New Assignment

PAKISTAN STUDIES
BBA 2(B)
17th April 2019
Submitted to:
Miss Sumaira Nawaz
Written by:
Farheen Gul
Sunmbal Niaz
Mian Rubait Ali
Abdul Haseeb Kayani
Hashim Khan
M. Ali Raza Khan
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Major Political parties of pakistan
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Pakistan Tehreek-I-Insaf (PTI)

Introduction
Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf is a political party on paper, but it
is way bigger than that. It's a dream for a prosperous
Pakistan where every man and woman has high self-esteem
and takes care of fellow citizens per the principles of
humanity. The goal of its founder Imran Khan is to ensure
Justice for all as he believes that a just society has the best
chance to succeed. At the core, PTI just wants to make sure
that we as a nation are the best version of ourselves and
make a name for us in this world. We believe that Pakistan
is a very special country, full of natural resources and full
of earnest & intelligent people.
But unfortunately due to the corrupt leadership of the country and lack of justice, we have failed
to maximize our capability. It's our dream to see Pakistan as a self-sufficient nation who makes
its own decision prioritizing the interest of its people.
One of the initial goals of PTI was to make our Justice system independent so that all
countrymen, be it rich or poor, can get the same level of Justice. We are proud to achieve that in
Pakistan after playing the leading role in the lawyer’s movement and by constantly advocating a
system that is fair for all regardless of their social class or demographics. The other big stance of
PTI is that we need to get rid of corrupt leaders in Pakistan who have stolen from the people of
Pakistan and made enormous wealth abroad.
History
Pakistan Tehreek-i-Insaf was founded by Imran Khan on 25th April 1996 in Lahore, Pakistan.
Founded initially as a sociopolitical movement, in June 1996 the first central Executive
Committee of Pakistan Tehreek-i-Insaaf was formed under the leadership of Imran Khan,
including Naeem ul Haq, Ahsan Rasheed, Hafeez Khan and Muwahid Hussain, Muhammad
awaan and Nausherwan Burki as a founding members. PTI began to grow slowly but not achieve
immediate popularity. Khan launched PTI as a party which he claimed represented the true
aspirations of the people of Pakistan.
PTI won its first seat during the 2002 Elections when Imran Khan won the National Assembly
seat of Mianwali. PTI boycotted the 2008 elections due to the principal stance against corruption
and in 2013, we received 7.5 million votes, second highest votes in the elections. We made the
Government in Kyhber Pakhtunkhuwa and our focus there has been on the common man. Even
our worst rivals give us credit for making Police independent to facilitate Justice for all,
revamping the public schools system which has seen 34,000+ private school kids switching to
government schools, changing the health policies to ensure we take care of the people in need,
and making a significant reduction in corruption.
The iconic moment for PTI was the mammoth Jalsa on October 30, 2011 at Minar-e-Pakistan,
where people from all demographics, especially Youth and Females showed up in huge numbers
to show Imran Khan that they are with him to fight the status quo of Pakistan. Shortly after, the
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Karachi Jalsa of December 2011 confirmed that this movement has changed Pakistan forever as
the Youth of the country started to take ownership of the country and their resolve for change in
Pakistan was rock solid. This is surely a movement comparable to Jinnah's movement for
Pakistan. Imran Khan calls it the struggle for Naya Pakistan.
Promises & Oaths

Imran Khan has made six promises to Pakistan and in return he asks people to take four oaths.
The promises are as follows:
1. I will never lie to the nation.
2. Me and my government will wage a 'Jihad' against injustice in the country
3. I will keep all my wealth in Pakistan, I will not be like other leaders who rule in Pakistan
but keep their wealth abroad.
4. I will not take or allow others to take unfair benifit during PTI’s tenure in the
government.
5. I will guard the nation's tax. It will not be spent on Governor, PM and CM houses. The
PTI government will break the walls of the Governor houses.
6. We as a nation will stand with our overseas Pakistanis.
The fours oaths from Pakistanis he requests are as follows:
1. Help with eradication of Status Quo from Pakistan
2. Don't be afraid of the oppressors and fight the evil together
3. Speak truth and be faithful to Pakistan.
4. Work together to make Pakistan a prosperous and independent country
Flag of PTI
The flag of PTI is consisted of two colors red and
green. The red represents the revolution while the
green has been taken from the nation flag; same with
the case as a crescent and a star. On other side, the
white color represents the minorities as symbolized by
Pakistani flag itself.
Motto:
Justice, Humanity and Self Esteem.
Top leaders
● Imran Khan (founder and chairperson)

