1000 - Polity One Liner
1000 - Polity One Liner
1000 - Polity One Liner
SSC, UPSC, BANK, RAILWAYS, DEFENCE, STATE EXAMS, IB, NDA, AFCAT, NDA, CDS, IBPS, RPF, IAS, PCS
1. Which of the following Article/Articles cannot be suspended even during emergency?
Article 20 and 21
2. Which article of Indian constitution has the provision for National Emergency?
Article 352
3. Under which article, President of India can proclaim constitutional emergency?
Article 356
4. How many types of emergency are there in the Indian Constitution?
3
5. Financial emergency related to which article?
Article 360
6. How many fundamental Rights are mentioned in Indian constitution?
6
7. How many Fundamental Duties are mentioned in Indian constitution?
11
8. How many types of writ are there in the Indian Constitution?
5
9. How many members of upper house (Rajya Sabha) can be nominated by President of India?
12
10. President of India can be removed from his office by
Parliament
11. The Sharda Act is related to
Child marriage
12. The Jammu and Kashmir state legislative assembly has a tenure of
6 years
13. Indian Planning Commission was constituted in
1950
14. Which article given special status to Jammu and Kashmir?
Article 370
15. Who is the first governor general of India?
Lord Mountbatten
16. Who is the first and last Indian governor general of India?
C. Rajagopalachari
17. Who is the first Lok Sabha Speaker?
GV Mavalankar
18. Who designed Indian national Flag?
Pingali Venkayya
19. Who among the following appointed the Governor of the states in India?
The president
20. How many Schedules are contained in the Constitution of India?
12
21. Who appointed the Chief Justice and Other Judges of the Supreme Court of India?
158. Who among the following is not a member of any of the two houses of our country?
President
159. Indian Citizenship is granted by
The ministry of Home Affairs
160. Which Institution has the final authority to interpret the Constitution of India?
Supreme Court of India
161. Appointments for all India Services are made by
President
162. The Residuary powers of legislation under Indian Constitution rests with
Parliament
163. The President can dismiss a member of the Council of Ministers
On the recommendation of the Prime Minister
164. Right to Privacy comes under
5. Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights, Minorities and Tribal and Excluded Areas – Sardar
Patel. This committee had the following subcommittees:
3. North-East Frontier Tribal Areas and Assam Excluded & Partially Excluded Areas Sub-
Committee – Gopinath Bardoloi
4. Excluded and Partially Excluded Areas (Other than those in Assam) Sub-Committee – A V
Thakkar
Prominent members
B. R. Ambedkar, Minister for Law; Chairman of Drafting Committee.
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, first Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister
Asaf Ali
N. G. Ranga
P. Subbarayan
Kailashnath Katju
N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar
T. T. Krishnamachari
Durgabai Deshmukh
K. M. Munshi
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
Chidambaram Subramaniam
Hargovind Pant
Article 3 – Formation of new states and alteration of areas, boundaries, and the name of existing
states.
Article 6- Rights of citizenship of a certain person who has migrated to India from Pakistan.
Originally, the constitution provided for 7 basic fundamental rights, now there are only six
rights, one Right to property U/A 31 was deleted from the list of fundamental rights by
44th amendment act 1978. It made a legal right U/A 300-A in Part XII of the constitution.
Article 15- Prohibition of discrimination on the grounds of religion, race, caste, sex. Or place of
birth.
5. · (e) Right to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India.
6. · (f) Right to practice any profession or to carry on any occupation, trade, and business.
Article 24- Prohibition of employment of children in factories and mines. Under age of 14.
Article 25- Freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion.
Article 27- Freedom as to pay taxes for promotion of any particular religion.
Article 41- Right to work, to education, and to public assistance in certain cases
Article 45- Provision for free and compulsory education for children.
Article 46- Promotion of educational and economic interest of scheduled castes, ST, and OBC.
Article 47-Duty of the state to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living and to
improve public health.
Article 49- Protection of monuments and places and objects of natural importance.
Article 93- The speakers and Deputy speakers of the house of the people.
Article 123- Powers of the President to promulgate Ordinances during recess of parliament.
PART 13: TRADE, COMMERCE AND INTERCOURSE WITHIN THE TERRITORIES OF INDIA (301-307)
Article 302- Power of Parliament to impose restrictions on trade, commerce, and intercourse.
Article 315- Public service commissions for the union and for the states
Article 326- Elections to the house of the people and to the legislative assemblies of states to be
on the basis of adult suffrage.
