m

Project Research Report 2010

Stephen Dignam 2631634
B.A. Hons. Interior Architecture
contents:

Project Research Report

survey
site analysis
historical
cultural
envrironmental
statutory

building precedent
chicago museum of science and industry
the science gallery dublin
the science museum dublin

building typology
zeeburgereiland
landschaftspark duisburg-nord

Design Approach
sustainable strategies

Client brief
plan
elevations
cost draft estimate
programme

references
Survey

Located on the East coast of Ireland Site fronting the Southside of Dublin Har-
Latitude 53.351902 Longtitiude –6.205559 bour Facing Clontarf Baths directly to the
North

Site is situated on Tolka Quay Rd

and is owned By Ted Castles Ltd.
A Petroleum products distributor
with subsidiaries such as the Top oil
company, which currently occupies
this site.

This is their main storage facility for

the Dublin area.
The local storage facilities in the lo-
cal area housing storage facilities of
a similar type.

Tolka Quay road is a secondary ac-

cess road utilised mostly by heavy
goods vehicles leading to lo-lo and
Ro-Ro ferry terminals.
Situated on the south side of the mouth of Sited on lands under control of
Dublin Bay approx. 2km from City centre The Dublin Port Company.
m
m
 Traffic
Tolka Quay Road is a secondary road leading to The
Roll on Roll off, and Load on Load off ferry terminals, it
runs parallel to Alexander road which would be mostly
used by passenger vehicles for access to terminals.
Tolka Quay road would be predominantly utilised by
Heavy goods Vehicles and staff in surrounding yards. m
Although Dublin City Council statistics show the 24 hour Sun Rise
sound level from traffic to be at 70db this would be more
likely during the terminals busiest times which would be
1 hour prior to sailing and after ferry arrival.
24 hr Sound Levels from Traffic
First Arrivals at the terminals begin at 6.am with last
sailing at 21:15 and 14 sailings throughout the day.

Sunlight and Daylight

The shadow analysis simulating sun travel in the month 10:00 a.m.
of November indicates that the proposed development
would not have a significant impact on the industrialised
areas to the south of the site. Shadows cast to the west
would fall within lands which are uninhabited and would
be in shade for about 4 hours. Shadows cast to the east
would potentially be falling on a possible car-park de-
velopment for the commercial purposes of serving the
museum, with shadows extending minimum distances
in the afternoons and evenings throughout the year.
. Midday
Daytime Sound Levels Certain buildings within the proposed development
areas Tank 4 would be subject to minimum light as it sits
in the center of the cluster of tanks area would be sub-
ject to negative impact on the daylight received

The east side of Tanks 1,2, & 6 are in an optimum posi-

tion for receiving northern light which is ideal for exhibi-
tion purposes giving cool and uniform light with flat and
soft shadows and Afternoon
lower contrasts.
The west side of Tanks 3 & 5 would be suited to public
recreational gathering.

Night-time Sound Levels

Sunset
Flood Risk. Architectural Inventory coal, textiles, leather, wood and ash. This
The site is on an exposed location on the bay, fill is of variable thickness ranging from
as much of the land was reclaimed from the Geo-technical details three to ten metres.
sea, soil conditions are likely to be very variable The bedrock underlying much of Dublin
with soft material in the upper layers and high is composed of limestone, mudstone and shale 1947 - 1982 (mainly 1958 – 1973). The fill
ground water tables. although protected from of Carboniferous limestone. It is referred to as from this used during these dates includes m
strong wave action by the north and south bull both the Dublin Limestone and also, the Calp. domestic waste (bottles, plastic, paper,
walls. clothing) and builders rubble. Some isolat-
According to an EPA report ‘Climate Change – The material within the area of the Dublin Port ed medical waste has also been identified
Scenarios and Impacts for Ireland’ ranges in age from less than 20 years old for including syringes, bandages and dress-
Environmental RTDI Programme 2000 –2006. the land fill to Carboniferous for the limestone ings. The depth of these fills ranges from 7
Predicts a sea level rise of 0.5 metres is bedrock. to 10 metres.
expected during the period 1990 – 2100, i.e. an Up until the 1900’s much of this area was in fact
average rise of 0.45 cm per year. Anticipated part of the foreshore before a serious of recla- 1965 to 1973 Eastpoint Business Park
rises in sea level due to climate change could mation projects gradually began filling the area. was reclaimed from and is composed
exacerbate any flood risk. The ground levels of paper, glass, pottery, rubber, metal, brick
within the basin are not particularly high as they Made ground (fill) and ash in a sandy matrix. The depth rang-
would be further south along the peninsula. Fill consisted of both inert material including es from 4 to 5 metres.
Easements: material dredged from the seabed, and domes-
The current state of the site doesn’t appear tic waste. Pre 1936 The area from East Wall Road
To provide conventional access. Inspection of Ashes, pottery, wire, glass and gravel, brick and to the buried cassion wall along the Tolka
the boundaries indicate that only pedestrian steel. Firm black and yellow brown silty clay River was filled with glass, wood, shredded
access to the site appears to be by a bridged, with some brick fragments. Tarmacdam and paper, clinker, pottery and ash in a clayey
style. This would indicate the hardcore (50 cm). matrix of a depth from 5 to 7 metres. Some
Gated access to the west appears to be con- areas were used as asbestos handling ar-
nected but this would be subject to further in- Stiff grey brown clay with timber. Pottery ceram- eas though no asbestos was detected.
vestigation. ics and bone (brown sandy clay). Soil conditions
As stated previously, as the site to the west is are likely to be very variable with soft material in
uninhabited and assuming that gated entrance the upper layers and high ground water tables.
is belonging to the site ,I don’t foresee any is- meaning that high ground water levels are likely.
sues over the rights of easement of light within
proposed structures. Research has not yielded an exact timeline of
when the area around our site was claimed but
it is likely that would have been around the early
half of the 20th century but would have probably
have fallen within the timeline below of what
would have been used in the land fill process.

1930 – 1946 Older fill which was dumped to

reclaim ,This was composed of domestic waste,
organic material, building rubble, pottery, glass,
Foundations Structure:
3 typical foundation types for ASTs . Each type 6 above ground storage tanks. (AST’s)
is suitable for differing conditions and different Two of the tanks currently housing
size of tank under different conditions . petroleum and 4 storing Ethanol.

3.Reinforced Concrete Slab with Piles

The most expensive foundation type of the Total Site Area = 9180 m2
three, A pile foundation going through Rein-
forced concrete slab this type of foundation
1 .Earth Foundations with a Crushed stone
would be necessary where soil bearing pres- Tank 1: Height = 14m
Ring-wall
sures are very low or when the level of under- Diameter = 50m
Used for large diameter tanks such as tank 1
ground water is high . Foot Print = 1963.5m2
(being 50 metres in diameter). While economi-
Total Area = 29452.5 m3
cal, it is more suited to tanks that don’t need to
Tank 2: Height = 13m
be anchored ,it is difficult to construct a flat level
Diameter = 15m
plane of the bottom of the shell of the tank. It is
Foot Print = 177m2
also runs the risk of catastrophic failure of the
Total Area = 2478 m3
bottom if a leak starts and washes out the un-
Tank 3: Height = 13m
derlying support.
Diameter = 15m
Foot Print = 177m2
Total Area = 2478m3
Tank 4: Height = 13m
Diameter = 10m
Foot Print = 78.5m2
Total Area = 1099 m3
Tank 5: Height = 13m
Diameter = 18m
Foot Print = 254m2
Total Area = 3560 m3
2.Earth Foundations with a Concrete Ring-wall
Tank 6: Height = 13m
While more expensive, this second type of foun-
Diameter = 15m
dation allows very good levelling of the periph-
Foot Print = 177m2
ery of the bottom of the shell which is positioned
Total Area = 2478 m3
on it. It can be used where high foundation uplift
forces are encountered resulting from internal
pressure or wind/seismic loading to provide for
anchorage. Although this would only be suitable
for small to medium diameter tanks such as
tanks 2-6.
Construction.

Shell
Typical construction of similar tank design uses
mild-quality carbon steel. For corrosive servic-
es, a suitable corrosion allowance is added to m
the thickness of the structure Maximum width of
plates can be up to up to 50mm thick depend-
ing on the type of product, density of liquid and
height to diameter ratios.
Constructed in courses. Approximate dimen-
sions of plate would be 2m x 4.5m in an arcs of
30 degrees.
Although designed structurally to with stand lat-
eral internal and external lateral forces it would
have also have good downward resistance to
take at least support a snow loading on its roof.

