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MODULE
ACTIVE AND PASSIVE
3 VOICE

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About this Module

Module 3 is about active and passive voice. This module is strategically designed
to address your self-paced learning style which guides you every step of the way and
provides enough activities for you to learn the concept of active and passive voice. As a
learner-centered material, this module consists of four (4) easy-to-learn and instructional
sections which will help you absorb the topic effortlessly and perfect your grammar
knowledge easily.

Since this module is self-paced, individualized, and designed with you in mind,
you are required to finish at your own convenience before the end of the week. Check-
up activities have checkers which allow you to check on your understanding of the
lesson in each section through an adult. Furthermore, this module also comes with a
progress monitor which allows you to keep track of your achievement and progress
through the Milestone Tracker.

Objectives
By the end of this module, you will be able to:
1. identify the voice of the sentence;
2. convert active voice to passive voice and vice versa; and,
3. discern when to use passive voice

Learning Outcomes
1. You will be able to harness your writing skill in academic writing with the
use of appropriate voice of the verb.
2. You will use your knowledge of active and passive voice in writing a
thorough presentation of information about the history or the origin of your
place.

To Do List
The following are the accomplishments that you need to come up with at the end
of the week.
Answer the pretest.
Study modules 3.1 through 3.4.
Answer ten (10) Check-up activities
Watch video tutorials of each lesson. The link is provided in every section.
Take online quizzes 1, 2, and 3 at
https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/english-grammar-reference/active-
and-passive-voice
Take the Summative Test and write an informative essay
Lesson Overview

Sentences can be active or passive. Therefore, tenses also have active forms and
passive forms. You must learn to recognize the difference to successfully perfect your
English grammar.

In active sentences, the thing doing the action is the subject of the sentence and
the thing receiving the action is the object. Most sentences are active.

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In passive sentences, the thing receiving the action is the subject of the sentences
and the thing doing the action is optionally included near the end of the sentences. You
can use the passive form if:
a. the thing receiving the action is more important or should be emphasized;
b. you do not know who is doing the action; or,
c. you do not want to mention who is doing the action.

Source: https://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/activepassive.html

What do you know?

Take the short pretest. Write your answer on the space provided.

1. What is the subject of the sentence?

The doctor cures the patient. _______________________

2. What is the tense of the verb in the sentence?

Father will fix the roof. _______________________

3. What is the function of the word picture in the sentence, SUBJECT or OBJECT?

Aaron took a picture. _______________________

4. Which of the following sentences contains a verb in simple present tense?

a. The cat stretched. _______________________

b. Jacob is standing on his tiptoes.
c. Maricar opens the door.

5. What is the voice of the given sentence, ACTIVE or PASSIVE?

Grace rinsed the dishes. _______________________

6. Which of the following is in active voice?

a. The flowers were watered. _______________________

b. The students are taking the exam.
c. The flat tire was changed by Tim.

7. Which of the following is in passive voice?

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a. Mom read the novel in one day. _______________________

b. The novel was read by Mom in one day.

8. Tell whether the active sentence is correctly written into passive sentence. Write
CORRECT OR INCORRECT.

Active: Tom painted the entire house. _______________________

Passive: Tom is painted by the entire house.

9. The given sentence is written in _______________________

The comet was viewed by the science class.

10. Change the active sentence into passive sentence.

The two kings are signing the treaty. _______________________

Check your answer with your teacher or any adult. The result of this test tells
you the extent of effort that you must exert in understanding active and passive voice.

What is your score? Whatever that is, you did a great job!

It is now time to start your Week 3 learning journey. Before anything else, below
are the sections that you need to go through till the end of the week.

Module 3.1 Subject, Verb and Object.

Module 3.2 Recognizing Active and Passive Voice

Module 3.3 Converting Active Voice to Passive Voice and Vice Versa

Module 3.4 When to Use Passive Voice

Now, you may start learning!

MODULE
SUBJECT, VERB, AND
3.1 OBJECT

Subject

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A sentence is commonly defined as a complete unit of thought. Normally, a

sentence expresses a relationship, conveys a command, voices of question, or describes
someone or something. It begins with a capital letter and ends with a period, question
mark, or exclamation mark.

