GC Approved Curriculum PDF
GC Approved Curriculum PDF
GC Approved Curriculum PDF
INTRODUCTION
Physical Therapy is an essential segment of modern health care system. It is a
“science of healing and art of caring”. It pertains to the clinical examination, evaluation,
assessment, diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal, Neurological, Cardio-Vascular and
Respiratory systems’ functional disorders including symptoms of pain, edema and
physiological, structural and psychosomatic ailments. It deals with methods of treatment
based on movement, manual therapy, physical agents, and therapeutics modalities to relieve
the pain and other complications.
Hence, Physical Therapy covers basic parameters of healing sciences i.e. preventive,
promotive, diagnostic, rehabilitative, and curative.
TITLE OF DEGREE
Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT)
DURATION
5 years (10 semesters)
FIRST SEMESTER
SECOND SEMESTER
THIRD SEMESTER
FOURTHSEMESTER
FIFTHSEMESTER
SIXTHSEMESTER
SEVENTHSEMESTER
NINTHSEMESTER
TENTHSEMESTER
FIRST SEMESTER
1. UPPER LIMB & GENERAL ANATOMY
2. CARDIOVASCULAR & NEUROMUSCULAR
PHYSIOLOGY
3. INTRODUCTION TO KINESIOLOGY
4. FUNCTIONAL ENGLISH
5. INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICAL THEORY I
6. PAKISTAN STUDIES
UPPER LIMB & LOWER GENERALANATOMY
CREDIT HOURS 4 (3-1)
COURSE DESCRIPTION:
The focus of this course is an in-depth study and analysis of the regional and systemic
organization of the body. Emphasis is placed upon structure and function of human
movement.A comprehensive study of human anatomy with emphasis on the nervous,
musculoskeletal, and circulatory systems is incorporated. Introduction to general anatomy
lays the foundation of the course. Dissection and identification of structures in the cadaver
supplemented with the study of charts, models, prosected materials and radiographs are
utilized to identify anatomical landmarks and configurations of the upper limb and thoracic
region.
THE MUSCLE
Introduction
Histological Classification
Functions of muscles in general
Type of skeletal muscles
Parts of skeletal muscle and their action
Nomenclature.
Microscopic picture of muscle
THE JOINTS
Introduction
Functional classifications
Structural classification
Structures comprising a Synovial joint
Movements of joints
Blood supply of Synovial joints, their nerve supply and lymphatic drainage
Factors responsible for joint stability.
Development of joints
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
Definition
Division of circulatory system into pulmonary & systemic
Classification of blood vessels and their microscopic picture
Heart and its histology
Function of the Heart
Anastomosis
NERVOUS SYSTEM
Definition
Outline of cellular architecture
Classification of nervous system
Parts of the central nervous system
Microscopic picture of cerebrum, cerebellum, spinal cord
Functional components of a nerve
Typical spinal nerve
Microscopic picture of nerve
Introduction of autonomic nervous system
Anatomy of neuromuscular junction
UPPER LIMB
OSTEOLOGY:
Detailed description of all bones of upper limb and shoulder girdle along their
musculature and ligamentous attachments.
MYOLOGY
Muscles connectingupper limb to the axial skeletal
Muscles around shoulder joint
Walls and contents of axilla
Muscles in brachial region
Muscles of forearm
Muscles of hand.
Retinacula,
Palmar apouenrosis
Flexor tendon dorsal digital expansion
NEUROLOGY
Course, distribution and functions of all nerves of upper limb
Brachial plexus
ANGIOLOGY (CIRCULATION).
Course and distribution of all arteries and veins of upper limb.
Lymphatic drainage of the upper limb
Axillary lymph node
Cubital fossa
ARTHROLOGY
Acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints
Shoulder joint
Elbow joint
Wrist joint
Radioulnar joints
Inter carpal joints
Joints MCP and IP
Surface Anatomy of upper limb
Surface marking of upper limb
DEMONSTARIONS:
Demonstration on Shoulder joint, attached muscles and articulating surfaces.
Demonstration on Elbow joint.
Demonstration on Wrist joint
Demonstration on Radioulnar joint.
Demonstration on MCP and IP joints.
Demonstration on acromioclavicular joint
Demonstration on sternoclavicular joint
Demonstration on Brachial plexus.
Demonstration of blood supply of brain.
Demonstration on Structure of bones
THORAX
STRUCTURES OF THE THORACIC WALL:
Dorsal spine (Vertebrae)
Sternum
Costal Cartilages & Ribs
Intercostal Muscles
Intercostal Nerves
Diaphragm
Blood supply of thoracic wall
Lymphatic drainage of thoracic wall
Joints of thorax
THORACIC CAVITY:
Mediastinum
Pleura
Trachea
Lungs
Bronchopulmonary segments
Pericardium
Heart – Its blood supply, venous drainage & nerve supply
Large veins of thorax, superior and in-ferior vena cava., pulmonary veins
brachiocephalic veins.
Large Arteries – Aorta & its branches
PRACTICAL
During study of Gross Anatomy, emphasis should be given on applied aspect, radiological
anatomy, surface anatomy and cross-sectional anatomy of the region covered in the
respective semester /year
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
Heart and circulation
Function of cardiac muscle
Cardiac pacemaker and cardiac muscle contraction
Cardiac cycle
ECG: recording and interpretation
Common arrhythmias and its mechanism of development
Types of blood vessels and their function
Haemodynamics of blood flow (local control systemic circulation its regulation and
control). Peripheral resistance its regulation and effect on circulation
Arterial pulse
Blood pressure and its regulation
Cardiac output and its control
Heart sounds and murmurs Importance in circulation and control of venous return.
Coronary circulation
Splanchnic, pulmonary and cerebral circulation
Triple response and cutaneous circulation
Foetal circulation and circulatory changes at birth
Clinical Module
1. Clinical significance of cardiac cycle, correlation of ECG and heart sounds to cardiac
cycle
2. Clinical significance of cardiac cycle, interpretation of ischemia and arrhythmias
3. Effects of hypertension
4. Clinical significance of heart sounds
5. Effects of ischemia
6. Shock
PHYSIOLOGY PRACTICALS
Cardiovascular System
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (to be coordinated with the department of medicine)
Examination of arterial pulse
ECG recording and interpretation
Arterial blood pressure
Effects of exercise and posture on blood pressure
Apex beat and normal heart sounds
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
Definition of kinesiology
Definition of rehabilitation
MECHANICS:
Mechanical Principles and Mechanics of Position
Force - force system – Description of units.
Gravity: Center of gravity and line of gravity
Level of gravity
Equilibrium
Fixation and Stabilization
Mechanics of movement
Axes /Plane
Speed
Velocity
Acceleration
Momentum
Inertia
Friction
Lever - types - application
Pulley - types - application
Anatomical application of lever system and other pulley system application
Angle of pull
INTRODUCTION TO MOVEMENT
The body levers
Forces applied to the body levers
Types of movement and posture
Patterns of movement
Timing in movement
Rhythm of movement
The nervous control of movement
STARTING POSITIONS
Definition
Fundamental positions
Standing
Kneeling
Sitting
Lying
Hanging
The pelvic tilt
POSTURE
Inactive postures
Active postures
The postural mechanism
The pattern of posture
Principles of Re- Education
Techniques of Re-Education
Prevention of muscles wasting
The initiation of muscular contraction
Strengthening methods
Abnormal postures
Course Contents
Basics of Grammar
Parts of speech and use of articles
Sentence structure
Analysis of phrase, clause and sentence structure
Comprehension
Answers to questions on a given text
Paragraph writing
Topics to be chosen at the discretion of the teacher
Presentation skills (assignment)
Personality development (emphasis on content, style and pronunciation)
Study skills (assignment)
Skimming and scanning, intensive and extensive, and speed reading, summary and précis
writing and comprehension
RECOMMENDED TEXT BOOKS:
Writing. Intermediate by Marie-Christine Boutin, Suzanne Brinand and
Francoise Grellet. Oxford Supplementary Skills. Fourth Impression 1993.
ISBN 0 19 435405 7 Pages 20-27 and 35-41.
Reading. Upper Intermediate. Brain Tomlinson and Rod Ellis. Oxford
Supplementary Skills. Third Impression 1992. ISBN 0 19 453402 2.
Practical English Grammar by A.J. Thomson and A.V. Martinet. Exercises 2.
Third edition. Oxford University Press 1986. ISBN 0 19 431350 6.
Reading. Advanced. Brian Tomlinson and Rod Ellis. Oxford Supplementary
Skills. Third Impression 1991. ISBN 0 19 453403 0.
Writing. Advanced by Ron White. Oxford Supplementary Skills. Third
Impression 1992. ISBN 0 19 435407 3 (particularly suitable for discursive,
descriptive, argumentative and report writin
PAKISTAN STUDIES
(COMPULSORY)
CREDIT HOURS 2 (2-0)
COURSE DESCRIPTION:
Historical Perspective
Ideological rationale with special reference to Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, Allama
Muhammad Iqbal and Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah.
Factors leading to Muslim separatism
Government and Politics in Pakistan
Political and constitutional phases: 1947-58, 1958-71, 1971-77, 1977-88, 1988-99, 1999 onward
Contemporary Pakistan
Economic institutions and issues
Society and social structure
Ethnicity
Foreign policy of Pakistan and challenges
Futuristic outlook of Pakistan
BOOKS RECOMMENDED
S.M. Burke and Lawrence Ziring. Pakistan’s Foreign policy: An Historical analysis.
Karachi: OxfordUniversity Press, 1993.
Mehmood, Safdar. Pakistan Political Roots & Development. Lahore, 1994.
Haq, Noor ul. Making of Pakistan: The Military Perspective.Islamabad: National
Commission on Historical and Cultural Research, 1993.
INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICAL THEORY I
CREDIT HOURS: 3 (3-0)
COURSE DESCRIPTION
To provide the students with the necessary concepts of statistics to enable them to realize a
research project in the field of Physiotherapy. It involves selection of appropriate statistical
techniques to address questions of medical relevance; select and apply appropriate statistical
techniques for managing common types of medical data; use various software packages for
statistical analysis and data management; interpret the results of statistical analyses and critically
evaluate the use of statistics in the medical literature; communicate effectively with statisticians
and the wider medical community, in writing and orally through presentation of results of
statistical analyses; explore current and anticipated developments in medical statistics. It is
designed to teach entry-level physical therapy students the fundamentals of reading and
understanding research methods, design, and statistics.
Presentation of Data
Basic principles of classification and Tabulation
Constructing of a frequency distribution
Relative and Cumulative frequency distribution
Diagrams, Graphs and its Construction for Bar charts, Pie chart, Histogram, Frequency
polygon and Frequency curve, Cumulative Frequency Polygon or and Histogram
Types of frequency curves..
Measures of Dispersion
Absolute and relative measures
Range, The semi-Inter-quartile Range
The Mean Deviation
The Variance and standard deviation
Change of origin and scale
Interpretation of the standard Deviation
Coefficient of variation
Properties of variance, standard Deviation,
Standardized variables
LOWER LIMB
OSTEOLOGY
Detailed description of all bones of lower limb and pelvis along their musculature and
ligamentous attachments.
MYOLOGY
Muscles of gluteal region
Muscles around hip joint
Muscles of thigh (anteriorly, posteriorly, laterally and medially)
Muscles of lower leg and foot.
NEUROLOGY
Course, distribution, supply of all nerves of lower limb and gluteal region
Lumbosacral plexus.
ANGIOLOGY
Course and distribution of all arteries, veins and lymphatic drainage of lower limb
ARTHROLOGY
Pelvis
Hip joint
Knee joint
Ankle joint
Joints of the foot
Surface Anatomy of lower limb
Surface marking of lower limb
ABDOMEN
ABDOMINAL WALL:
Structures of anterior abdominal wall: superficial and deep muscles
Structure of rectus sheath
Structures of Posterior abdominal wall
Lumbar spine (vertebrae)
Brief description of viscera
PELVIS
Brief description of anterior, posterior and lateral walls of the pelvis
Inferior pelvic wall or pelvic floor muscles
Sacrum
Brief description of perineum
Nerves of perineum
GENERAL HISTOLOGY
Cell
Epithelium
Connective tissue
Bone
Muscles tissue
Nervous tissues
Blood vessels
Skin and appendages
Lymphatic organs
PRACTICAL
During study of Gross Anatomy, emphasis should be given on applied aspect, radiological
anatomy, surface anatomy and cross-sectional anatomy of the region covered in the respective
semester /year
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
General function of gastrointestinal tract,
Enteric nervous system,
control of gastrointestinal,
motility and secretion,
Mastication,
Swallowing: mechanism and control.
Function, motility and secretions of stomach.
Function, motility and secretions of small intestine.
Function, motility and secretions of large intestine.
Function of GIT hormones,
Mechanism of vomiting and its control pathway.
Defecation and its control pathway.
Functions of liver,
Functions of, gallbladder and bile in digestion.
Endocrine & exocrine pancreas and functions of pancreas in digestion
Clinical Module
1. Dysphagia
2. Physiological basis of acid peptic disease
3. Causes of vomiting
4. Diarrhea and constipation in clinical settings
5. Jaundice and liver function tests in clinical settings
BLOOD
Composition and general functions of blood,
Plasma proteins their production and function.
Erythropoiesis and red blood cell function.
Structure, function, production and different types of haemoglobin,
Iron absorption storage and metabolism.
Blood indices, Function, production and type of white blood cells,
Function and production of platelets.
Clotting mechanism of blood,
Blood groups and their role in blood transfusion,
Complications of blood transfusion with reference to ABO & RH incompatibility.
Components of reticuloendothelial systems, gross and microscopic structure including
tonsil, lymph node and spleen.
Development and function of reticuloendothelial system
Clinical Module
1. Anemia and its different types
2. Blood indices in various disorders
3. Clotting disorders
4. Blood grouping and cross matching
5. Immunity
ENDOCRINOLOGY
Classification of endocrine glands,
Mechanism of action,
feedback and control of hormonal secretion.
