Submitted By:

Viray,Jazel Submitted To:

Adriano,Denesse Elaiza Mr. Jvincent Feliciano
Delpilar,Nicole Mr. Bienvenido Ramos Merida
Salvador,Lyra

Batallon,Jessica

Javier, Ma. Chaelyn

De Guzman,John Michael

Villamazo,Reynald

Mamangun,Jimwell
Basketball is a team sport in which two teams,
most commonly of five players each, opposing
one another on a rectangular court, compete
with the primary objective of shooting a
basketball (approximately 9.4 inches (24 cm) in
diameter) through the defender's hoop (a
basket 18 inches (46 cm) in diameter mounted
10 feet (3.048 m) high to a backboard at each
end of the court) while preventing the opposing
team from shooting through their own hoop. A
field goal is worth two points, unless made
from behind the three-point line, when it is
worth three. After a foul, timed play stops and
the player fouled or designated to shoot a
technical foul is given one or more one-point
free throws. The team with the most points at
the end of the game wins, but if regulation play expires with the score tied, an additional
period of play (overtime) is mandated.
Players advance the ball by bouncing it while walking or running (dribbling) or by passing
it to a teammate, both of which require considerable skill. On offense, players may use a
variety of shots—the lay-up, the jump shot,
or a dunk; on defense, they may steal the
ball from a dribbler, intercept passes, or
block shots; either offense or defense may
collect a rebound, that is, a missed shot
that bounces from rim or backboard. It is a
violation to lift or drag one's pivot foot
without dribbling the ball, to carry it, or to
hold the ball with both hands then resume
dribbling.
The five players on each side at a time fall
into five playing positions the tallest player
is usually the center, the tallest and
strongest is the power forward, a slightly
shorter but more agile player is the small
forward, and the shortest players or the
best ball handlers are the shooting guard and the point guard, who implements the coach's
game plan by managing the execution of offensive and defensive plays (player positioning).
Informally, players may play three-on-three, two-on-two, and one-on-one.
In early December 1891, Canadian James
Naismith,] a physical education professor
and instructor at the International Young
Men's Christian Association Training
School (YMCA) (today, Springfield
College) in Springfield, Massachusetts,
was trying to keep his gym class active on a rainy day. He sought a vigorous indoor game
to keep his students occupied and at proper levels of fitness during the long New
England winters. After rejecting other ideas as either too rough or poorly suited to walled-
in gymnasiums, he wrote the basic rules and nailed a peach basket onto a 10-foot (3.0 m)
elevated track. In contrast with modern basketball nets, this peach basket retained its
bottom, and balls had to be retrieved manually after each "basket" or point scored; this
proved inefficient, however, so the bottom of the basket was removed, allowing the balls
to be poked out with a long dowel each time.

Basketball was originally played with a soccer ball. These round balls from
"association football" were made, at the time, with a set of laces to close off the
hole needed for inserting the inflatable bladder after the other sewn-together segments of
the ball's cover had been flipped outside-in. These laces could cause bounce passes and
dribbling to be unpredictable.] Eventually a lace-free ball construction method was
invented, and this change to the game was endorsed by Naismith. (Whereas in American
football, the lace construction proved to be advantageous for gripping and remains to this
day.) The first balls made specifically for basketball were brown, and it was only in the late
1950s that Tony Hinkle, searching for a ball that would be more visible to players and
spectators alike, introduced the orange ball that is now in common use. Dribbling was not
part of the original game except for the "bounce pass" to teammates. Passing the ball was
the primary means of ball movement. Dribbling was eventually introduced but limited by
the asymmetric shape of early balls.Dribbling was common by 1896, with a rule against the
double dribble by 1898.
The peach baskets were used until 1906 when they were finally replaced by metal hoops
with backboards. A further change was soon made, so the ball merely passed through.
Whenever a person got the ball in the basket, his team
would gain a point. Whichever team got the most points
won the game. The baskets were originally nailed to
the mezzanine balcony of the playing court, but this
proved impractical when spectators in the balcony
began to interfere with shots. The backboard was
introduced to prevent this interference; it had the
additional effect of allowing rebound shots. Naismith's
handwritten diaries, discovered by his granddaughter
in early 2006, indicate that he was nervous about the new game he had invented, which
incorporated rules from a children's game called duck on a rock, as many had failed
before it.
Frank Mahan, one of the players from the original first game, approached Naismith after
the Christmas break, in early 1892, asking him what he intended to call his new game.
Naismith replied that he hadn't thought of it because he had been focused on just getting
the game started. Mahan suggested that it be called "Naismith ball", at which he laughed,
saying that a name like that would kill any game. Mahan then said, "Why not call it
basketball?" Naismith replied, "We have a basket and a ball, and it seems to me that would
be a good name for it." The first official game was played in the YMCA gymnasium in
Albany, New York, on January 20, 1892, with nine players. The game ended at 1–0; the shot
was made from 25 feet (7.6 m), on a court just half the size of a present-
day Streetball or National Basketball Association (NBA) court.
At the time, football was being played with 10 to a team (which was increased to 11). When
winter weather got too icy to play football, teams were taken indoors, and it was
convenient to have them split in half and play basketball with five on each side. By 1897–
1898 teams of five became standard.
Basketball grew steadily but slowly in popularity and importance in the United States and
internationally in the first three decades after World War II. Interest in the game deepened
as a result of television exposure, but with the advent of cable television, especially during
the 1980s, the game’s popularity exploded at all levels. Given a timely mix of spectacular
players—such as Earvin (“Magic”) Johnson, Julius Erving (“Dr. J”), Larry Bird, and Michael
Jordan—and the greatly increased exposure, basketball moved quickly to the forefront of
the American sporting scene, alongside such traditional leaders as baseball and football.
Four areas of the game developed during this period: U.S. high school and college
basketball, professional basketball, women’s basketball, and international basketball.

