Competency Based Learning

Materials
Sector : GARMENTS
Qualification Title : TAILORING NC II
Unit of Competency : Apply Finishing Touches on
Casual Apparel
Module Title : Applying Finishing Touches on
Casual Apparel
Union National High School
Union, Madrid Surigao del Sur
TAILORING NC II
EDUCATION PROGRAM

HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING

MATERIALS
Welcome to the module in “Applying Finishing Touches on Casual
Apparel”. This module contains training materials and activities for you to
complete.
The unit of competency “ Apply Finishing Touches on Casual Apparel"
contains knowledge, skills and attitudes required for Tailorig
NC II.
You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order
to complete each learning outcome of the module. In each learning outcome
there are Information Sheets, Self-Checks, Task Sheet and Job Sheets.
Follow these activities on your own. If you have questions, don’t hesitate to
ask your facilitator for assistance.
 The goal of this course is the development of practical skills. To gain
these skills, you must learn basic concepts and terminologies. For the most
part, you'll get this information from the Information Sheets and TESDA
Website, www.tesda.gov.ph
This module is prepared to help you achieve the required competency,
in “ Applying Finishing Touches on Casual Apparel”.
This will be the source of information for you to acquire knowledge
and skills in this particular competency independently and at your own
pace, with minimum supervision or help from your instructor.
Remember to:
 Work through all the information and complete the activities in each
section.
 Read information sheets and complete the self-check. Suggested
references are included to supplement the materials provided in this
module.
 Most probably your trainer will also be your supervisor or manager.
Your trainer is there to support you and show you the correct way to
do things.
 You will be given plenty of opportunity to ask questions and practice
in your respective laboratory. Make sure you practice your new skills
during regular training schedule. This way you will improve both your
speed and memory and also your confidence.
 Use the Self-checks, Job Sheets at the end of each section to test your
own progress.
 When you feel confident that you have had sufficient practice, ask
your Trainer to evaluate you. The results of your assessment will be
recorded in your Progress Chart and Achievement Chart.
 You need to complete this module before you can move on to the next
module.

Tailoring NC II

List of Competencies

No Unit of Competency Module Title

. Code

Draft and cut pattern of Drafting and cutting pattern

GRM743313
1. casual apparel for casual apparel
Prepare and cut GRM743314
2. materials of casual Preparing and Cutting
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 Materials for Casual Apparel
apparel

Sew casual apparel GRM743315

3. Sewing casual apparel
GRM743316
Apply finishing touches
Applying Finishing Touches
4. on casual apparel
on Casual Apparel

MODULE CONTENT

UNIT OF COMPETENCY : APPLY FINISHING TOUCHES ON CASUAL

APPAREL

MODULE TITLE :APPLYING FINISHING TOUCHES ON

CASUAL APPAREL

MODULE DESCRIPTOR : This module covers the knowledge,

skills and attitude on applying
finishing touches, trimming
excess threads, pressing finished

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 garment and packaging the finished
garment.

NOMINAL DURATION: 40 hours

LEARNING OUTCOMES:

At the end of this module the students/trainees MUST be able to:

LO1. Apply finishing touches
LO2. Trim excess threads
LO2. Pressed finished garment
LO3. Package the finished garment

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Finishing touches are checked in accordance with garments
design/style specifications
2. Accessories and accents position are marked and attached in
accordance with garment design/style specification
3. Garment is checked for loose threads, missing buttons and
attachments
4. Bodice hems allowances and sleeves are folded and pinned in
accordance with customer’s specifications
5. Hemline allowances are sewn in accordance with the given
stitch/seam specifications
6. Accessories and accents are sewn by hand or machine in
accordance to garment design/style specifications
7. Finishing operations are performed in accordance with customer’s
specifications and company’s procedures.
8. Garments are trimmed of excess threads in accordance with sewing
procedures
9. Garments are reversed and hanged in accordance with company’s
procedures
10. Trimming tools are prepared in accordance with company’s
procedures
11. Heat/pressure is applied in accordance with product
requirements, fabric specifications and company’s procedures
12. Pressing is sequenced in accordance with work specifications
and company’s procedures
13. Fabrics and pressing tools are prepared according to standard
operating procedures
14. Pressing tools temperature setting are set-up in accordance
with company’s procedure
15. Faults, spots and marks are identified and appropriate actions
are taken in accordance with company’s procedures

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 16. Finished garments are packed in accordance with packaging
standards and procedures
17. Garments/packages are labeled in accordance with company’s
requirements