● Shah Mehmood Qureshi (vice chairman)
● Shireen Mazari
● Asad Umar
● Pervaiz Khattak
● Jahangir Tareen
Elections of PTI
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● Elections 1997
PTI did not win a single seat in the 1997 elections, which were its first election.
● Elections 2002
PTI managed to get one seat in the National Assembly, won by Khan himself.
● Elections 2008
In 2008, PTI boycotted the elections. It held the position that an elected parliament had little to
no meaning under a president in military uniform. Pakhtunkhwa Milli Awami Party, National
Party and a few other smaller parties also boycotted polls that year.
● Elections 2013
Despite a strong campaign, the party failed to win a majority at the centre in the 2013 general
elections and sat on the opposition benches with 32 seats. The party, however, formed a
government in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) after an alliance with Jamaat-i-Islami
● Elections 2018
PTI has fielded candidates from 248 NA seats — out of these 136 seats are from Punjab, 46 from
Sindh, 38 from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 14 from Balochistan, 11 from Fata and three from
Islamabad.
Tehreek-e-Labbaik Pakistan
Tehreek-e-Labbaik
Pakistan (abbreviated TLP; Urdu: ‫تحریک لبیک پاکستان‬, "Here-
I-Am Movement Pakistan", referring to a phrase used
in Islamic prayer) is a far-right Islamist political party
in Pakistan. The party was founded by preacher Khadim
Hussain Rizvi.
The TLP is known for its countrywide street power and
massive protests in opposition to any change to Pakistan's
blasphemy law. The party came into existence, and subsequently rose to fame, after the hanging
of Mumtaz Qadri, which the political party states were unjustifiable.
The TLP demands that Sharia law be established as law in Pakistan, through a gradual legal and
political process. Most of the party's members belong to the Barelvi school of Islamic thought,
the majority in Pakistan.
The TLP was allotted the crane as its election symbol in 2017.
In the 2018 general election, the party won two seats in the Provincial Assembly of Sindh
History
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Tehreek-e-Labbaik Pakistan was formed on 1 August 2015 by Allama Khadim Hussain Rizvi.
Pakistani State Cracked Down on Tehreek-e-Labbaik

The government in Pakistan recently arrested the leadership of the Tehreek-e-Labbaik (TLP), a
far-right religious group, which for the past two years, has been carrying protest campaigns to
ensure the complete implementation of the country’s controversial blasphemy laws. A month
ago, the group in its latest protest drive against the Supreme Court’s decision to free a Christian
woman accused of blasphemy, not only provoked protesters against the leadership of various
civilian institutions, but also criticized law enforcement agencies for not helping with the
implementation of the blasphemy law.
The arrests of the group’s top leadership from all across Pakistan has not only taken away its
ability to mobilize the masses, but have also put a hold on its aggressive camp-outs to make
gains at the expense of the state. A few days ago, the entire leadership of the TLP was charged
with treason and terrorism offenses while more cases are being registered against the group’s
workers.
The swift action against the group shows two things. First, the state has little appetite left for
extremist groups or voices that aim to directly undermine its authority. Moreover, the way TLP
has taken on the state, any delayed action would have only strengthened the notion that the state
is unable to take action against radical groups that are based in Pakistan.
Two, the use of treason and terrorism charges against the leadership of the TLP is an indication
that other far-right groups based in Pakistan, particularly Punjab, are likely to face the same
treatment. TLP’s politics had increasingly become anti-state, as it directly challenged state
institutions and refused to accept the country’s constitution directly and indirectly. For the past
two years, the group has forced the state into making concessions by inflaming emotions
countrywide in support of blasphemy laws in its narratives and agitation campaigns. The
outgoing government and the current government in Pakistan have been criticized for their
inaction against the group. However, so far, the state institutions didn’t have much leverage or
public support when it came to taking action against the TLP or its narrative, which found large
public support.
Pakistan Muslim league (N):

It was founded by Nawaz Sharif in 1988. It abbreviate as PML (N). Shehbaz Sharif is the
president of PML (N). Raja Zafar ul Haq is the chairman. Ahsan Iqbal is the secretary general.
Maryam Aurangzeb is the spokesperson. Mushaid Hussain Syed is the leader in senate. Shehbaz
sharif is the leader in assembly. Headquarter is in 180-H model town, Lahore. Election symbol is
tiger. Ideology is Conservatism, Pragmatism, Classic liberalism and Nationalism. Pakistan
Muslim league (N) is a centre-right conservative party in Pakistan. The party was recently in
power. It was led by the thrice-elected Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif, until he was disqualified
for contempt of the Supreme Court in 2017.
History:
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Upon the creation of Pakistan and departure of the English Crown in 1947, the All-India Muslim
League (AIML) became the Muslim League which was now led by Prime Minister Liaquat Ali
Khan. The foundation and ground base of the PML-N lies with the Pakistan Muslim League,
which was founded in 1962 as an enriched conservative project derived from the defunct Muslim
League. The PML was presided over by Fatima Jinnah, who actively participated in presidential
elections held in 1965 against Ayub Khan. After Fatima Jinnah's death, the PML was led by
Nurul Amin, a Bengali leader, who deepened its role in West Pakistan. On a nationalist and
conservative platform, the party engaged in political campaigns against the leftist Pakistan
People’s Party and the Bengali nationalist party, the Awami League, in the general elections held
in 1970. It managed to secure only two electoral seats in the East Pakistan parliament and only
ten in the National Assembly of Pakistan.
1988 general elections:

The modern history of the party began during the 1988 parliamentary elections, when the
Pakistan Muslim League, led by former Prime Minister Mohammed Khan Junejo, split into two
factions: one was led by Fida Mohammad Khan and Nawaz Sharif, the then chief minister of
Punjab Province, and the other by Junejo (who later founded the Pakistan Muslim League (F)).
In 1988, the Pakistan Muslim League (N) was founded and established by Fida Mohammad
Khan, an original Pakistan Movement activist, who became the party's founding president, whilst
Nawaz Sharif became its first secretary-general. The IDA occupied 55 seats, but an influential
leader, Nawaz Sharif, chose to serve the Chief Minister of Punjab Province.