Roof
Roof types for AST differ from a floating roof
which sits on top of the contents of the tank or
a vertically supported fixed-roof tank consisting
of a cylindrical metal shell with a permanently
attached roof that can be flat, conical or dome
shaped.
History be carried out. The South and East walls were
extended and the North wall now known as the
The River Liffey as a port estuary has been North Bull was constructed. Again the works
in use for thousands of years but would have
changed little until the early 1800’s when rede- carried out at this time were considered cutting
velopment was necessary to solve the problems edge engineering for its time in the whole of m
facing large vessels, being about 100 tons dead Europe.
weight that had to lie in the mud at low tide.
At the turn of the twentieth century up until th
First major restructuring of the port was com- late 1940’s considerable works were carried out
pleted in 1786 under the supervision of the Bal- .The channel was dredged to a depth of 20 feet
last Board, a committee of Dublin Corporation to from the bay to the City and considerable im-
over-see the development and maintenance of provements were affected to the port, especially
the port. with the construction of the South Wall in the construction of Alexandra Quay and in
now known as the South Bull ,it’s function being land reclamation and the provision of plant, i.e.,
to contain the river at low tide in a well-defined electric portal cranes,electric lighting and the
deep channel to try and prevent the shifting provision of a 100-ton crane. Which is probably
sands from the south fouling up the approach to when the site on Tolka Quay road would have
the Liffey at the centre of the port. been formed. John Rocque Map 1800’s

The South Wall runs from a point west of where

O'Connell Bridge now stands to the Poolbeg
Lighthouse, a distance of about 5.5 miles. This
was a work of vast proportions and was said to
be one of the largest feats of engineering for its
time.

This did not solve the silting problem and in

1800 Captain William Bligh, infamous from the
tales of the Bounty, surveyed Dublin Bay in a
bid to find a solution .The remedy was to build
a second causeway, the north Bull wall, north
of the river mouth and thus cause the restricted
Liffey estuary to flush down to open sea shifting
all drifting sand in its path.

In the 1860’s, it was decided by the Dublin Port

and Docks board, who preceded the Ballast
Board, that, with the size of modern vessels
ever increasing, and to make Dublin Port better Site overlay over map
accessible and keep it as the main hub of sea
traffic in Ireland. Further works would need to
Over the latter half of the 20th century Dublin Port or the development of the
Port has being expanding at a phenomenal rate proposed Bremore Port or some equiva-
as Irelands economic and trade demands have lent facility to provide additional
increased. capacity for the Irish economy;

In 1972 The Dublin Port & Docks Board long Both Dublin Ports’ proposed 21h develop- m
term plan was to infill 2870 acres leaving no ment and the development of new
Sandymount or Merrion Strand and no sea in port capacity such as the proposed Bre-
Clontarf. In the midst of public outcry this plan more Port would have positive net
disappeared. present values;

This is still an ongoing dispute between Dublin Nothing should be done at a policy level to
Port and local residents and lobbyists with Dub- block either the proposed
lin Port still attempting to increase the size of it’s expansion of Dublin Port or the proposed
lands by proposing a project that would involve development of Bremore at this
reclaiming 52 Acres of land from the Bay. stage;
Aerial Photograph of Dublin Port 1958
The proposals for the development of Bre-
In the National development plan 2007 – 2013 it more and Greenore and other ports
was proposed under the Sub Ports Programme, combined with the continuation of Dublin
to undertake a comprehensive study of the role Port would have a higher net
of Dublin Port, taking account of locational con- economic benefit than the complete clo-
siderations, in the context of overall ports policy sure of Dublin Port;
on the island of Ireland, wider transport policy,
urban development policy, the National Spatial The scenario involving a potential closure
Strategy and national economic policy. of Dublin Port would have city wide
sustainability benefits but these would not
In July 2009 the Dublin Port National Develop- justify the additional cost involved;
ment Plan Study Report prepared for and
the Department of Transport concluded;
Consideration must be given to the timing
The level of port capacity requirements will be of costs and benefits and who
influenced by economic growth would pay for capital expenditures and the
and by developments in consumer expenditure; long timescale required for
implementing a scenario involving the clo-
There is potential to improve the capacity utili- sure of Dublin Port.
sation of ports in Ireland and
this should be pursued as a priority;

There is a need to develop additional port ca-

pacity in Ireland by 2025 – 2030
and this would require the expansion of Dublin
Cultural: Reserve designation in 1988, under the 1976
The existing site and it’s immediate surrounds
have no cultural merits, although there are a Wildlife Act, an Establishment Order which ap-
number of protected structures further along the plies to the foreshore and sub-littoral areas in
peninsula including terraced residential prop- State ownership around the island, including the
erties along Pigeon House Road, the Pigeon lagoons and Dollymount Strand, and with the m
House Hotel, Pigeon House Power Station, the seaward boundary defined by a line between
former St. Catherine’s Hospital. the tip of the North Bull Wall and Sutton Martello
Tower, the Tolka Estuary and in South Dublin
A number of recorded archaeological features Bay.
are located within the peninsula including the
Great South Wall and the remnants of Pigeon
House Fort.

There are also known shipwrecks surrounding

the bay listed in the Department of the Environ-
ments Underwater Archaeological Unit’s Ship-
wreck Inventory.

There are two conservation areas within the

peninsula at Pigeon House Dock area and
the eastern edge of the peninsula towards the
South Wall Lighthouse.

Environmental:

Dublin Bay is a Special Protection Area (SPA),

under the Birds Directive 79/409/EU, for the
purpose of protecting the habitat and preventing
excessive disturbance to internationally impor-
tant numbers of waterfowl. This designation
applies to the area enclosed by a line joining
the seaward tip of the North Bull Wall to Sutton
Martello Tower, the coast road and North Bull
Wall, thus including the lagoons, Bull Island and
Dollymount Strand. Further areas of intertidal
sand and mudflats have been designated more
recently in the Tolka Estuary and in South Dub-
lin Bay

The Bay was also declared a National Nature

 Statutory The primary uses in these areas are those which viewed every five years.
result in a standard of amenity which would not be Article 12 Land-use planning
acceptable in other areas. They can unavoidably 1. Member States shall ensure that the objec-
cause ‘bad neighbour’ problems due to the genera- tives of preventing major accidents and
tion of disamenities such as noise, smells, heavy limiting the consequences of such accidents
goods traffic etc.. Activities include industry, other are taken into account in their land use m
than light industry, manufacturing repairs, open policies and/or other relevant policies. They
storage, waste material treatment, transport oper- shall pursue those objectives through
ating services. These areas require a measure of controls on : the siting of a new establishment,
protection from other non-compatible ‘clean’ uses b. modifications to existing establishments new
as this can result in conflict and limit the expan- developments such as transport links, loca-
sion of the primary use in the area. In particular, tions frequented by the public and residential
activities that fall within the scope of the SEVESO areas in the vicinity of existing establishments,
II (COMAH) Regulations should only be permitted where the siting or developments are such as
on lands zoned Objective Z7and Z7A and the ex- to increase the risk or consequences of a ma-
pansion of such facilities may be impacted by the jor accident.
requirement to protect surrounding land uses. and c.
planning would be required for a material change of Member States shall ensure that their land-use
use of the site. and/or other relevant policies and the
procedures for implementing those policies
SEVESO take account of the need, in the long term, to
The site is also a SEVESO establishment which maintain appropriate distances between estab-
falls under COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 96/82/EC on the lishments covered by this Directive and
control of major-accident hazards involving danger- residential areas, areas of public use and ar-
ous eas of particular natural sensitivity or
substances. Which would have wider implications interest, and, in the case of existing establish-
to the normal planning procedure. ments, of the need for additional technical
measures so as not to increase the risks to
Article 1 Aim people.
This Directive is aimed at the prevention of major
accidents which involve dangerous 2. Member States shall ensure that all compe-
substances, and the limitation of their consequenc- tent authorities and planning authorities
es for man and the environment, with a responsible for decisions in this area set up
view to ensuring high levels of protection through- appropriate consultation procedures to
Dublin City Development Plan (To provide for the
out the Community in a consistent and facilitate implementation of the policies.. The
protection and creation of industrial uses and facili-
effective manner.The Directive shall apply to estab- procedures
tate opportunities for employment creation.)
lishments where dangerous substances are pre- shall be designed to ensure that technical ad-
14.4.7 of the National development plan
sent. vice on the risks arising from the
2007 –2013
Under article 9.3 of this directive a safety report establishment is available, either on a case-by-
must be provided for new establishments prior to case or on a generic basis, when
the start of construction or of operation, and re decisions are taken.
The site is currently Zoned as Z7 under the
Permissible Uses Open for Consideration Uses Fire safety Certificate:
ATM, Betting office, Boarding kennel, Car park, Advertisement and advertising structures, The proposed structures and its facilities
Chemical processing and storage, Childcare Amusement/leisure complex, will come under differing usage groups
facility, Civic and amenity recycling centre, Bed and breakfast, listed in Technical Guidance Document B.
Enterprise centre, Garage (motor repair, ser- Buildings for the health, safety and welfare of The following areas will be grouped as ,
vice), the public, m
General industrial uses, Heavy vehicle park, Car trading, Community facility, Office Areas Group 3 - Offices
Household fuel depot, Industry (light), Cultural/recreational building and uses, Retail Space Group 4(a) Shops
Incinerator/Waste to energy plant, Factory shop, Guest house, Hotel, Media re- Storage Areas Group 7 Storage
Open space, cording and The Museum and exhibition spaces,
Outdoor poster advertising, Park and ride facil- general media associated uses, Nightclub, Restaurant and Coffee Shop
ity, Place of public worship, Group 5 - Place of Assembly and Recrea-
Petrol station, Port related industries and Restaurant, tion
facilities, Public house, Public service installa- Science and technology-based industry,
tion, Takeaway. and will require a Fire safety certificate
Scrap yard, Storage depot (open), Support of- under the Building control act 1990 and
fice ancillary to primary use, Transfer station, in accordance with Buildings regulations
Transport depot, Warehousing satisfying Sections B1-B5 .