LEARNING OUTCOME SUMMARY

Learning Outcome 1
Contributing on apply finishing touches

CONTENTS:
1. Types and functions of finishing touches
2. Procedure in pressing the fabric

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
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 1. Finishing touches are checked in accordance with garments
design/style specifications
2. Accessories and accents position are marked and attached in
accordance with garment design/style specification
3. Garment is checked for loose threads, missing buttons and
attachments
4. Bodice hems allowances and sleeves are folded and pinned in
accordance with customer’s specifications
5. Hemline allowances are sewn in accordance with the given
stitch/seam specifications
6. Accessories and accents are sewn by hand or machine in
accordance to garment design/style specifications
7. Finishing operations are performed in accordance with
customer’s specifications and company’s procedures.

CONDITIONS: The following resources must be provided:

 Needles
 Cut fabrics
 Pins
 Testing fabrics
 Threads
 Cutting table
 Tailors chalk/pencil
 Cutting tool
 Tape measure
 Steam Iron
 Cutting shears
 Ironing board
 Specification sheet
 Model/dress form
 Seam ripper
 Sleeve board/ham
 Garment sample

METHODOLOGIES:
1. Self-paced/Modular
2. Group discussion
3. Film Viewing

ASSESSMENT METHODS:

1. Written Test
2. Actual performance
1.

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 Learning Experiences

Learning Outcome 1
Contributing on apply finishing touches
Learning Activities Special Instructions
Read Information Sheet 4.1-1 on Read and understand the
types and functions of finishing information sheet and check
touches yourself by answering the Self-
check. You must answer all the
questions correctly before
proceeding to the next activity.
Answer Self- Check 4.1-1 If you score 100% upon comparing
your answer to answer key Self-
Check 4.1-1,
Perform Task sheet 4.1-1 Task Sheet will help you practice
your skill.
The Performance Criteria Checklist
will guide and help you evaluate
your work as you are practicing your
skill.
Evaluate your work using the
Performance Criteria. When you are
ready, present your work to your
trainer for final evaluation and
recording.
If you have questions about the use
of the matrix, please ask your
trainer.
Read Information Sheet 4.1-2 on Read and understand the
Procedure in pressing the fabric information sheet and check
yourself by answering the Self-
check. You must answer all the
questions correctly before
proceeding to the next activity.
Answer Self- Check 4.1-2 If you score 100% upon comparing
your answer to answer key Self-
Check 4.1-1,
Perform Tasksheet 4.1-2 Task Sheet will help you practice
your skill.
The Performance Criteria Checklist
will guide and help you evaluate
your work as you are practicing your
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 skill.
Evaluate your work using the
Performance Criteria. When you are
ready, present your work to your
trainer for final evaluation and
recording.
If you have questions about the use
of the matrix, please ask your
trainer.
After doing all activities of this LO,
you are ready to proceed to the next
LO of this Competency.

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 Information Sheet 4.1-1
Types of Finishing Touches on Casual Apparel

Learning Objectives:
  After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:

1. Identify the different types of finishing touches on casual apparel.

2. Know the different functions of finishing touches.
3. Perform finishing touches.

Introduction

The importance of adding finishing touches to your outfit

Like the icing on a cake, finishing on a sewing project is what truly

brings the “wow factor” and polish. Someone truly said that the little and
finer things in life should be appreciated. Some might say that simply
getting a garment finished is good enough and for those of us with sewing
rooms full of unfinished projects, we might not disagree. By pulling out the
stops on our finishing techniques we can make our garments look so
professional that friends will doubt we made ourselves.

Same is the case with adding the little finishing touches to your outfit
which will add that much needed spark to our appearance. Be a complete
man and don’t forget to include those tiny details that will make a vast
difference to your look

TYPES OF FINISHING TOUCHES

1. Top Stitching

Topstitching is a sewing technique where the line of stitching is designed to

be seen from the outside of the garment, either decorative or functional.

Topstitching is used most often on garment edges such as necklines and

hems, where it helps facings to stay in place and gives a crisp edge. It can
also be used to attach details like pockets or tabs on zippers, especially on
bags.Decorative topstitching is designed to show, and may be done in a
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fancy thread or with a special type of stitch.Otherwise, topstitching is
generally done using a straight stitch with a thread that matches the
fashion fabric.