The basic parts of a sentence are the subject and the verb (the predicate). The subject
is usually a noun – a word (or phrase) that names a person, place, or thing. It usually
appears before the predicate to show (a) what sentence is about, or (b) who or what
performs the action.

Tip: The subject usually appears at the beginning of the sentence. It shows who
or what does the action.

The subject may be just a single word: a noun or a pronoun. In the examples,
noun is the subject of the sentence. The subject answers the question next to the
sentence.

Felix laughed. Who laughed? Felix.

Time flies. What flies? Time.
The Mantos have returned. Who have returned? The Mantos.

Personal pronouns such as he, she, we, you and they may be used as a subject
aside from nouns. Imperative sentences have an implied subject “you”.

He laughed. Who laughed? He.

They went hiking. Who went hiking? They.
[You] Come back here. Who comes back here? You.

Tip: Compound subjects can be formed by linking two or more nouns, pronouns,
or noun phrases with the word and.

Examples:

Mary and Mike like watermelon. Who likes watermelon?

Mary and Mike
Both Tom and I are going Who are going on a cruise?
on a cruise. Tom and I.
Toy Story and Cars are movies What movies created by Pixar?
created by Pixar. Toy Story and Cars

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CHEK-UP ACTIVITY A. IDENTIFYING SUBJECTS

Underline the subject in each sentence.

1. Grace cried.
2. Max wrote a letter.
3. Bill Reynolds is an amazing baseball player.
4. The storm clouds are getting darker. Quick Tip: In
5. The stern judge ruled that the defendant was not guilty. identifying a
subject, ask
6. Juan and Julian worked so hard on their project. the question
7. The farmers are plowing the field. who or what.

8. The sun is moving.

9. Dogs and cats make the best pets.
10. The firemen are extinguishing the fire.

Verb
The verb (or predicate) usually follows the subject and identifies, shows, or
describes an action or a state of being. Words like run, jump, think, and look are all
verbs because they describe actions.

Verbs
walk watch write listen
talk see type dance
play cry sip catch
say sigh try hear
drink solve hang reach

How to recognize verbs?

Action verb is a word that shows what someone or something is doing. The one
or thing that does something is called the subject. Recognizing a verb or an action is easy
when you know what the subject of the sentence is.

Tip: In identifying the verb or action in the sentence, use the 2W Question
strategy.

Who does what?

What does the subject do?

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Let’s do the following example. And let’s use the 2W Question strategy.

1. Identify the subject by asking the question,

who does what?

Who solves the mystery?

Answer: Judy

2. Ask the question, what does the subject do?

Judy solves the mystery.
What does Judy do?
Answer: solve the mystery.

3. The verb indicates the action that is done by

the subject in the sentence. In this example,
solve is the verb.

1. Who does what?

Who finds a purple crayon?

Answer: Harold

Harold finds a purple 2. What does the subject do?

crayon.
What does Harold do?
Answer: finds a purple crayon.

3. The action that is indicated in the sentence is

finds.

In the following sentences, verbs are in bold.

1. Frank wakes up early in the morning.

2. He stretches his legs and arms so hard.
3. The sun shines so brightly in the east.
4. His mother calls him to the kitchen.
5. He hurriedly goes downstairs to help his mother.

PRACTICE B. RECOGNIZING VERBS

Underline the verb in each of the given sentences.

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1. Sal listens to his favorite song.

2. Craig hits the baseball over the fence.
3. The little pig grunts.
4. The roof of the house leaks.
5. The hunter searches for a deer.
6. Dr. Gold examines his patient.
7. The bluebird in the tree sings beautifully.
8. The football team dashes out of the locker room.
9. Paul reads The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.
10. Mrs. Gray buys a roll of paper towels at the store.

Objects
Another important sentence element that you need to learn before learning active
and passive voice is object. Objects are words that receive the action and usually follow
the verb. It is the who or what the subject does something to. They are nouns, pronouns,
or noun phrases.

The boy hit the ball.

In the example,
the action is expressed by the verb “hit.”
“The boy” is doing the action.
The word that receives the action “hit” is “the ball.”

