School of Housing, Building & Planning: Reg 265: Infrastructure Technology
School of Housing, Building & Planning: Reg 265: Infrastructure Technology
School of Housing, Building & Planning: Reg 265: Infrastructure Technology
Preapared for:
Dr Ahmad Hilmy Bin Abdul Hamid
Prepared by:
Nurush Syahadah Mahmud 107345
Urban and Regional Planning
Table of Content
1.0 Introduction
Water has always played a central role in human societies, but in order to sustain that role, it
needs to be harnessed and managed to increase its productive impact and to reduce the risk of
destruction, while protecting aquatic ecosystems which is crucial for the environment. This could
be achieved by developing adequate hydraulic infrastructure concomitantly with legal and
institutional frameworks for water management.
“Water for Life”, to emphasize the importance of water for sustainable development and the
eradication of poverty and hunger, and its indispensability for human health and well-being.
Infrastructure
Dams and reservoirs provide storage for water, including flood water, which can then be
supplied for households and irrigation, as well as for generation of power, thus reducing fossil
fuel depletion and the negative environmental effects of fossil fuel burning. The local authorizes
always promote the priority in strategic planning with respect to water and energy. However,
with other infrastructure projects, there are also adverse environmental and social impacts that
must be minimized or mitigated.
INFRASTRUCTURE FOR INDUSTRIAL WATER SUPPLY
EPANET also provides an integrated environment for editing network input data, running
hydraulic and water quality simulations, and viewing the results in a variety of formats.
EPANET provides a fully equipment and hydraulic analysis that can handle systems of any size.
The package also supports the simulation of spatially various water demand, constant or variable
speed pumps and the minor head losses for fitting. The modeling provides information such as
flows in pipes, pressures at junctions, contaminant, chlorine concentration, water age, and even
alternative analysis. It also helps to compute pumping energy and cost and then model various
types of valves, including close in valve, check pressure regulating and flow control
EPANET’s water quality modeling functionality allows users to analyze the movement of
a reactive or non-reactive material which spreads through the network. It rates the reactive
material as is grows, tracks the percentage of flow from the given nodes. The storage tanks can
be modeled as complete mix in water design system.
The visual network editor of EPANET simplify the process of building piping network
models and editing their properties. These various types of data reporting visualization tools are
used t help in analyze the networks in the graphics views, tabular views, and special reports.
The design of network and water supply systems is a challenging task because the movement of
the water cannot be count by manually easily. It is not only the process of key in data but we
need to find what is the definitions of the object in that software. To fulfilled the need of subject
REG 265, Infrastructure Technology, the students must design the water reticulation system for
industrial park at Kuantan for Zone 3. The design must use the EPANET software and report the
analysis.
Objectives of study:
l.To understand the design various water supply schemes with the integrating of use of water
distribution instrument like pipe, valves and pump.
2. To learn how to use the EPANET software for the future need in career.
3.0 Design the water distribution using EPANET
Kuantan Port Industrial Area: Industrial zone: Zone 3
Key plan
Site Plan
Location
plan
Development of Master Plan of Kuantan Port Industrial area
1) Study the location, the location of zone 3 is a place that divided with one main road. There had been
proposing of 2 tank of water storage and one reservoir.
2) Start with the design process with sketches of the network of pipe that want to propose.
3) Apply it using EPANET software,
All of the junctions are connect with pipe network. Valve and pump are use.
Pumps
Pumps are links that give energy to a fluid by raise its hydraulic head by principal input
parameters, the start and end nodes and pump curve. Pump curve is the combination of heads and
flows that pump can produce. From the curve, it show how the pump could be represented as a
constant energy device in supplies a amount of energy in term of horsepower or kilowatts to the
fluid for all combinations of flow and head.
EPANET will not allow a pump to operate outside the range of its pump curve. Then here, I use
the single-point pump curve by plot the flow as 600 and the head as 300 and connected to the
junctions. as Pumps can be turned on and off at preset times or when certain conditions exist in
the network. A pump’s operation can also be described by assigning it a time pattern of relative
speed settings. From EPANET, we can also get the calculation of the energy consumption and
cost of a pump. Each pump can be assigned an efficiency curve and schedule of energy prices. If
these are not supplied then a set of global
energy options will be used.
Here, I propose pumps at two locations near the storage tank in order to rising the water pressure
that from distribution network pipe that distribute by reservoir.
Valves
As with pipes, pumps can be turned on and off at preset times or when certain
conditions exist in the network. A pump’s operation can also be manipulate by time pattern of
relative speed settings. EPANET can also compute theenergy consumption and cost of a pump.