Functions of the hypothalamus,
Hormones secreted by the anterior and posterior pituitary and their mechanism of action
and function.. Function of the thyroid gland.,
Function of the parathyroid gland.,
Calcium metabolism and its regulation.
Secretion and function of calcitonin,
Hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex and medulla, and their function and mechanism
of action.
Endocrine functions of the pancreas, Control of blood sugar. Hormones secreted by the
gastrointestinal system and their function.
Function of the thymus,
The endocrine functions of the kidney and Physiology of growth.
Clinical Module
1. Acromegaly, gigantism and dwarfism.
2. Effects of panhypopitutiarism.
3. Diabetes insipidus.
4. Thyrotoxicosis and myxoedema.
5. Pheochromocytoma.
6. Cushing’s disease.
7. Adrenogenital syndrome.
8. Diabetes mellitus and hypoglycaemila.
PHYSIOLOGY PRACTICALS
HEMATOLOGY
1. Use of the microscope
2. Determination of haemoglobin
3. Determination of erythrocyte sedimentation rate
4. Determining packed cell volume
5. Measuring bleeding and clotting time
6. RBC count
7. Red cell indices
8. WBC count
9. Leukocyte count
10. 10.Prothrombin and thrombin time
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
1. Clinical examination of chest
2. Pulmonary volume, their capacities and clinical interpretation
3. Stethography
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
COURSE DESCRIPTION:
This course covers the definition of kinesiology and its importance to physical therapy and
identifies the scope of kinesiology studies and their application. It also covers the types of human
motions and their planes of motions and its relative axes explain the inter-relationship among
kinematic variables, and utilize the knowledge of this inter-relationship to describe and analyze
motion.
This course also covers the classification of the joints or muscles and their characteristics
distinguishing arthrokinematic movements from osteokinematic movements and explain their
relationship and the difference among agonists, antagonists, and synergists integrate the
knowledge learned with human motion occurring during daily activities.
RANGE OF MOTION
Active Movements
Voluntary movements
Definition
Classification
Free Exercises
Classification of free exercises
Techniques of free exercises
Effects and uses
Assisted Exercises
The principles of assistance
Techniques
Effects and uses
Assisted Resisted Exercises
Resisted Exercises
The principles of resistance
Variation of the power of the muscles in different parts of their range
Techniques of resisted exercises
Resistances
Progressive resistance exercise
Progression
Effects and uses of resisted exercises
Involuntary Movement
Reflex movement
The reflex arc
The stretch reflex
The righting reflexes
The postural reflexes
Effects and uses of reflex movement
PASSIVE MOVEMENT
Classification
Specific definitions
Relaxed passive movements
Principles of giving relaxed passive movements & its Effects and uses
Accessory movements
Principles of giving accessory movements and its Effects and uses
Passive manual mobilization and manipulations
Principles and Effects and uses
Controlled sustained stretching, Principles and Effects and uses
RELAXATION
Definition
Muscle tone
Postural tone
Voluntary movement
Mental attitudes
Degrees of relaxation
Pathological tension in the muscles
Technique
General relaxation
Local relaxation
DERIVED POSITIONS
Purpose of derived positions
Positions derived from standing By: alteration of arms, alteration of the legs, alteration of
trunk & alteration of legs and trunk
Positions derived from kneeling
Positions derived from sitting By: alteration of the legs& by alteration of trunk
Positions derived from lying , By alteration of arms and by alteration of the legs
Positions derived from hanging
Other positions in which some of the weight is taken on the arms
SUSPENSION THERAPY
Suspension application
Suspension concept of inclined planes
The fixed point suspension
Supporting rope and its types
Sling and its types
Type of suspension: axial &vertical
Methods, techniques of suspension: upper limb & lower limb
Suspension effect on muscle work and joint mobility
NEUROMUSCULAR CO-ORDINATION
Coordinated movement
Group action of muscles
Nervous control
Inco-ordination
Re-Education
Frenkel’s exercises
WALKING AIDS
Crutches
Sticks
Tripod or Quadra pod
Frames
COURSE DESCRIPTION
CV and job application
Academic skills
Letter/memo writing, minutes of meetings,
Academic writing
How to write a proposal for research paper/term paper
How to write a research paper/term paper (emphasis on style, content, language, form, clarity,
consistency)
Technical Report writing
Progress report writing
Hypothesis Testing
Introduction
Statistical problem
Null and alternative hypothesis
Type-I and Type-II errors
level of significance
Test statistics
Acceptance and rejection region
General procedure for testing of hypothesis.
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
Walpole, R. E. 1982. “Introduction to Statistics”, 3rd Ed., Macmillan Publishing
Co., Inc. New York. Muhammad, F. 2005.
“Statistical Methods and Data Analysis”, Kitab Markaz, Bhawana Bazar
Faisalabad
THIRD SEMESTER
1. HEAD AND NECK ANATOMY& HUMAN EMBRYOLOGY
2. PHYSIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTIVE , NERVOUS &
RENAL SYSTEM
3. INTRODUCTION TO BIOMECHANICS & ERGONOMICS
4. BIOCHEMISTRY & GENETICS I
5. INTRODUCTION TO EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY
6. INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTING APPLICATIONS
INTRODUCTION TO EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY
CREDIT HOURS 3 (3-0)
Course Description:
This course aims to develop a critical appreciation of exercise and applied physiology, enabling
design of specialist injury prevention, rehabilitation and performance enhancement programmes
and strategies
DETAILED COURSE OUTLINE:
PHYSIOLOGY OF EXERCISE
CONTROL OF INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT
Homeostasis
Control systems of the body
Nature of the control system
Examples of homeostatic control
Exercise : A test of homeostatic control
TEMPERATURE REGULATION
Overview of heat balance during exercise
Overview of heat production/heat loss
Body’s thermostat-hypothalamus
Thermal events during exercise
Exercise in the heat
Exercise in cold environment
THE PHYSIOLOGY OF TRAINING: EFFECT ON VO2 MAX, PERFORMANCE,
HOMEOSTASIS AND STRENGTH
Principles of training
Research designs to study training
Endurance training and VO2 max
VO2 max: cardiac output and arterio-venous oxygen difference
Detraining and VO2 max
Endurance training: effects on performance and homeostasis
Endurance training: links between muscle and system physiology
Physiological effects of strength training
Physiological mechanisms causing increased strength
Recommended Textbooks:
Exercise Physiology- Theory and Application to Fitness and Performance by: Scott K.
Powers, Edward T. Howley.
Exercise physiology, A thematic Approach By: Tudor Hale, University College Chichester,
UK
Additional study material as assigned by the tutor
INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTING APPLICATIONS
CREDIT HOURRS 3(2-1)
Course Description:
This is an introductory course on Information and Communication Technologies. Topics include
ICT terminologies, hardware and software components, the internet and world wide web, and
ICT based applications.
DETAILED COURSE OUT LINE
Basic Definitions & Concepts
Hardware Computer Systems & Components
Storage Devices
Software Operating Systems, Programming and Application Software
MS Office (Word , excel and power point )
Networks
The Internet, Browsers and Search Engines(related to medical sector)
The Internet Email, Collaborative Computing and Social Networking
IT Security and other issues
PRACTICAL
During study of Gross Anatomy, emphasis should be given on applied aspect, radiological
anatomy, surface anatomy and cross-sectional anatomy of the region covered in the respective
semester /year
Recommended Text Books:
Gray’s Anatomy by Prof. Susan Standring 39th Ed., Elsevier.
Clinical Anatomy for Medical Students by Richard S.Snell.
Clinically Oriented Anatomy by Keith Moore.
Clinical Anatomy by R.J. Last, Latest Ed.
Cunningham’s Manual of Practical Anatomy by G.J. Romanes, 15th Ed., Vol-I, II
and III.
The Developing Human. Clinically Oriented Embryology by Keith L. Moore, 6th
Ed.
Wheater’s Functional Histology by Young and Heath, Latest Ed.
Medical Histology by Prof. Laiq Hussain.
Neuroanatomyby Richard S.Snell
PHYSIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTIVE , NERVOUS &
RENAL SYSTEM
CREDIT HOURS 3(2-1)
Course Description:
The course is designed to study the function of the human body at the molecular, cellular, tissue
and systems levels, The major underlying themes are: the mechanisms for promoting
homeostasis; cellular processes of metabolism, membrane function and cellular signaling; the
mechanisms that match supply of nutrients to tissue demands at different activity levels; the
mechanisms that match the rate of excretion of waste products to their rate of production; the
mechanisms that defend the body against injury and promote healing.
These topics are addressed by a consideration of nervous and endocrine regulation of the
cardiovascular, hematopoietic, pulmonary, renal, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal systems,
including the control of cellular metabolism. The integrative nature of physiological responses in
normal function and disease is stressed throughout
This course provides the foundation for the further course as exercise physiology, pathology, etc
Clinical Module
1. Significance of dermatomes.
2. Injuries of the spinal cord.
3. Hemiplegia and paraplegia.
4. Parkinsonism.
5. Effects of cerebellar dysfunction.
REPRODUCTION
Function of the male reproductive system, Spermatogenesis.,
Mechanism of erection and ejaculation.,
Production and function of testosterone and Physiological changes during male puberty.
Function of the female reproductive system.,
Production and function of oestrogen, and progesterone,
Menstrual cycle,
Physiological changes during female puberty and menopause,
Pregnancy and the physiological changes taking place in the mother.
Function of the placenta,
Parturition and lactation.
Neonatal physiology.
Clinical Module
1. Male infertility.
2. Female infertility.
3. Contraception.
4. Basis for pregnancy tests.
Clinical Module
1. Renal function tests and their clinical importance.
2. Fluid excess and depletion.
3. Renal failure and dialysis.
4. Metabolic acidosis and alkalosis.
5. Abnormalities of micturition.
PHYSIOLOGY PRACTICALS
Nervous System
1. Examination of superficial and deep reflexes.
2. Brief examination of the motor and sensory system.
3. Examination of the cranial nerves.
Special Senses
1. Measurement of the field of vision.
2. Measurement of light reflex.
3. Ophthalmoscopy.
4. Colour vision.
5. Hearing tests.
6. Testing taste and smell.
Pregnancy tests
RECOMMENDED BOOKS
BASIC TERMINOLOGY
Biomechanics
Mechanics
Dynamics
Statics
Kinematics
Kinetics and anthropometries
Scope of scientific inquiry addressed by biomechanics
Difference between quantitative and qualitative approach for analyzing human movements
Biomechanics of human bone growth and development
ERGONOMICS
OVERVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK.
Ergonomics and Therapy: An Introduction.
A Client-Centered Framework for Therapists in Ergonomics.
Macroergonomics.
KNOWLEDGE, TOOLS, AND TECHNIQUES.
Ergonomic Assessments/Work Assessments.
Anthropometry
Cognitive and Behavioral Occupational Demands of Work.
Psychosocial Factors in Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders.
Physical Environment.
Human Factors in Medical Rehabilitation Equipment: Product Development and
Usability Testing.
CELL
Introduction to Biochemistry
Cell: (Biochemical Aspects)
Cell Membrane Structure
Membrane Proteins
Receptors & Signal Molecules
BODY FLUIDS
Structure and properties of Water
Weak Acids & Bases
Concept of pH & pK
Buffers, their mechanism of action
Body buffers
BIOMOLECULES
Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins
Amino acids: Classification
Acid-Base Properties
Functions & Significance.
Protein Structure, Primary, Secondary & Super secondary. &, Structural Motifs
Tertiary & Quaternary Structures of Proteins
Protein Domains
Classification of Proteins
Fibrous proteins (collagens and elastins ) & Globular proteins
ENZYMES
Introduction
Classification & Properties of Enzymes
Coenzymes
Isozymes & Proenzymes
Regulation & Inhibition of Enzyme activity & enzymes inhibitors
Clinical Diagnostic Enzymology
CARBOHYDRATES
Definition
Classification
Biochemical Functions & Significance of Carbohydrates
Structure & Properties of Monosaccharides & Oligosaccharides
Structure & Properties of Polysaccharides
Bacterial cell Wall
Heteropolysaccharides
GAGS
LIPIDS
Classification of Lipids
Fatty Acids: Chemistry
Classification occurrence & Functions
Structure & Properties of Triacylglycerols and Complex Lipids
Classification & Functions of Eicosanoids
Cholesterol: Chemistry, Functions & Clinical Significance
Bile acids/salts
NUCLEIC ACIDS
Structure, Functions & Biochemical Role of Nucleotides
Structure & Functions of DNA
Structure & Functions of RNA
NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
MINERALS & TRACE ELEMENTS
Sources
RDA
Biochemical Functions & Clinical Significance of Calcium & Phosphorus
Sources
RDA
Biochemical Functions & Clinical Significance of Sodium Potassium& Chloride
Metabolism of Iron, Cu, Zn, Mg, Mn, Se, I,F
VITAMINS
Sources
RDA
Biochemical Functions & Clinical Significance of Fat Soluble Vitamins
Sources
RDA
Biochemical Functions & Clinical Significance of Water Soluble
Vitamins
NUTRITION
Dietary Importance of Carbohydrates, Lipids & Proteins
Balanced Diet
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
DNA Replication & Repair in Prokaryotes
DNA Replication & Repair in Eukaryotes
Course Description:
The focus of this course is an in-depth study and analysis of the regional and systemic
organization of the body. Emphasis is placed upon structure and function of human movement.A
comprehensive study of human anatomy with emphasis on the nervous, skeletal, muscle, and
circulatory systems is incorporated. Introduction to general anatomy lays the foundation of the
course. Dissection and identification of structures in the cadaver supplemented with the study of
charts, models, prosected materials and radiographs are utilized to identify anatomical landmarks
and configurations of the region
DETAILED COURSE OUTLINE:
NEURO ANATOMY
Central Nervous System: Disposition, Parts and Functions
Brain stem (Pons, Medulla, and Mid Brain)
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Internal Capsule
Blood Supply of Brain
Stroke and its types
Ventricles of Brain
CSF circulation and Hydrocephalus
Meninges of Brain
Neural pathways (Neural Tracts)
Pyramidal and Extra pyramidal System (Ascending and Descending tracts)
Functional significance of Spinal cord level
Cranial Nerves with special emphasis upon IV, V, VII, XI, XII (their course, distribution, and
palsies).
