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Sector: Metal and Engineering Sector

Qualification Title: SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING NC I

Module Title: : Weld Carbon Steel plates using SMAW

St. Joseph Vocational and Technical Training and


Assessment Center Inc.
HOW TO USE THIS MODULE
Welcome to the module “SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING NC 1I”. This
module contains training materials and activities for you to complete. The
unit of competency “Basic, Common and Core Competencies” contains
knowledge, skills and attitudes required for a shielded metal arc welding NC
I course. You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order
to complete each of the learning outcomes of the module. In each learning
outcome there are Information sheets, Operation sheets, Job sheets and
Activity sheets. Follow this activity on your own and answer the Self-check at
the end of each leaning activity.

If you have questions, don’t hesitate to ask your facilitator for


assistance.

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

You may already have some of the knowledge and skills covered in this
module because you have:
 been working for some time
 training related to this area of qualification
 Already have completed training in this area.

If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are competent in a


particular skill or skills, talk to him/her about having them formally
recognized so you don’t have to do the same training again. If you have a
qualification or Certificate of Competency from previous trainings show it to
your trainer. If the skills you acquired are still current and relevant to this
module, they may become part of the evidence you can present for RPL. If you
are not sure about the currency of your skills, discuss it with your trainer.

Remember to:
Work through all the information and complete the activities
in each section.
Read information sheets and complete the self-check. Suggested
references are included to supplement the materials provided in this module.
Most probably your trainer will also be your supervisor or manager.
He/she is there to support you and show you the correct way to do things.
You will be given plenty of opportunity to ask questions and practice on
the job. Make sure you practice your new skills during regular work shift. This
way you will improve both your speed and memory and also your confidence.
Use the Self-checks, Operation Sheets or Job Sheets at the end of each
section to test your own progress.

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After completing this module ask your trainer to assess your
competency. Result of your assessment will be recorded in your competency
profile. All the learning activities are designed for you to complete at your own
pace.

Inside this module you will find the activities for you to complete
followed by relevant information sheets for each learning outcome. Each
learning outcome may have more than one learning activity.

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SUMMARY OF COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIALS

List of Competencies

No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code

BASIC COMPETENCY

Receiving and 500311101


Receive and respond to responding to
1.
workplace communication workplace
communication
2. Wok with others Working with others 500311102
Demonstrating work 500311103
3. Demonstrate work values
values
Practicing basic 500311104
Practice basic
4. housekeeping
housekeeping procedures
procedures
COMMON COMPETENCY
Applying safety MEE721201
1. Apply safety practices
practices
Interpret drawings and Interpreting drawings MEE721202
2.
sketches and sketches
Perform industry Performing industry MEE721203
3.
calculations calculations
Contribute to quality Contributing to quality MEE721204
4.
system system
5. Use hand tools Using hand tools MEE721205
6. Prepare weld materials Preparing weld materials MEE721206
Setting-up welding MEE721207
7. Set up welding equipment
equipment
Fitting up weld MEE721208
8. Fit up weld materials
materials
9. Repair welds Repairing welds MEE721209
Core competency
Weld carbon steel plates Welding carbon steel MEE721301
using SMAW plates using SMAW

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Table of contents
How to use this competency-Based -------------------------------------------2
Summary of competency based learning materials-------------------------4
Table of contents-----------------------------------------------------------------5
Module content-------------------------------------------------------------------6
Learning outcome #1------------------------------------------------------------7
Learning experiences------------------------------------------------------------8
Information sheet 1.1-1
Perform Root pass---------------------------------------------------------------9
Self-check 1.1-1------------------------------------------------------------------11
Answer self-check---------------------------------------------------------------12
Task sheet 1.1-1-----------------------------------------------------------------13
Performance criteria checklist1.1-1-------------------------------------------14

Learning outcome #2------------------------------------------------------------15


