2020-21 T.Y.BSc Chemistry (C.B.C.S) PDF

Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari
North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon
Syllabus
T.Y.B.Sc.
Subject: Chemistry
Choice Based Credit System
With Effect from June -2020
As Per U.G.C. Guidelines
Prepared By
Board of Studies
Chemistry,
Syllabus
Class- T.Y.B.Sc. Subject- Chemistry
Choice Based Credit System (CBCS) (60-40) Pattern
with effect from June-2020
Structure of Curriculum of T.Y.B.Sc. (Chemistry)
Semester – V
Course Type Course code Course Title Credits Hours Teaching

per week Hours
Core I CH – 501 Principles of Physical 3 3 45
Chemistry-I
Core II CH – 502 Inorganic Chemistry 3 3 45
Core III CH – 503 Organic Reaction 3 3 45
Mechanism
Core IV CH – 504 Industrial Chemistry 3 3 45
Skill Enhancement CH – 505 Analytical 3 3 45
(SEC) Instrumentation
Elective CH – 506 (A) Biochemistry 3 3 45
(Any One) CH – 506 (B) Green Chemistry 3 3 45
Core course CH – 507 Physical Chemistry 2 4 60
(Practical) Practical (Per Batch)
CH – 508 Inorganic Chemistry 2 4 60
Practical (Per Batch)
CH – 509 Organic Chemistry 2 4 60
Non-Credit AC-510 NSS 2- Batches 60
Audit Course
(Any One) AC-511 No 2- Batches 60
NCC
Credit
AC-512 Sports 2- Batches 60
Note:
1. Each lecture is of one hour (60 Minutes) duration.
2. Each theory paper has three lectures per week.
3. Each practical course has four lectures per week.
4. An industrial study tour is compulsory for the T.Y.B.Sc. Students. The students
should submit their tour reports at the time of practical examination of VIth Semester.
Page 2 of 70
5. Use of Chart/Text book/Hand book of practical is allowed during examination.
6. Scientific calculator (non-programmable) is allowed during theory and practical
examination.
7. All units should be in SI unit.
Semester VI
Course Type Course code Course Title Credits Hours Teaching

per week Hours
Core I CH – 601 Principles of Physical 3 3 45
Chemistry-II
Core II CH – 602 Chemistry of Inorganic 3 3 45
Solids
Core III CH – 603 Spectroscopic Methods of 3 3 45
Structure Determination
Core IV CH – 604 Chemistry of Industrially 3 3 45
Important Products
Skill CH – 605 Analytical Techniques 3 3 45
Enhancement
Elective CH – 606 (A) Polymer Chemistry 3 3 45
(Any One) CH – 606 (B) Research Methodology 3 3 45
for Chemistry
Core course CH – 607 Physical Chemistry 2 4 60
(Practical) Practical (Per Batch)
CH – 608 Inorganic Chemistry 2 4 60
CH – 609 Organic Chemistry 2 4 60
Non-Credit AC-610 Soft Skill 2- Batches 60
Audit Course
No
(Any One) AC-611 Yoga 2- Batches 60
Credit
AC-612 Practicing Cleanliness 2- Batches 60
Note:
1. Each lecture is of one hour (60 Minutes) duration.
2. Each theory paper has three lectures per week.
3. Each practical course has four lectures per week.
Page 3 of 70
4. An industrial study tour is compulsory for the T.Y.B.Sc. Students. The students
should submit their tour reports at the time of practical examination of VI Semester.
5. Use of Chart/Text book/Hand book of practical is allowed during examination.
6. Scientific calculator (non-programmable) is allowed during theory and practical
examination.
7. Values required for spectral problems should be provided in the question paper.
8. All units should be in SI unit.
Chairman B.O.S. Dean Science Faculty
Page 4 of 70
Aims and Objectives
To enable the students-
 To promote understanding of basic facts and concepts in Chemistry while
retaining the excitement of Chemistry.
 To make students capable of studying Chemistry in academic and
Industrial courses.
 To expose the students to various emerging new areas of Chemistry and
apprise them with their prevalent in their future studies and their
applications in various spheres of chemical sciences.
 To develop problem solving skills in students.
 To expose the students to different processes used in Industries and their
applications.
 To develop ability and to acquire the knowledge of terms, facts, concepts,
processes, techniques and principles of subjects,
 To develop ability to apply the knowledge of contents of principles of
chemistry.
 To inquire of new knowledge of chemistry and developments therein.
 To expose and to develop interest in the fields of chemistry
 To develop proper aptitude towards the subjects.
 To develop the power of appreciations, the achievements in Chemistry
and role in nature and society.
 To develop skills required in chemistry such as the proper handling of
apparatus and chemicals.
NOTE:
1. There are in all Six theory courses (4 Core courses, 1 Skill Enhancement
course, 1 Elective) and Three practical (Core course practical) courses for
each semester.
2. Each theory paper carry 100 Marks out of which 40 Marks are allotted for
internal assessment and 60 Marks for external assessment.
Page 5 of 70
3. As per the directions given by University, at the end of each semester
internal examination will be conducted for 40 marks and University
Examination will be conducted for 60 Marks.
4. The student has a right to choose any one of the optional paper for Vth
semester either CH-506 (A) OR CH-506 (B), Similarly The students has a
right to choose any one of the optional paper for VIth semester either CH –
606 (A) OR CH – 606 (B).
5. A student is expected to submit a journal certified by the Head of the
Department/Head of the Institution for each semester.
6. A student will not be permitted to appear for the practical examination unless
he/she produce a certified journal. If the journal is lost, the student should
produce a certificate from Head of the department / Head of the Institution
stating that he/she has satisfactorily completed the practical work.
7. Industrial tour is compulsory for all the students.
Rules for Personal Safety in Chemistry Laboratory:

 A long sleeved, knee length laboratory coat/ apron is recommended. Long
pants and closed toed shoes must be worn for individual safety. Loose
clothing, open style shoes and sandals are prohibited. Long hair must be tied
up. Each student will have to get his / her own necessary protection items.
 For eye protection, safety goggles must be worn in the laboratory whenever
necessary. If the student wears contact lenses, full protection goggles, which
provide total seal around eyes, must be worn. All students are expected to
wear safety goggles.
 Prior to the practical examination, the teacher-in-charge will check all
protective equipment to ensure that they are in order.
 Pipetting by mouth should be avoided. Use of pro-pipette bulbs is
recommended.
 All laboratories should be equipped with safety chart, adequate first aid
requirements and fire extinguishers.
Page 6 of 70
T.Y.B.Sc Chemistry Syllabus
(CBCS) Pattern
Semester V Core Course I
CH-501
Subject- Principles of Physical Chemistry-I
(Theory: Lectures = 45 hrs. Marks 60) (Credits: 03)
Course objectives
 To orient and acquaint the students towards the basic concepts of Quantum
Chemistry
 To acquire knowledge about rates of chemical reactions and distinguishing
the reaction of different order and their characteristics.
 To understand the basic principles of phase rules and phase diagrams.
 To learn the underlying principles of electrode reactions, electrochemical
cells and applications of EMF.
Learning outcomes
After successful completion of this course, students are expected to:
 Understand the significance of wave function and postulates of quantum
mechanics.
 Deduce rate equations and half-life equations for first and second order
reactions
 Draw and explain the one and two component system phase diagrams.
 Explain the principles of electrode processes and apply them during
Practicals.
UNIT-1. Basic Quantum Chemistry (L-11, M-15)

Failures of Classical Mechanics, Origin of quantum mechanics, Particle aspect of radiation:
Blackbody radiation, Photoelectric effect, Compton Effect, de Broglie’s hypothesis: Matter
waves, Heisenberg uncertainty principle, Application of Heisenberg’s principle,
Page 7 of 70
Interpretation of wave function, Significance of ψ and ψ 2, Normalization of wave function
Operators and operator algebra, Eigen functions and Eigen values, various operators in
quantum mechanics: Linear momentum, Kinetic energy and Total energy operator (only
equations no derivations), Postulates of quantum mechanics.
Ref. 1: 3, 5-10, 12, 13, 30, 31, 36, 37, 79-84, 115-121
Ref. 2: 3-9, 18, 27-29, 36-39, 43-48
Ref. 4: 21, 24, 32-36, 38-44
UNIT-2. Chemical Kinetics (L-11, M-15)

The concept of reaction rates. Effect of temperature, Pressure, Catalyst and other factors on
reaction rates. Order and molecularity of a reaction. Derivation of integrated rate equations
for zero, first and second order reactions (both for equal and unequal initial concentrations of
reactants) Half–life of a reaction, Pseudo order reactions, General methods for determination
of order of a reaction. Effect of temperature on reaction rate, Arrhenius equation (exponential
and integrated form), Collision theory, Concept of activation energy and its calculation from
Arrhenius equation, Related numerical.
Ref. 3: 732, 734-744, 751-759
Ref. 4: 970-971, 975-978, 984, 988-990, 992, 993
UNIT-3. Phase Equilibrium (L-11, M-15)

Phases, Components and Degrees of freedom of a system, Criteria of phase equilibrium.
Gibbs Phase rule and its thermodynamic derivation. Derivation of Clausius –Clapeyron
equation and its importance in phase equilibria. Phase diagrams of one-component systems
(water and sulphur) and two component systems involving eutectics, Congruent and
Incongruent melting points (lead-silver, FeCl3-H2O only), Related Numerical.
Ref. 3: 697-714, 719-721
Ref. 4: 605-607, 609-614, 616, 617, 623, 626, 627, 631, 632
UNIT- 4. Electrochemical Cell (L-12, M-15)

Introduction, overview of electrode processes, Faradaic and Non-Faradaic Processes,
Introduction to electrical double layer, Factors affecting electrode reaction rate and current.
Classification of electrochemical cell, EMF expression for chemical cell with and without
transference, Liquid junction potential, Types of liquid junction potential, Minimization of
liquid junction potential.
Page 8 of 70
Application of EMF measurement for pH using Hydrogen gas electrode, Quinhydrone
electrode and Glass electrode, Related numerical.
Ref. 5: 1-4, 9, 10, 12-14, 23, 24, 64, 72, 73, 74
Ref. 4: 807, 808, 811, 812, 816-818
References and Suggested Readings

1. Quantum Chemistry, Donald A. McQuarie, , Viva student edition, Viva Books
2. Quantum Chemistry, 4th edition, R. K. Prasad, New Age international Publishers.
3. Essentials of Physical Chemistry, Arun Bahl, B. S. Bahl, G. D. Tuli, S., Multicolor edition,
S. Chand Publication.
4. Principles of Physical Chemistry, 44th edition, Puri, Sharma and Pathaniya, Vishal
Publishing Co.
5. Electrochemical Methods Fundamentals and Applications, 2nd edition, Allen J. Bard and
Larry R. Faulkner, John Wiley & Sons.
6. Chemical Kinetics, 2nd edition, K. J. Laidler,
7. An Introduction to Electrochemistry, S. Glasstone, East-West Press.
Page 9 of 70
Semester VI Core Course I
CH-601
Subject- Principles of Physical Chemistry-II
(Theory: Lectures = 45 hrs, Marks 60) (Credits: 03)
Course objectives
 To learn the basics of molecular spectroscopy and rotational spectra.
 To understand the basic principles and applications of nuclear chemistry.
 To learn the consequences of light absorption by atoms and molecules and
photochemical reactions.
 To learn the laws of crystallography and basics of crystal structure.
Learning outcomes
After successful completion of this course, students are expected to:
 Analyze the rotational spectra of diatomic molecules and determine the bond
length.
 Explain and apply the radioactivity principles for various chemical and
biological investigations.
 Describe the mechanism of fluorescence, phosphorescence and
photochemical reactions.
 Analyze the given crystal structure and determine the indices of planes, inter-
planer distances and type of crystal structure.
UNIT-1. Investigation of Molecular Structure (L-11, M-15)

Introduction, Dipole Moment, Induced dipole moment, Electrical polarization of molecules.
Orientation of dipole in an electric field, Debye equation. Method of determination of dipole
moment, Vapour temperature method, Molecular structure and dipole moment
Interaction of electromagnetic radiation with molecules, Various types of spectra Rotational,
Vibration and Electronic energy levels; with principle and example of each type.
Rotational spectroscopy: Rigid and non-rigid rotor diatomic molecule-Moment of inertia,
Energy Levels, Selection rule, Intensities of spectral lines, Determination of bond lengths of
diatomic and linear triatomic molecules, Isotopic substitution. Related numerical
Page 10 of 70
Ref. 1: 253-257, 259-261
Ref. 3: 5-9, 33-46
UNIT-2. Nuclear Chemistry (L-12, M-15)