2. Attaching Buttons

Buttons are generally sewn on by hand, though they can also be zigzagged
in place on the machine as well (consult your machine manual for specific
instructions).
Buttons are traditionally placed on the garment left front for women’s
garments and on the garment right front for men’s garments. Be sure to
read your pattern to determine correct placement of buttons and
buttonholes.
Sew-Through Buttons To attach a sew-through button, use a double strand
of thread and knot the ends together. Bring the needle through from the
fabric wrong side and up through one button hole. Center the button over
the placement mark. Insert the needle back into another button hole, and
pull it through the fabric, being sure the doubled threads are pulled evenly
tight. To make a shank on a flat button, place a toothpick or a large needle
between the button holes, and stitch over the toothpick as you attach the
button. Stitch through each hole pair at least twice—more if rugged wear is
expected. End with the needle on the wrong side, and remove the toothpick
spacer. Next bring the needle back to the front of the fabric, but not through
the button’s holes. Instead bring the needle and thread between the fabric
and button, and wind the thread around the button several times. Knot the
thread. This protects the threads from abrasion, and prevents the button
from falling off easily.

3. Buttonholing

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Buttonholes are reinforced holes in fabric that buttons pass through,
allowing one piece of fabric to be secured to another. The raw edges of a
buttonhole are usually finished with stitching. This may be done either by
hand or by a sewing machine. Some forms of button, such as a frog, use a
loop of cloth or rope instead of a buttonhole. Buttonholes can also refer to
flowers worn in the lapel buttonhole of a coat or jacket, which are referred to
simply as "buttonholes" or boutonnières.

4. French seam
French Seam: a type of seam finish that encases raw edges so the seam does
not fray at all. This type of seam can only be used on lightweight fabrics,
and straight (not curved) seams.
To make a French seam:

1. Sew seam at 3/8" with right sides together

and trim seam allowance to 1/4".

2. Press seam open.

3. Fold and press seam back on itself with

right sides together.

4. Sew pressed seam at 1/4".

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5. Press seam to one side (towards back
if applicable). Now you have a completely
finished seam allowance. No fray here!

Note: Only use the French seam finish

on straight seams (not curved) like side
seams or CB seams. The heaviest
weight fabric to use French seams is
quilting cotton. French seams are
perfect for chiffon skirts.
5. Attaching Bias Tape for a
Professional Finish

Bias tape is well known to quilters for finishing the edges of quilts, but bias
tape is also a staple in garment sewing as well. Bias tape can either be
store-bought or made at home and comes it in a wide variety of solid colors
and prints. You can custom make bias tape in nearly any thickness or fiber
content. It’s been said that bias tape is the duct tape of the sewing world –
you can use it for nearly everything!

HERE ARE 5 EXAMPLES OF WHERE BIAS TAPE CAN BE USED IN

GARMENT SEWING
1. Use it as a facing

Bias tape is a favorable alternative to

facings when finishing the neckline of an
unlined blouse or dress. When it comes to
sleeveless blouses and dresses, you’ll most likely be using bias tape to finish
the arm opening as well. You can press bias tape to the inside of a garment
if you don’t want it to be seen, or you can press it to the outside and use it
as a contrasting design element.
Whichever way you choose to stitch down your bias tape, it will still function
as an excellent alternative to linings or facings.
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 2. Use it to finish seams:

Bias tape can be used to finish the raw inside seams of garments. One
particular technique, the Hong Kong seam finish, is very popular in couture
sewing for unlined jackets and skirts. It gives a really clean, professional
finish to the insides of your garments and is a great way to add a surprise
pop of color or even a fun print. Even if you’re the only one who sees it, bias
bound seams just plain look nice! 

3. Use it for decoration:

If you’re looking to add a contrasting design element to a garment, try using

bias tape to finish the top of a pocket or add a bold stripe to the hem of a
dress. Insert a piece of cording into a strip of bias tape, and you’ve just
made your own custom piping!

Photo via Craftsy member

SueKristiansen for Sewing on the Edge:
Finishing Techniques. 
4. Use it for hemming:

Photos via Lucky Lucille

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If you’ve ever sewn a skirt or dress with a large sweeping hemline, you know
how difficult it can be to finish off the bottom. Bias tape will make it much
easier to turn up the hem and ease in the extra flare that comes with
hemming a circle skirt!

5. Fold it in half and stitch it together!

Bias tape can be folded in half and stitched to itself for many different uses
in garment sewing, too. You may have seen this technique on children’s
clothing for the straps of a sundress, as a loop tab for a button, as a zipper
pull, or as drawstring ties on casual bottoms.