B1 Means of escape in case of fire

B2 Internal fire spread (linings)
B3 Internal fire spread (structure)
B4 External fire spread
B5 Access and facilities for the fire ser-
vice

The fee is €2.90 per square metre of

floor area (for the part of the building
which the Fire Safety Certificate Applica-
tion relates to).
The minimum fee is €125 and the maxi-
mum fee is €12500 regardless of floor
area. In this situation the maximum fee
will apply.
 m

Science Museum Dublin

Chicago Museum Science Technology The Science Gallery Trinity College Dublin

Theoretical research,
Introduction:
In this precedent study I have elected to
examine 3 facilities as Science and Tech-
nology museums. The Chicago Museum of
Science and Industry, The Irish Museum of
Science and Technology, and The Science
Gallery also located in Dublin. The reason-
ing behind my choice was because the
Chicago STI is considered one to be one
of the largest and best examples of a Sci-
ence Museum in the World, The Irish STI
because it is what is available to the public
in this country under the banner of Sci-
ence and Technology. The Science Gallery
located at Trinity College because of its
Landschaftspark Duisburg-Nord unique approach to the subject .
Zeeburgereiland Sewage Silos Amsterdam
Precedent Study 1. Chicago Museum of the New World, and opened the same year. The It is located approximately eight miles from
Science and Industry, original design is said to be of a Greek-inspired Downtown Chicago and is well serviced by
Beaux Arts theme (neo classical) that includes Public Transport, fed by four Bus routes
Location: Chicago, Illinois, Area: 37160 sq. m. three pavilions and Ionic order columns. It was and two Rail networks.
Completion: 1935 constructed with a brick substructure under a
plaster facade. It opens 364 days of the year only closing m
on Christmas day.
Admission to the Museum is by fee with
other fees applying to other visiting exhibits
that help fund their installation and mainte-
nance cost. It does have some “free days”
during the year.

The museum stretches over 14 acres,

this including exterior exhibits and lands.
And the interior exhibition space is 37160
square metres divided into four parts on
three levels.