Learning experiences------------------------------------------------------------16
Information sheet 1.2-1
Clean root pass------------------------------------------------------------------17
Self-check 1.2-1------------------------------------------------------------------18
Answer self-check---------------------------------------------------------------19
Task sheet 1.2-1-----------------------------------------------------------------20
Performance criteria checklist1.2-1-------------------------------------------21

Learning outcome #3------------------------------------------------------------22


Learning experiences------------------------------------------------------------23
Information sheet 1.3-1
Weld subsequent/ filling passes -----------------------------------------------24
Self-check 1.3-1------------------------------------------------------------------25
Answer self-check---------------------------------------------------------------26
Task sheet 1.3-1-----------------------------------------------------------------27
Performance criteria checklist1.3-1-------------------------------------------28

Learning outcome #4------------------------------------------------------------29


Learning experiences------------------------------------------------------------30
Information sheet 1.4-1
Perform Capping -----------------------------------------------------------------31
Self-check 1.4-1------------------------------------------------------------------32
Answer self-check---------------------------------------------------------------33
Task sheet 1.4-1-----------------------------------------------------------------34
Performance criteria checklist1.4-1-------------------------------------------35
References------------------------------------------------------------------------ 36

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MODULE CONTENT

QUALIFICATION SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING NC I


UNIT OF
WELD CARBON STEEL PLATES USING SMAW
COMPETENCY
MODULE TITLE Welding Carbon Steel Plates Using SMAW

INTRODUCTION:
This unit covers the skills, knowledge and attitudes required in
welding carbon steel plates and pipes using SMAW process.

NOMINAL DURATION: 194 HOURS

LEARNING OUTCOMES:
1. Perform root pass
2. Clean root pass
3. Weld subsequent/ filling passes
4. Perform capping
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
 Root pass is performed in accordance with WPS and/or client
specifications.
 Task is performed in accordance with company or industry
requirement and safety procedure.
 Weld is visually checked for defects and repaired, as required
 Weld is visually acceptable in accordance with applicable codes
and standards.
 Root pass is cleaned and free from defects and discontinuities
 Task is performed in accordance with approved WPS
 Subsequent/ filling passes is performed in accordance with
approved WPS
 Weld is visually checked for defects and repaired, as required
 Weld is visually acceptable in accordance with applicable codes and
standards
 Capping is performed in accordance with WPS and/or client
specifications
 Weld is visually checked for defects and repaired, as required
 Weld is visually acceptable in accordance with applicable codes
and standard

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LEARNING OUTCOME #1 Perform root pass

CONTENTS:
 Performing root pass

ASSESMENT CRITERIA:
 Required information is gathered by listening attentively and
correctly interpreting or understanding information/instructions
 Instructions/information are properly recorded
 Instructions are acted upon immediately in accordance with
information received
 Clarification is sought from workplace supervisor on all occasions
when any instruction/information is not clear

CONDITION:

Trainees must be provided by the following:


 Appropriate sources
 Medium
 Workplace interactions
EVALUATION METHOD:
 written test
 Direct observation
 Oral interviews

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LEARNING EXPERIENCES
Learning Outcome 1: Perform root pass

Learning Activities Special Instructions

1. Read information sheet Read information sheet 1.1-1 perform root


1.1-1 on Perform root pass. If you have some problem on the content
pass of the information sheet don’t hesitate to
approach your facilitator.
If you feel that you are knowledgeable on the
content of the information sheet, you can now
answer self-check provided in the module.

2. Answer self-check 1.1-1 Refer your answers to the answer key 1.1-1 for
self-check. You are required to get all answers
correct. If not, read the information sheets
again to answer all questions correctly.
3. View the video If you feel that you are knowledgeable on the
presentation on presentation, you can now answer the oral
performing root pass questioning.
4. Answer the oral question See that you all got the correct answer before
you could proceed to the next activity
5. Observe the trainer n If you have some problems on the
demonstrating perform demonstration don’t hesitate to approach your
root pass. facilitator.
If you feel that you are knowledgeable on the
demonstration perform task sheet 1.1-1. If you
have some questions don’t hesitate to
approach your facilitator.
6. Perform task sheet 1.1-1 Evaluate your work by referring to performance
on performing root pass using Performance Criteria Checklist 1-1-1. If not
review the task sheet and go over the task
again
Congratulations on a Job well done!!! You have now successfully completed
the activities in LO1 for this competency and are now ready for the LO2.
Good luck and use what you have learned here well!!!

