726 Phil.

642

THIRD DIVISION

[ G.R. No. 205956, February 12, 2014 ]

P/SUPT. HANSEL M. MARANTAN, PETITIONER, VS. ATTY. JOSE
MANUEL DIOKNO AND MONIQUE CU-UNJIENG LA’O,
RESPONDENTS.
RESOLUTION

MENDOZA, J.:

Before the Court is a petition to cite respondents in contempt of Court.

Petitioner P/Supt. Hansel M. Marantan (Marantan) is the respondent in G.R. No.

199462,[1] a petition filed on December 6, 2011, but already dismissed although the
disposition is not yet final. Respondent Monique Cu-Unjieng La’O (La’O) is one of the
petitioners in the said case, while respondent Atty. Jose Manuel Diokno (Atty. Diokno)
is her counsel therein.

G.R. No. 199462 relates to Criminal Case Nos. 146413-PSG, 146414-PSG and 146415-
PSG, entitled “People of the Philippines v. P/SINSP Hansel M. Marantan, et al.,”
pending before the Regional Trial Court of Pasig City, Branch 265 (RTC), where
Marantan and his co-accused are charged with homicide. The criminal cases involve an
incident which transpired on November 7, 2005, where Anton Cu-Unjieng (son of
respondent La’O), Francis Xavier Manzano, and Brian Anthony Dulay, were shot and
killed by police officers in front of the AIC Gold Tower at Ortigas Center, which
incident was captured by a television crew from UNTV 37 (Ortigas incident).

In G.R. No. 199462, La’O, together with the other petitioners, prayed, among others,
that the resolution of the Office of the Ombudsman downgrading the charges from
murder to homicide be annulled and set aside; that the corresponding informations for
homicide be withdrawn; and that charges for murder be filed.

In the meantime, on January 6, 2013, a shooting incident occurred in Barangay

Lumutan, Municipality of Atimonan, Province of Quezon, where Marantan was the
ground commander in a police-military team, which resulted in the death of thirteen
(13) men (Atimonan incident). This encounter, according to Marantan, elicited much
negative publicity for him.

Marantan alleges that, riding on the unpopularity of the Atimonan incident, La’O and
her counsel, Atty. Diokno, and one Ernesto Manzano, organized and conducted a
televised/radio broadcasted press conference. During the press conference, they
maliciously made intemperate and unreasonable comments on the conduct of the Court
in handling G.R. No. 199462, as well as contumacious comments on the merits of the
criminal cases before the RTC, branding Marantan and his co-accused guilty of murder
in the Ortigas incident.

On January 29, 2013, this interview was featured in “TV Patrol,” an ABS-CBN news
program. Marantan quotes[2] a portion of the interview, as follows:

Atty. Diokno

So ang lumabas din sa video that the actual raw footage of the UNTV is very
long. Ang nangyari, you see the police officers may nilalagay sila sa loob ng
sasakyan ng victims na parang pinapalabas nila that there was a shootout
pero ang nangyari na yon e tapos na, patay na.

Ernesto Manzano

Kung sinasabi nilang carnapper dapat huliin nilang buhay yong mga mahal
naming sa buhay and kinasuhan pero ang ginawa nila, sila mismo na ang
nagbigay ng hatol.

Monique Cu-Unjieng La’o

Sinasabi nila na may kinarnap siya, tinutukan ng baril, hindi magagawa yong
kasi kilala ko siya, anak ko yon e x x x he is already so arrogant because they
protected him all these years. They let him get away with it. So even now, so
confident of what he did, I mean confident of murdering so many innocent
individuals.

Atty. Diokno

Despite the overwhelming evidence, however, Supt. Marantan and company

have never been disciplined, suspended or jailed for their participation in the
Ortigas rubout, instead they were commended by their superiors and some
like Marantan were even promoted to our consternation and disgust. Ang
problema po e hangang ngayon, we filed a Petition in the Supreme Court
December 6, 2011, humihingi po kami noon ng Temporary Restraining
Order, etc. – hangang ngayon wala pa pong action ang Supreme Court yong
charge kung tama ba yong pag charge ng homicide lamang e subalit kitang
kita naman na they were killed indiscriminately and maliciously.