6. Hemming Stitch

Hemstitch or hem-stitch is a
decorative drawn thread work or
openwork hand-sewing
technique for embellishing the
hem of clothing or household
linens. Unlike an ordinary hem, hemstitching can employ embroidery thread
in a contrasting color so as to be noticeable.

In hemstitching, one or more threads are drawn out of the fabric parallel
and next to the turned hem, and stitches bundle the remaining threads in a
variety of decorative patterns while securing the hem in place. Multiple rows
of drawn thread work may be used.

Hand hemstitching can be imitated by a hemstitching machine which has a

piercer that pierces holes into the fabric and two separate needles that sew
the hole open. There are also hemstitcher attachments for home sewing
machines, and simple decorative stitches can be used over drawn threads to
suggest hand-hemstitching.

7. Accessories and Accent

Garment Accessories:
For making a garment without fabric various types of materials or items are
also used. Accessories are one of them important material to manufacture a
garment. But maximum people don’t identify which are accessories. They
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think trimmings and accessories are same. We can define trimmings as; the
materials which are attached with garments by sewing are calledtrimmings.
Actually accessories are those which are not attached with the body of
garment with sewing. They are used for finishing and packing purposes.
Accessories are also used for decorative purposes. It is also essential for
marketing garments.

Fig: Different type of garment

accessories
Different type of garment accessories: 
Different type of garment accessories used in the apparel industries are
given below with alphabetically:
1. Arrow sticker
2. Barcode
3. Back board,
4. Both side tape,
5. Brass pin,
6. Buckle,
7. Butterfly,
8. Carton sticker,
9. Carton,
10. Collar stand,
11. Collar stay/Collar bone,
12. Draw cord/ String,
13. Folding up pins
14. Gum Tape,
15. Hand tag,
16. Hanger,
17. Neck board,
18. P.P belt,
19. Patch,
20. Photo in lay,
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 21. Plastic clip.
22. Pocket flasher,
23. Poly bag,
24. Price ticket/price sticker,
25. Safety pin,
26. Safety sticker,
27. Scotch tape
28. Size strip,
29. Tag pin,
30. Tissue paper,

Important Accessories are denoted below: 

Barcode: A barcode is an optical machine readable representation of data

relating to the object to which it is attached. 

Fig: Barcode tag in

garments

Carton: Carton is very essential

accessory in apparel industry. It is
used in packing garments. Carton box
is made by using ply board. Number
of ply indicates the quality of
a carton. 

Collar Stay: Collar stay is one of the most important accessories which is

used in shirt collar. Normally collar stay is used in collar points of a shirt. It
is also known as collar bone. 

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 Fig: Collar stay

Draw string: Draw cord or draw string is a long rope-type item with stopper
to tighten a part of the garment. 

Hang tag: It shows the brand name, style no and other information of that
garment. It is regarded as finishing accessories. It is hang with garment by
plastic staple or string. 

Fig:
Hangtag

Hanger: Hanger is used for hanging

the garments. It is important for hang
shirt, coat and also different kinds of
garments. 

Pocket Flasher: Pocket flasher is normally used in trouser’s pocket. 

Poly bag: Poly bag is an important accessory for packing a garment.

Without poly bag packing is not complete. 

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 Fig: Poly
bag

Price Tag: Price tag/ticket also known as UPC (Unit price code) ticket in the
apparel industry. It is paper-made tag which normally mentions price and
bar code. Barcode sticker may be attached separately on it. 

Fig: Price tag

Tag pin: Tag pin is an important

accessory. It is essential for
completing a garment. It is used by
the help of handgun. Handing the
hangtag and price tag, tag pin
used. 

SELF- CHECK 4.1

Instruction: Give what is asked for the following statements.

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I- Identification. Identify the following that best described the
statements .

______________1. are reinforced holes in fabric that buttons pass through,

allowing one piece of fabric to be secured to another.
______________2. a type of seam finish that encases raw edges so the seam
does not fray at all. This type of seam can only be used on
lightweight fabrics, and straight (not curved) seams.
______________3. well known to quilters for finishing the edges of quilts,
______________4. is a sewing technique where the line of stitching is designed
to be seen from the outside of the garment, either decorative
or functional.
______________5. is a decorative drawn thread work or openwork hand-
sewing technique for embellishing the hem of clothing or
household linens.

