Designation: A789/A789M − 17

Standard Specification for

Seamless and Welded Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel
Tubing for General Service1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A789/A789M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope* 3. Ordering Information

2
1.1 This specification covers grades of average wall 3.1 Orders for product under this specification should in-
thickness, or, if specified on the order, minimum wall clude the following, as required, to describe the desired
thickness, of stainless steel tubing for services requiring material adequately:
general corrosion resistance, with particular emphasis on 3.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
resistance to stress corrosion cracking. These steels are suscep- 3.1.2 Name of product (seamless or welded tubes),
tible to embrittlement if used for prolonged periods at elevated 3.1.3 Grade (see Table 1),
temperatures. 3.1.4 Size (outside diameter and average wall thickness,
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units unless minimum wall thickness is specified),
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in 3.1.5 Length (specific or random),
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each 3.1.6 Optional requirements (for product analysis, see Sec-
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining tion 8; for hydrostatic or nondestructive electric test, see
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance Section 10),
with the standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in 3.1.7 Test report required (see the Inspection section of
brackets. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the M Specification A1016/A1016M),
designation of this specification is specified in the order. 3.1.8 Specification designation, and
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.9 Special requirements.
2.1 Standards:3
4. General Requirements
A480/A480M Specification for General Requirements for
Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, 4.1 Product furnished under this specification shall conform
Sheet, and Strip to the applicable requirements of Specification A1016/
A1016/A1016M Specification for General Requirements for A1016M, unless otherwise provided herein.
Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stainless
Steel Tubes 5. Manufacture
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the 5.1 The tubes shall be made by the seamless or welded
Unified Numbering System (UNS) process with no filler metal added.
2.2 SAE Standard:4
SAE J 1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys 6. Heat Treatment
(UNS)
6.1 All tubes shall be furnished in the heat-treated condition
in accordance with the procedures shown in Table 2. For
seamless tubes, as an alternate to final heat treatment in a
continuous furnace or batch-type furnace, immediately follow-
ing hot forming while the temperature of the tubes is not less
than the specified minimum solution treatment temperature,
tubes may be individually quenched in water or rapidly cooled
by other means.

7. Chemical Composition
7.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements
prescribed in Table 1.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

