All Delegates are heartily

welcome for NEBOSH IGC

(A right decision you have taken in
life & career)
You are requested to:-

Blink your eyes frequently to avoid eye strain.

Mute your mike so that class is not disturbed.
Not to be late for the sessions
Not to skip the mock exams
Not to skip the assignments.
 Health
• A complete state of Physical, Psychological,
Social well being and not merely an absence
of disease or ill health.

Give meaning of the term Health ? ( 2 Marks)

Incident
Any Unplanned Un wanted event
Eg: Falling of brick in a construction site
Accident
Unplanned Unwanted event leading to Damage,
Injury, Loss
Eg: Brick falling on workers head.
Near Miss
Unplanned Unwanted event with a potential for
Damage, Injury, Loss, but nothing happened.
Eg: Brick falling just in front of a worker.
 Hazard
• Something (Source, Situation or Act)with the
potential to cause harm

• Eg: Electricity as it cause harm like electric

shock, fire, burn etc.
• Expected question
• Give meaning of the term Hazard with an
example? (2 marks)
 Type of Hazards
• Health Hazard • Safety Hazard
• Physical:
• Slips, trips and falls.
– E.g. noise, vibration, radiation
• Falling objects.
• Chemical:
• Collisions.
– E.g. mercury, solvents, carbon
monoxide. • Trapping/crushing.
• Biological: • Machinery.
– E.g. bacteria, Virus. • Electricity.
• Ergonomic: • Transport.
– E.g. Eye strain, Back muscle • Chemicals.
injury. • Drowning.
• Psychological: • Asphyxiation.
– E.g. stress, violence. • Fire/explosion.
• Animals.
• causes:Occupational disease or ill • Violence.
health
• Causes:Physical injury
:
 What are the Hazards with a long
distance truck driver? (8 Marks)
• Health Hazard
– Physical: Noise(Air Horn) Vibration(Engine)
– Chemical: Fume, Smoke
– Biological:Bacteria, virus from Air, water, food
– Ergonomic: Back pain(continious sitting)
– Psychological: Stress(Traffic)
• Safety Hazard
– Collision
– Overturn
– Loss of control
– Brake failure
– Fire
 Risk
• - the likelihood that a hazard will cause harm
in combination with the severity of injury,
damage or loss that might foreseeable occur.
OR
• A combination of likely hood & severity

• Eg: The risk of electric shock will depend on

Voltage (severity ) and poor condition of
insulation (likely hood) of the equipment.
• Safety
A condition that all workers knows what can cause
accident to them and what precaution they must take
to protect them and not an absence of risk of serious
personal injury.

• Welfare – access to basic facilities.

 Hierarchy of Control

A list of options in the order of importance,

effectiveness, priority in such a way that the most
effective & feasible method on top and least
effective on bottom
Such as
• Elimination.
• Substitution.
• Engineering controls.(Technical)
• Administrative controls.(Behavioral/ Procedural)
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).
 Elimination.
(Remove hazard/risk at the source)
• Automation
• Eg: Robotics
• Out sourcing
• Eg: getting job done by external agencies in
their premises.
 Substitution.
(Replace hazardous material/ equipment/ work with non
hazardous or less hazardous)
• Change Equipment/ Material
• Eg: Solvent based paint replaced by water
based.
• Wired equipment replaced by battery
powered equipment.
• Change method of work
• Eg: Manual mopping changed to vacuum
cleaning to reduce dust level
 Engineering controls:
Prevent contact with the hazard
– Isolation,
– Full enclosure. Eg: Chemical kept in chemical cabinet
– Partial enclosure Eg: Barricading the Excavation area.
– Separation Eg: Use of Foot path for separating vehicle & pedestrian on
road
– Segregation .Eg: Lane driving on road.
– Safety devices.Eg: Fuse, earthing
– Inspection
– Pre use check: Done by user
– Routine: decided by Organisation
– Periodic: decided by manufacturer
– Statutory: decided by Law
Maintenance
Planned preventive Maintenance
Condition based maintenance
Break Down Maintenance
 Administrative controls:
Behavioral Control
(Change the behavior of workers towards safety culture)
– Training
– Information/ Instruction
– Supervision
– Signage (Prohibition, Warning, Mandatory, Fire Fighting, Safe Condition)
Procedural control
(Develop safe work methodes)
– Safe systems of work.
– Risk Assessment, PTW
– Reduced exposure. Eg: Job change
– Reduced time of exposure,.Eg: job rotation, Rest break, dose
– Health Check up
– House keeping/ Hygiene/Waste management
– Welfare
– Emergency procedure/ First Aid.
 Safety Signs

Prohibition Warning Mandatory

Safe Condition Fire-Fighting Equipment

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
 Residual Risk
• The Risk that remains once the existing
controls have been taken into account is called
as residual risk.

• Eg: Working at height with all precautions

taken, still person can fall on same platform by
foot dislocation or even unconscious
 Tolerable Risk
• Risk that can be tolerated for a short time
while interim controls are put into place.

• Eg:- Keeping chemical in a temporary storage

while designated area is constructed
 Acceptable Risk
• If the residual risk is low with the existing
control measures, then it is called as
acceptable risk.
• Eg:-Exposure to CO in a busy traffic after
implementing emission controls on vehicle.

• Exposing to toxic gas below permissible limit.

 Explain why PPE is considered as the last
option in hierarchy of control? (6 M)

PPE protects only the user. User is protected

only if the Selection, Wearing, Fitment,
Removal, Maintenance/Storage/ Disposal is
correct. If the PPE fail harm will happen from
residual risk. PPE does not eliminate or reduce
the hazard. PPE may not be matching with other
PPE.PPE is costly and requires training. PPE may
introduce additional hazards(eg: misting in a
face shield reduce vision).
Identify Topic that shall be covered in a
training session on PPE?
• Correct selection of PPE
• How to wear
• How to check fitment
• How to remove
• How to maintain/store/dispose
• Limitations of PPE
• Legal requirements for using PPE.
 General Principles of Prevention
• Control hazards at source
• Avoid risks
• Evaluate risks which cannot be avoided
– Replace dangerous with less/non dangerous
– Adapt work to suit the individual
• Adapt to technical progress
• Give appropriate instructions to employees
• Give priority to collective protective measures
• Coherent/overall prevention policy
• Use Personal Protection
• Explain why a PPE may not be suitable for
protection? (6 M)
• Give meaning of Hierarchy of controls and
mention different hierarchies with example ?
(12M)
• Explain difference between residual risk &
acceptable risk? (4 M)
• Give one example for risk? (2M)