Atty. Diokno

Eight years have passed since our love ones were murdered, but the
policemen who killed them led by Supt. Hansel Marantan the same man who
is involved in the Atimonan killings – still roam free and remain unpunished.
Mr. President, while we are just humble citizens, we firmly believe that
police rub-out will not stop until you personally intervene.
 Ernesto Manzano

Up to this date, we are still praying for justice.

Monique Cu-Unjieng La’o

Ilalaban namin ito no matter what it takes, we have the evidence with us, I
mean everything shows that they were murdered.

(Emphasis supplied by petitioner)

Marantan submits that the respondents violated the sub judice rule, making them liable
for indirect contempt under Section 3(d) of Rule 71 of the Rules of Court, for their
contemptuous statements and improper conduct tending directly or indirectly to impede,
obstruct or degrade the administration of justice. He argues that their pronouncements
and malicious comments delved not only on the supposed inaction of the Court in
resolving the petitions filed, but also on the merits of the criminal cases before the RTC
and prematurely concluded that he and his co-accused are guilty of murder. It is
Maranta’s position that the press conference was organized by the respondents for the
sole purpose of influencing the decision of the Court in the petition filed before it and
the outcome of the criminal cases before the RTC by drawing an ostensible parallelism
between the Ortigas incident and the Atimonan incident.

The respondents, in their Comment,[3] argue that there was no violation of the sub
judice rule as their statements were legitimate expressions of their desires, hopes and
opinions which were taken out of context and did not actually impede, obstruct or
degrade the administration of justice in a concrete way; that no criminal intent was
shown as the utterances were not on their face actionable being a fair comment of a
matter of public interest and concern; and that this petition is intended to stifle
legitimate speech.

The petition must fail.

The sub judice rule restricts comments and disclosures pertaining to the judicial
proceedings in order to avoid prejudging the issue, influencing the court, or obstructing
the administration of justice. A violation of this rule may render one liable for indirect
contempt under Sec. 3(d), Rule 71 of the Rules of Court,[4] which reads:

Section 3. Indirect contempt to be punished after charge and hearing. – x x x

a person guilty of any of the following acts may be punished for indirect
contempt:

xxx

(d) Any improper conduct tending, directly or indirectly, to impede, obstruct,

or degrade the administration of justice[.]
The proceedings for punishment of indirect contempt are criminal in nature.[5] This
form of contempt is conduct that is directed against the dignity and authority of the
court or a judge acting judicially; it is an act obstructing the administration of justice
which tends to bring the court into disrepute or disrespect. Intent is a necessary element
in criminal contempt, and no one can be punished for a criminal contempt unless the
evidence makes it clear that he intended to commit it.[6]

For a comment to be considered as contempt of court “it must really appear” that such
does impede, interfere with and embarrass the administration of justice.[7] What is, thus,
sought to be protected is the all-important duty of the court to administer justice in the
decision of a pending case.[8] The specific rationale for the sub judice rule is that courts,
in the decision of issues of fact and law should be immune from every extraneous
influence; that facts should be decided upon evidence produced in court; and that the
determination of such facts should be uninfluenced by bias, prejudice or sympathies.[9]

The power of contempt is inherent in all courts in order to allow them to conduct their
business unhampered by publications and comments which tend to impair the
impartiality of their decisions or otherwise obstruct the administration of justice. As
important as the maintenance of freedom of speech, is the maintenance of the
independence of the Judiciary. The "clear and present danger" rule may serve as an aid
in determining the proper constitutional boundary between these two rights.[10]

The "clear and present danger" rule means that the evil consequence of the comment
must be "extremely serious and the degree of imminence extremely high" before an
utterance can be punished. There must exist a clear and present danger that the utterance
will harm the administration of justice. Freedom of speech should not be impaired
through the exercise of the power of contempt of court unless there is no doubt that the
utterances in question make a serious and imminent threat to the administration of
justice. It must constitute an imminent, not merely a likely, threat.[11]

The contemptuous statements made by the respondents allegedly relate to the merits of
the case, particularly the guilt of petitioner, and the conduct of the Court as to its failure
to decide G.R. No. 199462.

