Astm D6344-98 PDF
Astm D6344-98 PDF
Astm D6344-98 PDF
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D 6344 – 98 (2003)
FIG. 3 Pendulum
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D 6344 – 98 (2003)
vertical faces and top. Smaller packages may be subjected to the cylindrical mass, using either guided free fall or non-guided
impacts on any face because of varying shipping orientations in free fall, such that the mass impacts the previously identified
distribution. location on the package face.
8.2 Identify the location of impact on each surface to be 8.5.2.1 Vertical Distance—Release the cylindrical mass
tested. from a height that produces the desired energy at impact (See
8.2.1 If a package has a specified clearance between its face Table 1).
(wall) and the contents, and no support between the face and
the contents over an substantial span of distance, the location 9. Report
of impact on that face should be the geometric center of the 9.1 Report the following information:
unsupported span. 9.1.1 Reference to this test method, including a statement to
8.2.1.1 An unsupported span is considered substantial if it is the effect that all tests were conducted in full compliance with
equal to or more than 50 % of the width of the package face, the requirements of this test method, or noting any variations
or 50 % of the length of the package face, or measures more and their details,
than 0.3 m (12 in.). 9.1.2 Dimensions of the package tested; complete structural
8.2.2 For packages with specified clearance between faces specifications; kinds of materials; description and dimensions
and contents but no substantial unsupported spans (having of blocking and cushioning, if any, and positioning of same
interior support covering a greater area than that defined in inside the package,
8.2.1.1), location of impact should be the geometric center of 9.1.3 Description of the contents of the package under
the face. testing and, if not tested with the actual contents intended to be
8.2.3 If package contents are in contact with the package shipped, add a description of the actual contents that will be
face (wall) or within 6 mm (0.25 in.), location of impact on that shipped,
face should be located at the point contents are closest to the 9.1.4 Number of specimens tested,
face. 9.1.5 Method of conditioning the package; and results of
8.3 Establish the acceptance criteria prior to the commence- any supplementary tests of the materials from which the
ment of testing. (See Practice D 4169 for further information.) package is made,
8.4 Where possible, test packages in the same conditioning 9.1.6 Description of the apparatus used,
atmosphere specified in 5.5. If testing cannot be performed in 9.1.7 Details of the acceptance criteria used,
a conditioning atmosphere, conduct test immediately upon 9.1.8 Faces tested and location on each face,
removing the package from the conditioned atmosphere. 9.1.9 Description of the prescribed test sequence, if any, and
8.5 Conduct impact tests on each package face to be tested. the free fall drop or pendulum heights used,
8.5.1 Use the pendulum device to impact vertical faces of 9.1.10 Record of the energy (mass 3 distance) generated by
packages where it is convenient to maintain those faces in the the striking mass,
vertical position for testing. 9.1.11 Detailed record of the test results for each package,
8.5.1.1 Vertical Distance—Swing the pendulum mass from including damage to faces of the container or wrap and the
a vertical distance that produces the specified energy at impact. contents, and
(See Table 1.) 9.1.12 Name and address of the testing agency, date, and
8.5.2 For small packages or any situation where horizontal signature of a responsible representative of the agency.
positioning of the test face is most convenient for testing, drop
10. Precision and Bias
TABLE 1 Examples of Energy Generated at Impact for Some
Typical Vertical Fall Distances 10.1 Precision—A precision statement is not applicable
Vertical Distance, m (in.) Impact Energy, J (ft-lbf)A
since the test is conducted at a specified energy level to
determine conformance with established acceptance criteria.
0.1 (4) 0.7 (0.5)
0.2 (8) 1.4 (1.0) 10.2 Bias—No justifiable statement can be made on the bias
0.3 (12) 2.0 (1.5) of this test since a true value cannot be established by an
0.5 (20) 3.4 (2.5) accepted referee test method.
0.7 (28) 4.7 (3.5)
1.0 (40) 6.8 (5.0)
A
The energy of impact depends on the mass of the striking object and its speed,
11. Keywords
which is generated by its fall. Table 1 gives theoretical energy levels in joules 11.1 concentrated impact; corrugated boxes; guided free
(ft-lbf), which are generated by a mass of 680 g (1.5 lb) falling from several discreet
heights. The maximum recommended vertical distance for this test is 1.0 m (40 fall; non-guided free fall; package face; pendulum; shipping
in.). container; stretch-wrapped package; transport packages
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D 6344 – 98 (2003)
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