Introduction, Radioactive elements, Types of radioactive decay, Decay schemes, General
characteristic of radioactive decay, Decay kinetics, Decay constant, Half-life period, Mean
life, Units of radioactivity.
Application of radioactivity – Radiochemical principle of tracer technique; Application of
tracer technique – Chemical investigation reaction mechanism- esterification, hydrolysis,
Oxidation - Oxidation of CO, Structure determination - PCl5 molecules, Thiosulphate ion, C-
14 dating and tritium dating, Medical applications- Thyroditis, Bone fracture Healing, Brain
tumor location, Defects in Blood Circulation.
Nuclear Fusion / Fission as source of energy with example
Nuclear Pollution: Disposal of nuclear waste, nuclear disaster and its management with case
study. Related numerical
Ref. 4: 118-125, 225, 247, 248, 373-378, 402, 403, 407-411
Ref. 1: 103-105, 108-110, 113-115, 120-122, 136-138
Ref 6: 87-94, 108-112
UNIT-3. Photochemistry (L-11, M-15)

Laws of photochemistry, Quantum yield, Examples of low and high quantum yields,
Consequence of light absorption by atoms and molecules, Jablonski diagram, Fluorescence,
Phosphorescence, Quenching. Experimental setup for determination of quantum yield with
actinometer as detector
Photochemical gas reactions, Photolysis of ammonia, Combination of H 2 and Cl2 reaction,
Reaction between H2 and Br2, Photosensitized gas reaction, H2 and O2, H2 and CO,
Chemiluminescence, Related numerical.
Ref. 1: 1045-1055
Ref. 2: 1044, 1045, 1048, 1049, 1054, 1055, 1059-1061
UNIT-4. Crystal Structure (L-11, M-15)

Forms of solids. Symmetry elements, unit cells, crystal systems, Bravais lattice types and
identification of lattice planes. Laws of Crystallography - Law of constancy of interfacial
angles, Law of rational indices. Miller indices. X–Ray diffraction by crystals, Bragg’s law
and Bragg’s method. Structures of NaCl, KCl and CsCl (qualitative treatment only). Defects
Page 11 of 70
in crystals: Shottkey and Frenkel defects. Liquid Crystal, Types and Applications. Related
numerical
Ref. 1: 449-454, 456-463, 472-474
Ref. 2: 1085-1087, 1099, 1100, 1104-1107, 1123, 1130, 1131
References and Suggested Readings

1. Essentials of Physical Chemistry, Arun Bahl, B. S. Bahl, G. D. Tuli, S. Multicolor edition,
S. Chand Publication.
2. Principles of Physical Chemistry, 44th edition, Puri, Sharma and Pathaniya, Vishal
Publishing Co.
3. Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy, 4th Edition, C. N. Banwell and E. M. McCash,
Tata McGraw-Hill: New Delhi
4. Essentials of Nuclear Chemistry, Revised 4th Edition, H. J. Arnikar, New Age
International Publishers.
5. Advance Physical Chemistry, Gurtu and Gurtu, Pragati Publication.
6. Environmental Pollution and Health, V. K. Ahluwalia, The Energy and Resources
Institute (TERI), 2005.
Page 12 of 70
Semester V Core Course II
CH-502
Subject-Inorganic Chemistry
Course objectives:
 To describe the VSEPR theory to predict shape of molecules from
electron pairs.
 To describe the bonding in simple compounds using VBT.
 To describe the principles of VBT to predict hybridization of orbitals.
 To understand how CFT explains electronic structure, colour and
magnetic properties of co-ordination compounds.
 To introduce the basic principles of MOT and electronic geometry of
molecules.
Learning outcomes:
 Learn about the VSEPR theory and how it can be used to explain
molecular shapes.
 Learn about the VBT to describe the formation of covalent bonds in terms
of atomic orbital overlap.
 Learn about stability of complexes using CFSE.
 Learn about MOT to draw energy diagrams and to predict bond order.
UNIT-1: Structure and Reactivity of Molecules (L-09, M-12)

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory (VSEPR), Shapes of simple molecules and
ions containing lone-and bond-pairs of electrons multiple bonding, prediction of shapes of
irregular molecules and ions like - Sulphur tetra fluoride, Bromine trifluoride, Dichloroiodate
(I) anion, Penta fluoro telluurate (IV) anion, Tetrachloroiodate (III) anion, Nitrogen dioxide,
Phosphorus trihalides, Carbonyl fluoride, Summary of VSEPR rules Drawbacks of VSEPR
theory.
Ref.1: 206-207
Page 13 of 70
Ref. 3: Relevant pages.
UNIT 2: Modern Theories of Coordination Compound Part –A (L-09, M-12)

Assumptions, Werner theory and isomerism, EAN, Stability of complex ion, Factors
affecting stability of complex ion, Irving William series, Stabilization of unstable oxidation
state, Stereochemistry of coordination compound with C.N. 4 and 6, Isomerism in
coordination compounds.
Ref. - 1: 735-737, 742-745, 748--757.
Ref. - 2: Relevant Pages.
UNIT 3: Modern Theories of Coordination Compound Part –B (L-09, M-12)

Assumptions of V.B.T., V.B. Theory as applied to structural and bonding in complexes of 3d
series elements. Examples of square planar, Tetrahedral and Octahedral complexes, inner and
outer orbital complexes, Magnetic properties of complexes of 3d series elements, limitations of
V.B.T., Assumptions of CFT, Degeneracy of ‘d’ orbital’s, Application of CFT to octahedral
complexes, Weak and strong ligand field splitting, spectrochemical series.
Ref. 1: 759 - 766
Ref.2: Relevant Pages
UNIT 4: Modern Theories of Coordination Compound Part –C (L-09, M-12)

Definition of C.F.S.E., Calculation of C.F.S.E. in weak and strong field octahedral
complexes, Evidences of C.F.S.E., Factor’s affecting 10 Dq, CFT and magnetic
properties, spin only magnetic moment equation, Electron occupancy in CFT, Application
of CFT to tetrahedral a nd Calculation of C.F.S.E. in tetrahedral complexes. Tetragonal
distortions from octahedral geometry, Jahn-Teller theorem Application of CFT to square
planer complexes, Problems related to calculation of spin only magnetic moment for
square planer, tetrahedral and octahedral complexes (for high spin and low spin
complexes).
Ref.1: 766 -772,
Ref.2: Relevant pages
UNIT 5: Modern Theories of Coordination Compound Part –D (L-09, M-12)

Crystal field effects- Variation of lattice energies, enthalpies of hydration and crystal radii
variations in halides of first and second row transition metal series and spinel structures,
limitations of CFT, experimental evidences in support of metal ligand bond overlaps. ACFT,
Page 14 of 70
Assumptions of Molecular orbital theory, composition of ligand group orbitals, Molecular
orbital treatment (Qualitative) of octahedral complexes (strong & weak field), Effect of pi-
bonding, Charge transfer spectra, Comparison of VBT, CFT and MOT.
Ref. 1: 794-796,774-778
Ref. 2: Relevant Pages
References:
1. Principle of Inorganic Chemistry, B. R. Puri, L. R. Sharma, K. C. Kalia,
Milestone Publisher and distributor.
2. Concise Inorganic Chemistry, 5th Edition, J. D. Lee.
3. Inorganic Chemistry Principles of Structure and Reactivity, 4th Edition, James E.
Huheey,
4. Ellen A. Keiter. Richard L. Keitler.
Page 15 of 70
Semester VI Core Course II
CH-602
Subject- Chemistry of Inorganic Solids
Course Objectives:
 To describe basic principles of nanomaterials.
 To describe basic synthesis of nanoparticles.
 To describe composition and technological importance of inorganic
solids.
 To describe composition of cement, lime and alloys.
 To describe manufacture of fertilizers.
Learning Outcomes:
 Learn about basic principles and synthesis of nanomaterials.
 Learn about classification, composition and processing of cement.
 Learn about classification and composition of alloys.
 Learn about types manufacture and applications of fertilizers.
UNIT 1: Synthetic Methods of Nanomaterials (L-09, M-12)

Introduction to Nano science, nanostructure and nanotechnology (basic idea), Size dependent
properties of nanomaterials (basic idea) a) Semiconducting nanoparticles b) Metallic
nanoparticles. Synthesis routes of nanomaterials: a) Bottom up approaches i) Chemical vapor
deposition (CVD) ii) Spray pyrolysis iii) Sol gel process b) Top down approaches:
mechanical alloying, Role of surfactant in shape and size control of nanomaterials
Ref:1: 602-604, 624, 653-655.

Ref:2: 66-70,74-77, 79,85-87.
Ref.3: 656-658, 707-712,721-724
UNIT 2: Inorganic Solids of Technological Importance (L-09, M-12)

Inorganic pigments, Coloured solids, White and black pigments, Molecular materials and
fullerides, Molecular material chemistry – One dimensional metals, Molecular magnets,
Page 16 of 70
Inorganic liquid crystals, Solid electrolytes (a) solid cationic electrolytes (b) solid anionic
electrolytes .
Ref:- 1: 607-609,642-644,647-650.
Ref.3: 661-664,696-699,703-707.
UNIT 3: Cement and Lime (L-09, M-12)

Classification of cement, Ingredients and their role, Manufacture of cement and the setting
process, Quick setting cements. Manufacture of lime and applications
UNIT 4: Fertilizers (L-09, M-12)

Plant Nutrients, Different types of fertilizers, need for fertilizers, requisite qualities of
fertilizers, symptom of deficiency, Manufacture of following fertilizers:- Urea, Ammonium
nitrate, Calcium ammonium nitrate, Ammonium phosphate, Super phosphates, Compound
and Mixed fertilizers, Potassium chloride and Potassium sulphate.
UNIT 5: Alloys (L-09, M-12)

Classification of alloys, Ferrous and Non-ferrous alloys, Specific properties of elements in
alloys, Manufacture of steel, Removal of silicon, decarburization, demagnetization and
desulphurization. Composition and properties of different types of steels
Reference:
1. Inorganic Chemistry, 4th /5th edition, Shriver and Atkins
2. Textbook of Nano Science and technology, B. S. Murthy, P. Shankar, Badev Raj, B. B.
Rath and James Murday, University Press III M, Metallurgy and Material Sciences.
3. Inorganic Chemistry, 6th Edition, Weller, Overton, Rourke & Armstrong.
4. Shriver Chemical Process Industry, 5th edition, George T. Austin.
5. Industrial Chemistry, 14th edition, B. K. Sharma,2004.
6. Riegels Handbook of Industrial chemistry, 9th Edition, James A. Kent, CBS Publishers
and Distributors
Page 17 of 70
7. Engineering Chemistry, S. S. Dara.
8. Engineering Chemistry, B. K. Sharma, Goel Publishing House, Meerut.
9. Engineering Chemistry, P. C. Jain and M. Jain Dhanpat Rai and Sons Delhi.
Page 18 of 70
Semester V Core Course III
CH-503
Subject- Organic Reaction Mechanism
Learning Objectives
 To study different types of organic reactions.
 To understand the mechanisms of different types of reactions.
 To distinguish between types of substrates and types of reagents.
 To understand ways of attack of reagent, breaking and formation of bonds
in different reaction mechanisms.
 To study kinetics, evidences and factors affecting different types of
reactions.
 To study stereochemistry of different reactions.
 To understand role of different reagents in different reactions.
Course Outcomes
 Students will learn organic reactions like nucleophilic substitution,
electrophilic substitution, nucleophilic addition, electrophilic addition and
elimination.
 Students will be able to write/ explain mechanisms of those types of
reactions.
 Students will understand how a reaction takes place in one or more steps.
 Students will understand the types of intermediates formed in different
reactions.
 Students will learn how reagent attacks the substrate molecule and
accordingly how bonds break and formed.
 Students will learn how change in structure of substrate, reagent and
solvent changes the product formed and its stereochemistry.
Page 19 of 70
 Students will be able to predict the products and to suggest the
mechanisms.
UNIT 1. Nucleophilic Substitution at Saturated Carbon (9 L, 12M)