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 A789/A789M − 17
TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsA
UNS
C Mn P S Si Ni Cr Mo N Cu Others
DesignationB
S31200 0.030 2.00 0.045 0.030 1.00 5.5–6.5 24.0–26.0 1.20–2.00 0.14–0.20 ... ...
S31260 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.030 0.75 5.5–7.5 24.0–26.0 2.5–3.5 0.10–0.30 0.20–0.80 W 0.10–0.50
S31500 0.030 1.20–2.00 0.030 0.030 1.40–2.00 4.3–5.2 18.0–19.0 2.50–3.00 0.05–0.1 ... ...
S31803 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 4.5–6.5 21.0–23.0 2.5–3.5 0.08–0.20 ... ...
S32001 0.030 4.00–6.00 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.0–3.0 19.5–21.5 0.60 0.05–0.17 1.00 ...
S32003 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 3.0-4.0 19.5-22.5 1.50-2.00 0.14-0.20 ... ...
S32101 0.040 4.0-6.0 0.040 0.030 1.00 1.35-1.70 21.0-22.0 0.10-0.80 0.20-0.25 0.10-0.80 ...
S32202 0.030 2.00 0.040 0.010 1.00 1.00–2.80 21.5–24.0 0.45 0.18–0.26 ... ...
S32205 0.030 2.00 0.030 0.020 1.00 4.5–6.5 22.0–23.0 3.0–3.5 0.14–0.20 ... ...
S32304 0.030 2.50 0.040 0.040 1.00 3.0–5.5 21.5–24.5 0.05–0.60 0.05–0.20 0.05–0.60 ...
S32506 0.030 1.00 0.040 0.015 0.90 5.5–7.2 24.0–26.0 3.0–3.5 0.08–0.20 ... W 0.05–0.30
S32520 0.030 1.50 0.035 0.020 0.80 5.5–8.0 23.0–25.0 3.–5. 0.20–0.35 0.50–3.00 ...
S32550 0.04 1.50 0.040 0.030 1.00 4.5–6.5 24.0–27.0 2.9–3.9 0.10–0.25 1.50–2.50 ...
S32707 0.030 1.50 0.035 0.010 0.50 5.5–9.5 26.0–29.0 4.0–5.0 0.30–0.50 1.0 max Co 0.5–2.0
S32750C 0.030 1.20 0.035 0.020 0.80 6.0–8.0 24.0–26.0 3.0–5.0 0.24–0.32 0.50 ...
S32760D 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.010 1.00 6.0–8.0 24.0–26.0 3.0–4.0 0.20–0.30 0.50–1.00 W 0.50–1.00
S32808 0.030 1.10 0.030 0.010 0.50 7.0–8.2 27.0–27.9 0.80–1.20 0.30–0.40 ... W 2.10–2.50
S32900 0.08 1.00 0.040 0.030 0.75 2.5–5.0 23.0–28.0 1.00–2.00 ... ... ...
S32906 0.030 0.80–1.50 0.030 0.030 0.80 5.8–7.5 28.0 –30.0 1.50–2.60 0.30–0.40 0.80 ...
S32950 0.030 2.00 0.035 0.010 0.60 3.5–5.2 26.0–29.0 1.00–2.50 0.15–0.35 ... ...
S33207 0.030 1.50 0.035 0.010 0.80 6.0–9.0 29.0–33.0 3.0–5.0 0.40–0.60 1.0 ...
S39274 0.030 1.00 0.030 0.020 0.80 6.0–8.0 24.0–26.0 2.5–3.5 0.24–0.32 0.20–0.80 W 1.50–2.50
S39277 0.025 0.80 0.025 0.002 0.80 6.5–8.0 24.0–26.0 3.00–4.00 0.23–0.33 1.20–2.00 W 0.80–1.21
S82011 0.030 2.0–3.0 0.040 0.020 1.00 1.00–2.00 20.5–23.5 0.10–1.00 0.15–0.27 0.50 ...
S82441 0.030 2.50–4.00 0.035 0.005 0.70 3.0–4.5 23.0–25.0 1.00–2.00 0.20–0.30 0.10–0.80
A
Maximum, unless a range or minimum is indicated. Where ellipses (...) appear in this table, there is no minimum and analysis for the element need not be determined
or reported.
B
Designation established in accordance with Practice E527 and SAE J1086.
C
% Cr + 3.3 × % Mo + 16 × % N $ 41.
D
% Cr + 3.3 × % Mo + 16 × % N $ 40.

