Wine and Its Types

Wine and its types
Wine is an alcoholic drink , fermented juice of grapes. Most exclusively used species is V.Vinifera (also
known as Eurpean grape).
In scientific terms, it is a beverage obtained from the total or partial alcoholic fermentation of must or
grapes.
Do you know?
There is one popular wine App wth more than 355 million subscribers worldwide. It goes by nsme
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Some of the best selling brands wines are:
1. Barefoot
2. Concha Toro – Famous Chinese brand
3. Gallo
4. Changyu- Chinese wine brand
5. Yellow tail – popular Australian brand
6. Sutter Home – United states
7. Robert Mondavi
8. Hardys
History:
The known traces of wine are mostly from Georgia, Iran and Sicily. Throughout history wine has been
consumed for its intoxicating effects but some experts says that a daily glass of wine can help to fight off
many diseases specially from cancers and its some properties can also improve heart and mental health.
Wine tasting:
Wine tasting is an art. The ability to sniff out and distimguish the different aromas is essential. Once you
learn how to give a good sniff you will begin to develop thr ability to isolate flavours.
Classifiction:
1 .General:
According to their production methods and covers all possible type
2. Age classification:
Accaording to the cellar before their release into the market
3. classification by sugar level:

Is common for fortified and sparkling wines.
1 .General:
a) Still wines: Alcohol content between 9 and 14.5%

1. White wines :
Made from green-skinned grapes whose juice is colourless. Aroma is most important in white
wines. It provides different flavor such as bright savory and creamy. For wine beginners, the best
white wines are Chardonnay, Reisling, Sauvignon blancand Moscato.
2. Red wine:
Mostly made from black skinned grapes. Many people believe that red wine is to be served
at room temperature. It mostly contains tannins, aroma and flavours with different levels of
concentrations.
Good choices of red wines to start are:
Cabernet sauvignon, Rioja, Chianti, Merlot, Pinot Noir , Zinfandel etc.
3. Rose wine:
These are mostly made from red grapes after a short period of maceration. It can have
different flavours like cherry, strawberry, raspberry etc. it can always be taken with light
flavor dishes like fish.
b) Special wines:
Cava:- natural sparkling wine peoduced in Spain. The method used to prepare Cava is same as
used by champagne.
Carbonated- In which gas is added artificially
Sparkling wines :
This mainly reminds me of any celebrations. It can be of any colur. It can be single –varietal
wines or from blend of grapes. They mostly include Champagne, prosecco etc
c) Fortified wines:
Made by adding distilled grape spirit to fully or partially fermented wine. These wines are higher
in alcohol than other types of wine.
These include: Port, Madeira, Sherry etc
d) Wine liqueurs:
Many of them range between 155%- 55% alcohol by volume. These include : Berry liqueurs.
Cream liqueurs, chocolate liqueurs and many more.
e) Naturally-sweet Dessert wines :
In UK, people usually drink sweet wine as an aperitif before the meal. These includes- Pedro,
sherry etc
2. Age:
Young wines:- Not aged in woods. And are ideally consumed between 3 and 18 months
Aged wines:-which have had minimum period of Aging. These are wimes that develop
organolpetic characters. Ideal consumption time is between 2 and 8 years.
Under the collective banner of aged wines in accordance with the regulations in Spanish there
are three subtypes
Crianza (vintage): This wines should spend at least 6 months in wood and 2 years in bottle.
Reserve (reserve): 1 year in wood and 3 years in bottle
Gran reserva (Grand reserve): 2 years in wood and 5 years in bottle
3. sugar level:
a) Dry wines: <50 g/l of sugar
b) demi wines: between 05-15g/l of sugar
c)medium-Sweet wines: between 15-30 g/l of sugar
d)Semi sweet wines: between 30-50g/l of sugar
e) sweet wines: >50 g/l of sugar
Most popular regions and Grapes:
Country Grapes
France Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot,
Cabernet Franc, Pinot Noir,
Grenache, Syrah, Viognier,
Chardonnay
Italy Sangiovese, Nebbiolo, Barbera,
Moscato, Pinot Grigio
United States Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Noir,
Chardonnay, Merlot, Zinfandel
Argentina Malbec, Bonarda
Chile Cabernet Sauvignon, Sauvignon Blanc
Australia Shiraz, Chardonnay
Germany Riesling, Gewurztraminer, Sylvaner
Spain Tempranillo, Albarino, Garnacha,
Palomino
New Zealand Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir
South Africa Pinotage, Chenin Blanc

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Wine and its types

Some of the best selling brands wines are:

According to their production methods and covers all possible type

Accaording to the cellar before their release into the market

3. classification by sugar level:

a) Still wines: Alcohol content between 9 and 14.5%

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