SN1, SN2 and SNi reactions, Mechanism and stereochemistry, regioselectivity and stereo
specificity of substitution reaction. Scope at saturated carbon, allylic carbon and vinylic carbon.
Factors affecting rate of SN1, SN2 and SNi reactions (Effect of nature of substrate, nucleophile,
leaving group and solvent).Neighboring group participation (norbornyl & norbornenyl
systems), Non-classical carbocation’s.
Ref:- 1: 328-359, 931-937.
Ref:- 2: 293-369.
Ref: - 3: 257-328.
Ref: - 4: 179-200.
UNIT 2. Electrophilic Addition to C=C (9 L, 12M)

Introduction, Mechanism of electrophilic addition to C=C bond ( Ad 2 Mechanism), addition of
E
hydrogen halides, orientation of addition: Markownikoff’s and Anti Markownikoff’s addition

(peroxide effect), stereochemistry, addition of halogens: experimental evidences for two step
mechanism, mechanism of addition of bromine, factors affecting anti-stereoselectivity, effect of
substituents on rate of addition, addition of hypohalous acids (HOX), Hydroxylation
(Mechanism of formation of cis and trans 1,2-diols), Hydroboration- Oxidation (Formation of
alcohol), Hydrogenation (Formation of alkane), Ozonolysis (formation of aldehydes & ketones).
Ref:- 1: 427-447.
Ref:- 2: 734-742, 783-788.
Ref: - 4: 323-360, 425-440
UNIT 3. Nucleophilic Addition to C=O (9 L, 12M)

Introduction, Structure of carbonyl group, reactivity of carbonyl group,
Addition of Hydrogen cyanide, alcohols, thiols, water, ammonia derivatives.
Aldol and Cannizzaro Reaction, Perkin reaction, Wittig reaction, Reformatski reactions,
Reduction reactions using NaBH4, LiAlH4 with mechanism.
Ref:- 1: 222-239.
Ref:- 2: 879-919.
Page 20 of 70
UNIT 4. Aromatic Substitution Reactions (09 L, 12M)
Electrophilic substitution
Introduction, arenium ion mechanism, Effect of substituent group (Orientation, o/p directing
and meta directing groups). Classification of substituent groups (activating and deactivating
groups) Mechanism of: Nitration, Sulfonation, Halogenation, Friedal-Crafts reactions
(alkylation and acylation), Diazo Coupling reactions, Ipso-substitution.
Nucleophilic substitution
Addition- elimination (SNAr), Elimination-addition (Benzyne) mechanism with evidences,
Chichibabin reaction
Ref:- 1: 471-527.
Ref:- 2: 501-521, 641-653.
Ref: - 4: 517-545, 943-967.
UNIT 5. Elimination Reactions: (9 L, 12M)

Introduction, The reaction mechanisms: E1, E2, E1CB with evidences and factors affecting
the reaction.E1 v/s E2 and Elimination v/s substitution. Anti and Syn elimination, Stereo
electronic factors. Bredt’s rule. Dehydrohalogenation, Dehalogenation, Dehydration,
Hoffmann and Saytzeff’s elimination, Pyrolytic elimination.
Ref:- 1: 382-406.
Ref:- 2 : 982-1010.
Ref: -4 : 273-310.
References
1. Organic Chemistry, Second Edition. J. Clayden, N. Greeves & S. Warren and P.
Wothers (Oxford).
2. Advanced Organic Chemistry-Reactions, Mechanisms and Structure, 5th Edition,
Michael B. Smith, Jerry March.,Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2000,
3. Advanced Organic Chemistry Part A- Structure and Mechanisms, 3rd Edition, A. Carey
and R.J. Sundberg. Springer US, Third Edition
4. Organic Chemistry, 6th Edition, R. T. Morrison and R. N. Boyd.
5. Web- Organic Chemistry Portal
Page 21 of 70
Semester VI Core Course III
CH-603
Subject- Spectroscopic Methods of Structure Determination
(Theory: Marks 60 Lectures = 45 hrs) (Credits: 03)
Course Objectives
 To study principle of spectroscopy and to understand wave parameters
and terms involved in spectroscopy.
 To study different types of spectroscopy.
 To understand principle, concept and the terms used in each type of
spectroscopy.
 Interpretation of UV, IR, NMR spectra.
 Use of spectral data for determination of structure of unknown organic
compounds.
 To study different applications of each type of spectroscopy.
Learning Outcomes
 Students will learn interaction of radiations with matter. They will
understand different regions of electromagnetic radiations. They will
know different wave parameters.
 Students will learn principle of mass spectroscopy, its instrumentation
and nature of mass spectrum.
 Students will understand principle of UV spectroscopy and nature of
UV spectrum. They will learn types of electronic excitations.
 Students will be able to calculate maximum wavelength for any
conjugated system. And from the value of λ-max they will be able to
find out extent of conjugation in the compound.
 Students will understand principle of IR spectroscopy, types of
vibrations and the nature of IR spectrum.
Page 22 of 70
 From IR spectrum, they will be able to find out IR frequencies of
different functional groups. And thus, they will be able to find out
functional groups present in the compound.
 Students will understand principle of NMR spectroscopy and will
understand various terms used in NMR spectroscopy. They will learn
measurement of chemical shift and coupling constants.
 Students will be able to interpret the NMR data and they will be able to
use it for determination of structure of organic compound.
 Students will be able to determine structure of simple organic
compounds on the basis of spectral data such as λ max values, IR
frequencies, chemical shift (δ values).
UNIT 1. A) Introduction to Spectroscopy (9L, 12M)

Introduction, meaning of spectroscopy, nature of electromagnetic radiation, wave length,
frequency, energy, amplitude, wave number, and their relationship, different units of
measurement of wavelength and frequency, different regions of electromagnetic radiations.
Interaction of radiation with matter. Excitation of molecules with different energy levels,
such as rotational, vibrational and electronic level. Types of spectroscopy, advantages of
spectroscopic methods
Ref:- 2: 1-19.
Ref:- 4 : 13-19.
B) Mass spectroscopy
Basic theory, Nature of mass spectrum, Importance of molecular ion peak, isotopic peaks,
base peak, nitrogen rule, rule of 13 for determination of empirical formula and molecular
formula.
Ref:- 1: 170-186.
Ref:- 2: 415-424.
Ref:- 3 : 2-15.
Ref:- 4 : 401-417.
UNIT 2. Ultra Violet Spectroscopy (9L, 12M)

Introduction, nature of UV spectrum, Beer’s law, absorption of UV radiation by organic
molecule leading to different excitations. Terms used in UV Spectroscopy: Chromophore,
Page 23 of 70
Auxochrome, Bathochromic shift (Red shift), hypsochromic shift (Blue shift), hyperchromic
and hypochromic effect. Effect of conjugation on position of UV band. Calculation of λ-max
by Woodward and Fisher rules: for dienes and enone system, Applications of UV
Spectroscopy: Determination of structure, determination of stereo chemistry (cis and trans),
problems.
Ref:- 1: 1-27.
Ref:- 2: 9-53.
Ref:- 4: 367-398.
UNIT 3. Infra-red Spectroscopy (9 L, 12M)

Introduction, Principle of IR Spectroscopy, fundamental modes of vibrations (3N-6, 3N-5)
Types of vibrations (Stretching and bending), Regions of IR Spectrum: functional group
region, finger print region and aromatic region, Characteristic IR absorption of functional
groups: Alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alcohol, ethers, alkyl-halides, carbonyl compounds (-
CHO, C=O, -COOR, -COOH), amines, amides and Aromatic Compounds and their
substitution Patterns. Factors affecting IR absorption: Inductive effect, resonance effect,
hydrogen bonding. Applications of IR Spectroscopy: determination of structure, chemical
reaction and hydrogen bonding, Problems.
Ref:- 1 : 28-57.
Ref:- 2 : 65-154.
Ref:- 3 : 71-109.
Ref:- 4 : 26-93.
UNIT 4. NMR Spectroscopy (9L,12M)

Introduction, Principles of NMR Spectroscopy, Magnetic and nonmagnetic nuclei,
Precessional motion of nuclei without mathematical details, Nuclear resonance, chemical
shift, shielding, & deshielding effect. Measurement of chemical shift, delta and Tau-scales.
TMS as reference and its advantages, peak area, integration, spin-spin coupling, coupling
constants, J-value (Only first order coupling be discussed), problems.
Ref:- 1: 63-145.
Ref:- 2 : 185-356.
Ref:- 3 : 144-216.
Ref:-4 : 108-160.
Page 24 of 70
UNIT 5. Combined Problems Based on UV, IR, NMR & Mass (9 L, 12M)
Determination of structure of simple organic compounds on the basis of spectral data such as
λ max values, IR frequencies, chemical shift (δ values), coupling constant, peak values
provided to the students.
Reference Books:
1. Spectroscopic Methods in Organic Chemistry, D. H. Williams & I. Fleming, 5th Ed.
2. Spectroscopy of Organic Compounds, P. S. Kalsi, New Age Int. Pub., 6 th Ed., 2007
3. Spectrometric Identification of Organic Compounds, R. M. Silverstein and F. X.
Webster , John Wiley and Sons Inc, 7th Edition.
4. Introduction to Spectroscopy, Donald L. Pavia, Gary M. Lampman, George S. Kriz
and J. R. Vyvyan. Indian Edition. Cengage Learning; 5th edition (2015)
Page 25 of 70
Semester V Core Course IV
CH-504
Subject- Industrial Chemistry
(Theory: Lectures 45 hrs, Marks 60) (Credits: 03)
Course objectives
 To produce graduates with enhanced skills, applied knowledge, aptitude
to carry out higher studies or research and development in the various
industrial areas.
 To make the student cognizant about important aspects of Chemical
Industries, Industrial work culture and environment.
 To prepare the students for immediate entry to the workplace with sound
theoretical knowledge and some basic experimental concepts in the area
of various industries viz. Sugar Industry, Fermentation Industry,
Petroleum and Petrochemicals.
 To offers the synergism between basic concepts of Chemistry with
Industrial applications.
 To equip the students with knowledge of some industrial organic
synthesis as requirement of diverse chemical industries.
 Empower the students to understand the concepts in chemical processing,
engineering and industrial development.
Learning outcomes
From the course CH: 504 Industrial Chemistry, the student will be able to
understand….
 Basic requirements of Chemical Industry, different terms, operations and
processes involved in chemical Industry.
 Describe Copy Right Act, Patent Act and Trade Marks, Bureau of Indian
Standards (BIS) and International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
Page 26 of 70
 Basic requirements, raw materials, different processes and operations
involved in Sugar Industry and also different grades of sugar and uses of
by-products of sugar industry.
 Importance of fermented products, basic requirements, theory and process
of alcohol making, fractional distillation and various terms involved in
Fermentation Industry.
 Understand Occurrence of Petroleum, theories of formation of Petroleum
and different terms Viz. Knocking, Anti-Knock Compounds, Octane
number, Cetane number, Gasohol and Power alcohol etc.
 Manufacturing processes involved in Industrial Organic Synthesis such as
Methanol, Isopropanol, Glycerol, Acetylene and Aromatic hydrocarbon
i.e. Toluene from petroleum with their uses.
UNIT 1: General Aspects of Industrial Chemistry (L-9, M-12)

Introduction, Basic Requirements of Industrial Chemistry, Chemical Production, Raw
Materials, Unit Process and Unit Operations, Quality Control, Quality Assurance, Process
Control, Research and Development, Pollution Control, Human Resource, Safety Measures,
Classification of Chemical Reactions, Batch and Continuous Process, Conversion,
Selectivity, Yield, Copy Right Act, Patent Act and Trade Marks. Bureau of Indian Standards
(BIS), International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
Ref.1: Chapter 2(26, 27, 31 to 36)
Ref.4: Chapter 1 and 2 (Relevant Pages)
Ref.6: Chapter 1, 2 and 3 (Relevant Pages)
Ref: Websites and Web Pages
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/patentact , www.wikipedia.org/wiki/trademarks,
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/trademarks,www.wikipedia.org/wiki/bis
www.wikipedia.org/wiki/iso
UNIT 2: Sugar Industry (L-9, M-12)