8. Product Analysis treatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes of
the same size and the same heat that are heat treated in the same furnace
8.1 An analysis of either one billet or one length of charge. When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, or when
flat-rolled stock or one tube shall be made from each heat. The heat treated condition is obtained directly by quenching after hot forming,
chemical composition thus determined shall conform to the a lot shall include all tubes of the same size and heat, heat treated in the
requirements specified. same furnace at the same temperature, time at heat, and furnace speed, or
all tubes of the same size and heat, hot formed and quenched in the same
8.2 A product analysis tolerance (see the annex table on production run.
Chemical Requirements (Product Analysis Tolerances) in
Specification A480/A480M) shall apply. The product analysis 9. Mechanical Tests Required
tolerance is not applicable to the carbon content for material 9.1 Tension Tests—One tension test shall be made on a
with a specified maximum carbon of 0.04 % or less. specimen for lots of not more than 50 tubes. Tension tests shall
8.3 If the original test for product analysis fails, retests of be made on specimens from two tubes for lots of more than 50
two additional billets, lengths of flat-rolled stock, or tubes shall tubes (see Note 2).
be made. Both retests for the elements in question shall meet 9.2 Flaring Test (for Seamless Tubes)—One test shall be
the requirements of this specification; otherwise, all remaining made on specimens from one end of one tube from each lot
material in the heat shall be rejected or, at the option of the (see Note 1) of finished tubes. The minimum expansion of the
producer, each billet or tube may be individually tested for inside diameter shall be 10 %.
acceptance. Billets, lengths of flat-rolled stock, or tubes that do
9.3 Flange Test (for Welded Tubes)—One test shall be made
not meet the requirements of this specification shall be re-
on specimens from one end of one tube from each lot (see Note
jected.
1) of finished tubes.
NOTE 1—For flange and flaring requirements, the term lot applies to all
9.4 Hardness Test—Brinell or Rockwell hardness tests shall
tubes prior to cutting of the same nominal size and wall thickness that are
produced from the same heat of steel. When final heat treatment is in a be made on specimens from two tubes from each lot (see Note
batch-type furnace, a lot shall include only those tubes of the same size 2).
and from the same heat that are heat treated in the same furnace charge.
When the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, or when heat
9.5 When more than one heat is involved, the tension,
treated condition is obtained directly by quenching after hot forming, the flaring, flanging, and hardness test requirements shall apply to
number of tubes of the same size and from the same heat in a lot shall be each heat.
determined from the size of the tubes as prescribed in Table 3.
NOTE 2—For tension and hardness test requirements, the term lot 9.6 Reverse Flattening Test—For welded tubes, one reverse
applies to all tubes prior to cutting, of the same nominal diameter and wall flattening test shall be made on a specimen from each 1500 ft
thickness that are produced from the same heat of steel. When final heat [450 m] of finished tubing.

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TABLE 2 Heat Treatment 10.2 The hydrostatic test shall be in accordance with Speci-
UNS Designation Temperature °F [°C] Quench fication A1016/A1016M, except that in the calculation of the
S31200 1920–2010 rapid cooling in water hydrostatic test pressure 64000(441.2) shall be substituted for
[1050–1100]
S31260 1870–2010 rapid cooling in air or water 32000(220.6).
[1020–1100]
S31500 1800–1900 rapid cooling in air or water 11. Tensile and Hardness Properties
[980–1040]
S31803 1870–2010 rapid cooling in air or water 11.1 The material shall conform to the tensile and hardness
[1020–1100] properties prescribed in Table 4.
S32001 1800–1950 rapid cooling in air or water
[982–1066]
S32003 1850–2050 rapid cooling in air or water TABLE 4 Tensile and Hardness RequirementsA
[1010–1120]
S32101 1870 [1020] min quenched in water or rapidly Tensile Yield Elongation Hardness, max
cooled by other means Strength, Strength, in 2 in. or
UNS Designation
S32202 1870–1975 rapid cooling in air or water min, ksi min, ksi 50 mm,
[MPa] [MPa] min, % HBW HRC
[1020–1080]
S32205 1870–2010 rapid cooling in air or water S31200 100 [690] 65 [450] 25 280 29
[1020–1100] S31260 100 [690] 65 [450] 25 290 30
S32304 1700–1920 rapid cooling in air or water S31500 92 [630] 64 [440] 30 290 30
[925–1050] S31803 90 [620] 65 [450] 25 290 30
S32506 1870–2050 rapid cooling in air or water S32001 90 [620] 65 [450] 25 290 30
[1020–1120] S32003B
S32520 1975–2050 rapid cooling in air or water Wall # 0.187 in. 100 [690] 70 [485] 25 290 30
[1080–1120] [5.00 mm]
S32550 1900 rapid cooling in air or water Wall > 0.187 in. 95 [655] 65 [450] 25 290 30
[1040] min [5.00 mm]
S32707 1975–2050 rapid cooling in air or water S32101
[1080–1120] Wall # 0.187 in. 101 [700] 77 [530] 30 290 30
S32750 1880–2060 rapid cooling in air or water [5.00 mm]
[1025–1125] Wall > 0.187 in. 94 [650] 65 [450] 30 290 30
S32760 1960–2085 rapid cooling in air or water [5.00 mm]
[1070–1140] S32202 94 [650] 65 [450] 30 290 30
S32808 1920–2100 rapid cooling in air or water S32205 95 [655] 70 [485] 25 290 30
[1050–1150] S32304
S32900 1700–1750 rapid cooling in air or water OD 1 in. [25 mm] and
[925–955] Under 100 [690] 65 [450] 25 ... ...
S32906 1870–2100 rapid cooling in air or water OD over 1 in. [25 mm] 87 [600] 58 [400] 25 290 30