II- Enumeration
1-5 Use of Bias Tape in garment Sewing
6-15 Give atleast 10 Garment Accesories

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 ANSWER KEY 4.1-1
Identification
1.Button Holing
2.French Seam
3.Bias Tape
4.Topstitching
5. Hemming Stitch

Enumeration
1-5
- Use it as facing
- Use it to finish seams
- Use it for decoration
- Use it for hemming
- Fold it in halfand stitch it together

6-15
Arrow sticker Barcode Back board Both side tape
Brass pin Buckle Butterfly Carton sticker Carton
Collar stand Collar stay/Collar bone Draw cord/ StringFolding up
pins
Gum Tape Hand tag Hanger Neck board P.P belt Patch
Photo in lay Lastic clip Pocket flasher Poly bag
Price ticket/price sticker Safety pin Safety sticker Scotch tape
Size strip Tag pin Tissue paper

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 TASK SHEET 4.1-1
Title: Perform The Steps And Procedure In French Seam
Performance Objective : Given the time and materials Sewing Machine,
Iron and Iron Board and others , you should be able to make a french
seam based on the standard given time of 1 hour.

Supplies/Materials: Needle, Pins, Thread, Fabric, and Tape

Measure
Equipment : Sewing Machine, Iron and Iron Board,
Tape measure
Steps/Procedure:
1. Sew seam at 3/8" with right sides together and trim seam allowance
to 1/4".
2. Press seam open.
3. Fold and press seam back on itself with right sides together.
4. Sew pressed seam at 1/4".
5. Press seam to one side (towards back if applicable). Now you have a
completely finished seam allowance. No fray here!

Assessment Method: Demonstration

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 PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST 4.1-1

CRITERIA
Did you…. YES NO
1. Finishing touches are checked in accordance with
garments design/style specifications
2. Accessories and accents position are marked and
attached in accordance with garment design/style
specification
3. Garment is checked for loose threads, missing
buttons and attachments
4. Bodice hems allowances and sleeves are folded
and pinned in accordance with customer’s specifications
5. Hemline allowances are sewn in accordance with
the given stitch/seam specifications
6. Accessories and accents are sewn by hand or
machine in accordance to garment design/style
specifications
7. Finishing operations are performed in accordance
with customer’s specifications and company’s
procedures.

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 Information Sheet 4.1-2
Procedure In Pressing

Learning Objectives:
 After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:
1. Identify the objectives of garment pressing.
2. Know the importance of pressing the garments.
3. Perform pressing procedure.

Introduction

Pressing: Important Finishing Process for Garments

Garment Pressing: 

The process by which the unwanted creases and wrinkles are removed from
the garments and the outlook of the garments is improved as well is termed
as pressing. It is also known as ironing. Pressing is an important finishing
process of garments. In garments industries there is a separate section for
ironing the products. It is generally done by heated plates and electric irons
in moist condition of garments.

Garments Pressing

Objectives of Garment Pressing: 

The main object of pressing is to improve the outer appearance of the
garments. However, the objects of pressing include much more: 

 Removal of unwanted creases and wrinkles: During garments

manufacturing, creasing occurs in garments due to operator’s

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 handling and for tying up garments tightly in boxes. To remove these
creases and unwanted wrinkles pressing is to be done.
 Hiding imperfections: Pressing can hide a multitude (huge number)
of garment’s imperfections and faults such as puckered seam
and neps.
 To apply creases where necessary: Sometimes in garment we may
need to apply some permanent creases such as pleats in shirts and
for that purpose we have to apply creases or folds by pressing.
Sometimes the pressing is done before sewing though after sewing it
is also common.
 Shaping: Dart and seam are used to make garments properly fit with
the shape of human body. To make these darts more attractive,
pressing is applied which is known as shaping. The part of garment
may have to be shrunk or stretched for shaping.
 Under pressing: For sewing easily and properly pressing is done on
some parts of garments before sewing, which is called under pressing.
Under pressing is done in manufacturing jackets, trousers, coats, etc.
They also require final pressing.
 Final pressing: The pressing which is done before packing the
garments is known as final pressing. By final pressing the garments
become glossy (silky). 

What is an electric flat iron?

1882 – Henry W. Seely invented and patented

the first electric pressing iron. The invention
was named as the “electric flatiron.”

The first irons

manufactured, used a
carbon arc to create
the heat needed by
passing a current
across carbon arc
electrodes.
1892,- Electrical
resistance used to heat the soleplate.
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1920’s, – First irons with a thermostat to regulate the temperature.
1939 – E.P.Schreyer patents the iron steam chamber.