Introduction, Sugar Industry in Maharashtra and India, Manufacture of Cane Sugar-
[Refining (with flow sheet)], General Idea of Sulphitation and Carbonation, Concentration
/Evaporation, Crystallization Separation of crystals. Grades, Baggase, Cellotex
Ref.3: Chapter 38 1208 to 1218 (Relevant Points Only)
Page 27 of 70
UNIT 3: Fermentation Industry (L-9, M-12)
Introduction, Alcohol fermentation, Uses of alcohol, Theory underlying process of making
alcohols beverages, Manufacture of Beer, Manufacture of Spirit, Alcohol from Cane Sugar
Molasses, Theory of fractional distillation – Coffey’still, Rectified spirit, Absolute alcohol,
Fusel oil, Proof spirit, Denatured alcohol.
Ref.2:578-596.
Ref.3: Chapter 36, 1175-1190 (Relevant Points Only)
UNIT4: Petroleum Industry. (L-9, M-12)

Occurrence, Petroleum producer countries in the world, Exploration Methods, Composition
of Petroleum, Refining or Distillation of Petroleum, Anti-Knock Compounds, Octane
number, Cetane number, Petrohol (their definitions only), Manufacture of Petrol or Gasoline
by Bergius Method, Cracking process- Thermal, Catalytic, Hydro cracking.
Ref.1: 340 to 352, 356 to358 and 363 to 368.
Ref.3: Chapter 4, 217 to 311 and Chapter 5, 312 to 342 (Relevant Points only)
UNIT 5: Industrial Organic Synthesis (L-9, M-12)

Manufacture of methanol from synthesis gas, Isopropanol from propylene, Glycerol from
propylene via allyl chloride, Acetone by catalytic dehydrogenation of isopropanol. (with flow
sheet diagram), Unsaturated Hydrocarbon –preparation of Acetylene from Natural gas (with
flow sheet), Aromatic hydrocarbon- Preparation of toluene (with flow sheet)
Ref.3: Chapter 11, 439 to 451 and Chapter 14, 493 to 522 (Relevant Points Only).
References:
1. Principles of Industrial Chemistry, Chris A Clausen III and Guy Mattson, John Wiley and
Sons, Inc. Somerset, 1978, New York.
2. Shreve’s Chemical Process Industries, George T. Austin, 5 th Edition, The McGraw-Hill,
1984, New York.
3. Industrial Chemistry, B. K. Sharma, 16th Edition, Goel Publishing House, Meerut,(U.P.)
2011, India.
4. Comprehensive Industrial Chemistry, P.G. More, 1st Edition, Pragati Prakashan, Meerut,
(U.P.) 2010, India.
Page 28 of 70
5. Chemistry and Technology of the Cosmetics and Toiletries Industry, D.F. Williams and
W.H. Schmitt Blackie Academic &. Professional First edition 1992 Second edition 1996
© Chapman & Hall ISBN-13 :978-94-0 10-7194-9 e-ISBN-13:978-94-009-1555-8
6. Handbook of Industrial Chemistry Organic Chemicals, Mohammad Farhat AIi, Bassam
M. El AIi, James G. Speight, The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2005, ISBN 0-07-141037-6
Page 29 of 70
Semester VI Core Course IV
CH-604
Subject- Chemistry of Industrially Important Products
(Theory: Lectures 45 hrs, Marks 60) (Credits: 03)
Course objectives
 To make student perceptive about various commodity industries viz.
Cosmetics and Perfumes, Dyes and Pharmaceuticals, Pesticides, Soaps
and Detergents, related diversified and multidisciplinary fields of
chemical industry.
 To produce graduates with enhanced skills, knowledge and research
aptitude to carry out higher studies or research and development in the
various industrial areas.
 To equip students with advance knowledge about various industrially
important products.
 To makes students ready for immediate entry to the workplace with
sound theoretical and basic experimental knowledge in the areas of
various industries.
 To engender the substantial interest in the students to understand the
concepts in chemical processing, engineering and industrial development
of present era viz. Cosmetics and Perfumes Industry, Dyes and
Pharmaceuticals, Pesticides, Soaps and Detergents, related
multidisciplinary and diversified fields of chemical industry.
 To describe the industrial production of a number of important organic
and inorganic compounds / chemicals and products of end use.
 To gain comprehensive knowledge of cutting-edge developments in a
field of different chemical industries by discussions and exchange of
experiences and knowledge.
 To develop proficiency in application of current aspects of industrial
chemistry.
Page 30 of 70
Learning Outcomes
On successful completion of the course CH: 604 Chemistry of Industrially
Important Products, the student will be able to understand….
 Describe the industrial production of a number of important organic and
inorganic compounds / chemicals and products of end use.
 Gain comprehensive knowledge of cutting-edge developments in a field
of different chemical industries.
 Importance of Cosmetics Industry and a general study including
preparation and uses of the Hair dye, hair spray, shampoo, suntan lotions,
lipsticks, talcum powder, nail enamel, creams (cold, and shaving creams).
 Perfumes and identify the distinguishing features of its components and
also an essential oils and their importance in cosmetic industries with
reference to Eugenol, Geraniol, sandalwood oil, eucalyptus, rose oil, 2-
phenyl ethyl alcohol, Jasmone, Civetone, Muscone etc.
 Know about pesticides both natural and synthetic, benefits and adverse
effects of it, also synthesis, manufacture and uses of pesticides viz.
Organochlorines (DDT, Gammexene,); Organophosphates (Malathion,
Parathion); Anilides (Alachlor and Butachlor).
 Definition, classification, raw material used in soaps and detergents,
reaction involved in it, Manufacture of Soaps and cleansing action of
soaps and detergents.
 Definition, properties of good dyes, relation between colour and
constitution, classification of dyes according to their mode of application
and chemical constitution.
 Importance’s, definition and meaning of the different terms involved in
Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Industry and also synthesis, uses, properties
and industrial manufacture of Paracetamol, Aspirin, and
Chloramphenicol.
Page 31 of 70
UNIT 1: Chemistry of Cosmetics (L-9, M-12)
Introduction, Raw materials and general study including preparation and uses of the
following: Hair dye, shampoo, suntan lotions, lipsticks, talcum powder, nails enamel, creams
(cold and shaving creams).
Ref.: 6 Chapter -1, 1 to 34, Chapter -2, 36 to 100, Chapter -3, 104 to 145, Chapter - 4
149 to 181 and Chapter- 9, 290 to 309. Relevant Points Only
UNIT 2: Chemistry of Perfumes (L-9, M-12)

Essential oils A general study including properties, uses and importance in cosmetic
industries with reference to Eugenol, Geraniol, sandalwood oil, eucalyptus, rose oil, 2-phenyl
ethyl alcohol, Jasmone, Civetone, Muscone and antiperspirants and artificial flavours.
Ref. 3: Chapter 53, 1520 to1544 Relevant Points Only.
Ref.6: Chapter 8, 272 to 289, Chapter 10, 310 to 344, Relevant Points Only.
UNIT 3: Pesticide Chemistry (L-9, M-12)

General introduction to pesticides and their changing concepts (natural and synthetic),
benefits and adverse effects of pesticides, structure activity relationship, synthesis and uses of
representative pesticides in the following classes: Organochlorines (DDT, Gammexene,);
Organophosphates (Malathion, Parathion); Anilides (Alachlor and Butachlor).
Ref.3: Chapter 41, 1280 to1318 Relevant Points Only.
Ref.7: Chapter 11, 381 to 426 Relevant Points Only.
UNIT 4: Soap and Detergents (L-9, M-12)

Soaps, Surfactants and its Importance, Raw Materials used in Soap Manufacture,
Manufacture of Soaps (Continuous Process), Cleansing action of Soap, Classification of
Soaps, Detergents, Principal group of Synthetic Detergents, Detergents builders and
Additives, Comparison between Soap Detergent.
Ref.3: Chapter 39, 1219 to1251 and Chapter 40,1252 to1279 Relevant Points Only.
Ref. 6: Chapter- 5, 123 to160 Relevant Points Only.
UNIT 5: Dyes, Drugs and Pharmaceuticals. (L-9, M-12)

(a) Dyes: Introduction, properties of dyes, Otto Witts theory only, Classification of dyes
according to their mode of application and Chemical Constitution.
Page 32 of 70
(b) Drugs and Pharmaceuticals: Introduction, Importance, Qualities of good drugs,
Functional and chemotherapeutic drugs, Meaning of the terms: Prescriptions, Doses,
Analgesic, Antipyretics, Antibiotics, Anti-inflammatory, Anti-viral, Cardiovascular, Cough
and Cold Preparations, Sedatives and Hypnotics, contraceptives. Synthesis, uses, manufacture
and properties of Paracetamol, Aspirin, Chloramphenicol
References:
1. Principles of Industrial Chemistry, Chris A Clausen III and Guy Mattson, John Wiley
and Sons, Inc. Somerset, 1978, New York.
th
2. Shreve’s Chemical Process Industries, George T. Austin, 5 Edition, The McGraw-
Hill, 1984, New York.
3. Industrial Chemistry, B. K. Sharma, 16th Edition, Goel Publishing House,
Meerut,(U.P.) 2011, India.
4. Comprehensive Industrial Chemistry, P.G. More, 1stEdition, Pragati Prakashan,
Meerut,(U.P.) 2010, India.
5. Chemistry and Technology of the Cosmetics and Toiletries Industry, D.F. Williams
and W.H. Schmitt Blackie Academic &. Professional First edition 1992 Second
edition 1996 © Chapman & Hall ISBN-13 :978-94-0 10-7194-9 e-ISBN-13:978-94-
009-1555-8
6. Handbook of Industrial Chemistry Organic Chemicals, Mohammad Farhat AIi,
Bassam M. El AIi, James G. Speight, The McGraw-Hill Companies, 2005, ISBN 0-
07-141037-6
Page 33 of 70
Semester V Skill Enhancement Course
CH-505
Subject- Analytical Instrumentation
Course Objectives
 To develop an understanding of the range and uses of analytical methods
in chemistry.
 To understand and establish the role of chemistry in quantitative analysis.
 To enhance the Analytical instrumental skill of the students.
Learning Outcomes
 Explain the fundamentals of analytical methods and instruments for
qualitative and quantitative Analysis.
 Express the role of analytical chemistry in science.
 Students will be able to function as a member of an interdisciplinary
problem solving team.
UNIT 1:-Spectrometry (9L, 12M)

Origin of spectra Interaction of electro-magnetic radiation with matter, Electro-magnetic
Spectrum, The Absorption of Radiation, Solvents for Spectrometry, Quantitative
Calculations, Beer’s Law, Principles of instruments - Sources, Monochromators (prism,
diffraction gratings, Optical filters), Cells, detectors, Slits Width, Single Beam Spectrometer,
Spectrometric Errors, Deviation from Beer’s Law - Chemical deviation, Instrumental
deviation, Problems.
Ref.-1:- 398-401, 410-411, 413--435, 439-443.