--`,`,,,,,`,``,````,,,`,,``,,,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---
[1020–1150] S32506 90 [620] 65 [450] 18 302 32
S32950 1820–1880 air cool S32520 112 [770] 80 [550] 25 310 32
[990–1025] S32550 110 [760] 80 [550] 15 297 31
S33207 1905–2085 rapid cooling in water S32707 133 [920] 101 [700] 25 318 34
[1040–1140] or by other means S32750 116 [800] 80 [550] 15 300 32
S39274 1920–2060 rapid cooling in air or water S32760 109 [750] 80 [550] 25 310 32
[1025–1125] S32808 116 [800] 80 [550] 15 310 32
S39277 1975–2155 rapid cooling in air or water S32900 90 [620] 70 [485] 20 271 28
[1080–1180] S32906
S82011 1850–2050 rapid cooling in air or water Wall below 0.40 in. 116 [800] 94 [650] 25 300 32
[1010–1120] [10 mm]
S82441 1830 [1000] min rapid cooling in air or water Wall 0.40 in. [10 mm] 109 [750] 80 [550] 25 300 32
and above
S32950 100 [690] 70 [480] 20 290 30
S33207
TABLE 3 Number of Tubes in a Lot Heat Treated by the Wall below 0.157 in. 138 [950] 112 [770] 15 336 36
Continuous Process or by Direct Quench after Hot Forming [4 mm]
Size of Tube Size of Lot Wall 0.157 in. 123 [850] 101 [700] 15 336 36
[4 mm] and above
2 in. [50.8 mm] and over in outside diameter not more than 50 tubes S39274 116 [800] 80 [550] 15 310 32
and 0.200 in. [5.1 mm] and over S39277 120 [825] 90 [620] 25 290 30
in wall thickness S82011
Less than 2 in. [50.8 mm] but over 1 in. [25.4 not more than 75 tubes Wall 0.187 in. 101 [700] 75 [515] 30 293 31
mm] in outside diameter or over 1 in. [5.00 mm] and below
[25.4 mm] in outside diameter and under Wall above 95 [655] 65 [450] 30 293 31
0.200 in. [5.1 mm] in wall thickness 0.187 in.
1 in. [25.4 mm] or less in outside diameter not more than 125 tubes [5.00 mm]
S82441
Wall below 0.40 in. 107 [740] 78 [540] 25 290 30
[10 mm]
Wall 0.40 in. [10 mm] 99 [680] 70 [480] 25 290 30
and above
10. Hydrostatic or Nondestructive Electric Test A
For tubing smaller than 1⁄2 in. [12.7 mm] in outside diameter, the elongation
values given for strip specimens in Table 4 shall apply. Mechanical property
10.1 Each tube shall be subjected to the nondestructive requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than 1⁄8 in. [3.2 mm] in outside
electric test or the hydrostatic test. The type of test to be used diameter or with walls thinner than 0.015 in. [0.4 mm].
B
Prior to A789/A789M–04, the values for S32003 were 90 ksi tensile strength and
shall be at the option of the manufacturer, unless otherwise 65 ksi yield strength.
specified in the purchase order.