1950’s – Thomas Sears invented the steam iron however.

Electric iron is an important domestic

appliance. We use iron to press clothes.
Ironing removes wrinkles in fabric and it
requires heat. When the fabric is heated, it
becomes soft and mobile and then by
applying pressure it can be given preferred
orientation which is retained when the
fabric is cool. Ironing of different types of
fabrics like nylon, rayon, silk, wool, cotton,
linen etc require different temperatures.

PARTS OF AN ELECTRIC FLAT

IRON

 Sole Plate
The sole plate is the thick,
triangular-shaped slab of iron
that forms the base over which
the electric iron is built up. The
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 bottom surface and edges are heavily chromium plated, to prevent it
from rusting. The base plate should hold the iron pressure plate and
cover plate in position. For this purpose we can see two or sometimes
three studs in the base plate. These studs aid in holding the position
of cover plate and pressure plate.
 Pressure Plate
This plate is
generally called the top
plate as it follows the
shape of sole plate. The
pressure plate has some
holes through which the
studs form the base
plate passes through.
We should tighten the
nuts on the studs in
such a way that the
pressure plate and sole
plate are pressed tight
against each other. In
some iron the pressure
plate is heavy and made
of cast iron while in
some other cases, it is a
thin sheet of steel,
about ¼ cm thick.

 The Heating Element

The heating element is present between the sole plate and
pressure plate. It is pressed hard between the two plates. The
heating element consists of nichrome wire wound around a sheet of
mica. The two ends of the nichrome wire are connected to the contact
strips. The contact strips are connected to the terminals of the iron.
There are two reasons for which mica is chosen in the heating
material. Mica is a very good insulating material. Besides that mica
can also withstand very high temperatures. The entire assembly of
mica sheet, nichrome wire and contact strips are riveted together
resulting in a
mechanically sound and
robust construction.
There is an asbestos
sheet, which separates
and thermally insulates
the top plate from the heating element.

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 The Cover Plate
The cover
plate is made
of thin sheet
of iron. It is
placed on top
of the base
plate and it
covers all the
internal parts
of the iron. The handle and connector are only
attached to the cover plate.

 Handle
The handle can be made either
with wood or with plastic. The handle
is attached to the cover plate with the
aid of screws. Studs can also be used
for this purpose.

 Pilot Lamp
The pilot lamp is housed in the
cover plate of the electric iron. One end of
the pilot lamp is connected to supply,
while the other end is connected to the
heating element. A shunt resistance is
provided across the pilot lamp which
assists in providing a voltage drop. The
shunt is designed to provide a voltage drop
of 2-5 volts.

 Thermostat
When it comes to an automatic electric iron, the thermostat is
the most important item. It uses a bimetallic strip to operate the
switch which is connected in series with the resistance (or) heating
element.
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  Capacitor
The thermostat helps in maintaining the temperature within
limits. But frequent making and breaking of circuit damages the
contact points and it may also result in interference with radio
reception. To avoid this, a capacitor of certain range is connected
across the two contact points.
 Working
When a current is passed through the heating element which is
placed between the sole plate and pressure plate, the element gets
heated up and transfers its heat to the sole plate through conduction
and in-turn the sole plate also gets heated up. Now to remove the
wrinkles in clothing, we should apply heat and pressure. Heat is
formed due to the iron are removed. For maintaining the optimum
temperature, a thermostat is used along with pilot lamp which serves
as an indicator.
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS IN USING ELECTRIC FLAT IRON
When using your flat iron, basic safety precautions should always be
followed including the following:

1. READ ALL INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE USING THE FLAT IRON. DANGER

- As with most electrical appliances, electrical parts still carry a potentially
lethal charge, even when the switch is off. To reduce the risk of death or
injury by electric shock: Always unplug appliances immediately after using.
2. To protect against risk of electrical shock, do not immerse the iron in
water or other liquids.
3. The iron should always be turned off before plugging or unplugging from
outlet. Never yank the cord to disconnect from outlet. Instead, grasp plug
and pull to disconnect.
4. Do not allow cord to touch hot surfaces. Let iron cool completely before
putting away Loop cord loosely around iron when storing.
5. Do not operate iron with damaged cord, if the iron has been dropped or
damaged in any manner. To avoid the risk of electric shock, do not
disassemble the iron.
6. Close supervision is necessary for any appliance being used by or near
children. Do not leave iron unattended while connected on an ironing board,
or while it is still hot.
7. Make sure that the garment is meant to be ironed. Check the tags for
ironing instructions. If the tags don't tell you which setting to put your iron,
then look to see if they indicate what material the fabric is made of. Many
irons order their settings by the type of material: e.g. wool, cotton, polyester.
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8. Set up the ironing area. Use an ironing board, if possible. If you don't
have access to an ironing board, then use a flat, sturdy surface like a table
or a counter. The ironing board is designed to absorb heat and moisture
without taking damage. Make sure that you don't iron on a highly
flammable surface.