Ref. 2 -6:-Relevant Pages
UNIT 2: Infrared Spectrometry (9L, 12M)

Infra red Spectrometry – Principles, Theory, Instrumentation, Source, monochromator,
detectors, Single beam, Double beam, Types, Sampling Technique, Solvents, Spectrometric
error, FTIR introduction, General applications.
Page 34 of 70
Ref.-2: 447 – 458
Ref.-4: 527-576
Ref. 2-6: Relevant Pages
UNIT 3. A: Emission Spectrometry (9L, 12M)

Flame Emission Spectroscopy – Principles, Theory, Instrumentation, Experimental
techniques, Interferences and applications , Advantages and disadvantage, Plasma Emission
Spectrometry – Principles, Plasma as excitation source, inductively coupled Plasma source,
ICP-AES Instrumentation, Applications.
Ref.-1: 462 - 467
B:-Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
Introduction, Principles, Advantages over FES, Instrumentation – Sources, Burners, Flames,
Interferences – Spectral Interferences, Ionization Interferences, Refractory Compound
Formation,Hallow cathode lamps, Physical Interferences, Use of Organic Solvents, Sample
Preparation, Applications of AAS. Comparison of AAS with atomic emission methods
Ref.-1: 467 - 475

Ref. 2-6:Relevant Pages
UNIT 4:-Potentiometry (9L, 12M)

Potentiometer, The Cell for Potential Measurements, Combination Electrode, Theory of
Glass Membrane Potential, The Alkaline Error, The Acid Error, Standard Buffers, Ion-
selective Electrodes - Glass Membrane Electrodes, Precipitate Electrodes, Solid-State
Electrodes, Liquid-Liquid Electrodes, Plastic Membrane/Ionophore Electrodes, Coated Wire
electrodes, Enzyme Electrodes.
Ref.-1: 312-313,316-325
Ref.-2 -6: Relevant Pages
UNIT 5:-PHmetry (9L, 10M)

Introduction to pH meter, The Glass pH Electrode Principle, Accuracy of pH Measurements,
Measurements with the pH-meter, Making the pH Measurement, Fundamental limitations,
Maintenance.
Ref.-8: 327-333
Ref.-2 - 8: Relevant Pages
Page 35 of 70
Reference Books:-
1. Analytical Chemistry, G.D. Christian, 5th Edition.
2. Analytical Chemistry Principal- J. H. Kennedy. 2nd Edition (1990)
3. Analytical Chemistry, An Introduction, Skoog, West and Holler, 6 th Edition
4. Instrumental Method of Chemical Analysis, Chaitwal and Anand, 5th Edition.
5. Basic Concept of Analytical Chemistry, S.M. Khopkar
6. Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis- Willard, Merritt, Dean and Settle, 6th
Edition
7. Introduction to Instrumental Analysis, R.D. Braun
8. Vogel's Textbook of Quantitative Chemical Analysis, J. Mendham, R. C. Denney, J. D.
Barnes, M. J. K. Thomas, 6th Edition,
Important Instrument web links

Instruction Manual Operation Guide UV-1800 Shimadzu Spectrophotometer,
http://www.sustainable-desalination.net/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/UV-1800.pdf
Instruction Manual Operation Guide Agilent 5500 Series FTIR,
https://www.agilent.com/cs/library/usermanuals/public/5500_series_ftir_operation_manual.p
df
Instruction Manual Operation Guide Agilent 700 Series ICP Optical Emission
Spectrometers,
https://www.agilent.com/cs/library/usermanuals/public/8510230100_700SeriesICP_UserMan
ual.pdf
Instruction Manual Operation Guide Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry,
https://www.agilent.com/cs/library/usermanuals/Public/0009.pdf
Instruction Manual Operation Guide Potentiometry,
http://nhp.mowr.gov.in/docs/HP2/MANUALS/Water%20Quality/5014/-download-manuals-
WaterQuality-WQManuals-32PotentiometricAna.pdf
http://shop.hannasingapore.com/media/pdf/2016-01-11-HI901C-Full.pdf
User Manual pH meter F-71, HORIBA, Ltd. 2011
http://library.metergroup.com/Manuals/Horiba/BenchtopPh/F-71%20Manual.pdf
Page 36 of 70
Semester VI Skill Enhancement Course
CH-605
Subject- Analytical Techniques
Course Objectives
 To provide knowledge of instruments which are used in Chemical,
Pharma, Petroleum, and insecticide and pesticide industry
 To increase student technical skill as per industry need.
 To develop an understanding of the range and uses of analytical methods
in chemistry.
Learning Outcomes
 Compare the Instrumental methods and non instrumental methods and
there advantages.
 Solve the problem of detection and separation using analytical
instruments.
 Students will be able to explore new areas of research in both chemistry
and allied fields of science and technology.
 Students will be able to explain why chemistry is an integral activity for
addressing social, economic, and environmental problems.
UNIT 1:- Solvent Extraction (9L, 12M)

The Distribution Co-efficient, The Distribution Ratio, Percent Extracted, Solvent Extraction
of Metals - Ion Association Complex and Metal Chelates, The Extraction Process, The
Separation Efficiency of Metal Chelates, Analytical Separations, Multiple Batch Extractions,
Countercurrent Distribution, Simple numerical problems on Percent Extracted and Multiple
Extraction, Problems
Ref.1: 484 to 498.
Page 37 of 70
UNIT 2:- High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (9L, 12M)
Introduction, Principles, Equipment for HPLC, Choice of Column Materials for HPLC,
Application
Ref.1: 537 to 545
Ref.2-6: Relevant Pages
UNIT 3:- Gas Chromatography (9L, 12M)
Introduction, Principles, Gas chromatography Columns, Gas Chromatography Detectors,
Column Efficiency in Chromatography- Theoretical Plates, 1) Van Deemter Equation, 2)
Capacity Factor and 3) Resolution, Problems
Ref.1: 522 to 528, 511 to 515
Ref.2-6:- Relevant Pages
UNIT 4:- Ion Exchange Chromatography (9L, 12M)

Introduction, Cation Exchange Resins, Anion Exchange Resins, Cross-linkage, Effect of pH
Separation of Amino Acids, Effect of Complexing Agents-Separation of Metal ions on Anion
Exchange Columns, Applications of Ion Exchange Chromatography
Ref.1: 517 to 522
UNIT 5:-Thermal Methods (9L, 12M)

General Discussion, Thermogravimetry- Instruments for thermogravimetry, Applications of
thermogravimetry, Differential Techniques- Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) and
Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Instruments for DTA and DSC, Experimental and
Instrumental Factors, Applications of DTA and DSC, Problems
Ref.-6: 503 - 519
Reference Books:-
1. Analytical chemistry, G.D. Christian, 5th Edition,
2. Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis, Chatwal and Anand
3. Basic Concept of Analytical Chemistry, S.M. Khopkar, 2nd edition,
4. Chemical Analysis by A. K. Shriwastawa, P. C.Jain, S. Chand and Company.
5. Quantitative Analytical Chemistry, James S. Fritz, George H.Schenk,5th Edition.
6. Vogel’s Text Book of Quantitative Chemical Analysis, J. Mandham, R.C.Denney, J.
D. Barnes, M. Thomas, B. Shivashankar, 6th Edition.
Page 38 of 70
Important Instrument web links
The LC Handbook Guide to LC Columns and Method Development,
https://www.agilent.com/cs/library/primers/public/LC-Handbook-Complete-2.pdf
Handbook and user manual of Gas chromatography
https://www.agilent.com/cs/library/usermanuals/Public/G3430-90011.pdf
Handbook and user manual of Ion Exchange Chromatography
https://www.agilent.com/cs/library/primers/Public/5991-
3775EN_BioIEX_HowTo_LR.pdf
Handbook and user manual of Ion Differential Scanning Calorimetry
https://www.perkinelmer.com/CMSResources/Images/46-
74542GDE_DSCBeginnersGuide.pdf
Page 39 of 70
Semester V Elective Course
CH-506(A)
Subject- Biochemistry
Learning Objectives
 To study different types of biomolecules.
 To study structure of biomolecules.
 To study classification of each type of biomolecules.
 To study reactions of the biomolecules.
 Study of metabolism and thus, study of metabolic processes and reactions
involved.
 To study energetics of the metabolic processes.
 Students should understand: Structure and role of Carbohydrates,
Amino acids, Proteins, Enzymes, lipids, Nucleic Acids and energy rich
compounds in biochemical reactions.
Course Outcomes
 Students will study biomolecules like carbohydrates, amino acids,
proteins, enzymes, lipids and nucleic acids.
 Students will understand definitions, classifications and examples of
these biomolecules.
 Students will learn the detailed structure of these biomolecules along with
types of bonds or linkages present in their molecules.
 Students will learn the chemical properties of these biomolecules and the
action of some reagents on them in the form of reactions or graphical
presentation.
 Students will understand biochemical energetics of common energy rich
compounds along with hydrolytic reactions.
Page 40 of 70
 Students will learn metabolisms like Glycolysis, TCA cycle,
Transamination, deamination and β- oxidation through reactions, enzymes
involved, outlines and energetics.
Unit 1. Carbohydrates (L-09, M-12)

a) Introduction, definition, classification.
b) Monosaccharaides: structure of glucose (open chain and ring structures). Kiliani
Fischer synthesis of D-glucose. Reactions of glucose: oxidation with bromine water and
nitric acid, reduction, acetylation, addition of HCN, NH2OH and phenyl hydrazine,
mutarotation.
c) Disaccharides: structure of sucrose, lactose and maltose.
d) Polysaccharides: storage polysaccharides, structure of starch, Structural
polysaccharides, structure of cellulose.
Ref 1 and 2: Relevant pages
Unit 2. Amino Acids and Proteins (L-09, M-12)

a) Amino acids: Introduction, structure of ammo acids, classification of amino acids,
amphoteric nature of amino acids, reactions of amino acids: with FDNB and Dansyl
chloride, formation of peptide bond
b) Proteins: Introduction, classification of proteins: based on functions and based on
shape, structure of proteins: primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure).
Study of some proteins:  keratins and hemoglobin. Separation of amino acids and
proteins by paper electrophoresis and dialysis
Unit 3. Enzymes and Lipids (L-09, M-12)

a) Enzymes: Introduction, specificity of enzymes, classification, role of enzymes in
biochemical reactions, Michaelis Menten equation (no derivation). Effect of substrate
concentration, P H and temperature on enzyme catalyzed reactions. Enzyme inhibitors:
introduction and types.
b) Lipids: Introduction, classification of lipids, fatty acids, nomenclature of fatty acids,
triacyl glycerols, hydrogenation of oils, Saponification value and iodine value of oils,
phospholipids and waxes.
Page 41 of 70
Unit 4. Nucleic Acids and Energy Rich Compounds (L-09, M-12)

a) Nucleic acids: Introduction, Components of nucleic acids: sugars, bases, nucleosides and
nucleotides. Watson and Crick model of DNA, types of RNA (structure not expected)
b) Energy rich compounds: Introduction, Pyrophosphates, acyl phosphates, enolic
phosphates, thiol esters (structure, hydrolytic reaction and energetics). Energy carriers in
biological redox systems: NAD+ and FAD
Ref 1 and 2- Relevant pages
Unit 5. Metabolism (L-09, M-12)

Definition of metabolism,
a) Carbohydrate metabolism: Glycolysis: reactions involved and energetics, TCA cycle
(Kreb cycle): Reactions involved and energetic
b) Amino acid Metabolism: Transamination, deamination (by enzymes - glutamic
dehydrogenase, ammonia lyases, deaminases and deamidases), decarboxylation
c) Lipid Metabolism: β- oxidation of fatty acids, reactions involved in β –oxidation,
energetics of β –oxidation of palmitic acid.
Ref 1 and 2- Relevant pages
Reference Books
1. Outlines of Biochemistry, Conn and Stumpf (4thEdition)
2. Principles of Biochemistry, A. L. Lehninger (2nd Edition)
Page 42 of 70
Semester V Elective Course
CH-506(B)
Subject- Green Chemistry
Course Objectives:
 There is rising concern since 1970 about environmental pollution,
depleting resources, climate change, ozone depletion, legislation which is
getting stringent with strict environmental laws, rising cost of waste
deposits, health concern and so on.
 We are facing the challenge to work towards sustainable development.
Since 1990, today's society is moving towards becoming more and more
environmentally conscious.
 Green chemistry has been introduced in1990 for overall sustainable
development against the environmental concerns.
 Green chemistry is not a new branch of chemistry, but it is a new way
chemistry, which should be practiced regularly.
 Innovations and applications of green chemistry in education has helped
companies not only to gain environmental benefits but at the same time to
achieve economic and societal goals also.
 This is possible because these undergraduate students are ultimate
scientific community of tomorrow.
Learning Outcomes:
 With this course, the graduate students will be able to understand the
twelve principles of green chemistry that will help to build the basic
understanding of toxicity, hazards and risk of chemical substances.
 The course will help to understand stoichiometric calculations and relate
them to green chemistry metrics. The students will learn about atom
economy and understand its importance over percentage yield.
Page 43 of 70
 The students will learn to design safer chemicals, products and processes
that are less toxic than the conventional chemistry, understand
significance of catalysis, use of renewable feed stock, renewable energy
sources, importance of green solvents, etc.
 The course will train the students to appreciate green chemistry and boost
the students to think and develop the skills to innovate and search for the
solutions to environmental problems.
 Green chemistry is only way of future chemistry to ensure sustainability
with absolute zero waste. The success stories and real-world cases will
motivate the young generation to practice green chemistry.
UNIT 1. Introduction to Green Chemistry (L-04, M-04)