Let’s look at another one:

They played the drums.

In this sentence,
‘They’ is the subject: the one performing the action and the one the
sentence is about
‘played’ is the verb: it is the action being performed by the subject
‘drums’ is the object: it is ’what’ is being played and it is ‘what’ the
subject is doing something to

Direct Objects

The objects such as ‘ball’ and ‘drums’ in the foregoing sentences are examples of
direct objects. Direct objects show who or what the action of the verb affects.

Tip: To find a direct object, (1) find the subject, (2) find the verb, and (3) put the
subject and verb in the blank: __________ who or what?

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Let’s take the following sentences for examples:

Joe drinks coffee.

Step 1. Find the subject: Joe.

Step 2. Find the verb: drinks
Step 3. S+V+what or who: Joe drinks what? Coffee.

Hence, ‘coffee’ is the direct object to which the action is acted upon.

Quinn ate cereal for breakfast.

Step 1. Find the subject: Quinn

Step 2. Find the verb: ate
Step 3. S+V+what or who: Quinn ate what? Cereal.

Therefore, ‘cereal’ is the direct object to which the action is acted upon. In the
following examples, the subject, verb, and object of the sentences are identified.

Subject-Verb-Object
Sentence Subject Verb Direct Object
Sarah ate cake Sarah ate cake
David built a ramp on the sidewalk. David built a ramp
She plays tennis. She plays tennis.

PRACTICE C. IDENTIFYING DIRECT OBJECTS

Underline the direct object in each sentence.

1. The teacher stopped the fight on the playground.

2. Jason bought the cool sports car last week.
3. Computers use electricity even if they are hibernating.
4. The soldier fired a gun at the enemy.
5. Todd sang a beautiful song in the class musical.
6. The fired destroyed the house and the car.
7. Thomas Edison invented the light bulb.
8. The pencil sharpener broke the pencil.
9. Many people choose Pepsi instead of milk.
10. The body produces vitamin D when exposed to sunlight.

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PRACTICE D. IDENTIFYING SUBJECT, VERB, AND DIRECT OBJECTS

Identify the subject, verb, or direct object in each sentence. Complete the table. One item,
one check. If an item has error, that item receives no score.

Sentence Subject Verb Direct Object

1. Jessy saved the kitten from the big dog.
2. Melvin plays basketball and baseball
each year.
3. When we arrived at the airport, we
boarded the plane.
4. Jim, Candy, and I ate lunch at the new
Chinese restaurant.
5. Lilly broke both legs when she fell from
the roof.
6. According to statistics, drugs kill
people every day.
7. The paleontologist found the dinosaur
bones on her last dig.
8. Chance carries notebooks, textbooks,
and pencils in his backpack.
9. When the chair overturned, it crushed
the table behind it.
10. The band played a hard rock song for
the party.

MODULE
RECOGNIZING ACTIVE
3.2 AND PASSIVE VOICE
Voices of Verb

Voice of verb refers to the relationship between the subject of the sentence and
the verb. In other terms, the voice indicates the role of the subject as doer or receiver of
the action. There are two verb voices in English: active voice and passive voice.

Active Voice

Active voice can be understood as the form of writing which depicts when the
subject is carrying out the action indicated by the verb and takes the object directly.

Tip: The sentence is in active voice when the subject performs the action.

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The sentences below are in active voice.

a. The chef prepares each meal with care.

S V DO
b. The thief stole my money.
S V DO

In the above examples, both subjects ‘chef’ and ‘thief’ perform the actions
‘prepares’ and ‘stole’. The objects ‘meal’ and ‘money’ receives the action.

In an active voice, as the subject does the action directed by the verb, it is
expressed as an agent of the main verb.

Passive Voice

Passive voice refers to the style of writing, which we use when instead of
emphasizing the subject we put stress on the action. Passive voice is also suitable when
the actor is not known or is not important, or you want to lay emphasis on the person or
thing on which the action took place. It can also be used when the discussion is made on
a universal fact or truth.

Tip: In passive voice, the subject receives the action.

The sentences below are in passive voice.

c. Each meal is prepared with care by the chef.