Chicago's Museum of Science and Industry, is

considered to be one of the largest science mu-
seums in the world, it houses more than 35,000
artefacts and has been in operation since 1933
and has seen more than 175 million guests in
its 75 years .In 2009 it had over 1.6million visi-
tors with more than 266,000 children in school
groups.
After the World's Fair, it initially housed the Co-
lumbian museum, which evolved into the field
museum of natural history. When a new field
museum building opened, the museum organi-
zation moved and the former site was left va- Mission Statement:
cant falling to ruin.
It’s mission is, to inspire and motivate chil-
During its conversion into the MSI, the building's dren to achieve their full potential in the
exterior was re-cast in limestone, retaining its fields of science, technology, engineering
1893 look, while the interior was replaced with and medicine. In addition to interactive
It was designed by Charles B. Atwood and built a new one in Art Moderne/Deco style designed exhibits, the Museum's centre for the ad-
in 1893 as The Palace of Fine Arts constructed by Alfred P. Shaw. The building has seen more vancement of science education is con-
for the world's Columbian exposition, also called recent refurbishments mostly in an effort to pre- tinually developing and facilitating student
the Chicago world's fair to celebrate the 400th serve the one hundred year old plus structure. learning, this is achieved by implementing
anniversary of Christopher Columbus's arrival in programs that enhances subject matter in
line with Chicago schools educational curricu- permanent feature since 1933. It is a nar-
lum. rated ride to the bottom of a mine shaft
It also provides after-school science clubs, where the visitor experiences the evolution
teen volunteer programs, teacher development of technology used in mining coal, and ex-
classes and community outreach, all ways in periences first-hand the work environment
which the museum seeks to make science of the U.S. mining industry. m
come alive for children of all ages. This includes
providing hands-on programs called Learning Baby Chick Hatchery:
Labs to over 18,000 students each school year. At the Baby Chick Hatchery—the visitor
can watch as chicks peck out of their shells
Approximately 1,000 teachers each year are and take their first steps. Fertilized eggs
served through professional development activi- are placed in an incubator each day! The
ties. hatchery illustrates animal development
About 500 teens have learned about sci- YOU! The Experience: and answers questions like, “what is a fer-
ence and provided experiments to MSI guests This exhibit brings the elements of the human tile egg?” and “how can you tell if a chick is
through our Science Minors and Science body in an interactive exhibit examining the ex- male or female?”
Achievers youth development programs. perience of life and the connection between the
The museum and Illinois Institute of Technology human mind, body and spirit in the 21st cen- On view are also cloned mice, and the user
also offer a series of courses that allow teach- tury. There are over 50 interactive experiences can find out how and why scientists are
ers to earn a Master of Science Education de- throughout the space, including cutting edge studying cloning.
gree or a middle-school science endorsement. medical technology with immersive hands-on You can also learn how genetic engineer-
A videoconferencing program, which allow programs. ing makes frogs’ eyes glow and how sci-
students to interact with a surgical team dur- entists are using this to study how the eye
ing real-time, open-heart surgery, has reached Science Storms: develops.
more than 14,000 students since its inception in Reveals the science behind seven natural phe-
2003. nomena, lightening, fire, tornados, avalanches, Learn about DNA from a real strand of
tsunamis, sunlight and atoms in motion. This President Abraham Lincoln’s hair and
The museum hosts both permanent exhibits, exhibit invites Investigation into the basic scien- study your own hair up-close, and learn the
some which have been present since it’s crea- tific principles behind nature's power, as there role they play in genetic diseases and DNA
tion, and temporary exhibitions as well as pro- are more than 50 experiments. fingerprinting.
viding space for private corporate events as well
as parties and even weddings.
The Great Train Story:
The Great Train Story is a model railroad
Permanent Exhibitions: with more than 30 trains running on 600
metres of track, with various interactive
U-505 Submarine: stations
On the lower level of the building is housed an
U-505 submarine exhibit in an area 3200 me- Toy-maker 3000:
tres square, which is an interactive exhibit fo- Coal Mine: Toy-maker 3000 is an exhibit that goes
cussing on the sub as well it’s history and cap- The Coal Mine was the first interactive experi- through the entire manufacturing process
ture. ence featured at the Museum, and has been a
of creating a toy. The exhibit consists of eight tion, centre of gravity and streamlining. master bedroom that serves as a retreat,
interactive stations, with twelve moving robots, a whimsical nursery/playroom and a func-
and a 70-metre square automated assembly Farm Tech: tional home office—all of which keep in
line that can assemble 300 toy tops per hour! At Farm Tech the users explore the newest mind natural elements and harmony with
innovations that farmers use from all over the the earth. The design features soft, organic
world. textures and colours fused with a contem- m
Highlights of the exhibit let the user experience porary style.
new robotic milking technology, teaches how
farmers turn manure into power; steer a trac- The Idea Factory
tor and combine, and demonstrates how GPS Children can explore the attributes of four
plays and important role in today’s farms. basic objects: cube, sphere, tetrahedron
and cylinder. Using these objects, they
Take Flight: experiment and test their own theories
An exploration of inner and outer workings of about the fundamentals of construction,
Earth Revealed: an actual United Airlines Boeing 727 teaching simple machines, light, colour, magnetism,
A 2 metre in diameter, solid carbon fibre globe about the technology that shapes commercial balance, air and water. For example, kids
dramatically suspended among computers and aviation. There are numerous hands-on activi- aged three to five years can explore the
video projectors, loaded with data sets from the ties, interactive displays and experiences, in- effect of differently shaped wheels on the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Adminis- cluding real United Airlines pilots that volunteer speed and flow of movement and how air
tration and NASA. The technology transforms in the exhibit, talking to guests about the plane, pressure affects the flow of bubbles.
the sphere into a dynamic, revolving globe that flying and aviation careers. An interactive crane encourages children
demonstrates the Earth as a living system. to use hand-eye coordination to retrieve
and move objects with an electromagnetic
The Colleen Moore Fairy Castle: crane. Children aged 6-10 years can use
An elaborate, miniature house that, was created a crane to lift heavier objects remotely and
by silent film star Colleen Moore in the 1930s, determine how weight affects distribution of
and, donated to the Museum of Science and balance. They can also observe the differ-
Industry in 1949. ent ways to manipulate white light versus
It includes murals and paintings painted by Walt laser light using prisms, lenses and mir-
Disney himself; chandeliers adorned with real rors.
diamonds, emeralds and pearls; the tiniest bible The water spectacle contains 3,300 gallons
ever to be written, dating back to 1840; and an- of water and invites children to build and
cient statues more than 2,000 years old. navigate their own boats, discover how wa-
ter moves objects and help set off the great
Pioneer Zephyr: geyser—an enormous water spray that is
A 20-minute computer interactive that allows The Smart Home: Green + Wired triggered by manipulation of hand and foot
you to "drive" the Pioneer Zephyr train in which controls.
the user explores the baggage, smoking, pas- A fully-functioning, eco-friendly home on the
senger and observation compartments. You can Museum’s grounds, The home is redesigned to Fast Forward:
also view the engineer’s cab,. There are also reflect the lifestyle of a couple looking to mini- Fast Forward is an immersive multimedia
science interactives, such as demonstrations on mize home maintenance, maximize efficiency. exploration of how future lives are being
diesel-electric transmissions, compression igni Emphasized are spaces for entertaining, a shaped today. This exhibit spotlights some
of today’s visionaries working toward a limitless, With the help of interactive walls, its aim is The museums website states that all
sustainable future. to make the user feel as though they are im- “reasonable efforts have been made to
From cuisine made by ink-jet printers, to urban mersed in the superhighway traffic of the Inter- eliminate or mitigate existing barriers to ac-
high-rise farming, to instant-messaged hugs net as they go from station to station. You can cessibility within the historic Museum build-
you can feel. The user can add their own visual create your own avatar to guide you to exhibit ings, and reasonable accommodations are
ideas to interactive displays. Live Internet news stations to learn about the foundation of the made for disabled guests when physical m
feeds about invention and technology show the Internet’s technology, which includes bits, band- conditions would otherwise prevent them
future of innovation as it takes shape. width and packet switching. from full access to a museum exhibit or
program”.
Climate matters: Live Educational demonstrations. It also provides complimentary wheelchairs
Climate Matters demonstrates how the changes The museum has a serious of programmes that available at both entrances
that climate disruption is creating in the Earth’s are live demonstrations in the fields of phys-
oceans, landmasses, atmosphere and global ics chemistry and biology, where you can be a Other facilities include
ecosystems and, explores two complementary doctor in a unique experience featuring “I-Stan”, Strollers
perspectives on climate disruption. a Human Patient Simulator. Learn how to take A lost and found facility
One gallery takes a global view, focusing on the vital signs and check your own.! ATM/Cash Stations
information scientists are using to understand You can also learn about vision and the work- Vending Machines.
the impacts climate disruption is already having ings of the eye by dissecting your very own cow
on the planet. eyeball in a 30-minute session. Building Services:
Another gallery brings the topic home with a When one considers the size of such a
special focus on Chicago. From green roofs, to Other Areas include, building and the volume of exhibits through
promoting alternative transportation to imple- A five story Omni-max theatre out that would consume energy and natural
menting the Chicago Climate Action Plan. resources such as power for artificial task
Nine learning lab areas for special educational lighting as well as high wattage exhibition
Ships through the ages: programming lighting, energy usage would be a major
Ships through the Ages is a collection of au- consideration along with water use in the
thentic ship models ranging from reproductions An 800-seat auditorium and two smaller theatre museum not only used domestically, but
of the first sea craft that dared to sail the ocean spaces. also for usage in some exhibits too.. As
nearly 5,000 years ago to luxury liners of the well as this, because of Chicago’s extreme
mid-1900s. The exhibit features models of ap- Facilities: climate with very hot summers and bitterly
proximately 50 famous ships that were used for A restaurant, cold winters, and its lakeside setting only
war, passenger transportation and distribution. A coffee shop, slightly moderating the temperatures and
An ice cream parlour. adding some humidity to the atmosphere,
Yesterdays Main Street: 4 gift shops Air conditioning through out the museum
Yesterday’s Main Street transports the user The museum has a total of 6 restroom facilities would also be a major factor.
back to the beginning of the 20th Century and around the building with at least one on each In addressing these issues sustainably.
allows them to see what Chicago would have floor.
looked like in 1910. Light & Heat.
Accessibility: A 1.75 MW cogeneration system was de-
Net World. The Museum's two primary guest entrances are signed to provide up to 80 percent of the
Contains over 30 computers, 25 projectors and wheelchair accessible, and elevators and ramps museum’s heat, hot water and electricity.
various other systems all running at once. serve all public areas within the building.
 Feedback:
Cogeneration involves the production of facility replaced manual 3.5 gpf water closets Feed back from visitors has been positive
two forms of power, usually electricity and with sensor-operated 1.6 gpf water closets, with it receiving 4 out of 5 points.*
heat, from a single source of fuel; in this
case, natural gas. The chief benefits are high manual 1.5 gpf urinals with water-free urinals Comments from visitors to the museum
efficiency upwards of 90 percent and significant and manual metering faucets operating at 0.25 reported
savings on overall energy expenditures. gallons-per-use with sensor-activated 0.5 gpm No problems with identifying and reading m
faucets, green water closets, water-free urinals signage,
and sensor-activated faucets. Ample places to sit through out the build-
ing.
Ample amount of toilet facilities, that are
well maintained.