Definition of Green Chemistry. Drawbacks of conventional chemistry. Need of Green
Chemistry, Minamata Disease. Goals of Green Chemistry
Ref:1 Relevant Pages
UNIT 2. Principles of Green Chemistry and Designing a Chemical Synthesis (L-12, M-18)
Twelve principles of Green Chemistry, role of Paul T. Anastas, importance of green
chemistry with examples: Prevention of waste/by-products, Atom economy, Prevention or
Minimization of hazardous products, Designing safer chemicals, Energy requirements for
synthesis, Selection of suitable solvents, Selection of starting materials, Use of protecting
groups, Use of catalysts, Designing of biodegradable products, Prevention of chemical
accidents, Strengthening of analytical techniques, industrial safety.
UNIT 3. Techniques in Green Chemistry (L-12, M-16)

a) Microwave assisted synthesis- Introduction and importance, Applications- Esterification,
Fries rearrangement, Orthoester Claisen Rearrangement, Diels-Alder Reaction,Hofmann
Elimination.
b) Ultrasound assisted reactions- Introduction and importance, Application- Esterification,
saponification, aromatic substitution reactions, alkylation, oxidation, reduction.
Page 44 of 70
UNIT 4. Solvents, Reagents and Catalysts in Green Chemistry (L-14, M-18)

a) Solvents- Introduction and Importance, Examples-Michael Addition in water, Bis-indolyl
methane in ionic liquid, tetrazole synthesis in deep eutectic solvent.
b) Reagents- Introduction and Importance, Examples- Alkylation using dimethyl carbonate,
Solid phase peptide synthesis using Merrifield reagent.
c) Catalysts- Introduction and Importance, Examples- Reduction of carbonyl group using
Baker's yeast, Esterification using Lipase enzyme, Zeolite clay and Cyclodextrin.
Ref 2: Relevant Pages
UNIT 5. Future Trends in Green Chemistry (L-03, M-04)

Biomimetic, Photochemical reactions, Multifunctional Reagents, Green chemistry in
sustainable development.
Reference Books:
1. New Trends in Green Chemistry, V.K. Ahluwalia and M.R. Kidwai: Anamalaya
Publishers (2005).
2. Green Chemistry- Theory and Practical, P.T. Anastas and J.K. Warner: Oxford
University Press (1998).
3. Introduction to Green Chemistry, A. S. Matlack: Marcel Dekker (2001).
4. Real-World Cases in Green Chemistry, M.C. Cann & M.E. Connely: American
Chemical Society, Washington (2000).
5. Introduction to Green Chemistry, M. A. Ryan & M. Tinnesand, American Chemical
Society, Washington, (2002).
6. Silent Spring, Rachel Carson, Houghton Mifflin Company, (1962).
*****
Page 45 of 70
Semester VI Elective Course
CH-606(A)
Subject- Polymer Chemistry
Learning Objectives
 The course offers the basic concepts of polymer, polymerization, classes

of polymers, important properties, and poly(lactic acid) as a
biodegradable polymer.
 The course also offers to study preparation, properties, and applications

of industrially important selected polymers.
 The course will give chance to study various mechanisms of

polymerization and learn different techniques of polymerization.
 The student will be able to understand glass transition temperature and
factors affecting on it and various ways to express molecular weight of
polymers.
Course Outcomes
After completing this course, the graduate should be able to

 Define terms like monomer, polymer, polymerization, polydispersity
index, etc., classify polymers based on their origin, native backbone
chain, and thermal response.
 Know glass transition temperature and its determination, various ways to

express molecular weights of polymers and polydispersity index.
 Identify different mechanisms of polymerizations viz. free radical, ionic,

and condensation polymerizations.
 Distinguish techniques of polymerization based on physical conditions

required for the preparation of polymers in laboratory or industry.
 Familiar with preparation, properties, and applications of industrially

important selected polymers.
Page 46 of 70
UNIT 1. Basic Concepts of Polymers (L-09, M-12)
Introduction, brief history, monomers and polymers, degree of polymerization, functionality,
linear, branched and cross linked polymers, homopolymers, Types of copolymers:- random,
alternate, block and graft copolymers, Tacticity (stereochemistry) of polymers: isotactic,
syndiotactic and atactic polymers. Classification of polymers:- based on a) origin- natural and
synthetic polymers b) native backbone chain – organic and inorganic polymers c) thermal
response – thermoplastic and thermo setting polymers d) ultimate form and use – plastic,
elastomer, fibre and liquid resin, Degradation of polymers:- types of degradation: chain end
and random degradations.
Ref. 1 and 2: Relevant pages
UNIT 2. Chemistry of Polymerization (L-09, M-12)

Introduction, chain growth polymerization (initiation, propagation, termination, and kinetics):
free radical polymerization, ionic (cationic and anionic) polymerizations, step growth
polymerization (mechanism and kinetics), ring opening polymerization.
UNIT 3. Polymerization Techniques & Polymer Processing Techniques

(L-9, M-12)
Polymerization techniques: - Bulk polymerization, solution polymerization, suspension
polymerization, emulsion polymerization, interfacial condensation polymerization.
Polymer processing techniques:- Calendaring, die casting, film casting, and compression
moulding.
UNIT 4. Study of Some Important Polymers (L-09, M-12)

Preparation, properties and applications of - Polyethylene [PE], Polypropylene [PP],
Poly(vinyl chloride) [PVC], Polystyrene [PS], Polyacrylonitrile [PAN], Polycarbonates [PC],
Phenol-formaldehyde resins [PF], Epoxy resins, Polyester - Polyethyleneterephthalate[PET],
Polyamides (Nylon-6 and Nylon-6,6), Poly(vinyl alcohol) [PVA], Poly(lactic acid) [PLA],
Polyaniline, and Polybutadiene.
Page 47 of 70
UNIT 5. Glass Transition Temperature (L-09, M-12)
Glass transition temperature:- Definition and explanation, factors affecting glass transition
temperature, Glass transition temperature and molecular weight, Glass transition temperature
and melting point, importance of glass transition temperature, determination of glass
transition temperature by dilatometry.
Molecular weights of polymers:-types of molecular weights-number average molecular
weight, weight average molecular weight, viscosity average molecular weight, sedimentation
average molecular weight, and poly dispersity index.
Reference Books
1. Polymer Science, V. R. Govarikar, N. V. Viswanathan, JayadevSreedhar, New Age
International (P) Ltd., New Delhi, 1997.
2. Text books of Polymer Science, F. W. Billmeyer, John Wiley & Sons; 3rd edition,1984.
Page 48 of 70
Semester VI Elective Course
CH-606(B)
Subject- Research Methodology for Chemistry
Course Objectives:
 To familiarize students towards basics of research, process of research
and methods.
 To enable the student in conducting research work and formulating
research synopsis and report.
 To learn the analysis of primary research articles and peer review articles.
 To improve student understanding of how scientific questions are
developed and posed through proposals and dissemination of research
results.
 To learn the scientific method of collecting and analyzing information.
 To learn the presentation of scientific information
 To aware the students about proper laboratory safety and techniques.
Learning outcomes:
The learning outcomes for this course of the following Chemistry Graduate
Program Goals:
 Students will learn about what is research, research methods and impact
of chemical research on society through pure and applied research.
 Students will learn how to analyze research in chemistry drawn from
contemporary primary chemical literature.
 Student will formulate thesis topic, explain its significance and propose
the methodology to be used in the thesis topic research.
 Student will demonstrate proficiency in scientific writing which includes:
Page 49 of 70
o Ability to interpret and synthesize primary research literature
related to the student's thesis topic.
o Ability to write a coherent narrative that explains the significance
of the thesis research with regard to the primary research literature.
o Ability to report original research results in a coherent narrative.
o Ability to explain and defend conclusions draw from original
results in narrative form.
o Prepare and present scientific topics orally utilizing presentation
software such as PowerPoint.
 Students will be able to design and carry out scientific experiments as
well as accurately record and analyze the results of such experiments.
 Students will be skilled in problem solving, critical thinking and
analytical reasoning as applied to scientific problems.
 Students will be able to communicate the results of scientific work in
oral, written and electronic formats.
 Students will appreciate the central role of chemistry in our society and
use this as a basis for ethical behaviour in issues facing chemists
including an understanding of safe handling of chemicals, environmental
issues and key issues facing our society in energy, health and medicine.
UNIT 1: Introduction to Research (L-9, M-12)

Definition of Research, Objectives of Research, Importance, and need for Research in a
related field. Motivation in Research Methods versus Methodology, Classification and types
of Research, Pure and applied Research, Difference between Computational lab and wet lab
research, theoretical and experimental models, Criteria of Good Research Application of
theoretical knowledge in designing of experiments. Methods of Data Collection
List of National Importance Institutes and List of CSIR Laboratories
Ref. 3: 1-24.
UNIT 2: Print Literature Resources (L-9, M-12)
Page 50 of 70
Sources of information: Primary, secondary, tertiary sources; Journals: Journal abbreviations,
abstracts, current titles, reviews, monographs, dictionaries, text-books, current contents,
Introduction to Chemical Abstracts and Beilstein, Subject Index, Substance Index, Author
Index, Formula Index with examples.
Ref. 1: 299-317;
Ref. 2: 1569-1603
UNIT 3: Digital Literature Resources (L-9, M-12)

The Internet and World Wide Web. Internet resources for chemistry. Finding and citing
published information. Web resources, E-journals, Journal access, TOC alerts, Citation index,
Impact factor, H-index, UGC infonet, E-books. The introduction of Search engines, Scirus,
Google, Google Scholar, Chem Industry, Wiki- Databases, ChemSpider, American Chemical
Society, Royal Society of Chemistry, Wiley-inter science, Science Direct, Springer,
SciFinder, Scopus, C&EN News Reaxys.
Ref. 1: 299-317;
Ref. 2:1569-1603
UNIT 4: Writing Scientific Reports (L-9, M-12)

Writing Skills, Reporting practical and project work, Referencing, Organizing a poster
display. Communication Skills, Body Language, Giving an oral presentation. Content of
Research Papers, How to download Research Paper? How to Read Research Paper, Abstract
and Summary. What are Paper, Patent and Review? Introduction of Plagiarism and self
Plagiarism.
Ref. 1: 325-348; Ref. 3: 344-360.
UNIT: 5 Chemical Safety and Ethical Handling of Chemicals (L-9, M-12)

Safe working procedure and protective environment, protective apparel, emergency
procedure and first aid, laboratory ventilation. Safe storage and use of hazardous chemicals,
procedure for working with substances that pose hazards, flammable or explosive hazards,
disposal of waste chemicals, recovery, recycling and reuse of laboratory chemicals,
incineration and transportation of hazardous chemicals.
Ref. 6: 1.31–1.36, 1.40, 2.1-2.16, 5.79-5.85, 7.41-7.50, 8.25-8.31.
Reference Books:
Page 51 of 70
1. Practical Skills in Chemistry, 2nd Ed, .Dean, J. R., Jones, A. M., Holmes, D., Reed, R.,
Weyers, J. and Jones, A. Prentice-Hall, Harlow (2011)
2. APPENDIX A: The Literature of Organic Chemistry March’s Advanced Organic
Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure, Seventh Edition, by Michael B.
Smith and Jerry March Copyright John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (2013)
3. Research Methodology: Methods And Techniques, 3rd edition, Kothari, C.R.
Published by New Age International (P) Ltd., Publishers (2004),
4. How to Use Excel in Analytical Chemistry and in general Scientific Data Analysis.
Levie, R. de, Cambridge Univ. Press (2001).
5. Chemical Safety Matters – IUPAC – IPCS, Cambridge University Press, (1992).
6. OSU Safety Manual 1.01
7. Laboratory Safety for Chemistry Students, Hill R. H., Finster D. C. 8th ed.; John Wiley
and Sons: Hoboken, NJ, March (2017).
Page 52 of 70
T.Y.B.Sc. Chemistry
Semester -V Course No:- CH-507