S V OPrep
d. My money was stolen.
S V

In the above examples, the subjects ‘meal’ and ‘money’ do not perform as the
doer of the action unlike the function of the subjects of the sentences a and b. Instead,
they are acted upon. The verbs are changed by using auxiliary verb “be” (is and was)
followed by the past participle of the verbs: ‘prepared’ for ‘prepares’ and ‘stolen’ for
‘stole’; thus, ‘is prepared’ and ‘was stolen’. The subject in sentence a become the object of
the preposition (OPrep) in passive sentence c; meanwhile, the doer of the action in
sentence b may not be mentioned as shown in sentence d.

Passive Verb Form

To make it clear, passive voice of the verb is its past participle form with the a
“be” verb form such as is, was, are, were, be, been, or being. Take a look at the examples.

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Active Verb Past Participle Form Passive Verb

tell told (be) told

Active : Mrs. Perez told the class a story.

Passive: A story was told to the class by Mrs. Perez.

The active verb ‘told’ is changed to ‘was told’ where ‘told’ is the past participle of
the verb ‘tell’ and ‘was’ as the be-verb.

Active Verb Past Participle Form Passive Verb

reserve reserved (be) reserved
Active
: Someone reserves the seat.
Passive: The is reserved.

The active verb ‘reserves’ is changed to ‘is reserved’ where ‘reserved’ is the past
participle of the verb ‘reserve’ and ‘is’ as the be-verb.

Active Verb Past Participle Form Passive Verb

catch caught (be) caught

Active : The policemen have caught the thief.

Passive: The thief has been caught by the policemen.

The active verb ‘have caught’ is changed to ‘has been caught’ were ‘caught is the
past participle of the verb ‘catch’ and the be-verb ‘been’ is added. In this example, the
number of be-verb is changed according to the number of subject.
Change of Subject, Change of Number

When the active voice is changed to passive voice, the number of the passive
verb depends on the number of the new subject. The subject of a passive sentence is the
object of the active voice.

Tip: Number refers to singular or plural. In Subject-Verb Agreement, the subject

and the verb should have the same number.

Study the following examples.

Active: William writes a novel about crime.

S V O
Passive: A novel about crime is written by William.
S V

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In the above example, the number of the object ‘novel’ in the active sentence is
singular. That means, in changing the sentence to its passive form, the be-verb should be
also singular with the use of be-verb ‘is’. Note: The be-verb ‘is’ is used instead of ‘was’
because the active verb ‘writes’ is in simple present tense.

Active: William wrote novels about crime.

S V O
Passive: Novels about crime were written by William.
S V

The active sentence is in past tense. The object of the verb ‘novels’ is plural. In
changing this active sentence to passive sentence, use the number of the object in
determining the number of be-verb; thus, the plural form of the be-verb should be used.
Note: the be-verb ‘were’ is used instead of ‘are’ because the active verb ‘wrote’ is in past
tense.

Now, let’s look into some faulty passive sentences.

Active: Tom cleans the house. Analysis

The passive voice is erroneously constructed.
Passive: Tom is cleaned by the house.
There is no change of subject-object roles.
The be-verb is wrong in form.
Passive: The house was cleaned by The active verb is in simple present tense
Tom. which supposedly makes a present verb
phrase.
Though there is sense in the construction, but
Passive: The house is being cleaned by
with respect to the active sentence, the passive
Tom.
sentence is wrong in tense.
The subject-object role is switched.
The verb is changed correctly.
Passive: The house is cleaned Tom.
But the object is not introduced by the
preposition ‘by’
Correct.
The object of the active sentence becomes the
subject of the active sentence.
The subject of the active sentence becomes the
object of the preposition ‘by’ in the passive
Passive: The house is cleaned by Tom. sentence.
The verb phrase ‘is cleaned’ is correctly
written following the rules of subject—verb
agreement.
The tense of the be-verb is the same as the
tense of the active verb.

Active: Frank repaired the car. Analysis

Wrong. No change of subject-object role. The
Passive: Frank is repaired by the car.
sentence doesn’t make sense at all.
Passive: The car is repaired by Frank. Wrong verb phrase. Active verb is in past

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tense.
Correct. The verb agrees with the new subject.
Passive: The car was repaired by Frank.
There is change of subject-object role.