Each pump can be assigned efficiency curve and schedule of energy prices. If these are not
supplied then a set of global energy options will be used.
Flow through a pump is unidirectional. By using EPANET, if system conditions require more
head than the pump can produce, EPANET shuts the pump off. If more than the maximum flowis
required, EPANET extrapolates the pump curve to the required flow, even if this
produces a negative head. In both cases a warning message will be issued. Here, I use valves to
stop the networking of pipe to separate the distribution of water from tank storage 5 and storage
6.
6) Next step, I use to edit all the properties of junction and pipe.
For all junctions, I fill the number of 37 for elevation by referring the Ground Level in section
plan and fill the number of 20.2 for demand base except for 3 junctions which are node 4, 5 and
6. The demand base that use is 20.2 because considers it as water demand criteria. The water
demand criterion for industrial zone is 20.2CuM/acre/day. Since there are no average water
consumption for industrial area because the industrial area not include in category of premise or
land use for it and the water demand for this place is actual amount due to the production
activity. If there no production activity that use water, so there are no fixed water demand. Then
I set the demand pattern as 2 considering the PATTERN ID which is name as 2. The multiplier
that I choose had been tell before.
For pipe networking, I use auto length on function, so the pipe length had been calculated itself.
The diameter for all pipe is basically 12. But, the pipe from reservoir which is pipes 30,31 and 32
is the 60 size of diameter for better transportation of water. Then the pipe that connected to
storage tank is 30 in diameter because it is the first pipes that will carry the water to other pipe,
so the diameter must be half of the size diameter for distribution water pipe.
7) The last part is run the analysis to look whether the schematic design of water distribution
system is successful or not. The time is set for 24 hours and the data are collected every hour.
The results are collected.
The Design of Water Distribution System at Kuantan Industrial Park (ZONE 3)
The design of water distribution system for this zone is consider to the map. From the map,
there are some part in zone 3 have undergone the process of plotting the lot. It can been seen the road
planning at that zone. So, the design had been made consider the road signage on the map and it is use
the trunk system to cover all the area.
The valve had been proposed to build in the middle of main road of zone 3. As I mentioned
before, the valve is use to stop the flow networking of the pipe. So I divide the network at the main road
to make the design more balance.
The existing propose storage tank also influence the design of water distribution system because
the design must to use exist propose storage tank and the tank 6 is not suitable to build there because
tank 6 is too far away from reservoir and tank 6 need to cover large area.
The location of reservoir is 60km high from other tank and i am using the gravity to distribute
the water. But, the network of distribution pipe is compulsory to design like that because of reservoir.
The design is also consider to simplicity value, because the distribution water system need to be
cost effective to construct, suit the development phasing and ease of maintenance or renovate it.
Other than that, the design had been modify too many time because of the criteria and requirement
that have to follow. This is the typical things that influence the design of the object in water distribution
system.
5.0 Th Design and Data output on Water Reticulation
Design Using The EPANET
**********************************************************************
* E P A N E T*
* Hydraulic and Water Quality *
* Analyxix for Pipe Networkx *
* Verxion 2.0 *
**********************************************************************
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Link Start End Length Diameter
ID Node Node ft in
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30 1 4 12524.75 40
31 4 5 3898.32 40
32 5 6 5547.35 40
33 3 15 915.97 30
34 3 14 1749.29 30
35 14 20 2337.56 12
36 20 21 1542.19 12
37 21 22 2603.28 12
38 22 23 1126.92 12
39 23 14 1956.05 12
40 23 16 2440.01 12
41 16 15 939.61 12
42 15 17 1685.45 12
43 16 19 1486.19 12
44 19 17 1300.10 12
45 17 18 1712.78 12
46 18 9 1245.12 12
47 9 19 1724.60 12
48 8 13 1436.01 12
49 2 13 1190.04 30
50 2 7 1853.99 30
51 7 10 2699.98 12
52 10 8 1578.25 12
53 10 12 2014.04 12
54 12 11 2740.40 12
55 11 7 2217.50 12
2 4 2 #N/A #N/A Pump
27 6 3 #N/A #N/A Pump
13 8 9 #N/A 12 Valve
Page 2 Watar Reticulation Syxtem Zone 3
Energy Uxage:
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Uxage Avg. Kw-hr Avg. Peak Coxt
Pump Factor Effic. /Mgal Kw Kw /day
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2 18.98 75.00 80.01 5.51 5.93 0.00
27 39.16 75.00 82.08 5.63 5.89 0.00
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Demand Charge: 0.00
Total Coxt: 0.00