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Information sheet
1.1-1

Perform root pass

Root pass simply refers to the 1st pass in any weld process, which
makes the two members being welded, one structure. Subsequent passes
increase the weld depth to the desired thickness, yielding the necessary
strength.
The root pass is the first pass on an open joint, usually when welding
pipe and mild steel. It is usually used as a first pass that will provide the
base for subsequent filler passes. Since it is bridging a gap it may be done
with a quick freezing rod with a cellulosic flux like 6010 or 6011. Some of
the root may be ground away to eliminate any voids and laid over with a low
hydrogen rod such as 7018 until the weld is completed.

Perform Root pass


1. Tack the plates on the jig
2. Adjust height of the jig
3. Ground clamp
4. Hand tools needed
5. Materials needed
6. Notify the welding assessor that you are ready to start your root pass

Tips: in performing root pass


 Use E6010 1/8”
 DCEP polarity set up
 Set current at minimum( 1/8” = 90 amperes)
– test arc
 Adjust accordingly depending on your
preference
 Begin at the bottom welding up
 Make sure your stance is comfortable so you
can support yourself while welding
 Make sure you can see the weld puddle
 Maintain a short arc and concentrate on the
root gap
 Ensure root pass penetration
 Point your rod to the center of the pipe to
melt both edges
 Push the rod inside the pipe so the arc is in
the inside when welding
 The sound of the electrode burning should be coming from the inside
of the pipe

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 If burn hole occurs, stop weld to prevent it from getting bigger.
 Skip the burn hole, continue weld pass
 Return to the burn hole after cleaning the slag
 Clean the root pass and repair burn holes if there are any.
 Slow down your speed of travel for the root pass, if the keyhole is
large your amperage is too high.
 Adjust amperage accordingly.
 Should arc be broken, grind and clean the slag before you continue
your weldment
 Do not exceed root pass the groove face
 Clean Root Pass
 Grind the root pass until it shines/ clear all the slag
 Maintain the groove line
 Groove face

Root Pass

Widely used in plate and pipe desgns


 Face side is not as important as root surface on bac or inside.
 If root surface is correct: frot side can be ground, gouged or burned out

Weld is evaluated from root side only


 Root face for most grooves will be out the same size

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Self-check 1.1-1

What are the things to consider during performing root pass?

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Answer key 1.1-1

1. 45 degree angle
2. Adjust height of the jig
3. Ground clamp
4. Hand tools needed
5. Materials needed

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Task Sheet 1.1-1
Title: Performing root pass
Performance objective:
Given the appropriate tools and materials, the trainee will
demonstrate on how to perform root pass.
Materials, Tools and Equipment:
 PPE
 Electrode (6011)
 Welding machine
 Angle grinder
 Steel brush
 Ball pen hammer
 Plier tong

Assessment method:
Return demonstration using performance criteria checklist.
Steps/ procedure:
The trainees will work in the practical area, they will be given one and
half hour (1.5) hours to Perform root pass. The trainer will go around and
observe the trainees. At the end of the given time, trainees will present
their output.
PREPARING THE METAL PIPE
 Prepare all the tools, materials and equipment needed.
 Grind the surface of the metal pipe
 Bevel the edge of the metal pipe into 45 degrees
 Make a root face on the edge of the metal pipe at 3.2mm.
Tacking of metal Pipe
 Adjust the gap size of metal pipe into 3.2 mm
 Tack the pipe into quarters (12PM, 3AM, 6AM, 9AM) using 6011
electrode
 Tack the metal pipe into positioner
Weld metal pipe
 Set the amperage into 90 amps
 Use 6011 electrode
 Weld metal pipe from bottom to top adjust positioner in necessary