Comparison Chart

Active Voice Passive Voice

The subject carries out the action The subject acts as the recipient of the
designated by the verb. action.
The subject acts upon the verb. The subject is acted upon by the verb.
The doer of the action appears at the Object on which the action is performed
beginning of the sentence. appears at the beginning of the sentence,
while the actor appears at the end.
Examples:
John likes Mary. Mary is liked by John.
He harvested the apples. The apples were harvested by him.
I was cooking food last night. Food was being cooked by me last night.

Tip: Only sentence with direct object can have a passive voice. Intransitive verbs
don’t have passive form.

Some sentences don’t have passive form. The following sentences cannot have a
passive form because they don’t have direct objects. This means that the verbs, called
intransitive verbs, don’t have object to which the action is acted upon.

1. The visitors arrive in the afternoon.

2. You should leave now.
3. The door opened slowly.
4. The interviews will begin in ten minutes.
5. The temperature is increasing.

Tip: In general, we mainly use the active voice, for writing purposes, to make
the sentence more simple, direct and easy to understand. On the other hand,
passive voice is mainly used in legal writing and for stylistic writing.

PRACTICE E. PASSIVE VERB FORM

Each passive sentence has an error in passive verb construction. Rewrite the correct
sentence on the space provided. An example is provided for your reference. (2 points
each)

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Example:
Active: John washes the dishes.
Passive: The dishes washes John.
The dishes are washed by John.

1. Active Thomas feeds his dog.

Passive The dog was fed by Thomas.

2 Active Kris solved the Math problems.

Passive The Math problems is solved by Kris.

3. Active The firemen extinguished the fire.

Passive The fire extinguished the firemen.

4. Active Liz is playing the piano.

Passive The piano was being played by Liz.

5. Active Julie answered the questions.

Passive The questions are answered by Julie.

6 Active The hunter killed the lion.

Passive The lion were killed by the hunter.

7 Active Someone cleaned the windows.

Passive The windows have cleaned.

8 Active A stray dog attacks the girl.

Passive The girls has attacked by a stray dog.

9 Active My dormmate will lock the door at ten o’clock.

Passive The door will lock by my dormmate at ten o’clock

1 Active She gave him a book for his birthday.

0
Passive He is given a book for his birthday.

PRACTICE F. RECOGNIZING ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE.

Tell whether each of the following sentences is an active voice or a passive voice. Shade
the appropriate circle.

AV PV
Activ Passiv
e e

O O 1. John buys a new laptop.

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O O 2. I am learning English from an expert.

O O 3. A suspect was questioned for sixteen hours by the police.

O O 4. The ballots have been counted.

O O 5. All humans are created equal.

O O 6. The cafeteria is cleaned.

O O 7. The students are learning Spanish.

O O 8. The clothes were bought by my mother.

O O 9. The money was given to the poor.

O O 10. We would usually eat burgers in the food court.

MODULE
CHANGING ACTIVE VOICE
TO PASSIVE VOICE & VICE
3.3 VERSA
In converting active voice to passive voice and voice versa, there are three things
that you need to keep in mind.
1. Sentence Pattern
2. Subject-Verb Agreement
3. Verb Tense

1. Sentence Pattern

Remember, in active sentence, the pattern is:

Example:
Simon dribbles the ball.

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subject verb object

In passive sentence, the pattern is:

passive verb
past
subject (object of the active object (subject of
+ be + participle of + by +
sentence) the active sentence)
the verb

Example:
The ball is dribbled by Simon.
subject passive verb object of the prep

2. Verb Tense

When changing active voice to passive voice, always consider the tense of the
active verb. That means, always maintain the tense of the verb in both active and passive
sentences.