The PML-N was still part of the Islami Jamhoori Ittehad (IDA) and participated, under the
leadership of Nawaz Sharif, in the 1990 general elections. The IDA competed against the leftist
alliance, known as the People's Democratic Alliance (PDA), which had contained the Pakistan
People’s Party and the TeI. The elections resulted in the victory of IDA, with Nawaz Sharif
becoming Prime Minister. Through IDA, the conservative forces under Sharif had a chance to
form a national government for the first time in the history of Pakistan. For the first time in the
history of the country, Sharif allowed foreign money exchange to be transacted through private
money changers. The PML-N appealed to the Supreme Court, which then restored Sharif's
government on 26 May. The country's armed forces and the military leadership attempted to
negotiate with Sharif and get him to step down. This culminated in the resignation of Nawaz
Sharif, and President Ghulam Ishaq Khan was also removed from office.
1993 elections and opposition:

The PML-N occupied 73 seats in the state parliament. The party asserted its role as opposition to
the Pakistan People’s Party. The PML-N charged Benazir Bhutto with corruption. The PPP also
suffered due to internal factions, one of which was led by Murtaza Bhutto. The controversial
murder of Murtaza Bhutto by Sindh Police and the pressure on MQM further weakened Benazir
Bhutto. The PML-N and Sharif himself were shocked when they learned the news of Benazir
Bhutto's dismissal. During that movement, Nawaz Sharif travelled through the length and
breadth of Pakistan. He also embarked on a train march from Lahore to Peshawar as part of his
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campaign to oust Benazir. During this time, the party was among the closest to the civil
bureaucracy and the Pakistan Armed Forces.
1997 elections and power politics:

The Pakistan Muslim League (N) struck its remarkable, biggest, and most notable achievement
in the 1997 parliamentary elections, held on 3 February 1997. It secured a two-thirds majority in
the Pakistan Parliament, the only political party to have gained a two-thirds majority since the
country's independence in 1947. During this time, the PML-N was the largest conservative party,
with its members occupying 137 seats out of 207, roughly 66.2%. In May 1998, the PML-N
government led by Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif ordered six nuclear tests, in response to Indian
nuclear tests. The tests were extremely popular and PML-N's image and prestige rose to a record
level at home.

As a result of the Kargil War with India, the PML-N government had generated frustration
within the party and a secret splinter group inside the party united on a one-point agenda with all
the opposition parties in 1999 to remove Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif from office. This resulted
in a military coup d'état. The Supreme Court validated the coup and gave General Pervez
Musharraf three years to hold general elections. After deposing Sharif's government, the party
split into several groups and its size shrunk as many of its members decided to defect to the
splinter political bloc. Sharif was removed from the party's presidency and the position was
handed over to Dr. Kalsoum Nawaz, wife of Sharif. They campaigned all over the country and
competed in the 2002 general elections for the state parliament.
2008 parliamentary election:

After returning to Pakistan, the PML-N contested the 2008 general election, demanding a
restoration of the judges sacked under the emergency rule put in place by President Pervez
Musharraf, and the removal of Musharraf as President. After the assassination of Benazir Bhutto,
Sharif announced that the PML-N would boycott the polls, but after some time and conversations
with the co-chairman of the PPP, Asif Ali Zardari, Nawaz announced that the party would run in
the polls and began to rally in the Punjab areas. On 18 February 2008, after the polls were closed
and the results had been announced, the PML-N gained 68 seats in the National Assembly,just
behind the PPP.
On 27 June 2008, the Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N) and the Pakistan Peoples Party
(PPP) won three and two by-election seats respectively, in the national parliament. Polls were
postponed for the sixth seat in Lahore due to Nawaz Sharif's eligibility contest. A court ruled he
was ineligible due to an old conviction, amid a government appeal in the Supreme Court, which
was slated to hear the case on 30 June, thus postponing the vote in the constituency. The two
parties also won 19 of 23 provincial assembly seats where by-elections were held. The results did
not affect the 18 February general election results in which Benazir Bhutto's PPP won 123 seats
in the 342-seat National Assembly, and Sharif's party came second with 91, while Pervez
Musharraf's party came a poor third, with 54 seats.
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During its election campaign for the 2013 general elections, the party competed against its arch-
rival, the PPP, and another right-wing party, the PTI. In an unofficial count, the party secured the
qualified majority in the state parliament, the Punjab Assembly, and the Balochistan Assembly;
it is yet the only party to have secured respectable seats and representation on provisional
assemblies of Sindh and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The leader of PML-N, Nawaz Sharif, won a third
term as Prime Mininister.
Pakistan people party:

It was founded by Zulfikar ali Bhutto. It was founded in 30
November 1967. It abbreviate as PPP. Bilawal Bhutto
Zardari is the chairman and Asif Ali Zardari as co-chairman.
Nayyar Hussain Bukhari is the secretary general. Sherry
Rehman is the leader in senate. Bilawal Bhutto zardari is
the leader in assembly. Headquarter is People's
Secretariat, Parliament Lodges at Islamabad, Pakistan.
Election symbol is arrow. Student wing is Peoples Students
Federation (PSF). Ideology is Social democracy, Islamic socialism and Progressivism.
The Pakistan Peoples Party , is a left-wing party. Its Centre of power lies in the southern
province of Sindh.
Foundation and history:

The PPP was launched at its founding convention held in Lahore on November 30 and December
1, 1967. At the same meeting, Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto was elected as its chairman. A more
immediate task was the struggle against the dictatorship of General Ayub Khan, who was at the
height of his power when the PPP was formed.
1970 election and 1971 war:

Ayub Khan succumbed to political pressure on 26 March 1969 and handed power to the
Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army, General Agha Muhammad Yahya Khan. President
Yahya Khan imposed martial law and the 1962 Constitution was abrogated. On 31 March 1970,
President Yahya Khan announced a Legal Framework Order (LFO) which called for direct
elections for a unicameral legislature. The purpose of the LFO was to secure the future
Constitution which would be written after the election so that it would include safeguards. In the
background of recent political developments, the Peoples Party decided to hold its National
Conference. The first conference was announced to be held at Lahore from 4–6 April 1969 but
due to the imposition of Martial law, it was called off. Later from 1–3 July 1970, first National
Conference was held at Hala Sharif, Sindh. At this historical conference which is known as Hala
Conference, there were two different opinions on participating in Pakistani general election,
1970. Some were argued that the Party should not take part in elections rather adopt
revolutionary insurrection method to take power and others emphasized to take part in
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parliamentary democracy. On 4 January 1970, ZA Bhutto officially launched his elections

campaign by addressing a public meeting at Nishtar Park, Karachi then conducted public
meetings at Rawalpindi's Liaquat Bagh and NWFP. Its socialist rationale Roti Kapra Aur
Makaan (English: Food, Cloth, and Shelter) and "all power to the people", further popularize the
party and the prominence that arise Bhutto and the Peoples Party. By the 1970s, the Pakistan
Peoples Party had become the largest and most influential leading socialist and democratic entity
in the country.
Post-war politics:
4-year-old Fraz Wahlah holding Peoples Party flag whilst leading a protest, against Zia ul Haq,
shortly before his arrest which made him the youngest prisoner of Movement for the
Restoration of Democracy. As result of Pakistan's defeat by India in Indo-Pakistani War of 1971,
General Yahya Khan was forced to resign. On 20 December, he was taken to the President
House in Rawalpindi, where he took over two positions from Yahya Khan, one as president and
the other as first civilian Chief Martial Law Administrator. Thus, he was the first civilian Chief
Martial Law Administrator of the dismembered Pakistan. By the time Bhutto had assumed
control of what remained of Pakistan. After becoming President, Bhutto in his first statement to
foreign media correspondents said,
“Let us forget the past. We have made terrible mistakes and Pakistan is in a mess—the
worst crisis in our history. But we have been given a terrible bashing by the Western press
and I ask you now to please get off our backs while we put our house in order.”
PPP in Power - Bhutto era:

Bhutto vowed to build a new Pakistan and promised to fight back. On 2 January 1972 Bhutto
announced the nationalization of all major industries, including iron and steel, heavy
engineering, heavy electricals, petrochemicals, cement and public utilities. A new labor policy
was announced increasing workers' rights and the power of trade union. More than 2,000 civil
servants were dismissed on charges of corruption. He successfully negotiated the return of
93,000 prisoners of war and settlement with India. He set up scientific community for making
Pakistan a nuclear power and authorized the atomic bomb project as part of the nuclear
deterrence in January 1972. On 14 August 1973, Bhutto took oath as Prime Minister of Pakistan.
Bhutto tried initiate different reforms like taking school network to slums and small villages,
creating basic health facilities, land reforms and housing schemes etc.
Recent history:
After the assassination of Benazir Bhutto on 27 December 2007, the 2008 parliamentary
elections which were scheduled to be held in January were postponed until 18 February. The PPP
won the considerable victory on among all political parties, gaining a momentum of general seats
121 from all provinces in the Parliament. On 5 September 2008, the Peoples Party nominated its
co-chairman and chairman of central executive committee, Asif Ali Zardari, for the
upcoming presidential election. Zardari secured 481 votes out of 700 votes from the Electoral
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College of Pakistan, winning the Pakistan's presidential election on 5 September 2008. On April
2010, president Zardari voluntarily surrendered his political and presidential powers to prime
minister Gillani and the parliament, and through 18th amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan,
Zardari transferred the authority of government and political appointments, and powers to
exercise the authority of government to prime minister Gillani as part of country's road
to parliamentary democracy. Even though growing unpopularity, it has managed to maintain a
large vote bank in deeper Sindh and South Punjab. On national front, it is currently competing
against Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf and Pakistan Muslim League (N). On 22 June 2012, the PPP
nominated Raja Pervez Ashraf was elected as the new Pakistan PM.
Pak sar zameen party