Subject: Physical Chemistry Practical
(Practical: Lectures = 60 hrs, Marks 60) (Credits: 02)
Course Objectives
 To develop skills required in chemistry such as the appropriate handling
of apparatus, instruments and chemicals.
 The student will learn the laboratory skills needed to design, safely
conduct and interpret chemical research.
 To expose the students to an extent of experimental techniques using
modern instrumentation.
 The student will develop the ability to effectively communicate scientific
information and research results in written and oral formats.
Learning Outcomes
 Students will get basic analytical and technical skills to work effectively
in the various fields of chemistry.
 Students will able to calibrate and handle instruments like conductometer,
potentiometer, pH meter, colorimeter, spectrophotometer, polarimeter.
 They have ability to perform accurate quantitative measurements with an
understanding of the theory and use of contemporary chemical
instrumentation, interpret experimental results, perform calculations on
these results and draw reasonable, accurate conclusions.
 They get skills required in chemistry such as the proper handling of
apparatus and chemicals.
 They will have ability to present scientific and technical information
resulting from laboratory experimentation in both written and oral
formats.
Page 53 of 70
 Students will apply conductometer, potentiometer, pH meter, colorimeter,
spectrophotometer, polarimetery techniques for analysis and
measurement.
Instructions:
 The student should perform at least 10 experiments from each semester. It is expected
to perform at least one experiment from each technique.
 Use dilute solutions and in minimum amount.
 Use 50 ml volumetric flasks for preparation of solutions
 Scientific calculators (non-programmable) and practical handbooks are allowed
during practical examination.
Conductometry:
1. Conductometric titration of mixture of acids and hence determine the strength of
acids.
2. Determine the degree of hydrolysis and hydrolysis constant of sodium acetate
conductometrically.
Potentiometry:
1. Determine Ecal and pH of buffer solution (Citric acid + Na 2HPO4) using quinhydrone
electrode.
2. Determine the pKa and Ka of weak monobasic acid by potentiometric titration.
PHmetry:
1. Determine the amount of aspirin in the given tablet.
2. Determine the pKa of various mixtures of sodium acetate and acetic acid in solution
and hence to find the dissociation constant.
Polarimetry:
1. To study the kinetics of inversion of cane sugar by polarimeter.
2. Determine the concentration of given solution of an optically active substance (cane
sugar) by polarimetric measurement.
Flame Photometry:
3. Estimation of Na / K by flame photometer in the given sample.
Refractometery:
1. Determine the refractive indices of series of KCl solution and hence unknown
concentration of given KCl solution.
Page 54 of 70
Chemical Kinetics:
1. Study the hydrolysis of methyl acetate in presence of hydrochloric acid.
2. Determine the energy of activation of the reaction between K2S2O8 and KI. (Equal
initial concentration)
3. Investigate the kinetics of iodination of acetone (zero order reaction).
Viscosity:
1. Determine the molecular weight of high polymer using its solution of different
concentration.
Partition coefficient:
1. Determine the partition coefficient of iodine between carbon tetrachloride and water.
Page 55 of 70
T.Y.B.Sc. Chemistry
Semester -VI Course No:- CH-607
Subject: Physical Chemistry Practical
Instructions:
 The student should perform at least 10 experiments from each semester. It is expected
to perform at least one experiment from each technique.
 Use dilute solutions and in minimum amount.
 Use 50 ml volumetric flasks for preparation of solutions.
 Scientific calculators (non programmable) and practical handbooks are allowed
during practical examination
Conductometry:
1. Determine the relative strength of monochloro acetic acid and acetic
acidconductometrically.
2. Determine the basicity of organic acid by conductometric measurement.
Potentiometry:
1. Determine the amount of sodium chloride in a given solution by potentiometric
titration with silver nitrate.
2. Determine formal redox potential of Fe2+ to Fe3+ by potentiometric titration.
Colorimeter / Spectrophotometer:
1. Determination of λ max and concentration of unknown Cu 2+ solution and verify
Beer’s law.
2. Verify Beer’s law, determine unknown concentration and molar extinction coefficient
of Potassium permanganate.
PHmetry:
1. Determine the pKa and Ka of weak monobasic acid by pH metric titration.
2. Determine the degree of hydrolysis and hydrolysis constant of aniline hydrochloride
pH metrically.
Page 56 of 70
Polarimetry:
1. Determine the percentage of two optically active substances (d- sucrose and d-tartaric acid)
in a mixture polarimetrically.
Radioactivity:
1. Determine the Emax of Beta particle.
Refractometry:
1. Determine the refractive index of four liquids, hence specific and molarrefraction.
2. Determine the molar refraction of homologous methyl, ethyl and propylalcohol and
show that constancy configuration to molar refraction by –CH2group.
Chemical Kinetics:
1. Investigate the reaction between H2O2 and KI by gas burette method.
2. Determine the order of the reaction between potassium persulphate and potassium
iodide by fractional change method.
Viscosity:
1. Determine the radius of glycerol/sucrose molecule by viscosity measurement.
References:-
1. Findley’s Practical Physical Chemistry, B.P.Levitt, 9th Edition, Longman group Ltd.
2. Advanced Physical Chemistry Experiments, J.N.Gurtu and Amit Gurtu, Pragati
Prakashan
3. Systematic Experimental Physical Chemistry S.W. Rajbhoj, Dr. T.K. Chondekar, 3rd
edition, Anjali Publication, Aurangabad.
4. Experimental Physical Chemistry, V.D.Athawale, P. Mathur, New age International
Ltd,New Delhi.
5. Advanced Practical Physical Chemistry, J. B. Yadav, Goel Publishing House, Meerut
6. Advanced Practical’s in Physical Chemistry. Dr. Pande, Dr. Mrs. Datar, Dr. Mrs.
Bhadane, 4th revised Edition, Manali Publication, Pune.
7. Experimental Physical Chemistry, R.C. Das, B.Behra, Tata McGrawHill.
Page 57 of 70
STRUCTURE OF INTERNAL PRACTICAL EXAMINATION
Time allowed – 3 Hours Marks – 40
Q.1 Any One experiment from (CH-507/607) 30 Marks

Q.2 Oral 10 marks
Total: 40 Marks
STRUCTURE OF EXTERNAL PRACTICAL EXAMINATION

Time allowed: 3 Hours Marks: 60
Semester V (CH-507)
Q. 1. Any One experiment from CH-507 40 Marks
Q.2 Oral 10 Marks
Q.3 Certified Journal 10 Marks
Total: 60 Marks

Semester VI (CH-607)
Q. 1. Any One experiment from CH-607) 40 Marks
Q.2 Oral 10 Marks
Q.3 Certified Journal 05 Marks
Q.4 Industrial Tour Report 05 Marks
-
Total: 60 Marks
Page 58 of 70
T.Y.B.Sc. Chemistry
Semester -V Course No:- CH-508
Subject: Inorganic Chemistry Practical
Course Objectives:
 To analyze the inorganic mixtures.
 To determine metal from ore and alloy analysis.
 Using colorimetric analysis to determine amount of metal.
Learning outcomes:
 Student will able to determine cation & anion from inorganic mixtures by
using qualitative analysis.
 Student will able to determine metal from ore & alloys.
 Students will be able to design & carry out scientific experiments as well
as accurately record & analyze the results of experiments.
 Students will be able to handle colorimeter for estimation of metal ions.
1. Inorganic Qualitative Analysis: (Any Five)

Binary mixtures containing common anions (Excluding phosphates and borates)
2. Ore Analysis: (Any Two)
i) Heamatite ore - Estimation of Iron volumetrically
ii) Pyrolusite ore- Estimation of Manganese volumetrically
iii) Dolomite ore - Estimation of Calcium volumetrically
3. Alloy Analysis: (Any Two)
i) Estimation of Zn from Brass alloy .
ii) Estimation of Tin gravimetrically as SnO 2 from solder alloy.
iii) Estimation of Copper iodometrically from nichrome alloy.
iv) Determination of iron gravimetrically from stainless steel.
4. Colourimetric analysis (any one)
i) Colourimetric titration of Cu(II) against EDTA method .
ii) Estimation of Titanium using hydrogen peroxide.
Page 59 of 70
IMPORTANT NOTE:
• For volumetric analysis pipette out solution should be 10 ml
• Preparation of stock solution or standard solution should be in 100/50ml
volumetric flask in order to avoid wastage of chemicals.
References
1. A Text Book of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis, A. I. Vogel, 4th edition
2. Vogel’s Qualitative Inorganic Analysis, A. I. Vogel.
3. Practical Chemistry, O. P. Pandey, D. N. Bajpai, S. Giri, S. Chand Publication, New
Delhi.
4. Post Graduate Practical Chemistry, H. N. Patel, S. P. Turakhia, S. S. Kelker, S.
R. Puniyani, Himalaya Publishing House.

5. College Practical Chemistry, H. N. Patel, S. P. Turakhia, S. S. Kelker,
S.R. Puniyani, Himalaya Publishing House.

6. Practical Chemistry, K. K. Sharma, D. S. Sharma, Vikas Publication.
Page 60 of 70
T.Y.B.Sc. Chemistry
Subject: Inorganic Chemistry Practical
Course Objectives:
 To determine metal from gravimetric estimations.
 To determine amount of metal by volumetric analysis.
 To determine preparation /synthesis of co-ordination compound.
 To study separation techniques of metals.
 To use colorimetric analysis of metal.
Learning Outcomes:
 Students will be able to prepare co-ordination compounds.
 Students will be able to determine amount of metal by using quantitative
analysis.
 Students will be able to calculate Rf value of metal.
 Students will be able to design & carry out scientific experiments as well
as accurately record & analyze the results of experiments.
 Students will be able to explain why chemistry is an integral activity for
addressing social, economic & environmental problems.
1. Gravimetric Estimations: (Any Two)

i) Fe as Fe2O3
ii) Zn as Zn2P2O7
iii) Pb as lead chromate
iv) Al as Al2O3
2. Volumetric Analysis: (Any Two)
i) Manganese by Volhards method.
ii) Estimation of Nickel by EDTA method.
iii) Determination of strength of NaOH and Na2CO3 in a given solution.
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iv) Estimation of ferrous and ferric by dichromate method.
3. Inorganic Preparations: (Any Three)
i) Bis ( ethylenediamine ) copper (II) sulphate.
ii) Potassium trioxalato chromate (III).
iii) Tris (acetylacetonato) Iron (III).
iv) Hexaaquonickel (II) chloride.
v) Potassium tris oxalatoaluminate (III)trihydrate.
vi) Synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Zinc acetate dihydrate
4. Colourimetric Analysis: (Any One)
i) Estimation of iron using thiocynate method.
ii) To determine the concentration of cobalt in the given solution using R-nitroso salt
by colourimetry.
5. Paper Chromatography: (Any Two mixtures)
Separation and identification of binary mixture of cations ( Fe 3+,Ni2+, Cu2+,Co2+,
Mn2+,Zn2+)
IMPORTANT NOTE:
 For volumetric analysis pipette out solution should be 10 ml
 Preparation of stock solution or standard solution should be in 100/50 mL
volumetric flask in order to avoid wastage of chemicals.
References:
1. A Text Book of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis, 4th edition, A. I. Vogel,
2. Vogel’s Qualitative Inorganic Analysis, A. I. Vogel.
3. Practical Chemistry, O. P. Pandey, D. N. Bajpai, S. Giri, S. Chand Publication,
New Delhi.
4. Post Graduate Practical Chemistry, H. N. Patel, S. P. Turakhia, S. S. Kelker,
S. R. Puniyani, Himalaya Publishing House.