Autonomic nervous system, its components
Nerve receptors
SPINAL CORD
Gross appearance
Structure of spinal cord
Grey and white matter (brief description)
Meninges of spinal cord
Blood supply of spinal cord
Autonomic Nervous system
PRACTICAL
During study of Gross Anatomy, emphasis should be given on applied aspect, radiological
anatomy, surface anatomy and cross-sectional anatomy of the region covered in the respective
semester /year
APPLIED BIOMECHANICS
Introduction to the Biomechanics of Fracture Fixation
Biomechanics of Arthroplasty
Engineering Approaches to Standing, Sitting, and Lying
Biomechanics of Gait
ANGULAR KINETICS OF HUMAN MOVEMENT
Angular analogues of mass, force, momentum and impulse
Angular analogues of Newton's laws of motion
Centripetal and Centrifugal forces
Angular acceleration
ERGONOMICS II
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
Lifting Analysis.
Seating.
Computers and Assistive Technology.
APPLICATION PROCESS
Ergonomics of Children and Youth.
Ergonomics of Aging.
Ergonomics in Injury Prevention and Disability Management.
Ergonomics of Play and Leisure.
PRACTICAL TRAINING / LAB WORK
Biomechanical assessment of Upper extremity
Biomechanical assessment of Lower Extremity
Biomechanical assessment of Gait
Reflective case assignment related to biomechanics of various regions of the body
Measurement of angles of joints
Biomechanical study of deformities
UNDERSTANDING BEHAVIOUR
Sensation, sense organs / special organs
Perception and factors affecting it
Attention and concentration
Memory and its stages, types and methods to improve it
Types and theories of thinking
Cognition and levels of cognition
Problem solving and decision making strategies
Communication Its types, modes and factors affecting it Non-verbal cues
Characteristics of a good communicator
STRESS MANAGEMENT
Definition and classification of stress and stressors
Relationship of stress and stressors with illness
Stress and health
Anxiety
Coping skills
Psychological defence mechanisms
Conflict and frustration
Adjustment and maladjustment
Patient anxiety / stress
Psychological theories of pain perception and patients’ experience of pain Treatment
adherence and compliance
Psychological techniques including hypnosis
COMMUNICATION SKILLS
Principles of effective communication
Active listening
Art of questioning
Good and bad listener
Counseling: steps, scope, indication and contraindications
Dealing with real life crisis and conflict situations in health settings
A practical method of communication between the doctor and patient about disease, drugs,
prognosis etc
INTERVIEWING
Collecting data on psychosocial factors in Medicine / Surgery / Reproductive Health /
Paediatrics and other general health conditions
Types of interview
Skills of interviewing
HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY
Importance of psychological consideration in clinical management of patients
Psychological therapies
Key concepts in child’s social and cognitive development
Psychological changes during adolescence and old age and their clinical management
Impact of illness on a patient’s psychological well being including the ability to cope and
understand the association between psychological stress and physical well being
Role of doctor in patient reassurance and allaying anxiety and fear
TISSUE BIOCHEMISTRY
Extracellular Matrix
Collagen
Elastin and Extracellular Matrix Components
Biochemistry of Proteoglycans
Bone & Teeth
Muscle & Cytoskeleton
METABOLISM
BIOENERGETICS
Introduction to Bioenergetics,
Biological Oxidations
Electron Transport Chain and Oxidative Phosphorylation
METABOLISM OF CARBOHYDRATES
Digestion & Absorption of Carbohydrates
Glycolysis & its Regulation
Citric Acid Cycle
Metabolism of Glycogen
Gluconeogenesis and regulation of blood glucose
Pentose Phosphate Pathway & its Significance
METABOLISM OF LIPIDS
Digestion & Absorption of Lipids
Metabolism & Clinical Significance of Lipoproteins
Fatty acid oxidation biosynthesis and metabolism of Triacylglycerols
Metabolism & clinical Significance of Cholesterol
Metabolism of Eicosanoids
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Transcription in Prokaryotes
Transcription in Eukaryotes
Translation: (Genetic Code) Protein Synthesis in Prokaryotes
Translation: (Genetic Code) Protein Synthesis in Eukaryotes
Translation Inhibition by Antibiotics
Regulation of Gene Expression
Recombinant DNA Technology & Polymerase Chain Reaction
HORMONES
Classification & Mechanism of Action of Hormones
Signal Transduction, Second Messengers and Receptors
Steroid Hormones: Glucocorticoids and Mineralocorticoids
Insulin & Glucagon
Recommended Text Books:
Harper’s Biochemistry by Robbert K. Murray, Daryl K. Granner, Peter A.
Mayes, Victor W. Rodwell, Latest Ed.
Lippincott’s Illustrated Review of Biochemistry by Pamela C. Champe and
Richard A. Harvey, Latest Ed.
Practical Clinical Biochemistry by Varley.
Textbook of Biochemistry by Devlin, 5th Ed.
Textbook of Medical Biochemistry Vol-I and II by M.A. Hashmi. Biochemistry
by Stryer, Lubert, Latest Ed
ADVANCE CLINICAL EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY
CREDIT HOURS 3 (3-0)
Course Description:
This course aims to develop a critical appreciation of exercise and applied physiology, enabling
design of specialist injury prevention, rehabilitation and performance enhancement programmers
and strategies
PHYSIOLOGY OF PERFORMANCE
FACTORS AFFECTING PERFORMANCE:
Sites of fatigue
Factors limiting All-out anaerobic performances
Factors limiting All-out aerobic performances
TRAINING OF PERFORMANCE
Training principles
Components of a training session: warm-up, workout and cool down
Training to improve aerobic power
Injuries and endurance training
Training for improved anaerobic power
Training to improve muscular strength
Training for improved flexibility
Year-round conditioning for athletes
Common training mistakes
TRAINING FOR THE FEMALE ATHLETE, CHILDREN AND SPECIAL POPULATION
Factors important to women involved in vigorous training
Sports conditioning for children
Competitive training for diabetics
Training for asthmatics
Epilepsy and physical training
Recommended Textbooks:
Exercise Physiology- Theory and Application to Fitness and Performance by: Scott K.
Powers, Edward T. Howley.
Exercise physiology, A thematic Approach By: Tudor Hale, University College Chichester,
UK
Additional study material as assigned by the tutor
MEDICAL PHYSICSIN REHABILITATION
CREDIT HOURS 3(2-1)
Course Description:
This course will cover the basic principal of Physics which are applicable in medical equipment
used in Physical therapy. Also help to understand the fundamentals of currents, sound waves,
Heat & its effects, electromedical radiations and their effects as well as their application in
physical therapy.
DETAILED COURSE OUTLINE:
STATIC ELECTRICITY
Charging by conduction and Induction
Electrostatic Fields
Gold leaf Electroscope
Capacitors, types of capacitors, Construction, Units
Arrangement of Capacitors in series and parallel
Charging and discharging of capacitors
Oscillating Discharge of Capacitors
CURRENT ELECTRICITY
Ohm’s Law
Electrical Components and their unit
Resistance
Types of Resistance, Units
Chemical effects of a Current
Types of Current
Cell and Batteries
Simple Voltage Cell
Wet and dry Lachlanhe Cell
Combination of Cells in series and parallel
Thermal effects of current
Electrolysis and Electrolytic burns
Ionization of gases and Thermionic emission
Electronic tubes
Diodes and Triodes
ELECTROMAGNETISM:
Molecular theory of magnetism
Magnetic effect of an electric current
Moving coil volt meter and Ammeter
Moving iron type, hot wire type and Thermocouple type meter
Measurement of high frequency and alternate current with meters
Electromagnetic induction
Faradays law and Lenses law
Mutual and self Induction
Eddy currents
Transformer
Construction and types
Static and auto Transformer
Dynamo, construction
A.C & D.C Dynamo
ELECTRO MECHANICS:
Current for treatment
Rectification
Rectification of A.C
Half wave and full wave Rectification
Valve rectification circuits and metal rectifier
Surging of current
Lewis surger and valve surger
Reverser
Metronome interrupter and Reverse Jones motor interrupter
Vibrations and Multivibrators circuit
HEAT
Scales of temp and its conversion to other scales
Nature of heat energy
Specific heat and three modes of heat energy transfer effect of impurities on melting and
boiling points
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
Electromagnetic spectrum
Relationship between frequency and wave length
Laws of reflection, refraction and absorptions
Total internal reflection
Cosine law and inverse square law
Concave and convex mirrors
Lenses and prisms
Reflectors
Radio wave (long, medium, short, micro waves)
Infra red rays
Visible rays
Ultra violet rays
X-rays
Nuclear waves (alpha beta and gamma)
SAFETY IN BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTS
Electrical outlets, hot, neutral and ground connections
House wiring
Pervasiveness of electricity and of electric shocks
Causes of electric shocks and precaution
Effect of electric current on human body
Techniques to reduce the effect of electric shock
Earth shocks and precaution against earth shocks
RADIATION PROTECTION
Ionizing and non ionizing radiations
Quantities and associated units of radiations
Effect of ionizing and non ionizing radiation’s
Internal and external hazards
Main principle to control external hazard
Distance and shielding
PRACTICAL
To verify the ohm’s Law
To find the specific resistance by using the potential divider
To verify the joules law of electrical methods
To calibrate a thermo couple and an unknown temperature
To find the acceleration due to gravity by simple pendulum
To verify the law of reflection of light
To verify the law of refraction of light
To verify the refraction index of glass using rectangular slab.
GENERAL PATHOLOGY
CELL INJURY AND DEATH:
Causes of cell injury
Necrosis
Apoptosis
Subcellular responses
CELL ADAPTATIONS:
Hyperplasia
Hypertrophy
Atrophy
Metaplasia
Intracellular accumulation
INFLAMMATION:
Acute inflammation
Vascular events
Cellular events
Chemical mediators
CHRONIC INFLAMMATION
General
Granulomatous
Morphologic patterns of acute and chronic inflammation
HAEMODYNAMIC DISORDERS
Edema
Hyperemia / congestion
Hemorrhage
Thrombosis
Embolism
Infarction
Shock
DISEASES OF IMMUNITY
General features
Hypersensitivity reactions
Immune deficiencies
Autoimmunity
Amyloidosis
NEOPLASIA:
Nomenclature
Molecular basis
Carcinogenic agents
Clinical aspects
MICROBIOLOGY
THE BACTERIA
Bacterial cell structure
Bacterial forms and function
Bacterial identification and classification
The gram stain
Culturing, inoculation and identification
MICROBIAL GROWTH
Stages in the normal growth curve
Microbial genetics
Prokaryotic transcriptions and translations
Conjugations
Mutation and its causes
Mechanism of drug resistances
Pathogenesis
Gateway to infection
Resident flora
Mechanism of invasions
Classic stages of clinical infection
Sterilization and disinfection
Curse Description
This course tends to explore fundamental skills in application of electromodalities and
knowledge of indications, contraindications and physiological principles needed for appropriate
patient care. It includes topics such as electric stimulation, T.E.N.S. Iontophoresis, ultrasound
/Phonophoresis, diathermy and electro diagnostic testing etc.
FARADIC CURRENT
Detailed description of faradic current
Treatment techniques
Methods of application
SINUSOIDAL CURRENT
Detailed description of sinusoidal current
Treatment
Methods of application
GALVANIC CURRENT
Constant galvanic current
Detailed description of galvanic current treatment
Methods of application
Dangers, precautions, contraindications
Ionization
MEDICAL IONIZATION
Theory& proof of ionization
Effects of various ions, i.e iodine, salycylate, albucid, copper, zinc, histamine, carbacol,
renotinenovocaine, lithium
Techniques of medical ionization with vasodilator drugs
techniques for special areas
Note:
The students are expected to make a record of his/her achievements in the log book. The log
book is a collection of evidence that learning has taken place. It is a reflective record of
achievements. The log book shall also contain a record of the procedures which student would
have performed/observed.
GENERAL CONCEPTS
AQUATIC EXERCISE
Practical training:
Note:
The students are expected to make a record of his/her achievements in the log book. The log
book is a collection of evidence that learning has taken place. It is a reflective record of
achievements. The log book shall also contain a record of the procedures which student would
have performed/observed.
Therapeutics Exercises and Technique, By: Carolyn Kisner & Lynn Allen Colby 4 th 5th
edition.
Therapeutics Exercises: Techniques for Intervention By: Willim D.Banddy
Clinical decision making in therapeutic exercise By: Patricia e. Sullivan & prudence d.
Markos, Appleton & Lange Norwalk, Connecticut
INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY
CREDIT HOURS 2(2-0)
Course Description
This course covers the basic knowledge and concepts of sociology to with the aim to help them
understand the impact of group, culture and environment on the behavior and health of the
patients. Make them realize the importance of the relationship of the physical therapist and the
patient and the environment around them
INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY
Definition
Subject matter
Sociology
The science of society
SOCIAL GROUPS
Primary-Secondary
In and Out Group
Reference group
CULTURE
Meanings
Materials
Non-material aspects of culture
Values
Beliefs
Sanctions
Cultural relativism and Ethnocentrism
Norms
Folk ways
Mores and Laws
Role and Status
Conflict
Deviancy
Social control
SOCIAL INSTITUTION
Meanings
Social stratification
Meanings and Forms (Classes and Castes)
HEALTHY PEOPLE:
Definition of healthy people
Health education Resources
Physical Therapist role for a healthy community.