Negative comments include noise prob-

lems through out, especially when large
groups of school children are in attend-
By generating electricity on-site and using the ance.
waste heat from the engine that drives the gen- Temperature control problems within the
erator, the museum produces electricity for light- building, being cold and hot in the wrong
ing, steam for space heating and cooling, and areas.
domestic hot water. As well as disappointment that you arrive
Annual savings for the cogeneration installation at the museum via an entrance through the
were initially projected to be about $200,000. In car park and not one of the museum's best
addition, heat from the cogeneration plant uses assets, its main entrance.
the waste heat from the engine to heat domestic The water closet and faucet updates alone have Other commentators felt it was more
hot water. When the air conditioning is on during reduced water usage by approximately 800,000 geared towards children .
the summer months, the main use of the waste gallons each year. Installing the water-free uri-
heat output is to run a desiccant dehumidifier. nals, as well as a graywater system that recov- Conclusion:
The conversion boiler puts out so much steam ers lavatory water to flush some of the water The Chicago Museum of Science and
that it is routed into the existing boiler header closets, saves the museum another 250,000 Industry appears to be quite the example
to heat much of the building in the spring and gallons of water annually. Together, the water- of a museum whatever its subject matter. It
autumn. efficiency systems save almost 1.1 million gal- covers the vast areas of science and tech-
lons each year. nology with a differing array of subjects,
Water usage. In terms of operation, traffic sensors at the door with the intention of making the experience
As well as intelligent toilet systems, Graywa- to each restroom count how many people enter. as enjoyable as possible.
ter is the primary source of water for 14 of the Infrared sensors located at each water closet In it’s 75 years of experience it seems to
50 toilets in restrooms and saves the museum and water-free urinal aid in restroom monitor- understand it’s audience and fulfils it’s goal
250,000 gallons of water annually, with a net ing. This is particularly helpful in ensuring that of being wholly interactive by not only be-
housekeeping replaces the water-free urinal ing a place of entertainment but also an
worked, software-based water-control system in cartridges before they are depleted the system institution with very high learning poten-
three restrooms. Water savings began when the issues a warning when a urinal comes within tial through it’s commitment to education
museum installed low-consumption fixtures in about 100 uses of expiration. whether it is for children or adults.
place of older fixtures using more water. The *Feed back from Trip advisor.com
Precedent Study 2. It is aimed at young adults, 15 years and
The Science Gallery: over, it attempts to engage through an
active programme of exhibitions, public
Location: Dublin Area: 1,600 sq. m. experiments and events to help them dis-
Completion: 2008 cover, express and pursue their passion for
science. Exhibitions typically feature hands m
The Science Gallery shares a building oc- on visitor participation.
cupying an irregular shaped plot bounded by
an elevated railway line, part of the Naughton The building is divided up into 4 open gal-
Institute which contains research labs and a lery spaces a Theatre and 2 studios
sports centre for the use of students within the It is well equipped with state-of-the art
college. The entire building is a five-story-over- audio-visual systems including point-to-
basement structure, with research labs and point video conferencing facilities through-
the (CRANN) Centre for Research on Adaptive out the different spaces and galleries, with
Nano-structures and Nano-devices building, wi-fi and catering facilities.
specialist in nano-science research buildings.
The Science Gallery occupies two floors of flex- elsewhere in the building, people become liter-
ible exhibition spaces. ally involved with science. The Science Gallery
has also developed a ‘Science and Technology
The fully glazed two-storey facade of the Sci- in Society’ course for students in arts, humani-
ence Gallery constitutes a highly visible and ties and science disciplines to explore science’s
inviting 'shop window' at street level. Contem- interaction with society through practical exam-
porary furniture by designers including Phillipe ples and project work culminating in a year-end
Starck, is fully mobile and re-configurable to public exhibit.
accommodate the flexible nature of the internal
spaces. A target of 50,000 visitors was set for the Gal-
lery's first year — in reality more than 120,000
The buildings scheme also features highly people visited. The Gallery is working towards
flexible display spaces, as well as a cafe and being the central interface engaging the public
150-person lecture theatre, which allow the Gal- with science when Dublin is the European City
lery to display a wide range of exhibition materi- of Science in 2012.The Science Gallery has Theatre
al and encourage public interaction while raising been nominated for the 2010 European Muse- The theatre is a tiered 144 seater, fully
general awareness of the College's commitment um of the Year Award. equipped venue used for lectures, award
to science and technology. It has previously hosted exhibitions on themes ceremonies, debates, panel discussions
The Science Gallery, is considered to be the ranging from light to the science of fashion, and symposia. The theatre is fitted with
first facility of its kind in the world, it is a new public experiments, challenges, festivals, de- state of the art AV equipment with cinema
type of venue for public engagement where bates and workshops. It is funded by the Arts quality surround sound and a 24 ft screen.
ideas meet and opinions collide by fusing art council and Department of Culture and Heritage
alongside technology to showcase science, art also receiving funding from private investment Studios:
and innovation. including Dell, Dimplex. Admission to the gallery The studios are used for meetings, poster
The Gallery's design allows for direct integration is free. sessions, break-out sessions and work-
with the actual scientific research taking place shops.
 During my visit the Exhibition was a “Green” Although it is mostly of glass it appears is
themed installation “Green Machine”. Most of well
the exhibits on display occupied no more than
ten to fifteen metres square. Exhibitions and acoustically treated and noise from within
how they are organised and laid out must take is limited. Although North facing the gal-
some serious consideration to maximize the lery receives a good amount of daylight m
space and how the exhibit is experienced but and does not need to depend to much
succeeds in this case resulting in such an inti- on artificial light although some lighting is
mate environment inviting users to interact and used mainly for high lighting rather than
discuss what is taking place in a relaxed and as a necessity.
social manner.
Feedback :
Most visitors rated The Science Gallery
very highly, with comments ranging from
a very laid back approach to science, to
On first inspection a passer by would think it is outstanding idea for what some deem to
an open plan coffee shop. The gallery aims for be a very stuffy subject.
exploration of the interface between science,
technology and culture in a more relaxed and Conclusion.
sociable environment I enjoyed the time spent wandering
Because of size it has very limited scope for around the museum, and could see my-
installations therefore it does not house any self visiting , if only for some where differ-
permanent installations. The gallery seems to ent to have a coffee. It definitely wouldn’t
more aim at having themed events that take appeal to young children but I don’t trys
over the entire space, this includes workshops to target this audience. Although the sub-
and discussions distributed between the studios ject matter that was on display was quite
and theatre. interesting the gallery is limited by what
it’s subject is at any given time, if it’s not
something a user would be interested in
then I don’t think they would be inclined
to visit. Having such space constraints
does not allow it appeal to a more main-
stream audience with general looking for
a wider appeal on the subject.
Access throughout the building is good with
wheel chair access to the second floor is by lift.

Lighting is low voltage and is controlled by mo-

tion sensors in less busy areas coming on on
when entering.
 SCIENCE GALLERY SCIENCE GALLERY
FLOOR PLAN
Corporate Hire Space

PACCAR THEATRE: STUDIO 1: STUDIO 2: GALLERY 2:

144 seat, Tiered Theatre. AREA 700 sq ft (65 sq m) AREA 560 sq ft (52 sq m) AREA 855 sq ft (80 sq m)
AREA 1,730 ft (160.72 sq m)

1 2
O O
GALLERY 4 PACCAR THEATRE UDI DI
S T U
ST
GALLERY 2

GALLERY 3

PACCAR THEATRE

ENTRANCE INFO

CAFE

GALLERY 1

G
m
Precedent Study 3. Among the scientists whose work is being
Location: Dublin Area: 100 sqm. Completion: showcased in the room are John Holland, the
2009 Science Gallery at Dublin Wax Museum. inventor of the submarine; Ernest Walton, who
was involved in the splitting of the atom; Sir
Charles Parsons, the inventor of the steam
turbine; and John Tyndall, the man who discov- m
ered the impact of gases such as carbon-diox-
ide on the world’s temperatures.
Others include, Henry George Ferguson, who
revolutionised the farming industry by design-
ing and building a plough with a 3 point linkage
to the tractor. a design still widely used today. A
sample back end of a tractor is on view for all to
see.
appropriate as most of the works displayed
are pre 20th century.
An aside to this exhibition on the third floor
The science exhibit is part of the Dublin Wax is a reproduction of a recording studio, it
museums programme located on the second is complete with audio desk and racks of
floor in the old Armoury buildings on College equipment and effects. It gives a good in-
Green . It occupies two rooms over approxi- sight into how an audio room is laid out but
mately 100 metres square. Some of the exhib- would not engage a user for more than a
its are interactive experiments, and displays minute or two as there is no explanation as
of some of the greatest achievements of Irish to how it works or what the banks of ma-
Science. chines actually do. Adjacent to the studio
is a video green room, I think the idea of
this space is for the user to interact with an
screen dance performance and see your-
self displayed on a computer simu

The exhibition also includes experiments to

explain the work of some of the scientists and
examples of discoveries, there is a simulation of
a submarine periscope, a model of the world’s
first metropolitan rail line (designed by William
Dargan).

