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Ang Matanda at Ang Dagat-EnGLISH

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Ang Matanda at Ang Dagat

akda ni Ernest Hemingway


The Old Man and the Sea is a short novel written by the American author Ernest
Hemingway in 1951 in Cuba, and published in 1952. It was the last major work of fiction
by Hemingway that was published during his lifetime. One of his most famous works, it
tells the story of Santiago, an aging Cuban fisherman who struggles with a giant marlin
far out in the Gulf Stream off the coast of Cuba.

In 1953, The Old Man and the Sea was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, and it
was cited by the Nobel Committee as contributing to their awarding of the Nobel Prize in
Literature to Hemingway in 1954.

PLOT

The Old Man and the Sea tells the story of a battle between an aging, experienced
fisherman, Santiago, and a large marlin. The story opens with Santiago having gone 84
days without catching a fish, and now being seen as “salao”, the worst form of
unluckiness. He is so unlucky that his young apprentice, Manolin, has been forbidden
by his parents to sail with him and has been told instead to fish with successful
fishermen. The boy visits Santiago’s shack each night, hauling his fishing gear,
preparing food, talking about American baseball and his favorite player, Joe DiMaggio.
Santiago tells Manolin that on the next day, he will venture far out into the Gulf Stream,
north of Cuba in the Straits of Florida to fish, confident that his unlucky streak is near its
end.

On the eighty-fifth day of his unlucky streak, Santiago takes his skiff into the Gulf
Stream, sets his lines and by noon, has his bait taken by a big fish that he is sure is a
marlin. Unable to haul in the great marlin, Santiago is instead pulled by the marlin, and
two days and nights pass with Santiago holding onto the line. Though wounded by the
struggle and in pain, Santiago expresses a compassionate appreciation for his
adversary, often referring to him as a brother. He also determines that, because of the
fish’s great dignity, no one shall deserve to eat the marlin.

On the third day, the fish begins to circle the skiff. Santiago, worn out and almost
delirious, uses all his remaining strength to pull the fish onto its side and stab the marlin
with a harpoon. Santiago straps the marlin to the side of his skiff and heads home,
thinking about the high price the fish will bring him at the market and how many people
he will feed.

On his way in to shore, sharks are attracted to the marlin’s blood. Santiago kills a great
mako shark with his harpoon, but he loses the weapon. He makes a new harpoon by
strapping his knife to the end of an oar to help ward off the next line of sharks; five
sharks are slain and many others are driven away. But the sharks keep coming, and by
nightfall the sharks have almost devoured the marlin’s entire carcass, leaving a skeleton
consisting mostly of its backbone, its tail and its head. Santiago knows that he is
defeated and tells the sharks of how they have killed his dreams. Upon reaching the
shore before dawn on the next day, Santiago struggles to his shack, carrying the heavy
mast on his shoulder, leaving the fish head and the bones on the shore. Once home, he
slumps onto his bed and falls into a deep sleep.

A group of fishermen gather the next day around the boat where the fish’s skeleton is
still attached. One of the fishermen measures it to be 18 feet (5.5 m) from nose to tail.
Pedrico is given the head of the fish, and the other fishermen tell Manolin to tell the old
man how sorry they are. Tourists at the nearby café mistakenly take it for a shark. The
boy, worried about the old man, cries upon finding him safe asleep and at his injured
hands. Manolin brings him newspapers and coffee. When the old man wakes, they
promise to fish together once again. Upon his return to sleep, Santiago dreams of his
youth—of lions on an African beach.

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