PART 16: SPECIAL PROVISIONS TO SC, ST, OBC, MINORITIES ETC (330 -342)
PART 22: SHORT TEXT, COMMENCEMENT, AUTHORITATIVE TEXT IN HINDI AND REPEALS (392 – 395)
Article 393 – Short title – This Constitution may be called the Constitution of India.
Article 395 - Repeals India Independence Act and Government of India Act, 1935
1. Federal Scheme
2. Office of governor
3. Judiciary
5. Emergency provisions
Britain
1. Parliamentary government
2. Rule of Law
3. Legislative procedure
4. Single citizenship
5. Cabinet system
6. Prerogative writs
7. Parliamentary privileges
8. Bicameralism
Ireland
4. Fundamental Rights
5. Judicial review
6. Independence of judiciary
Canada
Australia
1. Concurrent List
2. Freedom of trade
1. Fundamental duties
France
Japan
1. Empowered the state to make the advancement of socially and economically backward
classes.
2. Provided for the saving of laws providing for acquisition of estates etc.
3. Added 9th Schedule to protect the land reform and other laws included in it from the judicial
review.
4. Added three more ground of restrictions on freedom of speech and expression, viz., public
order, friendly relations with foreign states and incitement to an offence. Also made the
restrictions ‘reasonable’ and thus, justifiable in nature.
5. Provided that state trading and nationalisation of any trade or business by the state is not to
be invalid on the ground of violation of the right to trade or business.
1. Included a new subject in the Union list i.e., taxes on the sale and purchase of goods in the
course of inter-state trade and commerce and restricted the state’s power in this regard.
1. It Extended the period of reservation of seats for the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
and Anglo-Indians in the Lok Sabha and the State Legislative Assemblies till 1970.
1. Incorporation of Dadra, Nagar and Haveli as a Union Territory, consequent to acquisition from
Portugal.
1. Enabled the High court’s to issue writs to any person or authority even outside its terrorist’s
jurisdiction if the cause of action arises within its territorial limits.
3. Provided for appointment of retired judges of the high court’s as acting judges of the same
court.
4. Provided the compensatory allowance to judges who are transferring from one High court to
another.
5. Enabled the retired judge of high court to act as adhoc judge of the Supreme Court.
6. Provided for the procedure for determining the age of the Supreme Court and High Court
judges.
1. Affirmed the power of Parliament to amend any part of the Constitution including
Fundamental Rights.
2. Made it compulsory for the president to give his assent to a constitutional Amendament Bill.
1. Increased the elective strength of the Lok Sabha from 525 to 545. Under the Act, the upper
limit of representatives of the States goes up from 500 to 525 and that of the Union Territories
decreases from 25 to 20.
1. By this Act, Sikkim became the 22nd State of the Indian Union.
1. It was passed by Parliament on April 26, 1975, to provide for a Legislative Assembly and a
Council of Ministers to Arunachal Pradesh, the country’s north-easternmost Union Territory.
1. The Bill was passed by the Lok Sabha on August 7 and received Presidential assent on August
9,1975.
2. The Act places beyond challenge in courts the election to Parliament of a person holding the
office of Prime Minister or Speaker and the election of President and Vice-President.
2. Included 64 more Central and state laws, mostly relating to land reforms, in the 9th Schedule.
1. It was enacted during the period of internal emergency. It was passed by Parliament on
November 11, 1976 and received Presidential assent on December 18, 1976.
image source:Quora
2. The Amendment established beyond doubt the supremacy of Parliament over the other wings
of Government; gave the Directive Principles precedence over the Fundamental
Rights;enumerated for the first time a set of ten Fundamental Duties.
3. It further imposed limits on the power and jurisdiction of the judiciary; raised the term of the
Lok Sabha and the Vidhan Sabha from five to six years; authorised the use of Central armed
forces in any State to deal with law and order problems, made the President bound by the
advice of the Council of Ministers and envisaged the establishment of administrative tribunals
for service matters of Government employees and also other tribunals for economic offences.
4. The Act also clearly laid down that no Constitutional Amendment could be questioned in any
court of law.
3. The new law, which was ratified by more than half of the States in accordance with the
Constitution, also restores legislative powers to the States to make appropriate provision for
anti-national activities consistent with the Fundamental Rights. Under the Act, the judiciary has
also been restored to its rightful place.
4. The Supreme Court will now have power to invalidate State laws, a power taken away by the
42nd Amendment Act. The High Courts will also be able to go into the question of constitutional
validity of Central laws thereby enabling persons living in distant places to obtain speedy justice
without having to come to the Supreme Court.
1. The Constitution (45 th Amendment) Bill, re-numbered as the 44th Amendment came into
force on April 30, 1979, when the President gave his assent.