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Performance Criteria Checklist 1.1-1

Performance Criteria Yes No


Did you…
 Prepare all the tools, materials and equipment needed. 
 Grind the surface of the metal pipe. 
 Bevel the edge of the metal pipe into 45 degrees 
 Make a root face on the edge of the metal pipe at 3.2mm. 
Tacking Metal Pipe
 Adjust the gap size of metal pipe into 3.2 mm 
 Tack the pipe into quarters (12PM, 3AM, 6AM, 9AM) using 
6011 electrode
 Tack the metal pipe into positioner 
Weld metal pipe
 Set the amperage into 90 amps 
 Use 6011 electrode 
 Weld metal pipe from bottom to top adjust positioner in 
necessary

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LEARNING OUTCOME
Clean root pass
#2
CONTENTS:
 Cleaning Root pass

ASSESMENT CRITERIA:
 Root pass is cleaned and free from discontinuities
 Task is performed in accordance with approved WPS
CONDITION:

Trainees must be provided by the following:


 Appropriate sources
 Medium
 Workplace interactions
EVALUATION METHOD:
 written test
 Direct observation
 Oral interviews

SHIELDED METAL ARC Date Developed: Document No.


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LEARNING EXPERIENCES
Learning Outcome 2: Clean root pass

Learning Activities Special Instructions

1. 1. Read information sheet 1.2-1 Read information sheet 1.2-1 cleaning root
on Cleaning root pass pass. If you have some problem on the content
of the information sheet don’t hesitate to
approach your facilitator.
If you feel that you are knowledgeable on the
content of the information sheet, you can now
answer self-check provided in the module.

2.Answer self-check 1.2-1 Refer your answers to the answer key 1.2-1 for
self-check. You are required to get all answers
correct. If not, read the information sheets
again to answer all questions correctly.
3.View the video presentation If you feel that you are knowledgeable on the
on performing root pass Presentation you can now answer oral
questioning.
4. Answer oral question See that you got all answer correctly before you
could proceed to the next activity.
If you have some problem on the
5. Observe the trainer in
demonstration don’t hesitate to approach
demonstrating cleaning root
your facilitator.
pass
If you feel that you are knowledgeable on the
demonstration perform Task sheet 1.2-1. If
not have some don’t hesitate to approach your
facilitator.
Compare your work to the Performance
6. Perform the task sheet 1-
Criteria Checklist 1.2-1. If you got 100%
2.1
correct answer in this task, you can now
Cleaning root pass move to the next activity. If not review the
task sheet and go over the task again.
Congratulations on a Job well done!!! You have now successfully completed
the activities in LO2 for this competency and are now ready for the LO3.
Good luck and use what you have learned here well!!!

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Information sheet 1.2-1

Cleaning root pass

Stringer bead brushes have narrower knots twisted from base to tip, making
them better suited to penetrate tighter spaces like corners, fillets, and root
pass welds during cleaning. Remember, the tips of wire brushes do the work, so
using appropriate pressure is key to performance and efficiency.

Clean Root Pass


Grind the root pass until it shines/ clear all the slag

Maintain the groove line

Clean Root Pass


 Using the angle grinder, clean root pass free from slag.
 Clean all trapped slag and porosity
 Redefine the groove face to serve as outline your filling pass
 Repair porosity or pinholes with E6010
 Clean root pass until shines

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Self-check 1.2-1

Enumerate the steps in cleaning root pass.

