark
verb+hope: be full of, cherish, entertain, have, see, express, voice,
share, pin, cling to, keep alive, live in, not hold out, abandon, give up,
lose, arouse, bring smb, give smb, offer(smb), raise, boost, dash,
destroy, kill(of), shatter, wreck
hope+verb: lie, rest, flare(up), grow, rise, spring(up), surge, disappear,
fade
prep: beyond, in(of), in the(that), without, for, of
phrases: every/little/no/some hope of smth, (not) a hope in hell, a
sign/symbol of hope

2) smth you wish for

adj: high, future, distant, personal, disappointed, unfulfilled,
championship, medal, Olympic, etc.
prep: for, of
phrases: your hopes and dreams/expectations/fears

3) smb/smth that will help you get what you want

adj: bright, last, only, medal
prep: for, of

verb
adj: desperately, fervently, really, sincerely, very much’
verb+hope: (not) dare (to), begin to, continue to
prep: for
phrases: hope against hope, hope for the best
11

УСР-4
Writing a to-do list may help you sleep faster
Scientists have an idea that could help us get to sleep faster. All you need is a pen
and paper. The scientists are from Baylor University in Texas, USA. They did
research into how we can fall asleep more quickly. They found that writing a to-do
list helps people get to sleep faster. Doctor Michael K. Scullin was the lead
researcher of the study. He said to-do lists make us relax because we don't need to
worry about the things we have to do. He said that if we write down the things we
need to do, we can forget about them, so we become calmer. He added: "We live in
a 24/7 culture in which our to-do lists seem to be constantly growing and causing
us to worry about unfinished tasks at bedtime."

The researchers looked at the sleeping patterns of 57 male and female university
students aged between 18 and 30. Half of them had to write down a to-do list five
minutes before they slept. They had to turn the lights out by 10:30pm and could
not have access to technology. The researchers found that the participants who
wrote to-do lists fell asleep an average of 9 minutes faster than those who didn't.
They also found that the students who wrote really detailed lists fell asleep faster
than students who wrote simple, general lists. The USA's National Sleep
Foundation said that around 40 per cent of American adults have difficulty falling
asleep at least a few times each month.

Ex-s
1. TRUE / FALSE:Read the headline. Guess if a-h below are true (T) or
false (F).
1. Scientists say a pen and paper could help you sleep more quickly. T/F

2. The scientists say writing a to-do list can help you relax. T/F

3. The researchers say we will soon be living in a 24/7 culture. T/F

4. The researchers say we worry in bed about things we haven't done. T/F

5. There were 570 participants in the sleeping research. T/F

6. Half of the participants could use their mobile phone in bed. T/F

7. People who wrote a to-do list fell asleep around 9 minutes quicker. T/F
12

8. Over half of Americans have problems sleeping a few times a month T/F

2. Vocabulary
Paragraph 1

1. Scientists E a. Showing more feelings of being relaxed and not

getting angry.
2. Idea C b. The studying of materials and sources to find out
facts and make new conclusions.
3. Research B c. A thought or plan for possible future actions.
4. Lead F d. Small jobs and things you have to do.
5. Calmer A e. A person who studying or knows a lot about physics,
biology, chemistry, etc.
6. Constantly G f. Top; most important.
7. Task D g. Happening all the time over a period of time.

Paragraph 2

8. Patterns M h. The right to do smth or go somewhere.

9. Male K i. Normal or typical.
10.Female N j. People who take part in or join in with smth.
11.Access H k. Men or boys.
12.Participants J l. Having or showing many facts.
13.Average I m. Regular actions or situations that happen again and
again.
14.Detailed L n. Women or girls.

3. PHRASE MATCH: (Sometimes more than one choice is possible.)

1. Scientists have an idea that could E a. detailed lists

2. He said to-do lists make us H b. tasks
3. We live in a 24/7 I c. patterns
4. our to-do lists seem to be constantly G d. 9 minutes faster
5. worry about unfinished B e. help us get to sleep
6. sleeping C f. each month
7. They had to turn the lights out J g. growing
8. An average of D h. relax
9. students who wrote really A i. culture
10.at least a few times F j. by 10:30 pm
13

4. Gap Fill
Put these words into the spaces in the paragraph below.

research
them
study
bedtime
idea
seem
faster
things

Scientists have an (1) _idea_ that could help us get to sleep faster. All you need is
a pen and paper. The scientists are from Baylor University in Texas, USA. They
did (2) _research_ into how we can fall asleep more quickly. They found that
writing a to-do list helps people get to sleep (3) _faster_. Doctor Michael K.
Scullin was the lead researcher of the (4) _study_. He said to-do lists make us relax
because we don't need to worry about the (5) _things_ we have to do. He said that
if we write down the things we need to do, we can forget about (6) _them_, so we
become calmer. He added: "We live in a 24/7 culture in which our to-do lists (7)
_seem_ to be constantly growing and causing us to worry about unfinished tasks at
(8) _bedtime_."