2. The Act removes major distortions in the Constitution introduced during the Emergency. The
duration of the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies has been reduced from six to five
years—the normal term which was extended during the Emergency under the 42nd
Amendment to achieve some political purposes.
3. The Right to Property ceases to be a Fundamental Right and becomes only a legal right
according to the Constitution 44th Amendment.
4. The Act also extends, for the first time since independence, constitutional protection for
publication of the proceedings of Parliament and State Legislatures, except in cases where it is
proved to be “malicious”. Another important feature of the Act is that any proclamation of
Emergency need henceforward, be issued by the President only after receiving the advice of the
Cabinet as a whole in writing. The President will not be called upon to act on the basis of advice
by the Prime Minister on his own without consulting his Cabinet. Other safeguards provide that
the proclamation will have to be adopted by a two-thirds majority of the members of both
Houses of Parliament within a month.
5. The 44th Amendment provides safeguards against future subversion of the Constitution for
establishing an authoritarian regime. It contains provisions which are designed to make it
impossible to impose the kind of emergency the country had experienced for 19 months.
1.The Act has made defection to another party, after elections illegal. Any member defecting to
another party after elections will be disqualified from being Member of Parliament or State
Legislature.
1. It confers Statehood on Mizoram and ensures against unnecessary interference by the Central
Government with the laws relating to spheres of social relationship and community conduct
applicable to Mizoram.
1.It enhances the salaries of Judges of High Courts and Supreme Court of India. The salary of
Chief Justice of India will be Rs 10,000; Chief Justice of High Courts Rs 9000; Judges of Supreme
Court Rs 9000; and Judges of High Courts Rs 8000.
1. It grants Statehood to Arunachal Pradesh which consequently became the 24th State of the
Indian Union.
1. It confers Statehood on Goa and forms a new Union Territory of Daman and Diu. Goa thus
became the 25th State of the Indian Republic.
1. It made a special provision for the setting up of the new State of Goa. Consequently Daman
and Diu were separated from the former to form a Union Territory.
1. It provides for special arrangements with regard to reservation of seats for Scheduled Tribes
in the States of Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Mizoram and Meghalaya. By amending Article 322
the adjustment of seats has been frozen until 2000 A.D.
1. It provided for the extension by another 10 years of reservation of seats in the Parliament and
State Assemblies for the Scheduled Castes and Tribes and reservation for Anglo Indian
community by nomination.
1. To bring land reforms within the purview of 9th Schedule of the Constitution.
1. Delhi made National Capital Region. The Act also made provision for Legislative assembly and
a council of ministers for Delhi.
1. Before this act was made Article 54 relating to the election of the President provided for an
electoral college consisting only of the elected members of Parliament as well as the legislative
assemblies of the States (not of Union Territories). The amendment provide for inclusion of
members of legislature of Pondicherry and Delhi.
1. The act amends the 8th Schedule to the Constitution to include Konkani, Manipuri and Nepali
Languages in the 8th Schedule of the Constitution.
1. To make temporary provision for the determination of the number of seats reserved for the
Scheduled Tribes in the State assembly of Tripura, until the re-adjustment of seats is made on
the basis of the first census after the year 2000 under article 170 of the Constitution.
1. To ensure direct election to all seats in Panchayats; to reserve seats for SCs and STs in
proportion to their population; and for reservation of not less than one third of the seats in
Panchayats for women.
1. It was made to ensure direct election to all seats in Nagarpalikas and Municipalities.
1. It provides for setting up of State-level Rent Tribunals to exclude the jurisdiction of all courts,
except that of the Supreme Court, under Article 136 of the Constitution.
1. According to this Act, the Government have decided to continue the existing policy of
reservation in promotion for the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
1. It includes land reform laws in the Ninth Schedule so that they cannot be challenged before
the courts.
1. It extends the reservation of seats for SC, ST and Anglo-Indians in the Lok Sabha and
Legislative Assemblies for next 10 years.
1. It deals with an alternative scheme for sharing taxes between the Union and the States.
1. It provides that the unfilled vacancies of a year reserved for SC/ST kept for being filled up in a
year as per Article 16, shall be considered separately for filling vacancies in the succeeding year
and the previous list will not be considered for filling the 50% quota of the respective year.
1.It provides that nothing in the Article 355 shall prevent the State from making any provisions
in favour of the members of SC/ST for relaxation in qualifying marks with respect to
examination/job/promotion.
1. The Act amended Article 243 M to provide that no reservation in Panchayats be made in
favour of SC/ST in Arunachal Pradesh where the whole population is tribal.
1. Extended ban on readjustment of seats in the Lok Sabha and the state legislature assemblies
for another 25 years (i.e., up to 2026) with same objective of encouraging population limiting
measures.