5. College Practical Chemistry, H. N. Patel, S. P. Turakhia, S. S. Kelker, S.R. Puniyani
Himalaya Publishing House.

6. Practical Chemistry, K. K. Sharma, D. S. Sharma, Vikas Publications.
Page 62 of 70
STRUCTURE OF PRACTICAL EXAMINATION
Inorganic Chemistry Practical
CH-508, Semester-V
Internal Examination Pattern

Time Allowed: 3Hrs. Max. Marks: 40
Q 1. Inorganic Qualitative Analysis/Ore Analysis/ Alloy Analysis 30 Marks

Q 2. Oral 10 Marks
40 Marks
External Examination Pattern

Q 1. Inorganic Qualitative Analysis/Ore Analysis/ Alloy Analysis 40 Marks

Q 2. Oral 10 Marks
Q 3. Journal (completed and certified) 10 Marks
-------------
60 Marks
Page 63 of 70
Inorganic Chemistry Practical
CH-608, Semester-VI
Internal Examination Pattern

Q 1. Gravimetric Estimations/Volumetric Analysis/colorimetric Analysis/

Inorganic Preparation and Paper Chromatography 30 Marks
Q 2. Oral 10 Marks
40 Marks
External Examination Pattern

Q 1. Gravimetric Estimations/Volumetric Analysis/colorimetric Analysis/

Inorganic Preparation and Paper Chromatography 40 Marks
Q 2.Oral 10 Marks
Q 3. Journal (completed and certified) 05 Marks
Q 4. Industrial Tour Report 05 Marks
60 Marks
Page 64 of 70
T.Y.B.Sc. Chemistry
Semester -V Course No: - CH-509
Subject: Organic Chemistry Practical
Course Objectives
 To develop skills required in chemistry such as the appropriate handling
of apparatus and chemicals.
 The student will learn the laboratory skills needed to design, safely
conduct and interpret chemical research.
 To expose the students to an extent of experimental techniques using
modern instrumentation.
 The student will develop the ability to effectively communicate scientific
information and research results in written and oral formats.
Learning Outcomes
 Separate and analyze binary water insoluble mixture.
 Separate and analyze binary water soluble mixture.
 Estimate - Acetamide, Glucose and Glycine by volumetric method,
 Estimate basicity of various acids.
 Synthesis of various organic compounds through greener alternatives.
 Understand Thin Layer Chromatographic techniques and physical
constant.
 Understand the purification technique use in organic chemistry.
I) Separation of Binary Mixtures and Qualitative Analysis (Any 6)

a) Solid-Solid (4 Mixtures) b) Solid-Liquid (1 Mixture) c) Liquid-Liquid (1 Mixture)
At least one mixture from each of the following should be given-Acid-Base, Acid-Phenol,
Acid-Neutral, Phenol-Base, Phenol-Neutral, Base-Neutral and Neutral- Neutral. (Solid-solid
mixtures must be insoluble in water)
Page 65 of 70
Note:
 Students are expected to determine type of the mixture and to separate the mixture.
 Separation of the Mixture should be done by chemical method only.
 It is expected to perform preliminary tests, physical constants, detection of elements
and determination of functional groups of separated compounds.
 On the basis of above tests, students are expected to determine structure of
compounds.
 The separated compounds should be purified and then melting point of purified
compound should be determined. The purified samples of the separated components
should be submitted.
 Separation and qualitative analysis of the binary Mixtures should be carried out on
micro scale using micro scale.
II) Organic Estimations (Any 2)

1. Estimation of acetamide
2. Estimation of basicity (Number of -COOH groups) of acid
3. Estimation of glycine
4. Saponification value of oil
III) Green Chemistry Preparation (Any 2)

1. Synthesis of acetanilide from aniline by using Zn dust / acetic acid.
2. Synthesis of dibenzalpropanone from benzaldehyde and acetone. using
LiOH.H2O/NaOH
3. Synthesis of p- bromo acetanilide from acetanilide by using KBr.
4. Synthesis of dihydropyrimidinone from ethyl ace to acetate, benzaldehyde and urea
5. Diels-Alder reaction between furan and maleic acid [4+2] Cycloaddition Reaction
Page 66 of 70
T.Y.B.Sc. Chemistry
Subject: Organic Chemistry Practical
I) Organic preparations (Any 6)

1. Benzoquinone from Hydroquinone (Oxidation by KBrO3 or K2Cr2O7)
2. Preparation of Sudan-I (Diazocoupling)
3. p-nitroacetanilide from Acetanilide (Nitration)
4. 2-Naphthyl ether from 2-Naphthol (Methylation by DMS, NaOH)
5. Hippuric acid from Glycine (Benzoylation)
6. p-Iodonitrobenzene from p-Nitroaniline (Sandmeyer Reaction)
7. m- Nitro aniline from m-Dinitrobenzene (Reduction)
8. Benzoic acid from Ethyl benzoate (Ester hydrolysis)
9. Isolation of Starch from Potato
10. Adipic acid from Cyclohexanone (Oxidation by Con. HNO3)
II) Preparation of derivatives (Any 3)

1. Oxime derivative of aldehydes or Ketones
2. Aryloxy acetic acid derivative of Phenol
3. 2, 4 DNP derivative of aldehydes or Ketones
4. Glucosazone derivative of Glucose
5. Anilide derivative of acid
III) Purification techniques (Any 1)

1. Solvent extraction using separating funnel
2. Preparative TLC
3. Steam distillation
Note:
 The Preparation or derivative should be carried out on small scale and the starting
compound should not be given more than one gm.
Page 67 of 70
 Purity of the sample in Preparation and derivative can be checked by thin layer
Chromatography (TLC).
 If product is impure, it should be purified.
 The Head of the Department must see that the industrial tour will be arranged
collectively by the Department staff members.
Reference Books
1. Practical Organic Chemistry, A. I. Vogel, Pearson, 5th Edition, 2005.
2. Practical Organic Chemistry, O. P. Agarwal, Krishna Prakashan Media (P) Ltd,
2014.
3. University Practical Chemistry, P. C. Kamboj, Vishal Publishing Co.; 1st (Reprint)
Edition, 2013.
4. Comprehensive Practical Organic Chemistry-Qualitative Analysis, V. K. Ahluwalia
and Renu Aggarwal, Universities Press, 2016.
5. R.B. Woodward and H. Baer, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1948, 70, 1161.
6. D. C. Rideout and R. Breslow, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1980, 102, 7816.
7. Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice, Anastas, P.T and Warner, J.C. Oxford
University Press (1998).
8. Monograph on Green Chemistry Laboratory Experiments, Green Chemistry Task
Force Committee, DST
Page 68 of 70
STRUCTURE OF INTERNAL PRACTICAL EXAMINATION
Time allowed – 3 Hours Marks – 40
Q.1 Any One experiment from CH-509/609) 30 Marks
Q.2 Oral 10 marks

Semester V (CH-509)
Q.1 Separation of Binary Mixtures and Qualitative Analysis of any one Compound
OR Organic Estimation
OR Green Chemistry Experiment 40 Marks
Q.2 Oral 10 Marks

Q.3 Journal (completed and certified) 10 Marks
Semester VI (CH-609)
Q.1 Organic Preparation / Derivative / Purification technique 40 Marks
Q.2 Oral 10 Marks
Q.3 Journal (completed and certified) 05 Marks
Q.4 Industrial Tour Report 05 Marks
Instructions
 In case of binary mixture experiment, examinee should identify type of mixture and
should separate the mixture. After separation, examiner should ask the examinee to
analyze any one compound from the mixture.
 In case of preparation of organic compounds and derivatives, product should be
purified by recrystallization.
 Industrial tour is compulsory for each student.
Page 69 of 70
T.Y.B.Sc Chemistry
(CBCS) Pattern equivalence
Equivalence in accordance with titles and contents of papers (for revised syllabus from
June 2020) are as follows…
Sr. Title of Old Paper Title of New Paper

No.
Semester-V
1. CH -351 Physical Chemistry CH – 501 Principles of Physical Chemistry-I
2. CH -352 Inorganic Chemistry CH – 502 Inorganic Chemistry
3. CH -353 Organic Chemistry CH – 503 Organic Reaction Mechanism
4. CH -354 Analytical Chemistry CH – 504 Industrial Chemistry
5. CH -355 Industrial Chemistry CH – 505 Analytical Instrumentation
6. CH -356 (A) Bio Chemistry CH – 506 (A) Biochemistry
7. CH -356 (B) Environment Chemistry CH – 506 (B) Green Chemistry
8. CH -357 Physical Chemistry Practical CH – 507 Physical Chemistry Practical
9. CH -358 Inorganic Chemistry Practical CH – 508 Inorganic Chemistry Practical

10. CH -359 Organic Chemistry Practical CH – 509 Organic Chemistry Practical
11. Non-Credit AC-510 NSS
Audit Course AC-511 NCC
(Any One) AC-512 Sports
Semester-VI
1. CH -361 Physical Chemistry CH - 601 Principles of Physical Chemistry-II
2. CH -362 Inorganic Chemistry CH - 602 Novel Inorganic Solids
3. CH -363 Organic Chemistry CH - 603 Spectroscopic Methods of
Structure Determination
4. CH -364 Analytical Chemistry CH - 604 Chemistry of Industrially
Important Products
5. CH -365 Industrial Chemistry CH - 605 Analytical Technique
6. CH -366 (C) Polymer Chemistry CH – 606 (A) Polymer Chemistry
7. CH -366 (D) Chemistry In Every CH – 606 (B) Research Methodology
Day Life for Chemistry
8. CH -367 Physical Chemistry Practical CH – 607 Physical Chemistry Practical
9. CH -368 Inorganic Chemistry Practical CH – 608 Inorganic Chemistry Practical
10. CH -369 Organic Chemistry Practical CH - 609 Organic Chemistry Practical
11. Non-Credit AC-610 Soft Skill
Audit Course AC-611 Yoga
(Any One)
AC-612 Practicing Cleanliness

Page 70 of 70

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Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari

North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon

Course Type Course code Course Title Credits Hours Teaching

Course Type Course code Course Title Credits Hours Teaching

Chairman B.O.S. Dean Science Faculty

Rules for Personal Safety in Chemistry Laboratory:

UNIT-1. Basic Quantum Chemistry (L-11, M-15)

UNIT-2. Chemical Kinetics (L-11, M-15)

UNIT-3. Phase Equilibrium (L-11, M-15)

UNIT- 4. Electrochemical Cell (L-12, M-15)

References and Suggested Readings

UNIT-1. Investigation of Molecular Structure (L-11, M-15)

UNIT-2. Nuclear Chemistry (L-12, M-15)

UNIT-3. Photochemistry (L-11, M-15)

UNIT-4. Crystal Structure (L-11, M-15)

References and Suggested Readings

UNIT-1: Structure and Reactivity of Molecules (L-09, M-12)

UNIT 2: Modern Theories of Coordination Compound Part –A (L-09, M-12)

UNIT 3: Modern Theories of Coordination Compound Part –B (L-09, M-12)

UNIT 4: Modern Theories of Coordination Compound Part –C (L-09, M-12)

UNIT 5: Modern Theories of Coordination Compound Part –D (L-09, M-12)

UNIT 1: Synthetic Methods of Nanomaterials (L-09, M-12)

Ref:1: 602-604, 624, 653-655.

UNIT 2: Inorganic Solids of Technological Importance (L-09, M-12)

UNIT 3: Cement and Lime (L-09, M-12)

UNIT 4: Fertilizers (L-09, M-12)

UNIT 5: Alloys (L-09, M-12)

(Theory: Lectures = 45 hrs, Marks 60) (Credits: 03)

UNIT 1. Nucleophilic Substitution at Saturated Carbon (9 L, 12M)

UNIT 2. Electrophilic Addition to C=C (9 L, 12M)

hydrogen halides, orientation of addition: Markownikoff’s and Anti Markownikoff’s addition

UNIT 3. Nucleophilic Addition to C=O (9 L, 12M)

UNIT 5. Elimination Reactions: (9 L, 12M)

UNIT 1. A) Introduction to Spectroscopy (9L, 12M)

UNIT 2. Ultra Violet Spectroscopy (9L, 12M)

UNIT 3. Infra-red Spectroscopy (9 L, 12M)

UNIT 4. NMR Spectroscopy (9L,12M)

UNIT 1: General Aspects of Industrial Chemistry (L-9, M-12)

UNIT 2: Sugar Industry (L-9, M-12)

UNIT4: Petroleum Industry. (L-9, M-12)

UNIT 5: Industrial Organic Synthesis (L-9, M-12)

UNIT 2: Chemistry of Perfumes (L-9, M-12)

UNIT 3: Pesticide Chemistry (L-9, M-12)

UNIT 4: Soap and Detergents (L-9, M-12)

UNIT 5: Dyes, Drugs and Pharmaceuticals. (L-9, M-12)

UNIT 1:-Spectrometry (9L, 12M)

Ref.-1:- 398-401, 410-411, 413--435, 439-443.

UNIT 2: Infrared Spectrometry (9L, 12M)

UNIT 3. A: Emission Spectrometry (9L, 12M)

Ref.-1: 467 - 475

UNIT 4:-Potentiometry (9L, 12M)

UNIT 5:-PHmetry (9L, 10M)

Important Instrument web links

UNIT 1:- Solvent Extraction (9L, 12M)

UNIT 4:- Ion Exchange Chromatography (9L, 12M)

UNIT 5:-Thermal Methods (9L, 12M)

Unit 1. Carbohydrates (L-09, M-12)

Unit 2. Amino Acids and Proteins (L-09, M-12)

Unit 3. Enzymes and Lipids (L-09, M-12)