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Answer key 1.2-1

1. Using the angle grinder, clean root pass free from slag.
2. Clean all trapped slag and porosity
3. Redefine the groove face to serve as outline your filling pass
4. Repair porosity or pinholes with E6011
5. Clean root pass until shines

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Task Sheet 1.2-1
Title: Cleaning root pass
Performance objective:
Given the appropriate tools and materials, the trainee will
demonstrate on how to clean root pass.
Materials, Tools and Equipment:
 PPE
 Angle grinder
 Steel brush
 Ball pen hammer
 Plier tong

Assessment method:
Return demonstration using performance criteria checklist.
Steps/ procedure:
The trainees will work in the practical area, they will be given one and
half hour (1.5) hours to clean root pass. The trainer will go around and
observe the trainees. At the end of the given time, trainees will present
their output.
Cleaning the root pass in a steel pipe
 Prepare all the tools, materials and equipment needed.
 Tick the welding area in the pipe to get the slag
 Grind the surface of the metal pipe to remove the slag and to
prepare for hot pass.
 Redefine the groove face to serve as outline your filling pass
 Repair porosity or pinholes with E6011
 Clean root pass until shines

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Performance Criteria Checklist 1.2-1

Performance Criteria Yes No


Did you…
 Prepare all the tools, materials and equipment needed. 
 Tick the welding area in the pipe to get the slag 
 Grind the surface of the metal pipe to remove the slag and to

prepare for hot pass.
 Redefine the groove face to serve as outline your filling pass 
 Repair porosity or pinholes with E6011 
 Clean root pass until shines 

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LEARNING OUTCOME
Weld subsequent/ filling passes
#3
CONTENTS:
 Welidng subsequent filling passes

ASSESMENT CRITERIA:
 Subsequent filling passes is performed in accordance with
WPS
 Weld is visually check for defects and repaired as required
 Weld is visually acceptable in accordance with applicable
codes and standards.
CONDITION:

Trainees must be provided by the following:


 Appropriate sources
 Medium
 Workplace interactions
EVALUATION METHOD:
 written test
 Direct observation
 Oral interviews

SHIELDED METAL ARC Date Developed: Document No.


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LEARNING EXPERIENCES
Learning Outcome 3: Weld subsequent/ filling passes

Learning Activities Special Instructions

2. 1. Read information sheet 1.3-1 Read information sheet 1.3-1 weld


on Weld subsequent filling subsequent filling passes. If you have some
passes problem on the content of the information
sheet don’t hesitate to approach your
facilitator.
If you feel that you are knowledgeable on the
content of the information sheet, you can now
answer self-check provided in the module.

2.Answer self-check 1.3-1 Refer your answers to the answer key 1.3-1 for
self-check. You are required to get all answers
correct. If not, read the information sheets
again to answer all questions correctly.
3.View the video presentation If you feel that you are knowledgeable on the
on welding subsequent filling Presentation you can now answer oral
passes questioning.
4. Answer oral question See that you got all answer correctly before you
could proceed to the next activity.
If you have some problem on the
5. Observe the trainer in
demonstration don’t hesitate to approach
demonstrating welding
your facilitator.
subsequent filling pass
If you feel that you are knowledgeable on the
demonstration perform Task sheet 1.3-1. If
not have some don’t hesitate to approach your
facilitator.
Compare your work to the Performance
6. Perform the task sheet 1-
Criteria Checklist 1.3-1. If you got 100%
3.1
correct answer in this task, you can now
Welding subsequent filling move to the next activity. If not review the
passes task sheet and go over the task again.
Congratulations on a Job well done!!! You have now successfully completed
the activities in LO3 for this competency and are now ready for the LO4.
Good luck and use what you have learned here well!!!

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Information sheet 1.3-1

Weld subsequent filling passes

Also referred to as a fill Pass it is the amount of bead necessary to fill the
weld joint. This comes after the root pass and before the cap pass. In some
applications multiple passes are necessary.

Deposit subsequent filling passes

Deposit subsequent filling passes


• Use E7018 1/8”
• Set current setting to 100 amperes
• Test weld to preheat the electrode (When not preheated on an electrode
oven)
• Adjust amperage setting accordingly to your preference
• Adjust to clean the filling pass from slag with an angle grinder before
continuing with your next filling pass

Deposit subsequent filling passes


• Do not exceed the groove face when welding
• Using an angle grinder, redefine weld groove after each pass
• If porosity occurs, clean all the way to the root pass and repeat the filling
passes

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Self-check 1.3-1

What are the tips in making subsequent/ filling passes?