1. Provided for ‘consequential seniority’ in the case of promotion by the virtue of rule of
reservation for the government servants belonging to the SCs and STs with retrospective effect
from June 1995.
1. Provides Right to Education until the age of fourteen and early childhood care until the age of
six.
1. Provided for readjustment and rationalisation of territorial constituencies in the states on the
basis of the population figures of 2001 census and not 1991 census as provided earlier by the
84th Amendment Act of 2001.
1. Provided for maintaining the erstwhile representation of the Scheduled Tribes in the Assam
legislative assembly from the Bodoland Territorial Areas District (Article-332 (6))
1. Restricted the size of the Council of Ministers (CoM) to 15 percent of legislative members &
strengthened the Anti Defection laws.
1. Provided for 27 percent reservation for other backward classes in government as well as
private higher educational institutions.
1. To provide for a Minister of Tribal Welfare in newly created Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh
States including Madhya Pradesh and Orissa.
1. To extend the reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) in
the Lok Sabha and states assemblies from Sixty years to Seventy years
1. Added the words "or co-operative societies" after the word "or unions" in Article 19(l) (c) and
inserted article 43B related to promotion of co-operative societies and added Part-IXB that is
The Co-operative Societies.
1. The amendment provides for the formation of a National Judicial Appointments Commission.
1. The term the Constitution (100th Amendment) Act, 2015 was in news in the fourth week of
May 2015 as the President of India Pranab Mukherjee gave his assent to the Constitution (119th
Amendment) Bill, 2013 that
National Emblem
The National Emblem is an adaptation from the Sarnath Lion Capital of Ashoka.
The four smaller animals at the bottom of national emblem are horse and bull (visible) and
lion and elephant (not visible).
The National Emblem was adopted by the Government of India on 26 January 1950.
'Satyameva Jayate' inscribed below has been taken from the Mundaka Upanishad.
National Anthem
The national anthem 'Jana Gana Mana' was first sung at Calcutta session of Indian National
Congress in 1911, 27 Dec.
The song was composed originally in Bengali by Rabindranath Tagore, the National Anthem
is its Hindi version.
The complete song consists of five stanzas. The first stanza contains the full version of the
National Anthem.
National Song
The national song Vande Mataram has been taken from Bankim Chandra Chatterji’s Anand
Math.
National Calendar
The national calendar based on the Saka Era was adopted on 22 Mar 1957.
Chaitra is the first month of the year whose 1st day falls on 22 March normally and on 21
March in a leap year.
National Flag
The design of the wheel at the centre is taken from the abacus of the Sarnath Lion Capital of
Ashoka.
The display of the National Flag is governed by Flag Code of India, 2002, which took effect
on 26 Jan 2002.
As per the provisions of the Flag Code of India, 2002, there shall be no restriction on the
display of the National Flag by members of general public, private organisations, educational
institutions, etc.,except to the extent provided in the Emblems and Names (Prevention of
National Emblem
Improper Use) Act, 1950 and the Prevention of Insults to National Honour Act, 1971 and
any other law enacted on the subject.
Rabindranath
Author Bankim Chandra Chatterji
Tagore
Originally
Bengali Sanskrit
written in
English
Tagore Shri Aurobindo
rendering by
Timeline
9 December 1946: The first meeting of the Constituent Assembly was held in the constitution
hall (now the Central Hall of Parliament House). Demanding a separate state, the Muslim League
boycotted the meeting. Sachchidananda Sinha was elected temporary president of the
assembly, in accordance with French practice.
11 December 1946: Rajendra Prasad was elected as president and H. C. Mukherjee was elected
as vice-president of the constituent assembly. B. N. Rau was appointed as its constitutional
adviser.
13 December 1946: An 'Objective Resolution' was moved by Jawaharlal Nehru in the assembly,
laying down the underlying principles of the constitution. It finally became the Preamble of the
constitution.
29 August 1947: Drafting Committee appointed with Dr. B. R. Ambedkar as the Chairman.
16 July 1948: Along with Harendra Coomar Mookerjee V. T. Krishnamachari was also elected as
second vice-president of Constituent Assembly.
24 January 1950: "Jana Gana Mana" adopted as the national anthem, with the first two verses
of "Vande Mataram" the national song. Rajendra Prasad elected the first president of India.
The assembly was chaired by Dr. Rajendra Prasad when it met as a constituent body, and by G. V.
Mavlankar when it met as a legislative body. It completed the task of drafting a constitution in two
years, eleven months and eighteen days, at a total expenditure of ₹6.4 million.
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