Put these words into the spaces in the paragraph below.

before
around
lights
average
each
patterns
detailed
access

The researchers looked at the sleeping (9) _patterns_ of 57 male and female
university students aged between 18 and 30. Half of them had to write down a to-
do list five minutes (10) _before_ they slept. They had to turn the (11) _lights_ out
by 10:30pm and could not have (12) _access_ to technology. The researchers
found that the participants who wrote to-do lists fell asleep an (13) _average_ of 9
minutes faster than those who didn't. They also found that the students who wrote
14

really (14) _detailed_ lists fell asleep faster than students who wrote simple,
general lists. The USA's National Sleep Foundation said that (15) _around_ 40 per
cent of American adults have difficulty falling asleep at least a few times (16)
_each_ month.

5. Comprehension questions
1. What two things did scientists say you needed to fall sleep quickly? A pen and
paper

2. Which state in the USA did the research come from? Texas

3. What does writing to-do lists help us do? To get to sleep faster

4. What kind of culture did a researcher say we live in? A 24/7 culture

5. What did a researcher say we worry about at bedtime? About the things we have
to do

6. How many people took part in the research? 57 male and female university
students

7. What time did the test participants have to sleep by? By 10:30 pm

8. On average, how much faster did those who wrote to-do lists fall asleep? An
average 9 minutes faster

9. What kind of lists helped people sleep even faster? Really detailed list

10. How many US adults have difficulty falling asleep a few times a month?
Around 40 per cent

6. Put the words in the right order

1. an idea have help could that Scientists us

Scientists have an idea that could help us.
2. fall into quickly can we research asleep how did They
They did research into how we can fall asleep quickly.
3. about to worry things We don't need the
We don't need to worry about the things.
15

4. Our lists constantly growing be seem to-do to

Our to-do lists seem to be constantly growing.
5. The the at sleeping patterns looked researchers
The researchers looked at the sleeping patterns.
6. had 10:30pm lights by turn They to the out
They had to turn the lights out by 10:30pm.
7. 9 minutes an of average asleep Fell faster
Fell asleep an average of 9 minutes faster.
8. fell wrote detailed faster lists who Students asleep
Students who wrote detailed lists fell asleep faster.
16

УСР-5

“Until”
(Sting)
If I caught the world in a bottom/bottle
And everything was still beneath the moon
Without your love would it show/shine for me?
If I was smart as Aristotle
And understood the rings/tears around the moon
What would it all matter if you loved me?

Here in your arms/arts where the world is impossibly still

With a million dreams to fulfill
And a matter of moments until the dancing ends
Here in your arms when everything seems to be clear
Not a solitary thing would I bear/fear
Except when this moment comes near the dancing's end/tend

If I caught the world in an hourglass

Saddled up the moon so we could slide/ride
Until the stars grew dim, until...

One day you’ll meet a stranger/changer

And all the noise is silenced in the room
You’ll feel that you're close to some mystery/discovery
In the moonlight when everything shatters
You feel as if you’ve known her all your life
The world’s oldest lesson in memory/history

Here in your arms/arts where the world is impossibly still

With a million dreams to fulfill
And a matter of moments until the dancing ends
Here in your arms when everything seems to be clear
Not a solitary thing would I bear/fear
Except when this moment comes near the dancing's end/tend
17

Oh, if I caught the world in an hourglass

Saddled up the moon and we would slide/ride
Until the stars grew dim
Until the time that time stands still, until...