The displays are mostly miniature models with

the biography of the scientist and very wordy
descriptions of their work on graphics boards. It
is themed as a late 19th early 20th century mu-
seum space which one supposes would be
lated back ground. Again it appeared as an While the minister for education Batt O’Keeffe
aside to what was going on with no explanation lauded this exhibit on its launch as an inspira-
and giving no insight as to how the technology tion for the future of scientific education and
might work. discovery in Ireland. I do not believe this is how
Its location, although accessed by lift has nar- to achieve their aim. It is a history lesson rather
row circulation space and the corridors would than attempt to immerse people in what is pos- m
make navigation particularly difficult for a wheel- sible in the future of Science and would not be
chair user. inviting users back.
The way the exhibits are set up also make it
difficult for a wheel chair occupant to properly
reach and experience the exhibitt. The monitors
for video all face up to suit a standing position
and reaching to use the onscreen interface from
could also be a chore. Within its overall context
as another section within the museum and com-
pared to wax dummies, one could consider it as
an interactive display, but on its own as an ex-
ample of a science and technology museum it
is pretty poor compared to the other examples.
While it is probably aimed more at foreign tour-
ists to help promote Irelands science achieve-
ments as a history lesson, it doesn’t offer any
flexibility or would be a location for future show-
casing of modern scientific endeavours.
The direction of the rooms are south facing so
receives an good amount of daylight so does
not need to rely to much on artificial light al-
though the information are highlighted.
Feedback:
Visitors reaction to the museum as a whole
have been average while the Science and Tech-
nology gallery was not singled out for any spe-
cific mention. *
Conclusion:
In recent months multinationals have told the
Government that more work needed to be done
to encourage students to study maths and sci-
ence. While this exhibit might give a good ac-
count as to the past it would not be the vehicle
for giving a broad insight into what is generally
current or emerging in the field of science and
technology.
Building Precedent Study The scope of the project will involve rede-
veloping the silos into a climbing centre, a
Zeeburgereiland Sewage Silos Amsterdam. cultural centre and office space.
NL Architects: The cultural silo will house two theatres
Pieter Bannenberg, Walter van Dijk, Kamiel with dressing rooms and rehearsal spaces,
Klaasse, as well as workshops, and exhibition space m
and music studios.
The relocation of the sewage treatment plant in
the centre of Amsterdam sparked new develop- The second Silo will be the climbing cen-
ments in the area. This design won a competi- tre with a hotel, coffee shop and additional
tion to redevelop the silos in to usable structures function rooms and possibly even a church.
and prompt redevelopment of the area into a
publicly habitable environment.

The ideology behind this project is to create a

monumental substance in the projected urban
condition. In the midst of the mainly residential
development the silos will be reminiscent of their
industrial past.
The accumulation of these facilities is intended
to be an asset to the new neighbourhood and
create an intense Cultural micro climate. The
exterior will be re-modelled into a seemingly
Stretched and Twisted form to give an abstract
Sculptural quality.
m
Landschaftspark Duisburg-Nord The Blower House Lobby
A stimulating engineering scenery makes
Landschaftspark is a public park located in the Blower House Lobby an ideal choice
Duisburg Nord, Germany. for events organized for customers, small
It was designed in 1991 by Latz + Partner (Pe- company parties, receptions or press
ter Latz), influenced by de-constructivist philos- meetings. A platform with old machinery m
ophy with the intention that it works to heal and is used as a stage. The 150sq.m. room is
understand the industrial past, rather than trying often used together
to reject it. with the Pump House or the Compressor
House and the perfect location for events
The pairs of park/waste, process/product, and organized for some 40 to 120 people.
art/nature are inverted. Each term is switched, The four halls of the Blower House Complex,
where, waste becomes park, product becomes set in the unique surrounding of an industrial
process, and nature becomes art. These three heritage museum. Where concerts, theatrical The Cast House
types of recycling underlie the parks design. and dance performances, exhibitions, trade The cast house has an out door roofed
fairs, events, galas, product presentations, open stage.
air cinema with bars and a restaurant. The area is also used for cinematic events
as well as concerts and recitals. The stage
being located directly in front of the cold
blast furnace with a grandstand to seat one
thousand visitors, while two thirds of the
grandstand are out in the open.