Pressing Techniques for home sewing

Even with wash-and-wear fabrics, freshly ironed clothing displays success
and confidence. Using the best techniques for garment pressing makes creating a
good impression easy. Proper pressing also extends the life of your garments.
Before you begin, always take note of the tag on your clothing to ensure your
iron is set to the correct temperature. Follow our easy step-by-step instructions
for success in ironing shirts, pants, dresses, and skirts.
Pressing is an essential part of any home sewing project. Good
pressing techniques help to create a professional-looking garment. Correct
pressing helps to shape the fabric to your figure, flatten seams and edges,
and save you time.
What are the tools you need for pressing
 Iron – A steam iron is ideal.
 Ironing board and cover –a nicely padded up ironing board; Even a
mini ironing board near your sewing area will serve the purpose.
 Pressing clothes – this is a piece of cloth used between the iron box
and the garment.This one prevents scorching your precious fabric, as
well as protects your fabric from the residue in the iron box plate.
(check point 15 for more details).
 Padded ham – used to keep the curved seams when pressing.

PROCEDURES IN PRESSING
PRESSING POINT 1
Never compromise on pressing. Do not wait till the whole garment is
stitched before touching the iron. Follow the pattern instructions and press
every seam.It is better that you have your ironing table near your sewing
machine.
PRESSING POINT 2
Organise pressing so that you have a number of seams to press at
once to save time.
PRESSING POINT 3

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 Usually you press on the wrong side of the garment. If you are
pressing on the right side, use a pressing cloth. Some delicate fabrics even
need thick turkey cloth as pressing cloth to prevent damage.
PRESSING POINT 4
Consider the fabric type and texture of the fabric before starting to use
the iron. The finish and embellishments also should be considered. The
temperature setting indicator on your iron box can be your guide in
selecting the right temperature.

PRESSING POINT 5
I always prewash and press my fabric before even taking out to mark
the pattern. A wrinkled cloth will result in wrong pattern markings. Just a
moderate pressing with a warm iron is all you need to get the wrinkles out.
You will also be able to cut accurately if you have a smooth fabric.
PRESSING POINT 6
Before pressing on the right side of the cloth, if you have to or areas
like collars, I always test pressing on a scarp of the same fabric. You cannot
be too careful with a hot iron.
PRESSING POINT 7
Use dampened pressing cloth when pressing natural weave cloth like
cotton and linen or heavy cloth. You will have an easy time removing the
wrinkles. Light steam also works the same way.
But do not use steam on delicate sheer fabric. Use a dry iron only.
Steam also should not be used on crinkled fabric like heavy crepe and
ribbed clothes.Never use steam to press. The steam will destroy the look of
the fabric.
PRESSING POINT 8
A dampened pressing cloth can help in manipulating fabric better in
areas like armholes with curved seams and hems. But this also has to be
tested with a scrap fabric piece first.
PRESSING POINT 9
Fabric with pile like velvet, suede etc and wool cannot be touched with
an iron unless you want to destroy them. They should be steamed instead of
pressed. For fabric like wool a pressing cloth is a necessity. Never ever use
the iron directly onto these clothes if you donot want to destroy them. Using
steam instead of pressing to make these type of clothes pliable.
PRESSING POINT 10

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 A small pressing cushion ( seam roll) helps greatly when pressing
curved seams like the sleevehead. Make one yourself or buy one – you may
need one sooner than you imagine.
PRESSING POINT 11
Donot forget to trim the seam allowances and or clip them before
pressing. You may also need to grade the excess seam allowances.
PRESSING POINT 12
Donot forget to take off pins before you start to press. Pins can damage your
iron. Also it mars the fabric.

