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ENGLISH – LEVEL 3
OCTOBER 2020 – MARCH 2021

WILL – FUTURE SIMPLE
Make predictions:
e.g. Restaurants will print food.
Talk about a fixed event:
e.g. The meeting will start at 2 p.m. tomorrow afternoon.
Ask about an event in the future:
e.g. Will we see you tomorrow?
Make an instant decision:
e.g. It’s late. I’ll go home now.
Make a promise:
e.g. I have a meeting tomorrow, but I won’t be home late.
FUTURE CONTINUOUS
WILL +BE + VB – ING
WON’T + BE + VB –ING
WILL + SUBJ + BE + VB –ING?

YES, SUBJ + WILL
NO + SUBJ + WON’T
In progress at a particular time in the future:

e.g. At 10 a.m. tomorrow, I’ll be taking my English exam.
Emphasize continuous activities that we predict will happen:
e.g. We will be traveling around the world on a regular basis in vacuum tubes.
HOPE
HOPE + FUTURE CONTINUOUS (WILL + BE + VB –ING)
• Say what we would like to happen:
e.g. I hope everyone will be living without poverty.
HOPE + PRESENT SIMPLE

• Future meaning:
e.g. I hope she likes the book I lent her. ( = I hope she will like the book)
FUTURE PLANS & PREDICTIONS
4.TO BE GOING TO
• Future plans and intentions:
e.g. I’m not very happy. I’m going to look for another job.
• Make predictions when we know that something is going to happen:
e.g. She’s going to have a baby in January.
5.WILL PROBABLY
• Certain that something will happen:
e.g. They will probably get married next year.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS FOR FUTURE USE
6. PRESENT CONTINUOUS
• Plans and arrangements that are already made, we usually know when the
arrangements are happening:
e.g. We’re flying to LA tomorrow.
• Ask about people’s future arrangements:
e.g. When are you seeing your parents?
7. MIGHT (modal verb)

• When we think something is possible or we are not certain:
e.g. I might go to the gym this evening. (Perhaps I will)
TIME ADVERBIALS
This evening, tonight, next week, next Monday, in an hour, in five days, tomorrow, tomorrow
morning, the day after tomorrow, in about three minutes, by ten o’clock, in two weeks, this time
tomorrow / next year
• To specify the future moment – at the end of the sentence:
e.g. We will be there in two weeks.
• To emphasize the time – at the beginning of the sentence:
e.g. In two weeks we’ll be there!
*Not all adverbials work like this:

e.g. Until the day after tomorrow we won’t get there.
ENGLISH – LEVEL 3 (CEFR B1)
APRIL – SEPTEMBER 2020
REPORTED SPEECHES: reporting
orders and requests
 To report a request  ASK

Subject + ASK + object + (NOT) infinitive (to + base form main verb)
e.g. DIRECT SPEECH: “Could you make some new dresses?”
INDIRECT SPEECH: She asked me to make some new dresses.
 To report an order  TELL

Subject + TELL + object + (NOT) infinitive (to + base form main verb)
e.g. DIRECT SPEECH: “Don’t be difficult”
INDIRECT SPEECH: She told him not to be difficult.
REPORTED SPEECHES:
reporting what people say (PRESENT)
On the phone, repeat what they say to somebody else immediately…
NO CHANGE - TENSE
e.g. DIRECT SPEECH: “I’m going to the park – do you want to come?”
INDIRECT SPEECH: He says they’re going to the park and do we want to go
with him?
REPORTED SPEECHES:
reporting what people said (PAST)
To report something somebody had said to us later
CHANGE - TENSE
e.g. DIRECT SPEECH: “We haven’t created the sound effects yet”
INDIRECT SPEECH: He said that they hadn’t created the sound effects yet.
* THAT is not necessary
e.g. We’ll see you later  They said (that) they would see us later
* NO CHANGE TENSE (something is a fact or still true)

e.g. New York is livelier than London  Tom said that New York is livelier than London.
CHANGES IN COMMON
(present & past)
To introduce reported speech we can use lots of different verbs (say, tell, ask, admit,
advise, mention, promise, warn, etc.)
 SAY + NO OBJECT
e.g. He said me (that) they were very sorry.
 ASK, BEG, COMMAND, INVITE, ORDER, TELL + OBJECT + (NOT) + INFINITIVE

e.g. He warned me to be careful. / They advised me not to tell anyone.
 WH- QUESTIONS affirmative word order

e.g. “Why didn’t you tell me?”  He asked (her) why she hadn’t told him.
 YES/NO QUESTIONS affirmative word order

e.g. “Are you happy?”  She asked me if/whether I was happy.
ENGLISH – LEVEL 3
OCTOBER 2020 – MARCH 2021
ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY
100 % 0%
always usually often sometimes hardly ever never
POSITION:
■ BEFORE the main verb
i.e. She often watches crime shows.
i.e. Does he sometimes get angry?
■ AFTER the verb “to be”
i.e. She is always tired. Is she always tired?
■ NEGATIVE SENTENCES  always, usually, often
i.e. We don’t usually have breakfast.
■ EXPRESSIONS OF FREQUENCY  all the time, every day (at the end)
i.e. I go to the gym every day.
■ TEND TO  what usually happens.
i.e. We tend to watch TV on the weekends.
USED TO
USAGE:
Past habits or repeated actions/events
AFFIRMATIVE:
My mother USED TO read to me when I
was a child.
NEGATIVE:
I didn’t USE TO watch much TV.
QUESTION:
Did your dad USE TO read to you?
WOULD & USED TO
WOULD (literary use) + base form main verb
= to talk about repeated actions in the past
USED TO + base form main verb
e.g. We would bike to the park, then we would all sit around and tell stories =
We used to bike to the park, then we used to all sit around and tell stories
NOT WOULD with stative verbs (about thoughts, emotions, relationships,

senses, states of being and measurements: feel, recognize, appreciate, smell,
see, hear, etc.
e.g. I used to be happy (NOT I would be happy)
WOULD usually  polite requests (I would like…)

Second conditional to describe unlikely and hypothetical future events
STATIVE VERBS

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ENGLISH – LEVEL 3

OCTOBER 2020 – MARCH 2021

WILL + SUBJ + BE + VB –ING?

In progress at a particular time in the future:

HOPE + PRESENT SIMPLE

7. MIGHT (modal verb)

*Not all adverbials work like this:

 To report a request  ASK

 To report an order  TELL

On the phone, repeat what they say to somebody else immediately…

To report something somebody had said to us later

* NO CHANGE TENSE (something is a fact or still true)

 ASK, BEG, COMMAND, INVITE, ORDER, TELL + OBJECT + (NOT) + INFINITIVE

 WH- QUESTIONS affirmative word order

 YES/NO QUESTIONS affirmative word order

= to talk about repeated actions in the past

USED TO + base form main verb

NOT WOULD with stative verbs (about thoughts, emotions, relationships,

e.g. I used to be happy (NOT I would be happy)

WOULD usually  polite requests (I would like…)

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