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Answer key 1.3-1

1. Use E7018 1/8”


2. Set current setting to 100 amperes
3. Test weld to preheat the electrode (When not preheated on an
electrode oven)
4. Adjust amperage setting accordingly to your preference
5. Adjust to clean the filling pass from slag with an angle grinder before
continuing with your next filling pass

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Task Sheet 1.3-1
Title: Performing subsequent filling passes
Performance objective:
Given the appropriate tools and materials, the trainee will
demonstrate on how to weld subsequent filling pass.
Materials, Tools and Equipment:
 PPE
 Electrode (7018)
 Welding machine
 Angle grinder
 Steel brush
 Ball pen hammer
 Plier tong

Assessment method:
Return demonstration using performance criteria checklist.
Steps/ procedure:
The trainees will work in the practical area, they will be given one and
half hour (1.5) hours to Perform subsequent filling pass. The trainer will
go around and observe the trainees. At the end of the given time, trainees
will present their output.

Weld metal pipe


 Prepare the tools materials and equipment
 Set the amperage into 100 amps
 Use 7018 electrode
 Weld metal pipe from bottom to top adjust positioner in necessary

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Performance Criteria Checklist 1.3-1

Performance Criteria Yes No


Did you…
 Prepare all the tools, materials and equipment needed. 
Weld metal pipe
 Set the amperage into 100 amps 
 Use 7018 electrode 
 Weld metal pipe from bottom to top adjust positioner in 
necessary

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LEARNING OUTCOME
Perform capping
#4
CONTENTS:
 Peforming capping

ASSESMENT CRITERIA:
 Capping is performed in accordance with WPS and/or
client specifications
 Weld is visually checked for defects and repaired, as
required
 Weld is visually acceptable in accordance with applicable
codes and standards
CONDITION:

Trainees must be provided by the following:


 Appropriate sources
 Medium
 Workplace interactions
EVALUATION METHOD:
 written test
 Direct observation
 Oral interviews

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LEARNING EXPERIENCES
Learning Outcome 4: Perform capping

Learning Activities Special Instructions

3. 1. Read information sheet 1.4-1 Read information sheet 1.4-1 Performing


on performing capping capping. If you have some problem on the
content of the information sheet don’t hesitate
to approach your facilitator.
If you feel that you are knowledgeable on the
content of the information sheet, you can now
answer self-check provided in the module.

2.Answer self-check 1.4-1 Refer your answers to the answer key 1.4-1 for
self-check. You are required to get all answers
correct. If not, read the information sheets
again to answer all questions correctly.
3.View the video presentation If you feel that you are knowledgeable on the
on performing capping pass Presentation you can now answer oral
questioning.
4. Answer oral question See that you got all answer correctly before you
could proceed to the next activity.
If you have some problem on the
5. Observe the trainer in
demonstration don’t hesitate to approach
demonstrating performing
your facilitator.
capping
If you feel that you are knowledgeable on the
demonstration perform Task sheet 1.4-1. If
not have some don’t hesitate to approach your
facilitator.
Compare your work to the Performance
6. Perform the task sheet 1-
Criteria Checklist 1.4-1. If you got 100%
4.1
correct answer in this task, you can now
Performing capping move to the next activity. If not review the
task sheet and go over the task again.
Congratulations on a Job well done!!! You have now successfully completed
the activities in LO4 for this competency and are now ready for the
Institutional assessment. Good luck and use what you have learned here
well!!!

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Information sheet 1.4-1

Perform Capping
The final weld bead in the in a weld joint. It may be completed in the
form of a stringer bead or by waving a motion back and forth.

Perform Capping Pass


 Use 1/8” E7018 DCEP
 Set current setting to 100 amperes
 Feather weld ends when restarting weld beads
 Manipulate electrode from side to side to create a welder bead.