The park closely associates itself with the past

use of the site: a coal and steel production plant
abandoned in 1985, leaving the area significant-
ly polluted and the agricultural land it had been The Engine House
prior to the mid 19th century. The Engine House, the former power house of
the mill. The 170m hall was transformed into a
Within the main complex there are specific pro- stage for anything from a government reception
grammatic elements: the concrete bunkers cre- or a rock concerts. The hall will hold up to 4,140
ate a space for a series of intimate gardens, old guests depending on the type of event.
gas tanks have become pools for scuba divers,
concrete walls are used by rock climbers, and The Pump House
one of the most central places of the factory, the The pump house has 330 sq.metres of indus-
middle of the former steel mill, has been made trial history converted into a setting for events,
into a piazza. small exhibitions or product launches which is
also a setting for gala dinners, with seating up
to 200 guests.
Sustainable Strategies: To maximize this natural resource and on occa- on the model, Although the waters off the
Lighting: sion when light levels are pretty poor the inte- Atlantic coastline of Ireland is a better site
Although some parts of the building will require gration of natural Lighting design techniques for wind farms. Typical models for single
a black box environment, such as the Plan- such as proper placement of instruments with usage can have an annual output of be-
etarium for the display to work, the emphasis intelligent sensor technology that will enable tween 15kW-30kW with voltages between
to other areas of the buildings will focus on switching, stepping, and dimming controls that 48V –300V.Size of a model similar to this m
maximizing day lighting. The site faces directly augment levels or decrease illumination de- specification would around 15 metres tall
north and will benefit from the full range of natu- pending on natural light levels, as well as man- with a rotor diameter of 9m. Although the
ral light so day lighting techniques would be aging rarely used areas that can be activated by aesthetic of such a machine is not pretty it
suitable to maximise natural light through out motion sensor when a user enters a predefined could be sited closer to the shore line.
the building where possible. Benefits will be to space range. Other methods for electrical production
significantly improve life-cycle cost, as well as could be the exploration Small Scale CHP
making for a more natural environment which Electrical/Mechanical: strategies co-generation also combined
shall help enliven spaces, as well as increas- A museum of this type displaying and exhibiting heat and power systems which can gener-
ing user productivity by users who inhabit the type of science and technology on an average ate both power and air conditioning.
building on a daily basis. Other benefits will be of 10-12 days and up to 350 days a year would
reducing emissions by eliminating the need for require a large reliable supply of electricity from Small Scale CHP is particularly suitable for
artificial light and electric consumption and re- lighting to domestic purposes as well as supply applications such as hotels, hospitals and
duce day to day operating costs. for running exhibits and the technology needed leisure centres, where there is a steady
This will be achieved by simply maximizing for such. demand for heat and power throughout the
glazing areas where possible. Supply could be generated from a diverse year. In small scale schemes the CHP unit
means such as photo-voltaic, wind, and wave consists of a reciprocating engine or micro-
power, as well as co-generation systems. turbine, which is mounted in an acoustic
Glazing Materials: A myth about PV systems in Ireland is that they enclosure. Heat exchangers recover heat
The simplest method to maximize daylight with- can’t be of any real benefit in our climate where from the engine exhaust gases and cooling
in a space is to increase the glazing area. we don’t as much sun as other locations closer system to produce hot water, which can be
Most of the window and door types will use to the southern hemisphere, even on partly integrated into the site services. The unit is
triple glazing in the unit. The third layer is so cloudy days, they can turn out as much as 80% normally designed to meet the site’s base
designed to resist extreme weather conditions, of their potential energy. Even on extremely heat and electrical power requirements.
which makes this type of window excellent in re- overcast days, they can still produce about 25% Peak heating demand can be supplied us-
gions where aspect and prevailing wind can be of their maximum output. The amount of PV ing high efficiency modular gas boilers to
an extreme; as well as being effective in sealing units required would be subject to calculation provide hot water, with additional electric-
the envelope; they also act as great conden- form an Electrical engineer to calculate power ity being imported from the national grid.
sation protection, as high indoor humidity can usage throughout the facility. A control system will allow the automatic
result in a build-up of toxic mould, both visible It would be envisaged that as an example a operation of the unit to meet the heat and
and indiscernible. wind generated tower would be Although this power demands of the site. The source for
could be considered as an artefact it will serve such a system could be either from a gas,
a useful purpose. “Pay their own way” so to or produced via bio fuels.
Other approaches would be a reliance on speak.
achieving high levels of reflectance on walls and At present Ireland has an installed wind power
ceilings where appropriate. capacity of 1260.4 megawatts. Single turbine
can generate between .5 and 2mw depending
Water management : off the surface of the collected greywater and Manage runoff flow rates, reducing the im-
Water shortage has been recognised as one allowing particles to settle to the bottom of the pact of urbanisation on flooding.
of the key issues facing many countries. For- tank. They aim to avoid odour and water quality Protect or enhance water quality.
tunately, there are relatively abundant water issues by ensuring that the treated greywater is Are sympathetic to the environmental set-
resources available in Ireland because of its not stored for an extended period. ting and the needs of the local community.
plenty of rainfall. However, Ireland will inevita- Basic physical/chemical systems Provide a habitat for wildlife in urban water- m
bly encounter water shortage in the future. The These systems use a filter to remove debris courses.
water consumption per capita per day in Ire- from the collected greywater prior to storage Encourage natural groundwater recharge
land is one of the highest in Europe. The water while chemical disinfectants (e.g. chlorine or (where appropriate).
demand is still increasing due to population bromine) are generally used to stop bacterial They do this by:
growth and higher standard of living. The use growth during storage. Dealing with runoff close to where the rain
of domestic rainwater harvesting and greywater Biological systems falls.
treatment systems has the potential to supply These systems use aerobic or anaerobic bac- Managing potential pollution at its source
nearly 94% of domestic water in Irish house- teria to digest any unwanted organic material in now and in the future.
holds. The utilisation of these systems can help the collected greywater. In the case of aerobic Protecting water resources from point pol-
take pressure off the centralised water supply to treatment, pumps or aquatic plants can be used lution (such as accidental spills) and diffuse
meet the increasing water demand. to aerate the water. sources.
Although Irelands water supply is still mainly Bio-mechanical systems They may also allow new development in
free of major pollutants Dublin bay is probably These systems, the most advanced for domes- areas where existing sewerage systems
the most stressed water way in Ireland with dis- tic greywater reuse, combine biological and are close to full capacity, thereby enabling
charge coming from agricultural sources as well physical treatment, e.g. removing organic mat- development within existing urban areas.
as a densely populated city. ter by microbial cultures and solid material by
On-site collection and use of greywater is an settlement. They encourage bacterial activity by A successful installation of such a system
alternative to public mains or private potable bubbling oxygen through the collected greywa- using a permeable paving surface has
water supply. Greywater has a variety of non- ter. been in operation over the last 5 years at
potable water uses in the toilets workplace and As there is proposed development stretching the Eco Village in Cloughjordan Co. Tipper-
garden. beyond the interior around the circulation ar- ary.
eas and covering the surrounding gardens and
Types of greywater systems: because of the sites location to the bay and with Permeable paving surfaces keep the pol-
Greywater systems vary significantly in their rain levels increasing at the moment, a sustain- lutants in place in the soil or other material
complexity and size, and can be grouped ac- able drainage management system for success- underlying the roadway, and allow water
cording to the type of filtration or treatment they fully discharging with rain water could be imple- seepage to groundwater recharge while
use, as follows. mented. preventing the stream erosion problems.
Direct reuse systems (no treatment) Drainage systems can be developed in line They capture the heavy metals that fall on
These systems use simple devices to collect with the ideals of sustainable development, by them, preventing them from washing down-
greywater from appliances and deliver it directly balancing the different issues that should be stream and accumulating inadvertently in
to the points of use, with no treatment and mini- influencing the design. Surface water drainage the environment.
mal, or no, storage, e.g. a greywater diverter methods that take account of quantity, qual-
valve. ity and amenity issues are collectively referred As well as managing waste water, Intelli-
Short retention systems to as Sustainable Drainage Systems (SUDS). gent water management systems can also
These systems apply a very basic filtration or These systems are more sustainable than con- help regulate the use of fresh water, using
treatment technique, such as skimming debris ventional drainage methods because they: sensor controlled technology. Other
technologies that could be utilised in toilets are Construction: The first is that cellulose completely fills
waterless urinals. cavities leaving few air pockets for sound
Materials: to travel in. The second is the cellulose ma-
Waste: Wood Types: All wood used would be of a co- terials ability to trap air. The significant dif-
The practice of waste minimisation and waste niferous variety such as Sitka spruce which is ference between noise reduction with cellu-
management shall be employed, using state commonly available and can be sourced lo- lose and fiberglass is its density. Cellulose m
of the art composting facilities to biologically cally as this is a sustainable natural resource is approximately three times denser then
decompose paper, cardboard, yard waste, and and requires relatively small amounts of energy fiberglass. This helps deaden the sound
food residue. There will be a recycling base to grow and process making it economical to through walls and between floor levels.
where different departments could gather seg- transport.
regated solid waste. Organic (compost-able) Hemp is a very versatile fibre that can be manu- Metals:
waste will first be composted, within and around factured into a variety of products that resemble Recycled metals for structural work are
the grounds where practical and safe. Waste wood including fibreboard, roofing tiles, insula- also commonly available in Ireland the
will be sorted, compacted or broken down tion, panelling and bricks. closer sourced to site the advantages of
and held for collection by municipal recycling Hemp-Crete is made up of a mixture of hemp lower emissions from transporting from
schemes or delivered to bring centres. hurds and lime, and is pumped in between a long distances. Steel is one of the most
Another innovative use for excess compost- standard timber-framed shutters successfully to recyclable materials. Steel is available from
able waste, is the removal to Glenstal Abbey, a a width of approximately 300mm. And can then scrap cars, electrical appliances, office fur-
Benedictine Monastery in County Limerick that plastered with lime. The end result is a wall that niture, industrial equipment etc. recycling
has been engaged in environmental projects is extremely vapour permeable as Hemp-Crete steel saves a lot of energy. It is much more
since the early 1990’s and makes extensive use doubles as a good insulator and moisture regu- energy efficient to use steel scrap to make
of vermiculture, (worm composting) producing lator. new steel than to mine the ore and then
vermin-compost. The environmental benefits of using lime mortar smelt it in a blast furnace. It takes about
are: 75% less energy to make steel from recy-
Vermi-compost is the product or process of It has a lower embodied energy input than Port- cled materials than it does from iron ore.
composting utilizing various species of worms, land Cement Between 50% an Most so called “Green steels” contain up to
creating the heterogeneous mixture of decom- 70% less energy than masonry mortar com- 40% of recycled steel.
posing vegetable or food waste, bedding ma- pared to a cement based one, and, one of its Other metals that could be considered for
terials, and pure vermin-cast produced during greatest advantages is its ability to act as a non structural works could be copper
the course of normal vermiculture operations binder of low energy. Many copper-containing building products
and this project will combine vermiculture and Insulation: have high recycled content—often exceed-
thermo-phillic (hot pile) composting to fulfil the Cellulose, made up of 80% post-consumer re- ing 80%. Perhaps more importantly, these
objectives for advanced and natural waste man- cycled newsprint. The fibre is chemically treated products are durable, have long life spans,
agement. with non-toxic borate compounds to resist fire, are low maintenance—requiring little repair
They have also recently completed a Wetland insects, and mould. It is an ideal insulation or replacement—and are readily reusable
System to treat domestic and agricultural waste method as it requires less energy than fibre- or recyclable.
products, and are now developing ways of con- glass to manufacture; Using up to 200 times Building applications for copper metals
verting solid wastes into energy and other re- less petro-energy than fibreglass to produce. range from the building envelope to the
sources. The qualities of cellulose while givng excellent equipment within the building. Copper is
U values can also save between 20 to 50 per- used in traditional roof and wall cladding,
cent on utility bills. flashing, gutters and downspouts, as well
Sound performance: as sunshades and passive solar walls
Finishes : All materials should be chosen that an end product doesn’t fair much better.
are non-toxic in manufacture, use and decay. From the impact it has on land, causing soil
This means a reduction in the use of PVC, tim- erosion, to the pollution when lands are cleared
ber preservatives, glues and other intrusive causing silt and soil to run into natural water-
substances, while natural finishes will be pre- ways turning them turbid, which restricts sun-
ferred. This would include Low VOC paints and light filtration and destroys aquatic life. m
adhesives used durng the construction phase. The energy demands it creates in the manu-
Low (VOC)Volatile Organic Compounds, are facture of its raw materials i.e. cement, timber
made from natural raw ingredients such as wa- usage and other materials used within; includ-
ter, plant oils and resins, plant dyes and essen- ing the pollution involving diesel and oil, paint,
tial oils; natural minerals such as clay, chalk and solvents, cleaners and other harmful chemicals;
talcum; milk casein, natural latex, bees' wax, the operation of machinery, burning, and work-
earth and mineral dyes. They give off almost ing with toxic materials and the amount of waste
no smell or in some types have a pleasant fra- generated.
grance of citrus or essential oils.
The construction industry is one of the largest
Management: waste producers in Ireland. The EU Commis-
At the back end of these technologies would be sion estimates that some 500m tonnes of this
a Building management computer system. As waste is produced annually in the Union. The
well being to regulate HVAC, levels as well as EPA’s National Waste Report (2005) estimates
electrical consumption and water management that 15 million tonnes of waste was generated
the benefits of this type of system would be the in 2005. Much of the increase was attributed
ability to monitor and keep record of how the to growth in the construction industry. (http://
building and it’s surrounds functions. It will be www.epa.ie/) while this number would be signifi-
able to give up to date information on what is cantly lower due to econoic circumstances good
performing and what needs careful attention. practice would dictate that this figure should not
reach the same levels again in the future.
At the very top of the chain of systems manage- Ways of combating this would include
ment will be Project during construction as well The embodied energy of materials should be
as proper managing of the facility after hand taken into consideration. This includes materials
over, Staff will need to be educated and tasked of a low-embodied energy, locally sourced la-
with certain responsibilities to enable this to bour skills and materials should be used where
succeed. As the building will be a showcase for possible, with minimum wastage. Construction
sustainability it has to be able to practice the waste will be minimised by dimensioning materi-
message that it preaches. Traffic and public als to reduce on-site cutting and reusing off-cuts
transport system incentives need to be put in where appropriate.
place staff as well as the visitor.