As to the merits, the comments seem to be what the respondents claim to be an

expression of their opinion that their loved ones were murdered byMarantan. This is
merely a reiteration of their position in G.R. No. 199462, which precisely calls the
Court to upgrade the charges from homicide to murder. The Court detects no malice on
the face of the said statements. The mere restatement of their argument in their petition
cannot actually, or does not even tend to, influence the Court.

As to the conduct of the Court, a review of the respondents’ comments reveals that they
were simply stating that it had not yet resolved their petition. There was no complaint,
express or implied, that an inordinate amount of time had passed since the petition was
filed without any action from the Court. There appears no attack or insult on the dignity
of the Court either.
“A public utterance or publication is not to be denied the constitutional protection of
freedom of speech and press merely because it concerns a judicial proceeding still
pending in the courts, upon the theory that in such a case, it must necessarily tend to
obstruct the orderly and fair administration of justice.”[12] By no stretch of the
imagination could the respondents’ comments pose a serious and imminent threat to the
administration of justice. No criminal intent to impede, obstruct, or degrade the
administration of justice can be inferred from the comments of the respondents.

Freedom of public comment should, in borderline instances, weigh heavily against a

possible tendency to influence pending cases.[13] The power to punish for contempt,
being drastic and extraordinary in its nature, should not be resorted to unless necessary
in the interest of justice.[14] In the present case, such necessity is wanting.

WHEREFORE, the petition is DISMISSED.

SO ORDERED.

Velasco, Jr., (Chairperson), Peralta, Abad, and Leonen, JJ., concur.

[1]Jennifer Eloise V. Mazano and Monique Cu-Unjieng La’O v. Hon. Conchita Carpio-
Morales, in her capacity as Ombudsman; Hon. Orlando Casimiro in his capacity as
Overall Deputy Ombudsman; Hon. Danilo A. Buemio, in his capacity as Presiding
Judge of the Regional Trial Court of Pasig City, Branch 265; P/CSupt. Augusto P.
Angcanan, Jr.; P/SInsp. Hansel M. Marantan; P/Sinsp. Samson B. Belmote; PO3
Rizalito SM Ramos, Jr.; PO3 Lloyd F. Soria; P/Insp. Henry R. Cerdon; PO2 Jesus M.
Fermin; PO2 Dexter M. Bernadas; PO2 Sonny R. Robrigado; PO2 Fernando Ray S.
Gapuz; and PO1 Josil Rey Lucena.

[2] Rollo, pp. 8-9.

[3] Id. at 297-306.

[4] Romero v. Estrada, G.R. No. 174105, April 2, 2009, 583 SCRA 396, 403.

[5] Soriano v. CA, G.R. No. 128938, June 4, 2004, 431 SCRA 1, 7.

[6] People v. Godoy, 312 Phil. 977, 999 (1995).

[7]People v. Castelo, 114 Phil. 892, 900 (1962); citing People v. Alarcon, 69 Phil. 265
(1939).

[8] People v. Alarcon, 69 Phil. 265, 271 (1939).

[9] Romero v. Estrada, G.R. No. 174105, April 2, 2009, 583 SCRA 396, 403; citing
Nestle Philippines v. Sanchez, 238 Phil. 543 (1987).

[10] Cabansag v. Fernandez, 102 Phil. 152, 161 (1957).

[11] Id. at 161-162.

[12] Id. at 162.

[13] Id.

[14] Austria v. Masaquel, 127 Phil. 677, 691 (1967).

Source: Supreme Court E-Library | Date created: April 01, 2016

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