Some basic guidelines for welding the cap are as follows:

 Keep your electrode angle pointed to the center of the groove at all times
with very few exceptions.
 Keep your arc length as short as possible.
 If possible, drag your electrode slightly no matter what the position is. Most
people will disagree with this but it works for me because it keeps the slag
behind the puddle. Once you build a shelf of weld then you can drag.
 Only move forward and side to side with the electrode otherwise the weld
will become rough.
 When the steel plates gets to hot let it cool down or put on a vice grip to lean
on.
 Make sure you fuse the bevels edge by pushing the toe of the weld into it.
 Overlap stringer beads from at least 25% to a maximum of 50%. The goal is
for the weld to have a single flat profile when finished.

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Self-check 1.4-1

How to perform Capping pass?

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Answer key 1.4-1

Perform Capping Pass


1. Use 1/8” E7018 DCEP
2. Set current setting to 100 amperes
3. Feather weld ends when restarting weld beads
4. Manipulate electrode from side to side to create a welder bead.

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Task Sheet 1.4-1
Title: Perform Capping
Performance objective:
Given the appropriate tools and materials, the trainee will
demonstrate on how to perform capping pass.
Materials, Tools and Equipment:
 PPE
 Electrode (7018)
 Welding machine
 Angle grinder
 Steel brush
 Ball pen hammer
 Plier tong

Assessment method:
Return demonstration using performance criteria checklist.
Steps/ procedure:
The trainees will work in the practical area, they will be given one and
half hour (1.5) hours to Perform capping. The trainer will go around and
observe the trainees. At the end of the given time, trainees will present
their output.
Weld metal pipe
 Prepare the materials tools and equipment
 Set the amperage into 100 amps
 Use 7018 electrode
 Weld metal pipe from bottom to top adjust positioner in necessary

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Performance Criteria Checklist 1.4-1

Performance Criteria Yes No


Did you…
 Prepare all the tools, materials and equipment needed. 
 Set the amperage into 100 amps 
 Weld metal pipe from bottom to top adjust positioner in 
necessary
 Use 7018 electrode 
 Manipulate electrode from side to side to create a welder 
bead

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References
1. https://www.weldersuniverse.com/welding_symbols.html
2. https://www.google.com/search?biw=1366&bih=657&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=pJEwXL
P_GtKlwAPS2bawDA&q=welding+symbol&oq=welding+&gs_l=img.1.0.0i67l3j0j0
i67j0j0i67j0l2
3. https://www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=gko0XIaNO8i88QXSg6LwAQ
&q=+fundamental+deviation+of+tolerance+zone&oq=+fundamental+deviation+of+t
olerance+zone&gs_l=img.3...618085.636441..636885...1.0..1.1332.12739.0j15j10j5j1
j6j1j1......0....1..gws-wiz-
img.....0..0j0i67j0i8i30j0i24j0i30.FNVZn31gRXk#imgrc=uIewYNdjVeOLZM:
4. https://mathbitsnotebook.com/Algebra1/Units/UNMetricEnglish.html
5. http://www.mathcentre.ac.uk/resources/workbooks/mathcentre/web-formulae2-
tom.pdf
6. https://www.helpingwithmath.com/by_subject/percentages/per_calculating.htm
7. https://www.thefabricator.com/article/finishing/eight-tips-for-effective-grinding
8. http://www.rroij.com/open-access/safety-considerations-in-a-weldingprocess-a-
review.php?aid=44846
engineeringhut.blogspot.com/2010/11/jigs-and-fixtures.html.
9. https://www.thefabricator.com/article/arcwelding/preheating-can-be-critical-to-
welding-success
10. http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/metallurgy/arc-welding/weld-joint-design-for-
smaw-metallurgy/96596
11. https://www.thefabricator.com/article/arcwelding/5-things-welders-need-to-know-
about-weld-positioners
12. https://www.twi-global.com/technical-knowledge/job-knowledge/air-carbon-arc-
gouging-012
13. https://www.thefabricator.com/article/plasmacutting/gouging-the-other-plasma-
process

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