Project mangement for Construction stage:

Construction and the by products of the built en-
vironment amount to a very unsustainable way
of producing a product; and, it’s performance as
Client Brief The museum will also be a gateway for learning scaping to develop a natural in-let allow-
Project No. S4 - 10/11 by offering programmes of education through ing for access to the site from Dublin bay
live exhibitions as well as lectures and work- This would involve extending the site to
Date: November 2nd 2010 shops and by offering a friendly relaxed and the banks of the shoreline promoting boat
easily understandable approach to how it inter- ascess from North of the site at the existing
Project Leader: Stephen Dignam acts with it’s audience. Clontarf baths site. m

Client : If the museum can address the issues of energy A façade of will encircle but not completely
STI (Science & Technology Ireland) efficiency and sustainability and deliver a obscure the main tank
STI is an independent non profit organization clear understanding of these issues through Major Landscaping of the remaining site to
dedicated to the promotion of education and entertainment, it can have a far reaching facilitate gardens and allow boat access.
exploration in the fields of science and potential for energy consciousness and ecologi-
technology in the fields of Ecological Science, cal awareness. Site
within the Island of Ireland. Site no. 50 Tolka Quay rd. Dublin Port Co.
Description of works: Dublin
Objective: The proposed scope of works to the existing Existing Building: 6 Above Ground Storage
Using the building as an example, the museum site will include, the recycling of the 6 Above Tanks (AST) housing differing liquid energy
it’s self shall be a show case, for sustainable Ground Storage tanks (AST’s) for use as the products ranging from Petroleum to etha-
technologies featuring the most cutting edge shell of the museum and its ancillary buildings. nol.
sustainable innovation in use in modern build-
ings. The main AST will house most of the Museums Concepts.
exhibits. The concept will be based on the idea of
The aim of this project is to establish Irelands the living machine and how technology and
first dedicated Sustainable Science and Tech- The height of the tank of the will be extended to the mechanisms behind it having always
nology museum. create a glass dome that will house a restaurant being reliant on natural resources are only
bar with spectacular views overlooking Dublin changing the way it operates and the fuel it
The project aims to fulfill it’s role as a Museum Bay to the north as well as stunning sea views uses.
dedicated to the education of the general to the east as there would be no substantial
public by example in its design and operation obstacles.
and by becoming a symbol for local area
redevelopment for sustainability and ecological Tank 5 is being earmarked as a possible plan-
awareness. etarium or Imax cinematic theatre.

The approach shall be to engage it’s audience The other tanks will be split up to house storage
from ages ranging from young children to adult and workshop spaces as well as offices.
Its emphasis will be the focus on Ecologically
friendly and Sustainable technologies by subtly The Tanks will be joined by a network of bridges
engaging it’s audience through entertaining and at differing levels running between and around
amazing them with the technology available. the tanks and leading out into the gardens, the
This will be achieved by displaying how these idea being to give unrestricted non-linear flow of
new technologies relate to more identifiable and movement through the area
everyday themes . The remaining site will be given over for land
 Requirement Area m2 notes
m
Permanent exhibits 6800 40% Total based on Architects Handbook
Temporary exhibits 1836 18% Total based on Architects Handbook
Storage 1000 12% Total based on Architects Handbook
Workshops 500
Foyer 100
Entrance 20
Reception 40
Box Office 15
Toilets
Male 900 U1x 100/WHB-2-Panx2
Female 1000 Panx3 WHBx3 Baby Change
WWC 225 min 2.5mx2.5m
Cloakrooms 150 10% total users
Lecture Theatre 350 Partitioined for Conference facillities
Office Space 200 28 personnel
Plant/services 150
Retail 120
Storage 15
Restaurant 200 1.7-2.0m2 pp
Kitchen 60 30% of restaurant
Storage 15
Coffee shop 150
Store 10
Delivery in/out 50
Staff Areas 170
Staff dining 70 1.4m2 pp
Stair 740 minimum/1100mm wide
Emergency Stair 1080 min 3 x 1100mm wide
TOTAL 15966
 m

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AREA Floor area M2 Proposed Storeys Total Area M2

TANK 1  4 7000
TANK 2 177 3 530
TANK 3 177 3 530
TANK 4 78.5 1 78.5
TANK 5 255 3 510
TANK 6 177 3 530
TOTAL 2864.5 9700

Exterior Circulation 3155

Open Area 3200
 m

Tanks 2,3,6,
Including proposed floor heights
Scale 1:200
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Museum Project

STAGE 1- Project Inception 10 weeks

1 Accept Appointment from Client

2 Receive Brief from Client ZHHN
3 Survey Period ZHHNV
4 Review All Surveys ZHHN
5 Meet Client to for Consultation on Survey
6 Research Concept ZHHNV
7 Develop Concept Design ZHHNV
8 Deliver Deisgn for Client Consideration ZHHN
9 Client Sign Off

STAGE 2 - Scheme Design ZHHNV

10 Identify Consultants to conduct Survey ZHHN

11 Consultants conduct Survey ZHHNV
12 Assess Consultants Results ZHHN
13 Meet with client To review Syrveys
14 Pepare plan for Planning Permission Application ZHHNV
15 Assemble all Plans for submission to Planning Authourity ZHHN
16 Submit Documentation To Planning Authority ZHHNV
17 Planning Permission Period

Stage 3 - Detail Design ZHHNV

18 Develop Design, M&E , Landscape, Branding ZHHNV

19 Assess Consultants design ZHHN
20 Pass to Client for review ZHHN
21 Meet Client for Consultation
22 Complete FSC documetation ZHHN
23 Assemble documentation from Consultants ZHHN
24 Submit Fire safety cert Application ZHHNV

Stage 4 - Tender Design ZHHNV

25 Prepare Tender design drawings ZHHNV

26 Forward Tender Design Drawings to Quantitiy Surveyor ZHHNV
27 Assess QS recommendations ZHHN
28 Pass Tender Design drawings To Client For review ZHHN
29 Client Sign Off
30 Submit Tenders ZHHNV
31 Review Tenders ZHHN
32 3DVV7HQGHUVWR&OLHQWIRUUHYLHZ ZHHN
33 Meet Client to discuss Tender ZHHN
34 &OLHQW6LJQ2II ZHHN
35 1RPLQDWH&RQWUDFWRUV
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