Teams/number of players

Two teams of maximum 12 players, with a maximum of five players of each team on the
court at any time.
Teams may make as many substitutions as they like.

The objective

The objective of the game is to put the ball in the opposing team’s basket.
The team with the most points at the end of the game wins.

Duration

The game consists of four periods of 10 minutes.

If the scores are tied, overtime periods of five minutes will be played until one team has
more points than the other (at the end of the 5-minute period)

Scoring

A basket scored from near the basket (inside the three-point arc) is worth two points.
A basket scored from far (beyond the three-point arc) is worth three points.
A basket scored from the free-throw line is worth one point.

Moving the ball

The ball may either be passed from one player to another, or dribbled by a player from one
point to another (bounced while walking or running).
Before passing or shooting the ball, a player may take two steps (without dribbling).
Once a player has stopped dribbling, he may not start to dribble again.
Once the team in possession of the ball has passed the half-court line, it may not cross
back over the line with the ball.

Shot clock

When a team gains possession of the ball, they have a maximum of 24 seconds to attempt
a shot.
Additionally, offensive players may not remain within the restricted area (key) for more
than three consecutive seconds.

Fouls

A personal foul occurs when there is illegal contact between two opponents. A player who
makes more than five personal fouls is excluded from the game.
A foul made on a player attempting a shot results in the awarding of the same number of
free-throws as those of the shot taken (two from inside the arc, three from outside). If a
player is fouled but makes the attempted shot, the shot counts and an additional free-
throw will be awarded.
Once a team has made four fouls in a period, each additional foul (on a player not
attempting a shot) will result in the automatic awarding of two free-throws.
 3x3 basketball (pronounced 3 on 3 or 3x3) is a form of the game played three a side on
one basketball hoop. According to an ESSEC
Business School study commissioned by the
International Olympic Committee, 3x3 is the largest
urban team sport in the world. This basketball
game format is currently being promoted and
structured by FIBA, the sport's governing body.[1]
Its primary competition is an annual FIBA 3X3
World Tour,[2] comprising a series of Masters and
one Final tournament, and awarding six-figure
prize money in US dollars. The FIBA 3x3 World
Cups for men and women are the highest
tournaments for national 3x3 teams

• One-on-One - It is a variation in which two players will use only a small section of the
court (often no more than a half of a court) and compete to play the ball into a
 single hoop. Such games tend to emphasize individual dribbling and ball stealing
skills over shooting and team play.

• Water basketball - Water basketball, played in a swimming pool, merges basketball

and water polo rules.

• Beach basketball - A modified version of basketball, played on beaches, was invented

by Philip Bryant.[66] Beach basketball is played in a circular court with no backboard
on the goal, no out-of-bounds rule with the ball movement to be done via passes or
21/2 steps, as dribbling is next to impossible on a soft surface.[67] Beach basketball
has grown to a very popular, widespread competitive sport. 15 Annual World
Championships have been organized.

• Dunk Hoops - Dunk Hoops (a.k.a. Dunk Ball) is a variation of the game of basketball,
played on basketball hoops with lowered (under basketball regulation 10 feet) rims.
It originated when the popularity of the slam dunk grew and was developed to
create better chances for dunks with lowered rims and using
altered goaltending rules.

• Slamball - Slamball is full-contact basketball, with trampolines. Points are scored

by playing the ball through the net, as in basketball, though the point-scoring rules
are modified. The main differences from the parent sport is the court; below the
padded basketball rim and backboard are four trampolines set into the floor, which
serve to propel players to great heights for slam dunks. The rules also permit some
physical contact between the members of the four-player teams.