Pak sarzameen party is a pakistani political party founded by syed mustafa kamal on 23 march
2016.
President: anis kaimkhani
Founder: syed mustafa kamal
Founded: march 23, 2016
History
The party was founded on 3 March 2016. Syed mustafa kamal conducted a press conference with
anis kaimkhani, party president, after they flew back into karachi from dubai earlier that day. He
criticized his ex-political party muttahida qaumi movement and its leader altaf hussain by
claiming that, in the past, he had links with indian spy agency research and analysis wing. He
also announced his new political party without revealing the new name of the party.later the
party was joined by former mqm members raza haroon, dr. Sagheer ahmed, waseem aftab,
advocate anis ahmed khan, aftkhar randhawa and iftikhar alam and many other mna's and mpa's.
Syed mustafa kamal founded the party on pakistan day 2016 at a press conference in clifton,
karachi which was also attended by its other members.the party is currently led by syed mustafa
kamal along with other members anis kaimkhani (party president), raza haroon (secretary-
general of the party), dr. Sagheer ahmed (senior vice-chairperson), waseem aftab (vice-chairman)
anees khan advocate and iftikhar alam (party spokesman) who all were former members of
mqm.pak sarzameen party is financed by isi, pakistan army, sindh rangers, and bahria town.mqm
has also accused the party for working under the patronage of sindh rangers in order to threaten
mqm workers to join psp or face arrest.
Psp's founder mustafa kamal has stated that he has recovered mqm's missing persons but mqm
alleges that those missing persons were arrested by paramilitary forces of sindh rangers.
In a video leak, minhaj qazi who was arrested for the murder of shahid hamid (kesc md)
announced joining psp in jail.
Former mqm mpa ashfaq mangi who was alleged to have raw connections through the news
aired by ary also joined psp in a ceremony.
The psp leader anees qaimkhani was arrested by law enforcement in connection to baldia factory
fire case; he was later released on bail. Psp's founder mustafa kamal has also publicly declared
support to hammad siddiqui who is also wanted in the case of baldia fire moreover,
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Constitution
The party has a published constitution. Their slogan "azm e pakistan" and "arz e pakistan" tells
that psp want to change pakistan. It aims are for honor, justice and authority.
Manifesto
The election manifesto of psp tackles numerous issues but lays the strongest emphasis on
empowering local bodies to build a participatory form of democracy.
1. Economy
2. Energy
3. Agriculture and food
4. Governance
5. Water
6. Education
7. Health
8. Terrorism
9. Research and transport
10. Overseas pakistan
11. Police and justice
12. Environment and culture
2018 elections
Psp did election campaigns and did many political rallys. Mustafa kamal gave video messages to
inspire people to vote to psp. Pak sarzameen party failed to achieve a seat in the national
assembly as well as in the provincial assemblies of pakistan.
Psp office attack

The psp office attack was on 24th december 2018. Two psp workers were killed and many
people got injured.[13] the rescue teams came to the psp office and took them to the hospital.
The injured were said to be in negative and critical condition.[14] after the attack ali raza abidi
died and syed mustafa kamal said that psp office attack and ali raza abidi attack were linked
together. It turned out that they were really linked together and the biggest suspect was altaf
hussain, who has been accused of terrorism many times.
Pakistan awami tehreek

The pakistan awami tehreek commonly known as pat is a political party in pakistan, founded by
muhammad tahir-ul-qadri, took part in general elections in 1990 and 2002.
Founder: muhammad tahir-ul-qadri
Founded: May 25, 1989
Manifesto
Pakistan awami tehreek presented a detailed 186-page manifesto by the name of 'putting people
first', which outlined seven priorities:
1. Education
2. Economy
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3. Poverty
4. Health
5. Justice
6. Peace
7. Technology
Moreover, practical course of action was spelled out to revitalize 32 departments of the country.
Political history
Pat chief Dr. Muhammad Tahir-Ul-Qadri announced the establishment of pat on 25 may 1989 in
a public meeting at mochi gate, lahore.
From 1989 to 1993, Qadri continuously worked as an opposition leader and trying to indicate the
government's mistakes and to suggest ways for improving the situation in the political,
educational, and economical fields. In 1991, pat and Tehrik-E-Nifas-E-Fiqh-E-Jafria (a shia
political group) now known as Tehrik-E-Jafaria signed a 'communique of unity' to promote
social and religious harmony. In another move, pat for the first time in the political history of
Pakistan, introduced an idea of "working relationship" between the three national political forces,
pat, tnfj and tehreek-e-istaqlal.
In 1992, he presented a complete working plan for interest-free banking in pakistan covering all
kinds of national and international transaction which was recognized and appreciated by all
sections of the society including industrial and banking professionals.
Elections 1990
Pat fielded candidates throughout the country in the general elections held one year soon after its
establishment. The party could not win any seat in these elections but the polls served as a means
for promotion of its message across the country.
Elections 1993
The pat leadership tried to unite religious and political leadership before 1993 elections so that
an alternative leadership could be offered to the nation. However, all political forces joined
various political alliances set up by the invisible hands. In view of sharp political divide, the
general council of pat concluded after thorough deliberations that the prevalent electoral system
would not be able to serve as a bridge to reach the destination of revolution. It thus decided to
boycott political process and spread awareness among the masses who are caught in clutches of
capitalism and feudalism.
Pat launched mass educational project at the national level under which hundreds of educational
institutions were set up.
Pakistan awami ittehad