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12. Permissible Variations in Dimensions considered as scale. Any special finish requirements shall be
12.1 Variations in outside diameter, wall thickness, and subject to agreement between the manufacturer and the pur-
length from those specified shall not exceed the amounts chaser.
prescribed in Table 5.
12.2 The permissible variations in outside diameter given in 14. Product Marking
Table 5 are not sufficient to provide for ovality in thin-walled 14.1 In addition to the marking prescribed in Specification
tubes, as defined in the table. In such tubes, the maximum and A1016/A1016M, the marking shall indicate whether the tubing
minimum diameters at any cross section shall deviate from the is seamless or welded and the wall designation (average wall or
nominal diameter by no more than twice the permissible minimum wall).
variation in outside diameter given in Table 5; however, the
mean diameter at that cross section must still be within the 15. Keywords
given permissible variation.
15.1 duplex stainless steel; ferritic/austenitic stainless steel;
13. Surface Condition seamless steel tube; stainless steel tube; steel tube; welded steel
13.1 All tubes shall be free of excessive mill scale, suitable tube
for inspection. A slight amount of oxidation will not be

--`,`,,,,,`,``,````,,,`,,``,,,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

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TABLE 5 Permissible Variations in Dimensions
Minimum WallE Permissible
Permissible Variations in
Size, Outside Permissible Variations Average Wall D
Variations
Cut Length, in.B Thin Walled
Group Diameter, in. in Outside Diameter, Permissible Variations in Wall Thickness,A
in Wall Thickness,A % [mm] TubesC
[mm] in. [mm] %
Over Under Over Under
1 Up to 1⁄2 [12.7], excl ±0.005 [0.13] ±15 30 0 ⁄ [3]
18 0 ...

2 ⁄ to 11⁄2 [12.7 to 38.1], excl

12 ±0.005 [0.13] ±10 20 0 ⁄ [3]
18 0 less than 0.065 in.
[1.6 mm] specified

3 11⁄2 to 31⁄2 [38.1 to 88.9], excl ±0.010 [0.25] ±10 20 0 ⁄

3 16 [5] 0 less than 0.095 in.
[2.4 mm] specified

4 31⁄2 to 51⁄2 [88.9 to 139.7], excl ±0.015 [0.38] ±10 20 0 ⁄

3 16 [5] 0 less than 0.150 in.
[3.8 mm] specified

5 51⁄2 to 8 [139.7 to 203.2], incl ±0.030 [0.76] ±10 20 0 ⁄

3 16 [5] 0 less than 0.150 in.
[3.8 mm] specified
A
When tubes as ordered require wall thicknesses 3⁄4 in. [19 mm] or over, or an inside diameter 60 % or less of the outside diameter, a wider variation in wall thickness
is required. On such sizes a variation in average wall thickness of 12.5 % over or under, or a variation in minimum wall thickness of 25.0 % over and 0 % under, shall be
permitted.
For tubes less than 1⁄2 in. [12.7 mm] in inside diameter that cannot be successfully drawn over a mandrel, the average wall thickness may vary ±15 % from that specified
or the minimum wall thickness may vary by +30 %, –0 % from that specified.
B
These tolerances apply to cut lengths up to and including 24 ft [7.3 m]. For lengths greater than 24 ft [7.3 m], the above over-tolerances shall be increased by 1⁄8 in. [3
mm] for each 10 ft [3 m] or fraction thereof over 24 ft or 1⁄2 in. [13 mm], whichever is the lesser.
C
Ovality provisions of 12.2 apply.
D
Applicable to tubing specified as average wall (see 3.1.4).
E
Applicable to tubing specified as minimum wall (see 3.1.4).

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

The following supplementary requirement shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the
inquiry, contract, or order.

S1. Pneumatic Test

S1.1 The tubing shall be examined by a pneumatic test
(either air underwater or pneumatic leak test) in accordance
with Specification A1016/A1016M.

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A789/A789M–16a, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved March 15, 2017)

(1) Provide a reduced strength for S32003 heavy wall tube

product in Table 4.

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A789/A789M–16, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved September 1, 2016)

(1) Added HRC maximum to S31200, S32101, S32520,

S32760, and S82441.

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