1. Simple Present Tense

Active: Beautiful giraffes roam the savannah.
Passive: The savannah is roamed by beautiful giraffes.
Pattern: Subject + is/are + past participle + by + object
2. Simple Past Tense
Active: Harry ate six shrimps at dinner.
Passive: Six shrimps were eaten by Harry at dinner.
Pattern: Subject + was/were + past participle + by + object

3. Simple Future Tense

Active: Sue will change the flat tire.
Passive: The flat tire will be changed by Sue.
Pattern: Subject + will/shall + be + past participle + by + object

4. Present Perfect Tense

Active: The students have painted the wall of the classroom.
Passive: The wall of the classroom has been painted by the
students.
Pattern: Subject + has/have + been + past participle + by + object

5. Past Perfect Tense

Active: That stubborn boy had defaced the wall.
Passive: The was had been defaced by that stubborn boy.
Pattern: Subject + had + been + past participle + by + object

6. Future Perfect Tense

Active: He will have received the letter.
Passive: The letter will have been received by him.
Pattern: Subject + will have + been + past participle + by + object

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7. Present Progressive Tense

Active: The farmers are plowing the farm.
Passive: The farm is being plowed by the farmers.
Pattern: Subject + is/are + being + past participle + by + object

8. Past Progressive Tense

Active: My wife was cooking dinner.
Passive: Dinner was being cooked by my wife.
Pattern: Subject + was/were + being + past participle + by + object

You can view this video for more example: Passive Voice in English: Active and
Passive Voice and Useful Examples or click the link https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=nRGLDD0BBdc

3. Subject-Verb Agreement

In any form of writing, subject-verb agreement is the rule of thumb. Always

make sure that the subject and the verb agrees to each other. Meaning, if the subject is
singular, the verb should also be singular. If the subject is plural, the verb should also be
plural.

In changing active voice to passive voice, the focus of subject-verb agreement

shifts to the new subject of the sentence. The same rule applies when passive voice is
changed to active voice.

How to change active to passive voice?

To change a sentence from active to passive voice, do the following:

1. Move the active sentence’s direct object into the sentence’s subject slot.

ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE

Marilyn mailed the letter. The letter …

direct object from DO to subject

2. Place the active sentence’s subject into a phrase beginning with the preposition
by.

ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE

Marilyn mailed the letter. The letter …….by Marilyn.

subject Prepositional phrase

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3. Add a form of the be-verb to the main verb and change the main verb to its past
participle form.

ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE

Marilyn mailed the letter. The letter was mailed by Marilyn.

verb be-verb + past participle form

PRACTICE G. PASSIVE VERB 2

Make sentences in the passive form by changing the form of the verb in the parentheses
using the given tense. Refer to the example. Write your answer on the space provided.
Example: BMW’s (make) in Germany. (Present Simple)
Answer: BMW’s are made in Germany.

1. English (speak) in this shop. (Present Simple)

________________________________________________________________

2. The oldest house (build) in 1575. (Past Simple)

_______________________________________________________________
3. The bridge (repaired) at the moment. (Present Continuous)
_______________________________________________________________
4. The picture (paint) tomorrow. (Future Simple)
_______________________________________________________________
5. The cupboard (repair) recently. (Present Perfect)
_______________________________________________________________
6. The meeting (hold) in my office. (Past Continuous)
_______________________________________________________________
7. The search (stop) this evening. (Future Simple)
_______________________________________________________________
8. After the accident, Joe (take) to the hospital. (Past Simple)
_______________________________________________________________
9. The banks (close) in two days. (Future Simple)
_______________________________________________________________
10. The street (close) because of snow. (Present Perfect)
_______________________________________________________________

PRACTICE H. CONVERTING ACTIVE VOICE TO PASSIVE VOICE

Choose the sentence that is the passive form of the given sentence. Shade the circle of
your choice.

1 I did not beat her.

A She is not beaten by me.
B She has not beaten by me.
C She was not beaten by me.

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2 I will never forget this experience.