The PML-N government, in its second stint from 1997 to 1999, started victimization of its
political opponents. Politically motivated cases were registered against them. The government
pushed through legislation to make prime minister nawaz sharif all-powerful and unaccountable.
The watershed in this regard was passage of shariat bill on 8 august 1998. 17 political parties got
together on the platform of pakistan awami ittehad under the leadership of pat chief dr
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muhammad tahir-ul-qadri to ward off political victimization. Martyr of democracy, shaheed

mohtarama benazir bhutto's pakistan people's party joined the political alliance as a leading
party. The political forces initially converged on the agenda of 'go nawaz go' but later on they
issued 14-point islamic social order on 18 march 1998 for establishment of islamic welfare state.
However, this political alliance could not last long and was disbanded in 1999.
Elections 2002
Pat took part in the second general elections in 2002. Only pat chief Dr. Muhammad Tahir-Ul-
Qadri was able to get elected to the national assembly from na-127 in Lahore.[3][4] the pat
distributed party tickets among its workers belonging to poor and middle classes on the basis of
competence and integrity but they could not win elections due to their inability to fulfill
'demands' of Pakistani politics.
Resignation from national assembly

On 5 October 2004, pat chief Dr. Muhammad Tahir-Ul-Qadri resigned from his national
assembly seat in protest against Pervez Musharraf’s wearing of two caps namely the chief of
army staff and the president of Pakistan, which was the first resignation in Pakistan’s
parliamentary history. The 85-page resignation statement issued by dr tahir-ul-qadri was
presented in the national assembly as a national document, which exposed the conspiracies and
secret power play. Following his resignation, Dr. Tahir-Ul-Qadri gave his workers and chapters
of his party the target of mass awareness campaign and settled abroad to resume his research
work.
On 29 November 2004, Qadri announced his resignation as a member of the national

assembly.[5] explaining his resignation he cited the president's broken promises, political
corruption and blackmailing, the undemocratic system, institutional inabilities, failures of
accountability, the sabotage of national assembly, global issues including Pakistan-us relations,
international terrorism and us global domination, Israeli aggression, the iraq war, islamabad-
delhi relations including the Kashmir dispute and Pakistan-Afghanistan relations. His 41-page
resignation statement is available online to read.
Elections 2008
The general council of pakistan awami tehreek described general elections 2008 as lacking in
fairness and transparency and suffering from pre-poll rigging. It thus decided to boycott the
polls. In a January 2011 address to a meeting of mqi's majlis-e-shura in Lahore, qadri stated that
the current political system of pakistan protects a 3% ruling elite, while the 97%, who are mainly
poor people, have effectively become slaves of this corrupt political system.
On 6 october 2011, the supreme court of pakistan ordered action on Karachi violence after the
chief justice of pakistan iftikhar muhammad chaudhry took a suo motu notice in response to the
appeal of dr tahir ul qadri.
Long march 2013

Dr muhammad tahir-ul-qadri led a historic long march from lahore to islamabad on 13 january to
highlight the importance and need of electoral reforms ahead of general elections 2013. The
peaceful sit-in, which was staged in front of parliament house, came to an end on a written
agreement between the pat and the government of the day with the latter committing itself to
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introduce reforms in electoral system and holding elections in accordance with legal and
constitutional demands.
Elections 2013
Despite inking a written agreement with a commitment to introduce reforms in electoral system
and hold general elections in line with legal and constitutional requirements, the government
reneged on its agreement. Elections 2013 were presided over by an election commission, which
was composed unconstitutionally. Hence the pat general council decided to boycott general
elections 2013.
All political parties irrespective of whether they won or lost elections said with one voice that dr
tahir-ul-qadri was spot on when he dilated on the outcome of elections well before they were
even held. Pti chairman imran khan repeated this sentence of dr tahir-ul-qadri in his first address
at the floor of parliament
Lahore clash
Main article: 2014 lahore clash
On 17 june 2014, a violent clash ensued between the punjab police and pat activists resulting in
the deaths of several unarmed protesters by police gunfire. the standoff lasted for almost 11
hours when the police′s anti-encroachment squad launched an operation to remove the barriers
from the street in front of the offices of minhaj-ul-quran and the pat founder qadri′s residence in
model town, lahore.
Unrest march 2014

Pat chief dr muhammad tahir-ul-qadri led historic long march from lahore to islamabad on 14
august 2014 to seek justice for the martyrs of model town tragedy and send the government
home which came into being in violation of articles 62, 63 and 218 of the constitution. The sit-in
continued for 70 days in front of parliament house. On the intervention of pakistan army chief
general raheel sharif, fir of model town tragedy was registered against nine key figures of the
present government including the prime minister and the chief minister. the revolution march sit-
in came to an end on 21 october 2014.rovince of Sindh.
Jammat e Islami
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Introduction: Jamaat-e-Islami, abbreviated JI, is a socially

