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    Gravitation 150820160911 Lva1 App6892 PDF

    Uploaded by

    Ashutosh Kumar Singh
    1) The document discusses gravitational concepts including Kepler's laws of planetary motion, Newton's universal law of gravitation, acceleration due to gravity, mass vs weight. 2) Kepler's laws state that planets move in ellipses with the sun at one focus, sweep equal areas in equal times, and have periods proportional to the 3/2 power of the semi-major axis. 3) Newton's law of gravitation states that the gravitational force between two bodies is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. 4) Acceleration due to gravity on Earth is approximately 9.8 m/s2 and on the moon is approximately 1.

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    Gravitation 150820160911 Lva1 App6892 PDF

    Uploaded by

    Ashutosh Kumar Singh
    75 views22 pages
    1) The document discusses gravitational concepts including Kepler's laws of planetary motion, Newton's universal law of gravitation, acceleration due to gravity, mass vs weight. 2) Kepler's laws state that planets move in ellipses with the sun at one focus, sweep equal areas in equal times, and have periods proportional to the 3/2 power of the semi-major axis. 3) Newton's law of gravitation states that the gravitational force between two bodies is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. 4) Acceleration due to gravity on Earth is approximately 9.8 m/s2 and on the moon is approximately 1.

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    1) The document discusses gravitational concepts including Kepler's laws of planetary motion, Newton's universal law of gravitation, acceleration due to gravity, mass vs weight. 2) Kepler's laws state that planets move in ellipses with the sun at one focus, sweep equal areas in equal times, and have periods proportional to the 3/2 power of the semi-major axis. 3) Newton's law of gravitation states that the gravitational force between two bodies is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. 4) Acceleration due to gravity on Earth is approximately 9.8 m/s2 and on the moon is approximately 1.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    75 views22 pages

    Gravitation 150820160911 Lva1 App6892 PDF

    Uploaded by

    Ashutosh Kumar Singh
    1) The document discusses gravitational concepts including Kepler's laws of planetary motion, Newton's universal law of gravitation, acceleration due to gravity, mass vs weight. 2) Kepler's laws state that planets move in ellipses with the sun at one focus, sweep equal areas in equal times, and have periods proportional to the 3/2 power of the semi-major axis. 3) Newton's law of gravitation states that the gravitational force between two bodies is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. 4) Acceleration due to gravity on Earth is approximately 9.8 m/s2 and on the moon is approximately 1.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 22

    KRISHNA

    PUBLIC SCHOOL
    Koni, Bilaspur
    Gravitation.
    Kepler’s law
    Universal law of gravitation.
    Force of gravitation on earth & on
    moon.
    Acceleration due to gravity.
    Free fall.
    Mass & weight .
    Movement, or a tendency to
    move, towards a centre of
    gravity, as in the falling of
    bodies to the earth is known as
    Gravitation .
    The force of attraction between
    any two particle in the universe
    is called Gravitation or
    Gravitational force . For
    example: moving of planet
    around the sun in universe or
    falling of apple from tree toward
    earth .
    Moving of
    planets around
    sun in its own
    axis

    Falling of apple
    from tree
    Johannes kepler gave the following three
    law to explain the motion of the planets:
    1. Law of orbit: Each planet moves
    around the sun in an elliptical orbit
    with the sun at one of the foci*of the
    orbit.

    Sun

    * Foci is the plural of the term focus.


    2.Law of areas : The line joining the sun and
    planet sweeps out equal area in equal interval
    of time.
    let a planet moves from position A
    to B in time t and then it moves from
    position X to position Y in the same time t .
    Then according to kepler’s second law, area
    SAB= area SXY
    3. Law of period: The square of time taken by
    a planet A to complete a revolution around the
    sun is directly proportional to the cube of
    semi-major axis of the elliptical orbit
    i.e., T ∝ r or T = (constant) 𝑟 3 or
    𝑇2
    = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
    𝑟3
    According to this law, the force of attraction
    between two Particle or bodies is (i) directly
    proportional to the product of their masses
    and (ii) inversely proportional to the square
    of the distance between these particle or
    bodies.
    Consider two bodies A and B having mass
    m1 and m2 respectively. Let distance
    between them be r.

    According to the law of gravitation, the


    force of attraction (F) or force of
    gravitation between these bodies is directly
    proportional to :
    (i) product of masses of bodies
    i.e., F∝ m1 m2
    And, (ii) inversely proportional to square of
    distance between bodies.
    𝟏
    i.e., F∝
    𝑟2
    Combining eqns. (1)&(2),we get
    m1 m 2
    F∝
    𝑟2
    m1 m2
    Or F=G
    𝑟2
    G is constant and is known as Universal
    Gravitation Constant
    The acceleration with
    which a body falls towards
    the earth due to earth
    gravitation pull is known
    as acceleration due to
    gravity. It is denoted as
    ‘g’.
    Acceleration due to gravity (g) is
    i. Directly proportional to the mass of
    the earth. And
    ii. Inversely proportional to the square
    of the radius of the earth.
    The falling body of which only which
    only force of gravitation of the earth
    acts is known as freely falling body and
    such fall of a body is known as free fall.
    A freely falling body has acceleration
    equal to acceleration due to gravity.
    The picture show freely falling of object.
    Mass :
    ass of a body is defined as the
    quantity of matter contained in the
    body. Since mass of body is a measure
    of inertia of the body, so mass is also
    know as Inertia mass.
    The unit of mass is kilogram (KG)
    Weight :

    The force with which the


    body is attracted by the
    earth is known as the
    weight of the body.
    MASS Weight
    Mass of a body remains constant. Weight of a body changes from
    place to place.
    Mass of body is never zero. Weight of a body at the centre of
    the earth is zero.
    Mass is a scalar quantity. Weight is a vector quantity.

    Mass is measured in Kg. Weight is measured in Kg wt. or N.

    Mass is measured by a beam Weight is measured by a weighing


    balance. machine or a spring balance.
    Radius of earth = 6.4x106 m
    Mass of earth = 5.98x1024 Kg
    G = gravitational constant; 6.673x10-11
    Nm2 / sec2
    g = acceleration due to
    gravity=29.8m/sec2
    acceleration (g) on the moon=>
    1
    gmoon= 𝑔 𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑡ℎ.
    6

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