FITNESS TRAINING:
Physical Activities Readiness Questionnaire
Physical Activities Pyramid
Exercise Programs
Evidence-Based Practice
HEALTH PROTECTION:
Infection Control
Injury Prevention during Childhood
Injury prevention during Adolescence
Injury Prevention during Adulthood
Injury Prevention during Older Adulthood
HISTORY TAKING
SEMESTE SUPERVISION FOCUS WARDS COMPETENCIE
R S
5 Supervised by trained PT History Taking All wards As listed below
Course Description:
During this supervised clinical practice, students are responsible for learning the art of history
taking, the first interaction with patient. Students learn the skills under supervision of trained
physical therapists. Students become familiar with performance of these skills in all settings
(inpatient and outpatient) as well as on all types of patients (surgical, non-surgical, pediatric,
geriatric, etc.)
The emphasis is placed on general history taking skills as well as its pertinence to all systems
(musculoskeletal, Integumentary, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and neurological.) Student is
required to keep a performance record of all listed competencies and successfully perform on
real patients during the final evaluation of the course.
CLINICAL COMPETENCIES:
Review pertinent medical records and conduct an interview which collects the following data:
Past and current patient/client history
Demographics
General health status
Chief complaint
Medications
Medical/surgical history
Social history
Present and pre-morbid functional status/activity
Social/health habits
Living environment
Employment
Growth and development
Lab values
Imaging
Consultations
Documentation of the history
SIXTH SEMESTER
PATHOLOGY & MICROBIOLOGY II
PHARMACOLOGY IN REHABILITATION II
PHYSICAL AGENTS & ELECTROTHERAPY -II
MANUAL THERAPY
TEACHING METHODOLOGY & COMMUNITY
MEDICINE
SUPERVISED CLINICAL PRACTICE II
PATHIOLOGY & MICROBIOLOGY II
CREDIT 3(2-1)
Course Description:
Students will develop an understanding of pathology underlying clinical disease states and
involving the major organ systems. Epidemiological issues will be presented and discussed.
Students will learn to recognize pathology signs and symptoms that are considered “red flags”
for serious disease. Students will use problem-solving skills and information about pathology to
decide when referral to another health care provider or alternative intervention is indicated.
Students will be expected to develop the ability to disseminate pertinent information and
findings, and ascertain the appropriate steps to follow.
METABOLIC DISORDERS
Osteoporosis
Osteomalacia
Paget's Disease
MUSCULOSKELETAL NEOPLASMS
Primary Tumors
Primary Benign Bone tumors
Primary Malignant Bone tumors
Multiple Myeloma
Primary Soft Tissue Tumors
Metastatic Tumors
STROKE
Stroke
Vascular Disorders of the Spinal Cord
MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
G +VE COCCI
Staphylococci
Streptococci
G -VE COCCI
Nessessia
BASIC VIROLOGY
General characteristics
Viral structure
Nomenclature and classification
MYCOLOGY
Introduction to mycology
PARASITOLOGY
Introduction to protozoan
ENDOCRINE PHARMACOLOGY;
Introduction to Endocrine Pharmacology
Adrenocorticosteroids
Male and Female hormones
Thyroid and Parathyroid Drugs; Agents affecting bone mineralization
Pancreatic Hormones and the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
INFRA-RED RAYS
Definition
Production, luminous & non-luminous generators
Physiological effects
Therapeutic effects
Uses
Techniques of application
Dangers and contraindications
HELIOTHERAPY
Introduction
Effects
Uses
dangers and contraindications
ULTRASONIC THERAPY
Introduction
Production
Physiological & therapeutic effects
Uses, dangers, precautions & contraindications
Techniques and application of treatment
CRYOTHERAPY
Definition
Methods
Physiological & therapeutic effects
Dangers, indications and precautions
HYDROTHERAPY
Physiological principles of hydrotherapy
Application of heat & cold
Outline of methods of applying moist heat
Medium used, contrast bath, paraffin baths, whirlpool baths, techniques, effects, uses,
dangers, contraindications of each
The use of water as medium of each, the use of water as a medium of movement pool therapy
Immersion baths, full, plain and medicated, partial baths, packs, general local methods of
application
Hot air, vapors, the car of patients in hydrological department
Detailed description of indication of hydrotherapy
TRACTION
Effects of spinal traction
Clinical indications for the use of spinal traction
Contraindications and precautions for spinal traction
Adverse effects of spinal traction
Application technique
COMPRESSION
Effects of External Compressions
Clinical indications for the Use of External Compression
Contraindications and Precautions of External Compression
Contraindications for the Use of Intermittent or Sequential Compression Pumps
Precautions for the Use of Intermittent or Sequential Compression Pumps
Adverse Effects of External Compression
Application Techniques
LASER THERAPY:
Definition
Properties of laser
Production of Lasers
Types of Lasers
Techniques of application
Dosage parameters
Interaction of laser with body tissues
Physiological and therapeutic effects of lasers
Dangers and contraindications
Methods of Treatment
PRINCIPLES
SPINAL MOVEMENT
The mobile segment
Spinal range of movement
Joint positioning for evaluation and treatment
Three-dimensional joint positioning
Resting position
Actual resting position
Nonresting positions
Joint locking
Bone and joint movement
Rotations of a vertebral bone
Standard bone movements
Combined bone movements
Coupled movements
Noncoupled movements
Joint roll-gliding associated with bone rotations
Joint roll-gliding
Abnormal roll-gliding
Translation of vertebral bone
Joint play associated with bone translation
TESTS OF FUNCTION
Principles of function testing
Assessing quantity of movement
Measuring rotatoric movement with a device
Manual grading of rotatoric movement ( - scale)
Assessing quality of movement
Quality of movement to the first stop
End-feel: Quality of movement after the first stop
Elements of function testing
Active and passive rotatoric movements
Testing rotatoric movement
Localization tests
Differentiating articular from extra-articular dysfunction
Differentiating muscle shortening from muscle spasm
Translatoric joint play tests
Resisted movements
Passive soft tissue movements
Additional tests
OMT EVALUATION
Goals of the OMT evaluation
Physical diagnosis
Indications and contraindications
Measuring progress
Elements of the OMT evaluation
Screening exam
Detailed exam
History
inspection
Tests of function
Palpation
Neurologic and vascular tests
Medical diagnostic studies
Diagnosis and trial treatment
OMT TREATMENT
Elements of OMT
Treatment to relieve symptoms
Immobilization
Thermo-Hydro-Electric (T-H-E) therapy
Pain-relief mobilization
Special procedures for pain relief
Treatment to increase mobility
Soft tissue mobilization
Passive soft tissue mobilization
Active-facilitated soft tissue mobilization
Muscle stretching principles
Joint mobilization to increase mobility
Neural tissue mobilization
Specialized exercise to increase mobility
Treatment to limit movement
To inform, instruct and train
Research
SPINAL SYNDROMES
Notes on spinal syndromes
Cervical syndromes
Thoracic syndromes
Lumbar syndromes
Neurologic evaluation of nerve root syndromes
Sensory innervation of the skin
Sensory innervation of deep structures
Motor innervation
Common nerve root syndromes
TECHNIQUES
TECHNIQUE PRINCIPLES
Learning manual techniques
Applying manual techniques
Objective
Starting position
Patient's position
Therapist's position
Hand placement and fixation/stabilization
Grip
Therapist 's stable hand
Therapist's moving hand
Procedure
Joint pre-positioning
Mobilization technique
Symbols
Recording
Identifying an intervertebral segment
The Star Diagram
PELVIS
Functional anatomy and movement
Notes on evaluation and treatment
Pelvis tests and mobilizations
LUMBAR SPINE
Functional anatomy and movement
Notes on evaluation and treatment
Lumbar tests and mobilizations
CERVICAL SPINE
Functional anatomy and movement
Notes on evaluation and treatment
Cervical tests and mobilizations
JAW
Functional anatomy and movement
Jaw examination scheme
Jaw tests and mobilizations
SPINAL MOBILIZATIONS
THE CERVICAL AND UPPER THORACIC SPINES
NAGS
REVERSE NAGS
SNAGS
SELF SNAGS
Spinal Mobilization with arm Movement
Other mobilization with movement techniques (MWMS) for the Cervical and Upper
Thoracic Spines
TEACHING METHODOLOGY
GENETICS
Prevention of genetic diseases
Genetic counseling
GENERAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
DESCRIPTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGY
Time
Place
Person
ANALYTICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
Case control
Cohort studies
EXPERIMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL
SYSTEMIC EPIDEMIOLOGY
Vector borne diseases
Water borne diseases
Air born diseases
Contact diseases
Diseases of major public health and its importance alongwith national health programmes
wherever Applicable
NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES:
Diabetes
Hypertension
Heart diseases
Blindness
Accidents
Geriatric problems
SYSTEM REVIEW
SEMESTER SUPERVISION FOCUS WARDS COMPETENCIES
6 SUPERVISED BY SYSTEMS All wards AS LISTED
TRAINED PT REVIEW BELOW
Course Description:
During this supervised clinical practice, students are responsible for learning the skills of systems
review and validate the need for physical therapy services. Students learn to objectively review
each system under the supervision of trained physical therapists. Students become familiar with
performance of these skills in all settings (inpatient and outpatient) as well as on all types of
patients (surgical, non-surgical, pediatric, geriatric, etc.) Student is required to keep a
performance record of all listed competencies and successfully perform on real patients during
the final evaluation of the course.
CLINICAL COMPETENCIES:
Perform review of systems to determine the need for referral or for physical therapy
services.
Systems review screening includes the following:
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
Conduct a systems review for screening of the integumentary system, the assessment of
pliability (texture), presence of scar formation, skin color, and skin integrity.
MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
Conduct a systems review for screening of musculoskeletal system, the assessment of gross
symmetry, gross range of motion, gross strength, height and weight.
NEUROLOGICAL SYSTEM
Conduct a systems review for screening of the neuromuscular system, a general assessment
of gross coordinated movement (eg, balance, gait, locomotion, transfers, and transitions) and
motor function (motor control and motor learning).
Documentation of all listed competencies in SOAP notes format
SEVENTH SEMESTER
CLINICAL MEDICINE I
ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY
RADIOLOGY & DIAGNOSTIC IMAGINING -
MUSCULOSKELETAL PHYSICAL THERAPY
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, GROWTH &
COMMUNITY BASED REHABILITATION
SUPERVISED CLINICAL PRACTICE III
CLINICAL MEDICINE I
CREDIT HOURS 3(3-0)
Course Description:
This course intends to familiarize students with medical terminology and abbreviations for
efficient and effective chart reviewing and documentation. It also explores select systemic
diseases, focusing on epidemiology, pathology, histology, etiology, as well as primary and
secondary clinical characteristics and their management. Discusses and integrates subsequent
medical and surgical management to formulate appropriate intervention indications, precautions
and contraindications.
DETAILED COURSE OUTLINE
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
CARDIAC DISEASES:
Chest pain
Dyspnoea
Palpitation
Peripheral edema
Syncope
Cardiac failure
Acute pulmonary edema
Cardiogenic shock
Systemic hypertension
Ischemic heart disease
Angina pectoris
Unstable angina
Myocardial infarction
Rheumatic fever
Valvular heart diseases
Congenital heart diseases
Ventricular septic defect
Atrial septal defect
pulmonary heart disease
Pericardial disease
Pulmonary hypertension
Cardiac arrhythmias and heart in pregnancy
VASCULAR DISEASES:
Arteriosclerosis
Acute & Chronic ischemia of leg
Aortic aneurysm
Buerger’s disease
Raynaud’s disease
Varicose veins
Venous thrombosis
BACK PAIN
Back Pain due to serious disease
Inflammatory Back Pain
Disc disease
Mechanical problems
Soft tissues problems
Psychogenic Back Pain
Nonspecific Back Pain
Neck pain
RESPIRATORY DISEASES
DISEASES OF UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT
Common cold
Sinusitis
Rhinitis
Pharangitis
Acute laryngeo-trcheobronchitis
Influenza
Inhalation of the foreign bodies
ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY
FRACTURES
Definition
Classification
Causes
Clinical features
Healing of fractures
Complications
Principles of general management of
Fracture of the Upper Extremity
Fracture of the Lower Extremity
Fracture of the vertebral column, thorax and pelvis
Basic and advanced trauma life support
TUMORS:
Classification
Principles of general management
General description of benign and malignant tumors of musculoskeletal system
FLUOROSCOPY:
What is Fluoroscopy?
Equipment used for fluoroscopy
Indications and Contra indications
How it helps in diagnosis
The Findings in Fluoroscopy
Benefits versus Risks and Costs
ULTRASOUND:
What is Ultrasound?
Equipment used for Ultrasound
Indications and Contra indications
How it helps in diagnosis
The Findings in Ultrasound
Benefits versus Risks and Costs
ENDOSCOPY:
What is Endoscopy?
Equipment used for Endoscopy
Indications and Contra indications
How it helps in diagnosis
The Findings in Endoscopy
Benefits versus Risks and Costs
NUCLEAR MEDICINE:
What is Nuclear Medicine?
Equipment used for Nuclear Medicine
Indications and Contra indications
How it helps in diagnosis.
Benefits versus Risks and Costs
INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY
Impaired posture
Etiology of pain
Common faulty postures: characteristics and Impairments
THE HIP
Examination, evaluation and assessment of hip joint
The hip and gait
Referred pain and nerve injury
Management of hip disorders and surgeries
Joint Hypomobility: nonoperative management
Joint surgery and postoperative management
Fractures of the hip–surgical and postoperative management
Painful hip syndromes/overuse syndromes: nonoperative management
Exercise interventions for the hip region
Exercise techniques to increase flexibility and range of motion
Exercises to develop and improve muscle performance and functional control
THE KNEE
Examination, evaluation and assessment of knee joint
Referred pain and nerve injuries
Management of knee disorders and surgeries
Joint Hypomobility: nonoperative management
Joint surgery and postoperative management
Patellofemoral dysfunction: nonoperative management
Patellofemoral and extensor mechanism dysfunction: Surgical and postoperative
management
Ligament injuries: nonoperative management
Ligament injuries: surgical and postoperative Management
Meniscal tears: nonoperative management
Meniscal tears: surgical and postoperative management
Exercise interventions for the knee
Exercise techniques to increase flexibility and range of motion
Exercises to develop and improve muscle performance and functional control
Practical Training:
The practical training will be sought in physiotherapy treatment based settings. Keeping in
view therapeutic principles, management of various pre and post operative conditions will be
practiced under supervision and later independently by the students, the practical work might
include:
Therapeutic Management of conditions of spine
Therapeutic Management of conditions of extremities
Therapeutic Management of vascular disorders
Therapeutic Management of pulmonary conditions
Therapeutic Management of gynaecological conditions
Reflective clinical case studies
Supervised and independent Practical application of therapeutic techniques on patients in
outdoor and indoor physiotherapy treatment settings.