conservative and Islamist political party based in Pakistan. Its
objective is the transformation of Pakistan into an Islamic state,
governed by Sharia law, through a gradual legal, and political
process. JI strongly
opposes capitalism, communism, liberalism, socialism and secular
ism as well as economic practices such as offering bank interest. JI
is a vanguard party: its members form an elite with "affiliates" and then "sympathizers"
beneath them. The party leader is called an ameer. Although it does not have a large popular
following, the party is quite influential and considered one of the major Islamic movements in
Pakistan, along with Deobandi and Barelvi (represented by Jamiat Ulema-e Islamand Jamiat
Ulema-e-Pakistan respectively).
Jamaat-e-Islami was founded in Lahore, British India in 1941 by the Muslim theologian and
socio-political philosopher, Abul Ala Maududi. In 1947, following the partition of India, the
Jamaat split into two organisations, Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan and Jamaat-e-Islami Hind (the
Indian wing). Other wings of Jamaat include Jamaat-e-Islami Kashmir, founded in 1953,
and Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami, founded in 1975. Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan came under severe
government repression in 1948, 1953, and 1963.[9] But, during the early years of the regime of
General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, it served as the "regime's ideological and political arm", with
party members holding cabinet portfolios of information and broadcasting, production, and
water, power and natural resources.
In 1971, during the Bangladesh Liberation War, JI opposed the independence of
Bangladesh. However, in 1975, it established Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh with Abbas Ali Khan
(Joypurhat) as the first ameer. Since the early 1980s, it has also developed close links with
Jamaat-e-Islami Kashmir.
History:
Maududi opposed British rule but also opposed both the anti-colonialist Muslim
nationalist Muslim League's proposal for a separate Muslim state led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah,
and the "composite nationalism" (muttahida qaumiyyat) idea of Jam'iyyat al-Ulama-ye
Hindand Deobandi scholar Husain Ahmad Madani for a united independent India with separate
institutional structures for Hindus and Muslims. Although Maududi believed Muslims formed a
separate nation from the Hindus of India, he initially opposed the partition of India to create a
"Muslim state" circumscribed to Muslim-majority regions, agitating instead for an "Islamic
state" covering the whole of India this despite the fact Muslims made up only about one quarter
of India's population.
In his view Muslims were not one religious or communal group among many working to
advance their social and economic interests, but a group `based upon principles and upon a
theory` or ideology. A "righteous" party (or community) that had "a clearly defined ideology,
allegiance to a single leader, obedience, and discipline",[16] would be able to transform the whole
of India into Dar al-Islam. Unlike the fascists and communists, once in power an Islamic state
would not be oppressive or tyrannical, but instead just and benevolent to all, because its ideology
was based on God's commands. In 1940, the Muslim League met in Lahore and passed
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the Pakistan Resolution, calling for autonomous states in the Muslim majority areas of India.
Maududi believed the nationalism in any form was un-Islamic, concerned with mundane
interests of people and not Islam. In response he launched his own party, Jamaat-e-Islami,
founded on 26 August 1941, at Islamia Park, Lahore. Seventy-five people attended the first
meeting and became the first 75 members of the movement.
Maududi saw his group as a vanguard of Islamic revolution following the footsteps of early
Muslims who gathered in Medina to found the first "Islamic state".Members uttered the Shahada,
the traditional statement of conversion to Islam, when they joined, implying to some that
Jama'ati felt they had been less-than-true Muslims before joining. Jamaat-e-Islami was and is
strictly and hierarchically organised in a pyramid-like structure. All supporters work toward the
common goal of establishing an ideological Islamic society, particularly through educational and
social work, under the leadership of the emir. Being a vanguard party, not all supporters could be
members, only the elite. Below members were/are "affiliates", and "sympathizers" beneath them.
The party leader is called an ameer (commander).
Maududi sought to educate the elite of the Muslim community in the principles of Islam and
correct "their erroneous ways of thinking" both because he believed societies were influenced
from the top down. During the years before the partition of India, Jamaat-e-Islami stood aloof
from the intense political fights of the time in India, concentrating on "training and organising"
and refining and strengthening the structure of Jamaat-e-Islami.
Promises and Oaths:
The Jamaat-e-Islami (JI) Pakistan Chief Senator Siraj-ul-Haq has made it clear that protest
demonstrations in favour of ‘Namoos-e-Risalat’ is not meant for fighting with the state; adding
that the Jamaat-e-Islami will continue to protest against the release of wicked Aasia.
He expressed these views while attending an oath-taking ceremony of newly elected Ameer
Sindh Chapter—Jamaat-e-Islami Muhammad Hussain Mehanti. The ceremony was held at Idara-
e-Noor Haq here yesterday.
The JI Chief Siraj-ul-Haq questioned that why the Prime Minister Imran Khan is restricting the
masses for staging demonstrations against the verdict of Supreme Court, adding that staging
protests against the wicked Aasia is a democractic right of the masses and they can exercise their
right in a peaceful manner.
Senator Siraj-ul-Haq further demanded of the Supreme Court of Pakistan to review its verdict by
re-constitutes a bench for hearing the case again.
He announced that the Jamaat-e-Islami would observe a “Day of Protest on Friday in which
countrywide protest demonstrations would be held after Friday’s prayers against the release of
wicked Aasia.
Senator Siraj-ul-Haq said that the apex court has given death penalty to Mumtaz Qadri and on
the other hand, release wicked Aasia over blasphemy; the Jamaat-e-Islami will not accept the
dual standard of the apex court.
The Jamaat-e-Islami (JI) Chief Senator Siraj-ul-Haq further said that the release of wicked Aasia
on 31-October, the date on which the Ghazi Almdin was given death penalty ----gives a clear
message to those who love Holy Prophet Hazrat Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him).
Siraj-ul-Haq said that the European Union has already given a clear guideline that none of the
nation has a right to involve in blasphemy of any of the prophets; adding that the federal
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government should restrict Aasia from leaving the country and puts her name on Exit Control
List (ECL).
The Senator Siraj-ul-Haq said that the Jamaat-e-Islami would raises its voice against the verdict
at every platform adding that the federal government should also play its due role to bring
wicked Aasia in the court of law again
Flag of Jammat e Islami:
That's the flag of the party Jamiat Al Islami. At least

