Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]
Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 208 views

    1.relation Between Torsion Moment, Torsion Angle and Span Length

    Uploaded by

    Moiz Amir
    This report summarizes an experiment on the torsion of cylindrical rods. The experiment investigated the relationship between torsional moment and torsion angle, as well as the relationship between torsion angle and clamping length. For each of steel, brass, and aluminum rods, the torsion angle increased with increasing torsional moment and decreasing clamping length. The results indicate a direct relationship between load, torsion angle, torsional moment, and clamping length for the tested cylindrical rods.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved

    1.relation Between Torsion Moment, Torsion Angle and Span Length

    Uploaded by

    Moiz Amir
    208 views15 pages
    This report summarizes an experiment on the torsion of cylindrical rods. The experiment investigated the relationship between torsional moment and torsion angle, as well as the relationship between torsion angle and clamping length. For each of steel, brass, and aluminum rods, the torsion angle increased with increasing torsional moment and decreasing clamping length. The results indicate a direct relationship between load, torsion angle, torsional moment, and clamping length for the tested cylindrical rods.

    Original Description:

    Original Title

    1.RELATION BETWEEN TORSION MOMENT, TORSION ANGLE AND SPAN LENGTH

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This report summarizes an experiment on the torsion of cylindrical rods. The experiment investigated the relationship between torsional moment and torsion angle, as well as the relationship between torsion angle and clamping length. For each of steel, brass, and aluminum rods, the torsion angle increased with increasing torsional moment and decreasing clamping length. The results indicate a direct relationship between load, torsion angle, torsional moment, and clamping length for the tested cylindrical rods.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    208 views15 pages

    1.relation Between Torsion Moment, Torsion Angle and Span Length

    Uploaded by

    Moiz Amir
    This report summarizes an experiment on the torsion of cylindrical rods. The experiment investigated the relationship between torsional moment and torsion angle, as well as the relationship between torsion angle and clamping length. For each of steel, brass, and aluminum rods, the torsion angle increased with increasing torsional moment and decreasing clamping length. The results indicate a direct relationship between load, torsion angle, torsional moment, and clamping length for the tested cylindrical rods.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    of 15

    MECHANICS OF

    MATERIALS

    Report 1
    Submitted To:
    Engr. Arhum Hassan
    Group Members:
    M. Rafay Khwaja Abdul Moiz
    (170301040) (170301058)

    Syed Abdullah Shah Ushna Liaqat


    (170301003) (170301005)
    Relation between torsion MOMENT,
    TORSION angle and span length

    Literature Review:
    Torque is defined as a moment that acts about a member’s longitudinal axis. A
    member that has had torque applied to it such that it deforms along its
    longitudinal axis is said to be under torsion [ CITATION Ste11 \l 1033 ] . Torsion is the
    twisting of a beam under the action of a torque (twisting moment). It is
    systematically applied to screws, nuts, axles, drive shafts etc., and is also
    generated more randomly under service conditions in car bodies, boat hulls,
    aircraft fuselages, bridges, springs and many other structures and
    components. A torque, T, has the same units (N m) as a bending moment, M.
    Both are the product of a force and a distance. In the case of a torque, the
    force is tangential and the distance is the radial distance between this tangent
    and the axis of rotation.[ CITATION 18Un \l 1033 ].Torsional angle is angle of twist,
    for a shaft under torsional loading, the angle through which fixed end of a
    shaft rotates with respect to the free end is called the angle of twist [ CITATION
    Def15 \l 1033 ]. Span length is the distance exceeded by a stated percentage
    from a random catch point in drafting zone [ CITATION Soh16 \l 1033 ] .The object of
    this experiment is to determine the relationship between the angle of twist
    and applied torque for a rod as well as the relationship between the
    deflection and length of the rod at a specified torque [ CITATION Ste11 \l 1033 ] . In
    this experiment we will be taking different rods (steel, brass, iron) and will be
    there reaction when they are subjected to torsion stress.
    Procedure
    Equipment:
     Brass Rod
     Steel Rod
     Aluminum Rod
     Weights in 2.5N increments up to 7.5N.

    Part I:
    1)Firstly, we placed the torsion experiment apparatus on a hard, flat surface
    with the load hanger over the edge of the table.