A This experience is not forgotten by me.
B This experience would never be forgotten by me.
C This experience will never be forgotten by me.
3 Mother made a cake yesterday.
A A cake made by mother yesterday.
B A cake is made by mother yesterday.
C A cake was made by mother yesterday.
4 The boy teased the girl.
A The girl was teased by the boy.
B The girl had teased by the boy.
C The boy was teased by the girl.
5 Did she do her duty?
A Was she done her duty?
B Was her duty done by her?
C Had her duty done by her?
6 The tiger was chasing the deer.
A The deer was chased by the tiger.
B The deer was being chased by the tiger.
C The deer had chased by the tiger.
7 She has written a novel.
A A novel has written by her.
B A novel has been written by her.
C A novel had written by her.
8 She has learned her lessons.
A Her lessons has learned by her.
B Her lessons have been learned by her.
C Her lessons had been learned by her.
9. Have you finished the report?
A Has the report finished by you?
B Has the report been finished by you?
C Had the report been finished by you?
10 The police have caught the thief.
.
A The thief has been caught by the police.
B The thief was caught by the police.
C The thief had been caught by the police.

How to change passive voice to active voice?

To change a passive voice sentence into an active voice sentence, simply reverse
the steps shown above.

1. Move the passive sentence’s subject into the active sentence’s direct object
slot.

PASSIVE VOICE ACTIVE VOICE

The letter was mailed by Marilyn. ………(mailed) the letter.

subject direct object
Module 3: Active and Passive Voice Grade 7
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2. Remove the auxiliary be verb from the main verb and change main verb’s
form if needed.

PASSIVE VOICE ACTIVE VOICE

The letter was mailed by Marilyn. ………mailed the letter.

be verb + main verb
main verb

3. Place the passive sentence’s object of the preposition by into the subject slot.

PASSIVE VOICE ACTIVE VOICE

…….by Marilyn. Marilyn mailed the mail.

object of the
subject
preposition by

Tip: Some passive voice sentence may not mention a doer of the action. To
change sentence like this, create a doer-of-the-action subject.

PRACTICE I. CHANGING PASSIVE VOICE TO ACTIVE VOICE

Choose from the choices the correct active sentence of the given passive sentence. Shade
your choice.

1 A novel is being read by Mary.

A Mary has read a novel. B Mary is reading a novel.
2 A stone was being thrown by the kid.
A The kid is throwing a stone. B The kid was throwing a stone.
3 A car has been bought by him.
A He would buy a car. B He has bought a car.
4 A door had been knocked by someone.
A Someone had knocked the door. B Someone knocked the door.
5 The announcement was read to the class.
A The teacher read the announcement B The teacher has read the
to the class. announcement to the class.
6. The project will be submitted on Friday.
A The group will the submit the project B The group is submitting the project
on Friday. on Friday.
7 His performance is applauded by the audience.
A The audience applauded his B The audience applauds his

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performance. performance.
8. Champagne is drunk on New Year’s Eve.
A People are drinking champagne on B People drink champagne on New
New Year’s Eve. Year’s Eve.
9. The first commercially successful portable vacuum cleaner was invented by a janitor
who was allergic to dust.
A A janitor who was allergic to dust B A janitor who was allergic to dust
invented the first commercially had invented the first commercially
successful portable vacuum cleaner. successful portable vacuum cleaner.
1 After Leonardo da Vinci's death, the Mona Lisa was purchased by King Francis I of
0 France.
A King Francis I of France was B King Francis I of France purchased
purchasing the Mona Lisa after the Mona Lisa after Leonardo da
Leonardo da Vinci's death. Vinci's death.

MODULE
ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE
3.4 VOICE: SUMMATIVE TEST

A. Answer this summative test. Write your answer on the space provided.

1. Rewrite the following passage in the Passive.

Some people saw a UFO in the sky above London last night. They reported it to
the police. The army sent a helicopter to look at it closer. The UFO shot the
helicopter down and killed both men in it. People have given photographs of the
UFO to the police. Experts are looking at them now.
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2. Rewrite the following passage in the Passive.

Someone broke into a local jewelry shop yesterday. The owner had just locked
up the shop when a robber with a gun threatened him. The robber told him to
unlock the shop and give him all the diamonds in the safe. Then the robber tied
him up. The police have organized a search for the robber. They hope they will
find him in a few days. Doctors are treating the owner of the shop for shock.
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B. Write an informative essay about your place. Present folk tales about the origin
of your place and some interesting things about it.

Module 3: Active and Passive Voice Grade 7