Note:
The students are expected to make a record of his/her achievements in the log book. The log
book is a collection of evidence that learning has taken place. It is a reflective record of
achievements. The log book shall also contain a record of the procedures which student would
have performed/observed.
EARLY CHILDHOOD
Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
Psychosocial Development in Early Childhood
Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood
Psychosocial Development in Middle Childhood
ADOLESCENCE
Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence
Psychosocial Development in Adolescence
Physical and Cognitive Development in Young Adulthood
Psychosocial Development in Young Adulthood
MIDDLE ADULTHOOD
Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood
Psychosocial Development in Middle Adulthood
Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood
Psychosocial Development in Late Adulthood
Dealing with Death and Bereavement
MUSCULOSKELETAL
Course Description:
During this supervised clinical practice, students are responsible for successful execution of
examination, evaluation, and interventions relating to musculoskeletal disorders. Students
become familiar with performance of these skills in all settings (inpatient and outpatient) as well
as on all types of conditions (surgical, non-surgical, pediatric and geriatric)
Students learn to objectively perform these skills under the supervision of trained physical
therapists. Student is required to keep a performance record of all listed competencies and
successfully perform on real patients during the final evaluation of the course.
COMPETENCIES:
EXAMINATION:
Based on best available evidence select examination tests and measures that are appropriate
for the patient/client.
Perform posture tests and measures of postural alignment and positioning.*
Perform gait, locomotion and balance tests including quantitative and qualitative measures
such as:
Balance during functional activities with or without the use of assistive, adaptive,
orthotic, protective, supportive, or prosthetic devices or equipment
Balance (dynamic and static) with or without the use of assistive, adaptive, orthotic,
protective, supportive, or prosthetic devices or equipment
Gait and locomotion during functional activities with or without the use of assistive,
adaptive, orthotic, protective, supportive, or prosthetic devices or equipment to
include:
Bed mobility
Transfers (level surfaces and floor)*
Wheelchair management
Uneven surfaces
Safety during gait, locomotion, and balance
Perform gait assessment including step length, speed, characteristics of gait, and
abnormal gait patterns.
Characterize or quantify body mechanics during self-care, home management, work,
community, tasks, or leisure activities.
Characterize or quantify ergonomic performance during work (job/school/play)*:
Dexterity and coordination during work
Safety in work environment
Specific work conditions or activities
Tools, devices, equipment, and workstations related to work actions, tasks, or
activities
Characterize or quantify environmental home and work (job/school/play) barriers:
Current and potential barriers
Physical space and environment
Community access
Observe self-care and home management (including ADL and IADL)*
Measure and characterize pain* to include:
Pain, soreness, and nocioception
Specific body parts
Recognize and characterize signs and symptoms of inflammation.
DIAGNOSIS:
Integrate the examination findings to classify the patient/client problem in terms of body
functions and structures, and activities and participation (ie, practice patterns in the
Guide)
Identify and prioritize impairments in body functions and structures, and activity
limitations and participation restrictions to determine specific body function and
structure, and activities and participation towards which the intervention will be directed.
PROGNOSIS:
Determine the predicted level of optimal functioning and the amount of time required to
achieve that level.
Recognize barriers that may impact the achievement of optimal functioning within a
predicted time frame including:
Age
Medication(s)
Socioeconomic status
Co-morbidities
Cognitive status
Nutrition
Social Support
Environment
PLAN OF CARE:
Goal setting
Coordination of Care
Progression of care
Discharge
Design a Plan of Care
Write measurable functional goals (short-term and long-term) that are time referenced
with expected outcomes.
Consult patient/client and/or caregivers to develop a mutually agreed to plan of care.
Identify patient/client goals and expectations.
Identify indications for consultation with other professionals.
Make referral to resources needed by the patient/client (assumes knowledge of referral
sources).
Select and prioritize the essential interventions that are safe and meet the specified
functional goals and outcomes in the plan of care
identify precautions and contraindications
provide evidence for patient-centered interventions that are identified and selected
define the specificity of the intervention (time, intensity, duration, and frequency)
Set realistic priorities that consider relative time duration in conjunction with
family, caregivers, and other health care professionals.
Establish criteria for discharge based on patient goals and current functioning and
disability.
Coordination of Care
Identify who needs to collaborate in the plan of care.
Identify additional patient/client needs that are beyond the scope of physical
therapist practice, level of experience and expertise, and warrant referral.
Refer and discuss coordination of care with other health care professionals.
Articulate a specific rational for a referral.
Advocate for patient/client access to services.
Progression of Care
Identify outcome measures of progress relative to when to progress the patient
further.
Measure patient/client response to intervention.
Monitor patient/client response to intervention.
Modify elements of the plan of care and goals in response to changing
patient/client status, as needed.
Make on-going adjustments to interventions according to outcomes including
environmental factors and personal factors and, medical therapeutic interventions.
Make accurate decisions regarding intensity and frequency when adjusting
interventions in the plan of care.
Discharge Plan
Re-examine patient/client if not meeting established criteria for discharge based
on the plan of care.
Differentiate between discharge of the patient/client, discontinuation of service,
and transfer of care with re-evaluation.
Prepare needed resources for patient/client to ensure timely discharge, including
follow-up care.
Include patient/client and family/caregiver as a partner in discharge.
Discontinue care when services are no longer indicated.
When services are still needed, seek resources and/or consult with others to
identify alternative resources that may be available.
Determine the need for equipment and initiate requests to obtain.
INTERVENTIONS:
Safety, Emergency Care, CPR and First Aid
Standard Precautions
Body Mechanics and
Positioning
Categories of Interventions
Safety, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Emergency Care, First Aid
Ensure patient safety and safe application of patient/client care.
Perform first aid.
Perform emergency procedures.
Perform Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR).
Precautions
Demonstrate appropriate sequencing of events related to universal precautions.
Use Universal Precautions.
Determine equipment to be used and assemble all sterile and non-sterile materials.
Use transmission-based precautions.
Demonstrate aseptic techniques.
Apply sterile procedures.
Properly discard soiled items.
CLINICAL MEDICINE II
ADVANCEV TECHNIQUIES IN SURGERY
NEUROLOGICAL PHYSICAL THERAPY
EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE
INTRODUCTION TO PROSTHETICS &
ORTHOTICS
SUPERVISED CLINICAL PRACTICE IV
MEDICINE II
CREDIT HOURS 3(3-0)
Course Description:
This course intends to familiarize students with medical terminology and abbreviations for
efficient and effective chart reviewing and documentation. It also explores select systemic
diseases, focusing on epidemiology, pathology, histology, etiology, as well as primary and
secondary clinical characteristics and their management. Discusses and integrates subsequent
medical and surgical management to formulate appropriate intervention indications, precautions
and contraindications
RENAL DISEASES
Glomerulonephritis
Acute nephritic syndrome
Nephrotic syndrome
Urinary tract infection
Renal hypertension
Renal failure
Benign enlargement of prostate gland
Prostatic carcinoma
MISCELLANEOUS DISEASES:
Brief description of Diabetes Mellitus and its complications
Detailed description of Diabetic Neuropathy and Diabetic foot
Steroid induced Myopathy
GENERAL SURGERY
Introduction
Indications for surgery
Types of incisions
Wounds, types of wounds, factors affecting wounds healing, care of wounds
Bandages and dressing
Trauma and metabolic response to trauma
Detailed description of chest and abdominal trauma
Hemorrhage, hemostasis and blood transfusion
Classification and brief description of shock
Fluid and electrolyte balance
Classification of body fluid changes
Pre, intra and post operative fluid therapy
Surgery and diabetes
Burns and grafts
Neoplasia
Preoperative assessment & preparation
Post operative treatment, complications and their management
Types of anaesthesia
Local anaesthetic agents
Regional anaesthesia (spinal and epidural)
Intravenous anaesthetic agents
Muscle relaxants
Inhalational anaesthetic agents
Anaesthesia and associated diseases.
Complications of anaesthesia.
Perioperative management.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. CPR.
Recovery from anaesthesia.
Pain management and postoperative care.
Ulcers, sinuses and fistulas
Transplantation
Brief description of operation performed on: oesophagus, stomach, intestine gall
bladder, bile duct, spleen, pancreas, liver, abdominal wall, hernias, breast, kidneys,
ureters, prostate, peritoneum, mesentery and retroperitoneal space
THORACIC SURGERY
PULMONARY SURGERY
Introduction
types of incision
types of operation
complications of pulmonary surgery
drains , tubes
pneumonectomy, lobectomy , thoracoplasty
Operations on pleura
Chest injuries
Brief description of indication for pulmonary surgery:
Diseases of chest wall and pleura
Diseases of bronchi
Tumors of lung
Lung abscess
Hydatid disease of lung
Pulmonary embolism
Mediastinal masses
Problems related to diaphragm
CARDIAC SURGERY
Introduction
Cardiorespiratory resuscitation
Special investigation procedures in cardiac surgery
Basic techniques in cardiac surgery
Types of incision
Types of operation
Complications of cardiac surgery
Lines, drains and tubes
Brief description of indications for cardiac surgery
Congenital heart disease
Acquired heart diseases
Diseases of the pericardium
Cardiac transplantation
VASCULAR SURGERY
Introduction
Investigation in vascular disease types of operation
Indication for vascular surgery
Complication of vascular surgery
Brief description of arterial occlusion
Gangrene
Detailed description of amputation
Aneurysm
Burgers disease
Raynaud’s disease and syndrome
Varicose veins
Superficial and deep venous thrombosis
Venous hemorrhage
Lymph edema
Lymph adenitis and lymphomas
NEUROSURGERY
CRANIAL SURGERY
Introduction
Special investigation in brain diseases and traumas
Types of operations, indications and complications of cranial surgery
Head injuries to the brain
Acute intracranial hematomas
Fractures of the skull
Intra cranial abscess
Intracranial tumors
Intra cranial aneurysm and hydrocephalus
Neurological Dysfunctions
CVA (Stroke)
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
Spinal Cord Injury (SCI)
Degenerative Diseases (Progressive CNS disorders)
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
Parkinson’s Disease (PD)
Post Polio Syndrome (PPS)
Cerebellar Disorders
Vestibular Disorders
Cranial Nerves Disorders
Poly Neuropathies
Case Histories
Note:
The students are expected to make a record of his/her achievements in the log book. The log
book is a collection of evidence that learning has taken place. It is a reflective record of
achievements. The log book shall also contain a record of the procedures which student would
have performed/observed. This log book will be an integral part of the Physiotherapy in Practice
I and Physiotherapy in Practice II.
Evidence-Based Physiotherapy
An introduction about evidence-based Physiotherapy:
What do we mean by ‘high quality clinical research’?
What do we mean by ‘patient preferences’?
What do we mean by ‘practice knowledge’?
Additional factors
The process of clinical decision-making
Importance of evidence-based Physiotherapy:
For patients
For physiotherapists and the profession
For funders of physiotherapy services
History of Evidence-Based Health Care
Steps for practicing evidence-based Physiotherapy
What do we need to know?
Relevant clinical questions
Refining your question
Effects of intervention
Experiences
Prognosis
Diagnosis
What constitutes evidence?
Evidence about effects of interventions
Different forms of evidence
Different sources of evidence
Hierarchy of evidence
Research study design
Critical Thinking
The Benefit of Asking the Right Questions
What Are the Issue and the Conclusion?
What Are the Reasons?
What Words or Phrases Are Ambiguous?
What Are the Value Conflicts and Assumptions?
What Are the Descriptive Assumptions?
Are There Any Fallacies in the Reasoning?
How Good Is the Evidence: Intuition, Personal Experience?
Testimonials, and Appeals to Authority?
How Good Is the Evidence: Personal Observation, Research?
Studies, Case Examples, and Analogies
Are There Rival Causes?
Are the Statistics Deceptive?
What Significant Information Is Omitted?
What Reasonable Conclusions Are Possible?
Practice and Review
The Tone of Your Critical Thinking
Strategies for Effective Critical Thinking
PRACTICAL
Identify the different sources of evidence
Critically appraised topics (CAT)
How to evaluate web page
Ways of searching strategies for different databases
Selection of search terminology
Retrieving of articles from data bases
Foot Orthoses
Shoe Style
Parts of Shoes
Special Purpose Shoes
Foot Examination
Orthotics Interventions
Fabrication Options
Pediatric Foot Orthoses
Guideline for Prescription Foot Orthoses
PROSTHETICS
Early Management
Clinic Team Approach to Rehabilitation
Amputation Surgery: Osteomyoplastic Reconstructive Technique
Postoperative Management
Pain Management
Skin Disorders and Their Management
Psychological Consequences of Amputation
Neurological
SEMESTER SUPERVISION FOCUS WARDS COMPETENCIES
8 Supervised by Evaluation, Neurological Listed below
trained PT Examination, and (IPD/OPD;
Intervention surgical & non-
surgical)
Course Description:
During this supervised clinical practice, students are responsible for successful execution of
examination, evaluation, and interventions relating to neurological disorders. Students become
familiar with performance of these skills in all settings (inpatient and outpatient) as well as on all
types of conditions (surgical, non-surgical, pediatric and geriatric.) Students learn to objectively
perform these skills under the supervision of trained physical therapists. Student is required to
keep a performance record of all listed competencies and successfully perform on real patients
during the final evaluation of the course.
Competencies:
Examination:
Based on best available evidence select examination tests and measures that are appropriate
for the patient/client.