Vocabulary
Beneath |bɪˈniːθ| – под, ниже, снизу
An hourglass – песочные часы
To shatter – разрушать
To saddle up – оседлать
A dim - тусклый

Ex-s
1. Read the song and choose the right word for the meaning, in your
opinion.
2. TRUE / FALSE: Read the headline. Guess if a-h below are true (T)
or false (F).
1. Without your love it would shine for me. T / F
2. Here in your arms where the world is impossibly still with a million
dreams to fulfill. T / F
3. All the noise is silenced in the room. T / F
4. You feel as if you’ve known her from before. T / F
5. In the moonlight when everything shatters you feel her love. T / F

3. SYNONYM MATCH: Match the following synonyms.

1. Smart C a. lonely
2. Fulfill F b. ruin
3. Solitary A c. clever
4. Dim K d. din
5. Noise D e. dread
6. Shatter B f. achieve
7. Fear E g. above
8. Until G k. dull/faint

4. Gap Fill
close
18

life
grew
arms
solitary
clear
room
dreams
hourglass
lesson

Here in your (1) _arms_ where the world is impossibly still

With a million (2)_dreams_ to fulfill
And a matter of moments until the dancing ends
Here in your arms when everything seems to be (3) _clear_
Not a (4) _solitary_ thing would I fear
Except when this moment comes near the dancing's end

If I caught the world in an (5) _hourglass_

Saddled up the moon so we could ride
Until the stars (6) _grew_ dim, until...

One day you’ll meet a stranger

And all the noise is silenced in the (7) _room_
You’ll feel that you're (8) _close_ to some mystery
In the moonlight when everything shatters
You feel as if you’ve known her all your (9) _life_
The world’s oldest (10) _lesson_ in history

5. WORD SEARCH: Look in your dictionary / computer to find

collocations… for the word...

‘Love’
Noun
adj: deep, great, overwhelming, passionate, genuine, pure, real,
true, unconditional, abiding, eternal, undying, hopeless,
unrequited, mutual, free, first, brotherly, maternal, parental,
sisterly, platonic, romantic, erotic, physical, human.
19

verb+love: feel, have, search for, seek, find, express, show, declare,
profess, promise, return, share, give smb, send(smb), be in, fall in,
fall out of, make.
love+noun: affair, life, letter, scene, song, story
prep: for/out of, between, for
phrases: an act of love, deeply/madly, passionately in love,
desperately/hopelessly in love, head over heels in love, love at first
sight, the love of smb’s life.
Verb
adv: dearly, deeply, passionately, really, tenderly, very much,
unconditionally.

6. WORD SEARCH: Look in your dictionary / computer to find

idioms… for the word...
‘Dance’
‘Dance’
To dance in the air — кружиться в воздухе
to dance to smb's tune/whistle/piping — плясать под чью-л. дудку
to dance to another/a different tune — запеть по-другому
dance routine — танцевальный номер, танец
to dance the night away – танцевать всю ночь напролёт
to burn up the dance floor – увлечённо танцевать, чтобы окружающий
заметили
to dance on air – чувствовать эйфорию, быть очень счастливым
to put on your dancing shoes – приготовиться к танцам, быть готовым
«зажигать»
to dance cheek to cheek – танцевать медленный танец
all-singing, all-dancing – очень современный и технически передовой
a song and dance – отговорка, оправдание
20

УСР-6
All of the Stars
(Ed Sheeran)
It's just another night
And I'm staring at the (1)_moon_
I saw a shooting star
And thought of you
I sang a (2)_lullaby_
By the waterside and knew
If you were here,
I'd (3)_sing_ to you
You're on the other side
As the (4)_skyline_ splits in two
I'm miles away from seeing you
I can see the stars
From America
I (5)_wonder_, do you see them, too?

So open your eyes and (6)_see_

The way our horizons meet
And all of the lights will leave
Into the night with me
And I know these (7)_scars_ will bleed
But both of our hearts believe
All of these stars will guide us home

I can hear your heart

On the radio (8)_beat_
They're playing 'Chasing Cars'
And I thought of (9)_us_
Back to the time,
You were lying next to me
I looked across and fell in (10)_love_
So I took your hand
Back through lamp lit streets I knew
Everything led back to you
21

So can you see the stars

Over Amsterdam?
You're the song my (11)_heart_ is beating too

So open your eyes and (12)_see_

The way our horizons meet
And all of the lights will leave
Into the night with me
And I know these (13)_scars_ will bleed
But both of our hearts believe
All of these stars will guide us home

And, oh, I know

And oh, I know, oh
I can see the (14)_stars_
From America

Vocabulary
A lullaby |ˈlʌləbʌɪ| – колыбельная

A scar - шрам

Ex-s
Read the song and gap fill with the words from the list below.

Stars Wonder
Us Skyline
Moon Sing
See (x2) Beat
Love Heart
Lullaby Scars (x2)
22