Transport Engineering: Bulcha B. (MSC)

Transport Engineering
Bulcha B. (MSc)
bulchinsabegna@gmail.com
1
Chapter 1
Introduction to transportation Engineering
What is transportation?
 Transportation is all about moving goods and people
from one place to another
 It is also Safe, efficient, reliable(arrival at stations at
scheduled times), and sustainable movement of
persons and goods over time and space
What is Transportation engineering?
 focuses on the infrastructure of transportation: all the
elements which support the movement of goods and
people. Transportation engineers design runways,
build bridges, layout roads and plan docking facilities.
They look at traffic patterns, determine when new
transport facilities are needed and come up with better
2 ways to get from point A to point B.
Cont….
Mobility & Access are basic human
needs.
Everyone travels either for food or
leisure. A closely associated need is
the transport of raw materials to a
manufacturing unit or finished
goods for consumption.
Transportation fulfils these basic
needs of humanity
3
system
The characteristics of transportation system that makes it
diverse and complex are :
1.Multi-modal: Covering all modes of transport; air, land, and
sea
2.Multi-sector : Encompassing the problems and viewpoints of
government, private industry, and public.
3.Multi-problem : Ranging across a spectrum of issues that
includes national and international policy, planning of
regional system, the location and design of specific facilities
4.Multi-objective : Aiming at national and regional economic
development, urban development, environment quality, and
social quality.
5.Multi-disciplinary : Drawing on the theories and methods of
engineering, economics, operations research, political
4
science, psychology, other natural, and social sciences,
management and law
Generally a transportation system
has three elements this are
Infrastructure : which includes Road,
canal, rail, air Transfer points
Supporting elements (signs, signals,
safety)
Vehicles : which includes Planes,
trains, autos, buses, ships, trucks
Operators/Content : which includes
Drivers, pilots, freight, passengers
5
Major disciplines of transportation
Transportation engineering can be
broadly consisting of the four major
parts:
1. Transportation Planning
2. Geometric Design
3. Pavement Design
4. Traffic Engineering
6
Factors in Transportation
Development
Economic Factors
Geographical Factor
Political Polices
Military
Technological Factor
Competition
Urbanization
7
Modes of Transportation
Transport modes are the means by
which people and freight achieve
mobility. They fall into one of three
basic types, depending on over what
surface they travel –
Land (road, rail),
Water (shipping), and
Air
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Mode Choice
Right Place? Right Time? Right Price?
Safe?
These determine people/
organizations choice of mode
Choice Criteria
Cost
Speed
Safety
Reliability
Convenience
9
10
Transportation in Ethiopia
Historic chronicles of 17th and 18th
centuries show that there were small roads
(rails an foot paths) in use in Ethiopia.
Routes served expansion of trade and
religion
Road transport accounts for 97% of the total
domestic passenger and cargo traffic
delivered by motorized transport
20% of the total travel and transport by all
forms of movement (motorized & non-
motorized)

11
Average Vehicle Ownership = 1 veh/620
persons (as low as 1 veh/4000 persons in
Roads Development in Ethiopia
 currently about 42,429 km (year 2007), The overall
condition of the classified network is still
inadequate; currently 49 percent are said to be in
good condition.
 In 1951, when ERA was established, the total length
of road network in Ethiopia was only 6,400 km,
which has increased up to 42,429 km in 2007. Since
1997, the growth in total road network has been
observed as 4.7% pa, of which, asphalt road grew by
3.2% pa, gravel roads by 1.9% pa, and rural roads by
7.7% pa.
 Only 12.8% are paved, which are the main roads
12 known as Federal Roads. Remaining roads (i.e.
From To Distance Travel Time Freight Cost per ton Increase in
(km) (ETB) Traffic
1953 1965 now 1953 1965
A.A Jimma 335 2 wk 7 hrs 6hrs 45.0 18.0 600%
A.A Lekemti 331 1 wk 7 hrs 6hrs 67.0 11.0 420%
A.A D/Markos 305 8 wk 9 hrs 7hrs 100.0 21.0 100%
A.A Dilla 368 3 wk 10 7hrs 56.0 12.0 130%

hrs
A.A Nazareth 99 6 hr 2 hrs 2hrs 40.0 7.0 875%
• The four RSDP make dramatic changes in

transportation in Ethiopia now also this change is
going on.
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Ethiopia’s Growth and Transformation Plan
(GTP)
728 kilometer Rehabilitation of trunk roads,
5,023 kilometer upgrading of trunk and link
roads,
4,331 kilometer construction of new link
roads
4,700 kilometer heavy maintenance of
asphalt and gravel roads
84,649 kilometer routine maintenance of road
network
A plan is set to construct a total of 71,523 km
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Transport Engineering

A.A Jimma 335 2 wk 7 hrs 6hrs 45.0 18.0 600%

A.A Lekemti 331 1 wk 7 hrs 6hrs 67.0 11.0 420%

A.A D/Markos 305 8 wk 9 hrs 7hrs 100.0 21.0 100%

A.A Dilla 368 3 wk 10 7hrs 56.0 12.0 130%

• The four RSDP make dramatic changes in

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