Perform posture tests and measures of postural alignment and positioning.*
Perform gait, locomotion and balance tests including quantitative and qualitative measures
such as*:
Balance during functional activities with or without the use of assistive, adaptive,
orthotic, protective, supportive, or prosthetic devices or equipment
Balance (dynamic and static) with or without the use of assistive, adaptive, orthotic,
protective, supportive, or prosthetic devices or equipment
Gait and locomotion during functional activities with or without the use of assistive,
adaptive, orthotic, protective, supportive, or prosthetic devices or equipment to
include:
Bed mobility
Transfers (level surfaces and floor)*
Wheelchair management
Uneven surfaces
Safety during gait, locomotion, and balance
Perform gait assessment including step length, speed, characteristics of gait, and
abnormal gait patterns.
Characterize or quantify body mechanics during self-care, home management, work,
community, tasks, or leisure activities.
Characterize or quantify ergonomic performance during work (job/school/play)*:
Dexterity and coordination during work
Safety in work environment
Specific work conditions or activities
Tools, devices, equipment, and workstations related to work actions, tasks, or
activities
Characterize or quantify environmental home and work (job/school/play) barriers:
Current and potential barriers
Physical space and environment
Community access
Observe self-care and home management (including ADL and IADL)*
Measure and characterize pain* to include:
Pain, soreness, and nocioception
Specific body parts
Recognize and characterize signs and symptoms of inflammation.
Perform neurological tests and measures including:
1. Perform arousal, attention and cognition tests and measures to characterize or quantify
(including standardized tests and measures)*:
A. Arousal
B. Attention
C. Orientation
D. Processing and registration of information
E. Retention and recall
F. Communication/language
2. Perform cranial and peripheral nerve integrity tests and measures*:
A. Motor distribution of the cranial nerves (eg, muscle tests, observations)
B. Motor distribution of the peripheral nerves (eg, dynamometry, muscle tests, observations,
thoracic outlet tests)
C. Response to neural provocation (e.g. tension test, vertebral artery compression tests)
D. Response to stimuli, including auditory, gustatory, olfactory, pharyngeal, vestibular, and
visual (eg, observations, provocation tests)
3. Perform motor function tests and measures to include*:
A. Dexterity, coordination, and agility
B. Initiation, execution, modulation and termination of movement patterns and voluntary
postures
4. Perform neuromotor development and sensory integration tests and measures to characterize
or quantify*:
A. Acquisition and evolution of motor skills, including age-appropriate development
B. Sensorimotor integration, including postural responses, equilibrium, and righting reactions
5. Perform tests and measures for reflex integrity including*:
A. Deep reflexes (eg, myotatic reflex scale, observations, reflex tests)
B. Postural reflexes and reactions, including righting, equilibrium and protective reactions
C. Primitive reflexes and reactions, including developmental
D. Resistance to passive stretch
E. Superficial reflexes and reactions
F. Resistance to velocity dependent movement
6. Perform sensory integrity tests and measures that characterize or quantify including*:
A. Light touch
B. Sharp/dull
C. Temperature
D. Deep pressure
E. Localization
F. Vibration
G. Deep sensation
H. Stereognosis
I. Graphesthesia
Evaluation:
• Clinical reasoning
• Clinical decision making
1. Synthesize available data on a patient/client expressed in terms of the International
Classification of Function, Disability and Health (ICF) model to include body functions and
structures, activities, and participation.
2. Use available evidence in interpreting the examination findings.
3. Verbalize possible alternatives when interpreting the examination findings.
4. Cite the evidence (patient/client history, lab diagnostics, tests and measures and scientific
literature) to support a clinical decision.
Diagnosis:
1. Integrate the examination findings to classify the patient/client problem in terms of body
functions and structures, and activities and participation (ie, practice patterns in the Guide)
2. Identify and prioritize impairments in body functions and structures, and activity limitations
and participation restrictions to determine specific body function and structure, and activities and
participation towards which the intervention will be directed.*
Prognosis:
1. Determine the predicted level of optimal functioning and the amount of time required to
achieve that level.*
2. Recognize barriers that may impact the achievement of optimal functioning within a predicted
time frame including*:
A. Age
B. Medication(s)
C. Socioeconomic status
D. Co-morbidities
E. Cognitive status
F. Nutrition
G. Social Support
H. Environment
Plan of Care:
• Goal setting
• Coordination of Care
• Progression of care
• Discharge
Design a Plan of Care
1. Write measurable functional goals (short-term and long-term) that are time referenced with
expected outcomes.
2. Consult patient/client and/or caregivers to develop a mutually agreed to plan of care.*
3. Identify patient/client goals and expectations.*
4. Identify indications for consultation with other professionals.*
5. Make referral to resources needed by the patient/client (assumes knowledge of referral
sources).*
6. Select and prioritize the essential interventions that are safe and meet the specified functional
goals and outcomes in the plan of care* (ie, (a) identify precautions and contraindications, (b)
provide evidence for patient-centered interventions that are identified and selected, (c) define the
specificity of the intervention (time, intensity, duration, and frequency), and (d) set realistic
priorities that consider relative time duration in conjunction with family, caregivers, and other
health care professionals).
7. Establish criteria for discharge based on patient goals and current functioningand disability.*
Coordination of Care
1. Identify who needs to collaborate in the plan of care.
2. Identify additional patient/client needs that are beyond the scope of physical therapist practice,
level of experience and expertise, and warrant referral.*
3. Refer and discuss coordination of care with other health care professionals.*
4. Articulate a specific rational for a referral.
5. Advocate for patient/client access to services.
Progression of Care
1. Identify outcome measures of progress relative to when to progress the patient further.*
2. Measure patient/client response to intervention.*
3. Monitor patient/client response to intervention.
4. Modify elements of the plan of care and goals in response to changing patient/client status, as
needed.*
5. Make on-going adjustments to interventions according to outcomes including environmental
factors and personal factors and, medical therapeutic interventions.
6. Make accurate decisions regarding intensity and frequency when adjusting interventions in the
plan of care.
Discharge Plan
1. Re-examine patient/client if not meeting established criteria for discharge based on the plan of
care.
2. Differentiate between discharge of the patient/client, discontinuation of service, and transfer of
care with re-evaluation.*
3. Prepare needed resources for patient/client to ensure timely discharge, including follow-up
care.
4. Include patient/client and family/caregiver as a partner in discharge.*
5. Discontinue care when services are no longer indicated.
6. When services are still needed, seek resources and/or consult with others to identify alternative
resources that may be available.
7. Determine the need for equipment and initiate requests to obtain.
Interventions:
Safety, Emergency Care, CPR and First Aid
Standard Precautions
Body Mechanics and
Positioning
Categories of Interventions
Safety, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Emergency Care, First Aid
Ensure patient safety and safe application of patient/client care.*
Perform first aid.*
Perform emergency procedures.*
Perform Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR).*
Precautions
1. Demonstrate appropriate sequencing of events related to universal precautions.*
2. Use Universal Precautions.
3. Determine equipment to be used and assemble all sterile and non-sterile materials.*
4. Use transmission-based precautions.
5. Demonstrate aseptic techniques.*
6. Apply sterile procedures.*
7. Properly discard soiled items.*
Body Mechanics and Positioning
1. Apply proper body mechanics (utilize, teach, reinforce, and observe).*
2. Properly position, drape, and stabilize a patient/client when providing physical therapy.*
Interventions
1. Coordination, communication, and documentation may include:
A. Addressing required functions:
(1) Establish and maintain an ongoing collaborative process of
decision-making with patients/clients, families, or caregivers prior
to initiating care and throughout the provision of services.*
(2) Discern the need to perform mandatory communication and
reporting (eg, incident reports, patient advocacy and abuse
reporting).
(3) Follow advance directives.
B. Admission and discharge planning.
C. Case management.
D. Collaboration and coordination with agencies, including:
(1) Home care agencies
(2) Equipment suppliers
(3) Schools
(4) Transportation agencies
(5) Payer groups
E. Communication across settings, including:
(1) Case conferences
(2) Documentation
(3) Education plans
F. Cost-effective resource utilization.
G. Data collection, analysis, and reporting of:
(1) Outcome data
(2) Peer review findings
(3) Record reviews
H. Documentation across settings, following APTA’s Guidelines for Physical Therapy
Documentation, including:
(1) Elements of examination, evaluation, diagnosis, prognosis, and
Intervention
(2) Changes in body structure and function, activities and
participation.
(3) Changes in interventions
(4) Outcomes of intervention
I. Interdisciplinary teamwork:
(1) Patient/client family meetings
(2) Patient care rounds
(3) Case conferences
J. Referrals to other professionals or resources.*
K. Patient/client-related instruction may include:
A. Instruction, education, and training of patients/clients and caregivers regarding:
(1) Current condition, health condition, impairments in body structure
and function, and activity limitations, and participation restrictions)*
(2) Enhancement of performance
(3) Plan of care:
a. Risk factors for health condition, impairments in body structure and function, and activity
limitations, and participation restrictions.
b. Preferred interventions, alternative interventions, and alternative modes of delivery
c. Expected outcomes
(4) Health, wellness, and fitness programs (management of risk factors)
(5) Transitions across settings
Course Description:
This course includes a study of anatomy and physiology of the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and
lymphatic systems and pathological changes of the systems and function, including diagnostic
tests and measurements. This course discuss relevant testes and measures for determining
impairment and differentiating the diagnosis based on the specificity and sensitivity of the
assessment instruments as related to patients with cardiovascular, pulmonary, and lymphatic
systems disorders. The use of evidence-based physical therapy intervention for cardiovascular,
pulmonary, and lymphatic systems disorders is emphasized Topics will focus on medical
terminology, clinical examination, evaluation, comparing contemporary, traditional interventions
and the impact of evolving technology in this area.
INTRODUCTION
Anatomy and Physiology
Anatomy of the Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems
Physiology of the Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems
Patho-physiology
Ischemic Cardiac Condition
Cardiac Muscle Dysfunction
Restrictive Lung Dysfunction
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases
Cardiopulmonary Implications of Specific Diseases
Diagnostic Tests and Procedures
Cardiovascular Diagnostic Tests and procedures
Electro cardio-graphy
Pulmonary Diagnostic Tests and Procedures
Surgical Interventions, Monitoring and Support
Cardiovascular and Thoracic interventions
Thoracic Organ Transplantation; Heart, Lung, and heart-Lung
Monitoring and Life-Support Equipment
Pharmacology
Cardiovascular Medications
Pulmonary Medications
Cardiopulmonary Assessment and Intervention
Assessment Procedures
Treatment of Acute Cardiopulmonary Conditions
Therapeutic Interventions in Cardiac Rehabilitation and Prevention
Pulmonary Rehabilitation
Outcome Measures
The needs of specific patients
Intensive care for the critically ill adult
Assessment of the critically ill patient in the intensive care unit (ICU)
Mechanical ventilation - implications for physiotherapy
Musculoskeletal problems
Patient groups with specific needs
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and sepsis
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
Inhalation burns
Trauma
Neurological conditions requiring intensive care
Physiotherapy techniques
Emergency situations
Pulmonary rehabilitation
Definition and aims of pulmonary rehabilitation
Benefits of pulmonary rehabilitation
Setting up pulmonary rehabilitation
Resources
Selection of patients
Patient assessment for pulmonary rehabilitation
Structure of pulmonary rehabilitation
Pulmonary rehabilitation team
Exercise component
Outcome measures
Cardiac rehabilitation
Introduction
Goals of cardiac rehabilitation
Cardiac rehabilitation team
Role of the physiotherapist
Rationale for cardiac rehabilitation
Early ambulation
Exercise training
Secondary prevention
Education
Manifestations of ischaemic heart disease
Cardiac arrest
Angina pectoris
Myocardial infarction
Cardiac surgery
Drugs to control the cardiovascular system
Physiotherapy
Assessment
Recording
Treatment
Outcome evaluation
Complications of exercise
Other considerations
The older patient
Cardiac failure
Valvular heart disease
Congenital heart disease
Compliance
Cost-effectiveness
Legal aspects
Cardiopulmonary transplantation
Introduction
Assessment
The transplantation process
Donors
Operative procedures
Postoperative care
Rejection of the transplanted organs
Immunosuppression
Infections
Special considerations for the physiotherapist
Denervation of the heart/lungs
Immunosuppression
Infection/rejection
Physiotherapy management
Hyperventilation
Introduction
Signs and symptoms
Causes of hyperventilation
Personality
Diagnostic tests
Breathing patterns
Treatment
The assessment
Treatment plan
Breathing education
Breathing pattern re-education
Compensatory procedures in the short term
Planned rebreathing
Speech
Home programme
Exercise and fitness programmes
Group therapy
Bronchiectasis, primary ciliary dyskinesia and cystic fibrosis
Bronchiectasis
Medical management
Physiotherapy
Evaluation of physiotherapy
Primary ciliary dyskinesia
Medical management
Physiotherapy
Evaluation of physiotherapy
Cystic fibrosis
Medical management
Physiotherapy
Evaluation of physiotherapy
Continuity of care
HEAD INJURIES
Pathomechanics of brain injuries
Types of pathology
Classification of cerebral concussion
Cerebral contusion
Cerebral hematoma
Second impact syndrome
Initial on site assessment
Sideline assessment
Special tests for assessment of coordination
Special tests for assessment of cognition
Other tests
Medications
Wake ups and rest
ENVIRONMENT-RELATED CONDITIONS
Heat related emergencies and their prevention
Cold related injuries
Lightning
Altitude related emergencies
ORTHOPEDIC INJURIES
Basic emergency medical care
Fundamentals of skeletal fractures
Splinting techniques
Fractures and dislocations of upper extremity
Fractures and dislocations of lower extremity
Fractures and dislocations of spine
ABDOMINAL INJURIES
Initial evaluation
Specific injuries: abdominal wall contusions, splenic injuries, liver injuries, renal injuries,
intestinal injuries, pancreatic injuries
Non-traumatic abdominal injuries: Appendicitis, ectopic pregnancy
THORACIC INJURIES
Assessment
Management of different Types of injuries: fractures, Pneumothorax, hemothorax, pulmonary
embolism
PRIMARY CARE
Foundation
Primary care: physical therapy modles1
Evidence - Based examination of diagnostic information
Cultural competence: An essential of primary health care
Pharmacologic considerations for the physical therapist
The patient interview: the science behind the art
EXAMINATION/EVALUATION
Prologue
Symptoms investigation, Part I: Chief complaint by body region
Symptoms investigation, Part II: Chief complaint by symptom
Patient health history including identifying health risk factor
Review of systems
Patient interview: the physical examination begins
Review of cardiovascular and pulmonary systems and vital signs
Upper quadrant screening examination
Lower quadrant screening examination\
Diagnostic imaging
Laboratory tests and values
SPECIAL POPULATIONS
The Pediatric and adolescent population
The obstetric client
The geriatric population
Health and wellness perspective in primary care
Recommended Books:
Emergency Care in Athletic Training by: Keith M.Gorse, Robert O. Blanc, Francis Feld,
Matthew Radelet, 1st edition, 2010, FA Davis Company
Acute care hand book for Physical Therapists by: Jaime C paz, Michelle P West, 2nd
edition, 2002,Butterworth Heinemann
CLINICAL DECISION MAKING &
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
CREDIT HOURS 3(3-0)
Course Description:
The course will cover the principles and methods of clinical screening in physical therapy
practice. A basic format for musculoskeletal, neuromuscular, Integumentary, and
cardiopulmonary screening in physical therapy will be presented, with a focus on differential
diagnosis within the scope of physical therapy practice, and incorporation of the role of the
physical therapist as it interfaces with the role of the physician. A clarification of red-flags that
differentiate a systemic condition from a neuromusculoskeletal condition will be a continuing
theme throughout the course. Decision-making skills related to physical therapy will be
emphasized through the use of patient case scenarios with a focus on when to treat, and when to
refer. Strategies to effectively and appropriately communicate with health care colleagues and
patients regarding medical diagnostic information and medical status will be introduced.