PRESSING POINT 13
How to press seam lines – Before pressing a seam open or to the sides as the
pattern necessitates, you have to press the stitching line. This pressing sets
the stitching line properly. This is a very necessary step. The advantage of
pressing the seam open is that the seam line seems to disappear with the
pressing. Who wants an obvious seam line.
PRESSING POINT 14
List of fabrics which should only be pressed on the wrong side
 Dark coloured cotton fabric
 Embroidered, embellished fabric
 Pieced or quilted fabric
PRESSING POINT 15
Use a pressing cloth every time your iron box touches the right side of
your fabric. Selecting Pressing clothes for pressing depends on the cloth you
are pressing. The weight of the pressing cloth should be in proportion to the
garment fabric. A cloth with pile needs a turkey like fabric as pressing cloth
to protect its surface.
PRESSING POINT 16
How to press enclosed seams – Enclosed seams are seen in collars,
facings, plackets etc They should be first graded ie one seam allowance
trimmed to half the size of the other. Then they should be first pressed open,
then pressed together to the side.
PRESSING POINT 17
How to press pleats or tucks. – Pressing is necessary to correctly join
the pleats to the main garment.
PRESSING POINT 18
How to press darts – It looks good if very wide dart folds on the wrong
side is trimmed to 1/4 inch and pressed open.Professionals press the darts
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with a seam roll or pressing cushion. if it is a narrow dart press it to one
side. Upper bodice darts like near the bust line are pressed to the outside.
PRESSING POINT 19
Finger pressing – There are times when you do not necessarily need to
press with an iron. Small seams and hems can be pressed with your fingers.
Finger pressing can also be used prior to iron pressing for better
manipulation.
PRESSING POINT 20
You have to keep your iron box in tip top condition for good pressing.
Make sure that water ishow to press before you sew replaced regularly. Also
clean your ironing plate from any residue from ironing interfacing cloth.
Ensure the steam holes are not clogged from the goop from lint.

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 SELF- CHECK 4.1-2

Instruction: Give what is asked for the following statements.

I- Fill in the blanks with the correct word/s that best described to the
statement.

Garment Pressing: 

The process by which the unwanted creases and 1.________________ are

removed from the garments and the 2. _________________of the garments is
improved as well is termed as pressing. It is also known as 3.______________.
Pressing is an important 4.______________ process of garments. In garments
industries there is a separate section for ironing the products. It is generally
done by heated plates and 5. ________________ irons in moist condition of
garments.

II- Enumeration.

Give atleast 5 objectives of garment pressing.

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 ANSWER KEY 4.1-2

Fill in the blanks

1. Wrinkles
2. Outlook
3. Ironing
4. Finishing
5. Electric
Enumeration

- Removal of unwanted creases and wrinkles

- Hiding imperfections
- To apply creases where necessary
- Shaping
- Under pressing
- Final pressing

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 TASK SHEET 4.1-2
Title: Perform the steps on how to Iron ( Ironing by Fabric Type )
Performance Objective: : Given the following equipment Iron and Iron
Board, you should be able to perform the steps on how to iron by fabric
type in 1 hour.
Supplies/Materials: Cloth ( types of fabric )

Equipment : Iron and Iron Board

Steps/Procedure:
1. Get the necessary equipment together.
2. Sort your laundry by material.
3. Check that the iron is ready.
4. Use a damp cloth when ironing lace and wool.
5. Make sure cotton and polyester fabrics are damp prior to ironing.
6. Turn delicate fabrics inside out prior to ironing

Assessment Method: Demonstration

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 PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST 4.1-2

CRITERIA
Did you…. YES NO
1. Finishing touches are checked in accordance with
garments design/style specifications
2. Accessories and accents position are marked and
attached in accordance with garment design/style
specification
3. Garment is checked for loose threads, missing
buttons and attachments
4. Bodice hems allowances and sleeves are folded
and pinned in accordance with customer’s specifications
5. Hemline allowances are sewn in accordance with
the given stitch/seam specifications
6. Accessories and accents are sewn by hand or
machine in accordance to garment design/style
specifications
7. Finishing operations are performed in accordance
with customer’s specifications and company’s
procedures.

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 REFERENCE

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topstitch
http://www.sewing.org/files/guidelines/12_105_attaching_buttons.pdf
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buttonhole
http://basicsewingtips.blogspot.com/2010/03/french-seam.html
https://shop.mybluprint.com/sewing/article/sewing-with-bias-tape/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemstitch
http://fashion2apparel.blogspot.com/2017/01/types-garment-accessories-
apparel.html
https://www.wikihow.com/Sew-a-French-Seam
https://textilelearner.blogspot.com/2015/08/pressing-important-finishing-
process.html
https://www.wikihow.life/Iron