• Streetball - Streetball is a less formal variant of basketball, played

on playgrounds and in gymnasiums across the world. Often only one half of the
court is used, but otherwise, the rules of the game are very similar to those of
basketball. The number of participants in a game, or a run, may range from one
defender and one person on offense (known as one on one) to two full teams of five
each. Streetball is a very popular game worldwide, and some cities in the United
States have organized streetball programs, such as midnight basketball. Many
cities also host their own weekend-long streetball tournaments.

• Unicycle basketball - Unicycle basketball is played using a regulation basketball on a

regular basketball court with the same rules, for example, one must dribble the ball
while riding. There are a number of rules that are particular to unicycle basketball
as well, for example, a player must have at least one foot on a pedal when in-
bounding the ball.
FIBA /ˈfiːbə/ FEE-bə; French: Fédération Internationale de Basketball) is an association of
national organizations which governs the sport of basketball worldwide. Originally known
as the Fédération Internationale de Basketball Amateur (hence FIBA), in 1989 it dropped
the word amateur from its name but retained the acronym; the "BA" now represents the
first two letters of basketball.
FIBA defines the rules of basketball, specifies the equipment and facilities required,
organises international competitions, regulates the transfer of athletes across countries,
and controls the appointment of international referees. A total of 213 national federations
are now members, organized since 1989 into five zones: Africa, Americas, Asia, Europe,
and Oceania.
The FIBA Basketball World Cup is a world tournament for men's national teams held every
four years. Teams compete for the Naismith Trophy, named in honor of basketball's
American-Canadian creator James Naismith. The tournament structure is similar but not
identical to that of the FIFA World Cup in football; these tournaments occurred in the same
year from 1970 through 2014, but starting in 2019, the Basketball World Cup will move to
the year following the FIFA World Cup. A parallel event for women's teams, the FIBA
Women's Basketball World Cup, is also held quadrennially; from 1986 through 2014, it was
held in the same year as the men's event but in a different country. The women's
tournament will continue to be held in the same year as the FIFA World Cup.
In 2009 FIBA announced three new tournaments: two 12-team U-17 World Championships
(one each for men and women) to be played in July 2010, and an eight-team FIBA World
Club Championship to be launched in October 2010. However, the FIBA World Club
Championship did not materialize. In its place, FIBA instead relaunched its original world
club championship for men, the FIBA Intercontinental Cup, in 2013.
The newest global FIBA tournaments for national teams are in the three-player half-court
variation, 3x3. The FIBA 3x3 U-18 World Championships were inaugurated in 2011, and the
FIBA 3x3 World Championships for senior teams followed a year later. All events initially
included separate tournaments for men's, women's, and mixed teams, but mixed
championships are no longer contested. The U-18 championships, held annually, feature 32
teams in each individual tournament. The senior championships have 24 teams in each
individual tournament, and are held in even-numbered years.

James Naismith, a teacher at a YMCA in Springfield, Massachusetts, is credited with

inventing basketball in 1891.
The first “hoops” were actually just peach baskets and the first backboards were
made of wire.
 The game became an official Olympic event at the Summer Games in Berlin,
Germany in 1936.
Two leagues called the National Basketball League (NBL) and the Basketball
Association of America (BAA) merged after the 1948-49 season to become today's
National Basketball Association (NBA).
Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, who played 20 seasons in the NBA, holds the record for
most points scored in a career with 38,387.
On March 2, 1962, Philadelphia center Wilt Chamberlain scored 100 points in one
game against New York. That is the most one player has ever scored in one game.
Current Atlanta Hawks coach Lenny Wilkens has won more basketball games than
any other coach.
The American Basketball Association (ABA) was a 10-team rival league to the NBA
that began play in the 1967-68 season and folded nine years later after the 1975-76
season. Four current NBA teams – Indiana, Denver, New York, and San Antonio –
originated in the ABA.
The Chicago Bulls have won all six NBA Finals in which they've appeared.
Michael Jordan, who retired in January 1999 but returned to the league in 2001, has
scored more points (5,987) in the playoffs than any other player.
The Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame is located in Springfield, Mass.

Walking or traveling Five second violation

(not bouncing the ball while walking)

Ten seconds (taking more than 10

Illegal or double dribble seconds to get the ball over half court)
Carrying or Palming the ball Kicking (intentionally kicking the ball)

Over and back (half-court violation)

Three seconds (offensive player is in the
lane or key for more than 3 seconds)

Hand check Charging or player control foul

Holding
Intentional foul
 Technical foul or "T" (generally for
Blocking
misconduct or unsportsmanlike behavior)

Pushing

No Score
Jump Ball
Stop clock

30 second time out

Start clock

Three point score

Three point attempt