Research Fundamentals:
Rehabilitation Research
Theory in Rehabilitation Research
Research Ethics
Research Design:
Research Problems, Questions, and Hypotheses
Research Paradigms
Design Overview
Research Validity
Experimental Designs:
Group Designs
Single-System Design
Non experimental Research:
Overview of Non experimental Research
Clinical Case Reports
Qualitative Research
Epidemiology
Outcomes Research
Survey Research
Measurement:
Measurement Theory
Methodological Research
Data Analysis:
Statistical Reasoning
Statistical Analysis of Diffrences; The basics
Statistical Analysis of Diffrences; Advanced and special Techniques
Statistical Analysis of Relationships; The basics
Statistical Analysis of Relationships; Advanced and special Techniques
Being a Consumer
Locating the Literature
Evaluating Evidence One Article at a time
Synthesizing Bodies of Evidence
Implementing Research:
Implementing a Research Project
Publishing and Presenting Research
PRACTICAL
Literature review
Preparation, presentation and defence of research proposal
Poster presentation
RECOMMENDED TEXTBOOK:
Essentials of clinical research By Stephan P. Glasser
Rehabilitation Research (Principles and Applications) 3rd Edition By Elizabeth Domholdt
PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE IN PHYSICAL
THERAPY
CREDIT HOURS 2(2-0)
Course description:
The course will discuss the role, responsibility, ethics administration issues and accountability of
the physical therapists. The course will also cover the change in the profession to the doctoral
level and responsibilities of the professional to the profession, the public and to the health care
team. The topic of health care system in Pakistan with comparison with current health system
abroad will be discussed too.
Recommended Books:
Professionalism in Physical Therapy: History, Practice, & Development, Lisa L. Dutton,
PT, PhD
APTA. Guide to Physical Therapy Practice: Revised second edition. Alexandria, VA:
American Physical Therapy Association; 2003. ISBN: 978-1-887759-85-
INTEGUMENTARY PHYSICAL THERAPY
CREDITHOURS 2(2-0)
Course Description:
This course includes a study of anatomy and physiology of the Integumentary system and
pathological changes of the system and function, including diagnostic tests and measurements.
The use of evidence-based physical therapy intervention for Integumentary conditions is
emphasized. Topics will focus on comparing contemporary and traditional interventions and the
impact of evolving technology in this area.Topics will focus on medical terminology, clinical
examination, evaluation, comparing contemporary, traditional interventions and the impact of
evolving technology in this area.
Course Description:
During this supervised clinical practice, students are responsible for successful execution of
examination, evaluation, and interventions relating to cardiovascular and pulmonary disorders.
Students become familiar with performance of these skills in all settings (inpatient and
outpatient) as well as on all types of conditions (surgical, non-surgical, pediatric and geriatric,.)
Students learn to objectively perform these skills under the supervision of trained physical
therapists. Student is required to keep a performance record of all listed competencies and
successfully perform on real patients during the final evaluation of the course.
Competencies:
Examination:
Based on best available evidence select examination tests and measures that are appropriate
for the patient/client.
Perform posture tests and measures of postural alignment and positioning.*
Perform gait, locomotion and balance tests including quantitative and qualitative measures
such as*:
Balance during functional activities with or without the use of assistive, adaptive,
orthotic, protective, supportive, or prosthetic devices or equipment
Balance (dynamic and static) with or without the use of assistive, adaptive, orthotic,
protective, supportive, or prosthetic devices or equipment
Gait and locomotion during functional activities with or without the use of assistive,
adaptive, orthotic, protective, supportive, or prosthetic devices or equipment to
include:
Bed mobility
Transfers (level surfaces and floor)*
Wheelchair management
Uneven surfaces
Safety during gait, locomotion, and balance
Perform gait assessment including step length, speed, characteristics of gait, and
abnormal gait patterns.
Characterize or quantify body mechanics during self-care, home management, work,
community, tasks, or leisure activities.
Characterize or quantify ergonomic performance during work (job/school/play)*:
Dexterity and coordination during work
Safety in work environment
Specific work conditions or activities
Tools, devices, equipment, and workstations related to work actions, tasks, or
activities
Characterize or quantify environmental home and work (job/school/play) barriers:
Current and potential barriers
Physical space and environment
Community access
Observe self-care and home management (including ADL and IADL)*
Measure and characterize pain* to include:
Pain, soreness, and nocioception
Specific body parts
Recognize and characterize signs and symptoms of inflammation.
Perform cardiovascular/pulmonary tests and measures including:
A. Heart rate
B. Respiratory rate, pattern and quality*
C. Blood pressure
D. Aerobic capacity test* (functional or standardized) such as the 6-minute walk test
E. Pulse Oximetry
F. Breath sounds – normal/abnormal
G. Response to exercise (RPE)
H. Signs and symptoms of hypoxia
I. Peripheral circulation (deep vein thrombosis, pulse, venous stasis,
lymphedema)*
Evaluation:
• Clinical reasoning
• Clinical decision making
1. Synthesize available data on a patient/client expressed in terms of the International
Classification of Function, Disability and Health (ICF) model to include body functions and
structures, activities, and participation.
2. Use available evidence in interpreting the examination findings.
3. Verbalize possible alternatives when interpreting the examination findings.
4. Cite the evidence (patient/client history, lab diagnostics, tests and measures and scientific
literature) to support a clinical decision.
Diagnosis:
1. Integrate the examination findings to classify the patient/client problem in terms of body
functions and structures, and activities and participation (ie, practice patterns in the Guide)
2. Identify and prioritize impairments in body functions and structures, and activity limitations
and participation restrictions to determine specific body function and structure, and activities and
participation towards which the intervention will be directed.*
Prognosis:
1. Determine the predicted level of optimal functioning and the amount of time required to
achieve that level.*
2. Recognize barriers that may impact the achievement of optimal functioning within a predicted
time frame including*:
A. Age
B. Medication(s)
C. Socioeconomic status
D. Co-morbidities
E. Cognitive status
F. Nutrition
G. Social Support
H. Environment
Plan of Care:
• Goal setting
• Coordination of Care
• Progression of care
• Discharge
Design a Plan of Care
1. Write measurable functional goals (short-term and long-term) that are time referenced with
expected outcomes.
2. Consult patient/client and/or caregivers to develop a mutually agreed to plan of care.*
3. Identify patient/client goals and expectations.*
4. Identify indications for consultation with other professionals.*
5. Make referral to resources needed by the patient/client (assumes knowledge of referral
sources).*
6. Select and prioritize the essential interventions that are safe and meet the specified functional
goals and outcomes in the plan of care* (ie, (a) identify precautions and contraindications, (b)
provide evidence for patient-centered interventions that are identified and selected, (c) define the
specificity of the intervention (time, intensity, duration, and frequency), and (d) set realistic
priorities that consider relative time duration in conjunction with family, caregivers, and other
health care professionals).
7. Establish criteria for discharge based on patient goals and current functioning
and disability.*
Coordination of Care
1. Identify who needs to collaborate in the plan of care.
2. Identify additional patient/client needs that are beyond the scope of physical therapist practice,
level of experience and expertise, and warrant referral.*
3. Refer and discuss coordination of care with other health care professionals.*
4. Articulate a specific rational for a referral.
5. Advocate for patient/client access to services.
Progression of Care
1. Identify outcome measures of progress relative to when to progress the patient further.*
2. Measure patient/client response to intervention.*
3. Monitor patient/client response to intervention.
4. Modify elements of the plan of care and goals in response to changing patient/client status, as
needed.*
5. Make on-going adjustments to interventions according to outcomes including environmental
factors and personal factors and, medical therapeutic interventions.
6. Make accurate decisions regarding intensity and frequency when adjusting interventions in the
plan of care.
Discharge Plan
1. Re-examine patient/client if not meeting established criteria for discharge based on the plan of
care.
2. Differentiate between discharge of the patient/client, discontinuation of service, and transfer of
care with re-evaluation.*
3. Prepare needed resources for patient/client to ensure timely discharge, including follow-up
care.
4. Include patient/client and family/caregiver as a partner in discharge.*
5. Discontinue care when services are no longer indicated.
6. When services are still needed, seek resources and/or consult with others to identify alternative
resources that may be available.
7. Determine the need for equipment and initiate requests to obtain.
Interventions:
Safety, Emergency Care, CPR and First Aid
Standard Precautions
Body Mechanics and
Positioning
Categories of Interventions
Safety, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Emergency Care, First Aid
Ensure patient safety and safe application of patient/client care.*
Perform first aid.*
Perform emergency procedures.*
Perform Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR).*
Precautions
1. Demonstrate appropriate sequencing of events related to universal precautions.*
2. Use Universal Precautions.
3. Determine equipment to be used and assemble all sterile and non-sterile materials.*
4. Use transmission-based precautions.
5. Demonstrate aseptic techniques.*
6. Apply sterile procedures.*
7. Properly discard soiled items.*
Body Mechanics and Positioning
1. Apply proper body mechanics (utilize, teach, reinforce, and observe).*
2. Properly position, drape, and stabilize a patient/client when providing physical therapy.*
Interventions
1. Coordination, communication, and documentation may include:
A. Addressing required functions:
(1) Establish and maintain an ongoing collaborative process of
decision-making with patients/clients, families, or caregivers prior
to initiating care and throughout the provision of services.*
(2) Discern the need to perform mandatory communication and
reporting (eg, incident reports, patient advocacy and abuse
reporting).
(3) Follow advance directives.
B. Admission and discharge planning.
C. Case management.
D. Collaboration and coordination with agencies, including:
(1) Home care agencies
(2) Equipment suppliers
(3) Schools
(4) Transportation agencies
(5) Payer groups
E. Communication across settings, including:
(1) Case conferences
(2) Documentation
(3) Education plans
F. Cost-effective resource utilization.
G. Data collection, analysis, and reporting of:
(1) Outcome data
(2) Peer review findings
(3) Record reviews
H. Documentation across settings, following APTA’s Guidelines for Physical Therapy
Documentation, including:
(1) Elements of examination, evaluation, diagnosis, prognosis, and
Intervention
(2) Changes in body structure and function, activities and
participation.
