Describe (5) Factors or Threats That Affect Biodiversity: Class Section: Class Schedule
Describe (5) Factors or Threats That Affect Biodiversity: Class Section: Class Schedule
Describe (5) Factors or Threats That Affect Biodiversity: Class Section: Class Schedule
Part 1. Complete the table below. Use complete sentences for your answers (10 points)
1 Habitat Fragmentation
Ecosystem conversion and ecosystem degradation contribute to habitat fragmentation. Habitat loss from
exploitation of resources, agricultural conversion, and urbanization is the largest factor contributing to the
loss of biodiversity. The consequent fragmentation of habitat results in small isolated patches of land that
cannot maintain populations of species into the future.
2 Pollution
Atmospheric and hydrologic pollution have far-reaching negative effects on biodiversity. Pollution from
burning fossil fuels such as oil, coal and gas can remain in the air as particle pollutants or fall to the ground as
acid rain. Acid rain, which is primarily composed of sulfuric and nitric acid, causes acidification of lakes,
streams and sensitive forest soils, and contributes to slower forest growth and tree damage at high
elevations. In addition, chemical pollutants such as pesticides and herbicides leach into soils and watersheds.
Carbon dioxide released from burning fossil fuels and biomass, deforestation, and agricultural practices
contributes to greenhouse gases, which prevent heat from escaping the earth’s surface. With the increase in
temperature expected from increasing greenhouse gases, there will be higher levels of air pollution, greater
variability in weather patterns, and changes in the distribution of vegetation in the landscape. Some species
will not be able to adapt to these changes in the environment and will become extinct. However, it is
expected that many plant and animal species will attempt to disperse to higher latitudes and altitudes as the
temperature increases. Therefore, any barriers in the landscape, such as highways and urban areas that
prevent movement to more hospitable environments, will result in loss of biodiversity.
According to Nick Barnes, “Trade is another cause of biodiversity depletion that gives rise to conflict between
North and South.” Global trade in wildlife is estimated to be over US $ 20 billion annually. Global trade
includes at least 40,000 primates, ivory from at least 90,000 African elephants, 1 million orchids, 4 million live
birds, 10 million reptile skins, 15 million furs and over 350 million tropical fish.
5 Invasive species
The ease with which one can travel the globe and the plenitude of transcontinental voyages has increased
invasive species everywhere. Climate change affords yet another advantage to invasive species that bloom
earlier in an extended growing season, taking firm hold and crowding out the new growth of native species.
Regardless of the reason for its appearance in an ecosystem, an invasive species can cause the loss of
biological diversity by choking out native plants and by displacing the habitat and food source of the animals
and birds who live there.
As the climate warms, invasive species are able to better take hold in areas where they bloom before native
plants do in a particular area. As climate change leads to extended growing seasons in some areas, invasive
plants take advantage by flowering earlier and crowding out less adaptable indigenous species.
*Note:
*No credit points for Plagiarized work
List your References:
Use the APA Format
REFERENCES
Austin, D. and Macauley, M. (2001) Cutting through environmental issues:technology as a double-edged source.
Retrieved from https://www.brookings.edu
GREENTUMBLE (2017) What are the major threats of biodiversity. Retrieved from https://www.greentumble.com
Hui, D. (2012) Food web: concept and applications. Retrieved from https://www.nature.com
LeGuen, R. (2020) Food chains and food webs. Retrieved from https://https://wwf.panda.org