    2)Then, we loaded a cylindrical specimen of Aluminum/brass/steel into the


    device by tightening the rod into the chuck and clamp at either end of the
    apparatus.

    3) We fixed the clamping length of 600mm by fixing the moveable jaw with
    screws.

    4)Then, we calibrated the pointer of the angle meter by placing the needles
    at zero.

    5)After putting hanger of 0.5N, we added two newton of weight to the load
    hangar suspends. Then we recorded the indicated angle as deflection in angle
    meter.

    6)We increased the load of the hanger by three Newton to make it 5.5N and
    again recorded the indicated deflection on angle indicator.

    7)We continue to add two newton increment to the load hanger (i.e. 7.5N)
    and recorded the indicated angle.

    8)We repeated steps 5 through 7 for the Steel and Brass.

    9)We recorded all these measurements in the data table and calculated
    Torsional Moment for each rod at different weights by using least count of
    0.01mm.

    10)Finally, we plotted a graph between torsional angle on y-axis and torsional


    moment on x-axis to determine relationship between them.

    For Steel bar:

    Load (N) Torsional Moment (N Torsional angle


    mm)
    2.5 250 0.28
    7.5 750 0.84
    12.5 1250 1.52

    Torsion Angle
    1.6

    1.4

    1.2

    0.8

    0.6

    0.4

    0.2

    0
    200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

    For Brass bar:

    Load (N) Torsional Moment Torsional angle


    (Nmm)
    2.5 250 0.65
    7.5 750 1.95
    12.5 1250 3.05

    Torsion Angle
    3.5

    2.5

    1.5

    0.5

    0
    200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

    For Aluminum bar:


    Load Torsion moment (F x r) Torsion angle
    2.5 N 2.5x100=250 0.82
    7.5 N 7.5x100=750 2.94
    12.5 N 12.5x100=1250 4.17

    Torsion Angle
    4.5

    3.5

    2.5

    1.5

    0.5

    0
    200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

    Part II:
    1)We repeated first two steps of Part I.
    2)In this case, we fixed the weight of 5.5N and change the clamping length by
    moving the moveable jaw by loosening and tightening the screws.

    3)Firstly, we keep the clamping length of 300mm and tightened it.

    4)Then, we calibrated the pointer of the angle meter by placing the needles
    at zero.

    5)We applied the load of 5.5N and recorded the deflection in the angle meter.

    6)By unloading the load, we then changed the clamping length to 400mm.

    7)We applied the sample load of 5.5N and recorded the deflection in angle
    meter.

    8) We repeated the 5th & 6th step for clamping length of 500mm & 600mm.

    9)We recorded all the deflection angles and their respective clamping lengths
    in data table.

    10)Then we plotted a graph between torsional angle at y-axis and clamping


    length at x-axis to find the relationship between them.

    11)We repeated the whole process for the other two rods i.e. Brass and Steel
    rod.

    For Steel bar:

    Clamping Length (mm) Torsional angle


    300 0.33
    400 0.44
    500 0.52
    600 0.62
    Clamping Length
    700

    600

    500

    400

    300

    200

    100

    0
    0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55 0.6 0.65

    For Brass bar:

    Clamping Length (mm) Torsional angle


    300 0.94
    400 1.52
    500 1.88
    600 2.12
    Torsional Angle
    2.5

    1.5

    0.5

    0
    250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650

    For Aluminum bar:


    Clamping Length (mm) Torsional angle
    300 1.30
    400 1.75
    500 2.12
    600 2.49
    Torsion Angle
    3

    2.5

    1.5

    0.5

    0
    250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650

    Conclusion:

    We deduce that there is direct relation between load, torsion angle and
    torsion. With increase load we see increase in torsion angle and torsion
    moment.
    Works Cited

    [1] S. Mirdo, Torsion of Cylindrical Rods, Motreal : Canada National Press, 2011.

    [2] University of Cambridge, 13 2 2018. [Online]. Available:


    https://www.doitpoms.ac.uk/tlplib/beam_bending/twisting.php.

    [3] "Definitions and Keywords," 7 10 2015. [Online]. Available:


    https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/virtual_lab/popups/defKeywd.html.

    [4] S. R. Sobuj, "textile study center," 19 06 2016. [Online]. Available:


    https://textilestudycenter.com/span-length/.

    You might also like