(3) Changes in interventions
(4) Outcomes of intervention
I. Interdisciplinary teamwork:
(1) Patient/client family meetings
(2) Patient care rounds
(3) Case conferences
J. Referrals to other professionals or resources.*
K. Patient/client-related instruction may include:
A. Instruction, education, and training of patients/clients and caregivers regarding:
(1) Current condition, health condition, impairments in body structure
and function, and activity limitations, and participation restrictions)*
(2) Enhancement of performance
(3) Plan of care:
a. Risk factors for health condition, impairments in body structure and function, and activity
limitations, and participation restrictions.
b. Preferred interventions, alternative interventions, and alternative modes of delivery
c. Expected outcomes
(4) Health, wellness, and fitness programs (management of risk factors)
(5) Transitions across settings
Therapeutic exercise may include performing:
A. Aerobic capacity/endurance conditioning or reconditioning*:
(1) Gait and locomotor training*
(2) Increased workload over time (modify workload progression)
(3) Movement efficiency and energy conservation training
(4) Walking and wheelchair propulsion programs
(5) Cardiovascular conditioning programs
B. Relaxation:
(1) Breathing strategies*
(2) Movement strategies
(3) Relaxation techniques
C. Airway clearance techniques may include*:
A. Breathing strategies*:
(1) Active cycle of breathing or forced expiratory techniques*
(2) Assisted cough/huff techniques*
(3) Paced breathing*
(4) Pursed lip breathing
(5) Techniques to maximize ventilation (eg, maximum inspiratory hold, breath stacking, manual
hyperinflation)
B. Manual/mechanical techniques*:
(1) Assistive devices
C. Positioning*:
(1) Positioning to alter work of breathing
(2) Positioning to maximize ventilation and perfusion
o Functional training in self-care and home management may include*:
o Functional training in work (job/school/play), community, and leisure integration or
reintegration may include*:
o Activities of daily living (ADL) training:
(1) Bed mobility and transfer training*
(2) Age appropriate functional skills
o Barrier accommodations or modifications*
o Device and equipment use and training:
(1) Assistive and adaptive device or equipment training during ADL (specifically for bed
mobility and transfer training, gait and locomotion, and dressing)*
(2) Orthotic, protective, or supportive device or equipment training during self-care and home
management*
(3) Prosthetic device or equipment training during ADL (specifically for bed mobility and
transfer training, gait and locomotion, and dressing)*
o Functional training programs*:
(1) Simulated environments and tasks*
(2) Task adaptation
o Injury prevention or reduction:
(1) Safety awareness training during self-care and home management*
(2) Injury prevention education during self-care and home management
(3) Injury prevention or reduction with use of devices and equipment
Prescription, application, and, as appropriate, fabrication of devices and equipment may
include*:
o Adaptive devices*:
(1) Hospital beds
(2) Raised toilet seats
(3) Seating systems – prefabricated
o Assistive devices*:
(1) Canes
(2) Crutches
(3) Long-handled reachers
(4) Static and dynamic splints – prefabricated
(5) Walkers
(6) Wheelchairs
o Orthotic devices*:
(1) Prefabricated braces
(2) Prefabricated shoe inserts
(3) Prefabricated splints
o Prosthetic devices (lower-extremity)*
o Protective devices*:
(1) Braces
(2) Cushions
(3) Helmets
(4) Protective taping
o Supportive devices*:
(1) Prefabricated compression garments
(2) Corsets
(3) Elastic wraps
(4) Neck collars
(5) Slings
(6) Supplemental oxygen - apply and adjust
(7) Supportive taping
Electrotherapeutic modalities may include:
A. Biofeedback*
B. Electrotherapeutic delivery of medications (eg, iontophoresis)*
C. Electrical stimulation*:
(1) Electrical muscle stimulation (EMS)*
(2) Functional electrical stimulation (FES)
(3) High voltage pulsed current (HVPC)
(4) Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES)
(5) Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)
Physical agents and mechanical modalities may include: Physical agents:
A. Cryotherapy*:
(1) Cold packs
(2) Ice massage
(3) Vapocoolant spray
B. Hydrotherapy*:
(1) Contrast bath
(2) Pools
(3) Whirlpool tanks*
C. Sound agents*:
(1) Phonophoresis*
(2) Ultrasound*
D. Thermotherapy*:
(1) Dry heat
(2) Hot packs*
(3) Paraffin baths*
Mechanical modalities:
A. Compression therapies (prefabricated)*
(1) Compression garments
Skill Category Description of Minimum Skills
(2) Vasopneumatic compression devices*
(3) Taping
(4) Compression bandaging (excluding lymphedema)
B. Gravity-assisted compression devices:
(1) Standing frame*
(2) Tilt table*
C. Mechanical motion devices*:
(1) Continuous passive motion (CPM)*
D. Traction devices*:
(1) Intermittent
(2) Positional
(3) Sustained
Documentation of all listed competencies in SOAP notes format
TENTH SEMESTER
OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGICAL PHYSICAL
THERAPY
PAEDIATRIC PHYSICAL THERAPY
GERENTOLOGY & GERIATRIC PHYSICAL THERAPY
SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
SUPERVISED CLINICAL PRACTICE VI
OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGICAL PHYSICAL
THERAPY
CREDIT HOURS 2(2-0)
COURSE DESCRIPTION:
This course intends to provide Introduction to physical therapy practice for evaluation and
treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction and an Introduction to physical therapy practice for
evaluation and treatment of problems related to pregnancy, osteoporosis, and other disorders
specific to women.Topics will focus on medical terminology, clinical examination, evaluation,
comparing contemporary, traditional interventions and the impact of evolving technology in this
area.
GERONTOLOGY
Introduction to Gerontology
Demographic Trends of an Aging Society
Social Gerontology
The Physiology and Pathology of Aging
The Cognitive and Psychological Changes Associated with Aging
Functional Performance in Later Life: Basic Sensory, Perceptual, and Physical Changes
Associated with Aging
Geriatric Pharmacotherapy
Sexuality and Aging
Living Options and the Continuum of Care
Legal and Financial Issues Related to Health Care for Older People
Health Care Providers Working With Older Adults
Future Concerns in an Aging Society
: Health Literacy and Clear Health Communication
Recommended Books:
Geriatric Physical Therapy (Hardcover) by Andrew A. Guccione (Author)
Fundamentals of Geriatric Medicine
SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY
CREDIT HOUR 2(2-0)
Course Description
The main focus of this course is related to the understanding of the role that physical therapists
play in both the industrial continuum and sports physical therapy. Emphasis is placed on acute
management of traumatic injuries and/or sudden illness. In addition, injury prevention with an
emphasis on the advanced clinical competencies related to the practice of sports physical therapy
will also be covered.
Recommended Books:
Sports Rehabilitation and Injury Prevention by:Paul Comfort &Earle Abrahamson, 1st
Edition, 2010,Wiley Blackwell Publishers
Clinical Sports Medicine by: Brukner & Khan, 4ed, McGraw-Hill Publishers
A guide to sports and injury management by: Mike Bundy & Andy Leaver, 1st edition, 2010,
Churchill Livingstone.
SUPERVISED CLINICAL PRACTICE VI
CREDITS 4(0-4)
INTEGUMENTARY
SEMESTER SUPERVISION FOCUS WARDS COMPETENCIES
10 Supervised by Evaluation, Integumentary, Listed below
trained PT Examination, and gynecology&
Intervention obstetrics, sports
and metabolic
disorders
(IPD/OPD;
surgical & non-
surgical)
Course Description:
During this supervised clinical practice, students are responsible for successful execution of
examination, evaluation, and interventions relating to Integumentary, gynecology and obstetrics,
sports and metabolic disorders. Students become familiar with performance of these skills in all
settings (inpatient and outpatient) as well as on all types of conditions (surgical, non-surgical,
pediatric, geriatric, obstetrics & gynecology, sports etc.) Students learn to objectively perform
these skills under the supervision of trained physical therapists. Student is required to keep a
performance record of all listed competencies and successfully perform on real patients during
the final evaluation of the course.
Competencies:
Examination:
Based on best available evidence select examination tests and measures that are appropriate
for the patient/client.
Perform posture tests and measures of postural alignment and positioning.*
Perform gait, locomotion and balance tests including quantitative and qualitative measures
such as*:
Balance during functional activities with or without the use of assistive, adaptive,
orthotic, protective, supportive, or prosthetic devices or equipment
Balance (dynamic and static) with or without the use of assistive, adaptive, orthotic,
protective, supportive, or prosthetic devices or equipment
Gait and locomotion during functional activities with or without the use of assistive,
adaptive, orthotic, protective, supportive, or prosthetic devices or equipment to
include:
Bed mobility
Transfers (level surfaces and floor)*
Wheelchair management
Uneven surfaces
Safety during gait, locomotion, and balance
Perform gait assessment including step length, speed, characteristics of gait, and
abnormal gait patterns.
Characterize or quantify body mechanics during self-care, home management, work,
community, tasks, or leisure activities.
Characterize or quantify ergonomic performance during work (job/school/play)*:
Dexterity and coordination during work
Safety in work environment
Specific work conditions or activities
Tools, devices, equipment, and workstations related to work actions, tasks, or
activities
Characterize or quantify environmental home and work (job/school/play) barriers:
Current and potential barriers
Physical space and environment
Community access
Observe self-care and home management (including ADL and IADL)*
Measure and characterize pain* to include:
Pain, soreness, and nocioception
Specific body parts
Recognize and characterize signs and symptoms of inflammation.
Perform integumentary integrity tests and measures including*:
A. Activities, positioning, and postures that produce or relieve trauma to the skin.
B. Assistive, adaptive, orthotic, protective, supportive, or prosthetic devices and equipment that
may produce or relieve trauma to the skin.
C. Skin characteristics, including blistering, continuity of skin color, dermatitis, hair growth,
mobility, nail growth, sensation, temperature, texture and turgor.
D. Activities, positioning, and postures that aggravate the wound or scar or that produce or
relieve trauma.
E. Signs of infection.
F. Wound characteristics: bleeding, depth, drainage, location, odor, size, and color.
G. Wound scar tissue characteristics including banding, pliability, sensation, and texture.
Evaluation:
• Clinical reasoning
• Clinical decision making
1. Synthesize available data on a patient/client expressed in terms of the International
Classification of Function, Disability and Health (ICF) model to include body functions and
structures, activities, and participation.
2. Use available evidence in interpreting the examination findings.
3. Verbalize possible alternatives when interpreting the examination findings.
4. Cite the evidence (patient/client history, lab diagnostics, tests and measures and scientific
literature) to support a clinical decision.
Diagnosis:
1. Integrate the examination findings to classify the patient/client problem in terms of body
functions and structures, and activities and participation (ie, practice patterns in the Guide)
2. Identify and prioritize impairments in body functions and structures, and activity limitations
and participation restrictions to determine specific body function and structure, and activities and
participation towards which the intervention will be directed.*
Prognosis:
1. Determine the predicted level of optimal functioning and the amount of time required to
achieve that level.*
2. Recognize barriers that may impact the achievement of optimal functioning within a predicted
time frame including*:
A. Age
B. Medication(s)
C. Socioeconomic status
D. Co-morbidities
E. Cognitive status
F. Nutrition
G. Social Support
H. Environment
Plan of Care:
• Goal setting
• Coordination of Care
• Progression of care
• Discharge
Design a Plan of Care
1. Write measurable functional goals (short-term and long-term) that are time referenced with
expected outcomes.
2. Consult patient/client and/or caregivers to develop a mutually agreed to plan of care.*
3. Identify patient/client goals and expectations.*
4. Identify indications for consultation with other professionals.*
5. Make referral to resources needed by the patient/client (assumes knowledge of referral
sources).*
6. Select and prioritize the essential interventions that are safe and meet the specified functional
goals and outcomes in the plan of care* (ie, (a) identify precautions and contraindications, (b)
provide evidence for patient-centered interventions that are identified and selected, (c) define the
specificity of the intervention (time, intensity, duration, and frequency), and (d) set realistic
priorities that consider relative time duration in conjunction with family, caregivers, and other
health care professionals).
7. Establish criteria for discharge based on patient goals and current functioning
and disability.*
Coordination of Care
1. Identify who needs to collaborate in the plan of care.
2. Identify additional patient/client needs that are beyond the scope of physical therapist practice,
level of experience and expertise, and warrant referral.*
3. Refer and discuss coordination of care with other health care professionals.*
4. Articulate a specific rational for a referral.
5. Advocate for patient/client access to services.
Progression of Care
1. Identify outcome measures of progress relative to when to progress the patient further.*
2. Measure patient/client response to intervention.*
3. Monitor patient/client response to intervention.
4. Modify elements of the plan of care and goals in response to changing patient/client status, as
needed.*
5. Make on-going adjustments to interventions according to outcomes including environmental
factors and personal factors and, medical therapeutic interventions.
6. Make accurate decisions regarding intensity and frequency when adjusting interventions in the
plan of care.
Discharge Plan
1. Re-examine patient/client if not meeting established criteria for discharge based on the plan of
care.
2. Differentiate between discharge of the patient/client, discontinuation of service, and transfer of
care with re-evaluation.*
3. Prepare needed resources for patient/client to ensure timely discharge, including follow-up
care.
4. Include patient/client and family/caregiver as a partner in discharge.*
5. Discontinue care when services are no longer indicated.
6. When services are still needed, seek resources and/or consult with others to identify alternative
resources that may be available.
7. Determine the need for equipment and initiate requests to obtain.
Interventions:
Safety, Emergency Care, CPR and First Aid
Standard Precautions
Body Mechanics and
Positioning
Categories of Interventions
Safety, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Emergency Care, First Aid
Ensure patient safety and safe application of patient/client care.*
Perform first aid.*
Perform emergency procedures.*
Perform Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR).*
Precautions
1. Demonstrate appropriate sequencing of events related to universal precautions.*
2. Use Universal Precautions.
3. Determine equipment to be used and assemble all sterile and non-sterile materials.*
4. Use transmission-based precautions.
5. Demonstrate aseptic techniques.*
6. Apply sterile procedures.*
7. Properly discard soiled items.*
A. Debridement*—nonselective:
(1) Enzymatic debridement
(2) Wet dressings
(3) Wet-to-dry dressings
(4) Wet-to-moist dressings
B. Dressings*:
(1) Hydrogels
(2) Wound coverings
C. Topical agents*:
(1) Cleansers
(2) Creams
(3) Moisturizers
(4) Ointments
(5) Sealants
QUALITY ASSURANCE
The measurement of effective of these Academic Standards will determine the level of the
“Academic Quality”.
Criteria for peer review of the academic department with reference to academic program
The “Peer Review Committee” will be appointed by the Vice Chancellor to review the
concerned academic department with relation to the degree program. Criteria will be based on
the following six essentials elements.
Curriculum Design Content- Organization
Teaching Learning - Assessment
Student progressing and Achievements
Student Support and Guidance
Learning Resources (State of Practice / Art)
Quality Management and Enhancement.
All elements will evaluate out of 100 points and rated against 4 points as under.
1(1-25) 2(26-50) 3(51-75) 4(76-100)
The final report of “Peer Committee” will be according to Quality Assurance criteria 6*4=24
points.
Monitoring
The Program Director/ Course In charge will submit following reports to the Director
Medical Sciences, Directorate of Medical Science, GC University Faisalabad at the end of each
academic year.
Record of the Academic Activities that took place.
List of the problems by the students and the teacher.
List of the problems that were addressed and solved during the program
List of the problems which require support from the University.
Monitoring of the progress files of the student
Peer Review:
Every three Years; Director Medical Sciences, Directorate of Medical Science, GC
University Faisalabad will arrange Review of the Program by appointing a Committee of the
Specialists of the same field.
ANNEXURE E
Date:
Signature
ANNEXURE F
Date:
Signature