three versions are know, all in vertical blue (at hoist)
and green at fly (1:4) and a narrow white stripe
between the two bands. The differences are the
following:
1) the first one has the crescent and star (like the
Pakistan national flag) and below the shahada.
2) the second has only the crescent and star (reported by Harald Mueller, former list member,
with the crescent pointing towards the hoist and slighty rotated to the bottom; but I saw it in
TV with the crescent and star in normal position).
3) The third has only the shahada and no crescent and star.
Leaders:
● Abul A'la Maududi (1940–1972)
● Naeem siddiqui
● Mian Tufail Mohammad (1972–1987)
● Qazi Hussain Ahmad (1987–2008)
● Syed Munawar Hassan (2008–2014)
● Siraj ul Haq (2014–present)
● Khurram Murad
● Liaqat Baloch
● Khurshid Ahmad (Islamic scholar)
Muttahida Qaumi Movement:
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Introduction:
The Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM) is
a secular political party in Pakistanthat was founded by Altaf
Hussain in 1984. Currently the party is split between 2 main
factions. MQM-London faction is controlled by Altaf Hussain
from London, while MQM-Pakistan is run by Khalid Maqbool
Siddiqui based in Pakistan. Its electoral symbol is a kite. It
was founded as a student organization, All Pakistan Muhajir
Student Organization (APMSO), in 1978 by Altaf Hussain.
APMSO gave birth to the Muhajir Qaumi Movement in
1984. In 1997, the MQM removed the term Muhajir (that denotes the party roots among the
country's Urdu-speaking community) from its name and replaced it with Muttahida ("United").
The MQM is generally known as a party that holds strong mobilizing potential in Karachi, having
traditionally been the dominant political force in the city.
The party has kept its influence over Pakistan's federal government as a key coalition partner
since the late 1980s (1988-1990, 1990-1992, 2002-2007, 2008-2013). However, MQM
parliamentarians resigned from the National Assembly, Senate and Provincial Assembly of
Sindh in protest against a crackdown on party supporters
In August 2016, after Altaf Hussain's 22 August speech, there was military crack down on the
party and Nine Zero was sealed and its leaders including Farooq Sattar were arrested and most
elected parliamentarians in the MQM were forced to disassociate themselves from Altaf Hussain.
MQM terminated Farooq Sattar's party membership after party rules violations who formed his
own.
History:
The first political organization of Muhajirs, called All Pakistan Muhajir Student
Organization (APMSO), was founded on 11 June 1978 by Altaf Hussain in Karachi University. On
March 18, 1984, the APMSO evolved into a proper political organization—Muhajir Qaumi
Movement.[5] It was launched to protect the Muhajir community who perceived themselves as
the victims of discrimination and repression by
the quota system that gave preference to certain
ethnicities for admissions in educational institutions and
employment in civil services.
Top Leaders:
● Farooq Sattar
● Wasay Jalil
● Mustafa Azizabadi
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● Qasim Ali Raza

● Momin Khan Momin
● Dr Hassan Zafar Arif (Rabita Committee Pakistan)
● Sathi Ishaque advocate
● Zafar Rajput (Hyderabad)
● Dr. Nadeem Ehsan
Elections of MQM:
In 2001, MQM boycotted the local body elections but in the 2002 general elections, MQM won
17 out of 272 seats in national assembly.
In 2008 elections, MQM won 25 seats in the National Assembly of Pakistan and 52 seats in the
Provincial Assembly of Sindh
In 2013, the Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM) filed a Rs 5 billion defamation suit
against Pakistan Tehreek-i-Insaf chairman Imran Khan at the Sindh High Court for issuing
statements against MQM chief Altaf Hussain.
In June 2014, the Metropolitan Police raided the London home of its leader, Altaf Hussain, on
suspicion of money-laundering. Mr Hussain has lived in the UK since 1991.
In 2008, Foreign Policy released a Global Cities Index which named Mustafa Kamal as Mayor of
the Moment, along with Berlin's Klaus Wowereit, and Chongqing's Wang Hongju.
The party has won majority in the local government election of Karachi and Hyderabad and
brought its mayor in Karachi Metropolitan Corporation (KMC) and Hyderabad Municipal
Corporation. The mayor of Karachi, Wasim Akhtar has been put behind bars without any charge
by anti-terror court and is waiting Sindh High Court to grant him bail in order to resume his
office as the mayor of Karachi. MQM has also brought its chairman and vice chairman in the
municipal committee of fourth largest city of Sindh Mirpurkhas.
Election Boycott 2018:
MQM and its leader Altaf Hussain decided to boycott elections in 2018 due to military
intervention in political affairs, MQM-P which is a separate party now would instead contest for
elections using traditional MQM symbol kite. This would be the second boycott of general
elections after 1993 and third boycott of all elections including local bodies election in 2001. The
average turnout of Karachi constituencies was 40.4% in 2018 elections comparing to 55 percent
in 2013.
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Jamiat Ulema-E Islam (F)

Jamiat Ulema-e Islam (F) is a Sunni Deobandi political party in Pakistan. Established
as JUI (Jamiat Ulema-e Islam) in 1945, it is the result of a factional split of 1988, F standing for
the name of its leader, Fazal-ur-Rehman.
JUI-F is as of 2013 Pakistan's 5th largest party, winning 3.2% of the popular vote, or 15 out of
272 general seats in the National Assembly. It is entirely based in southern Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa and northern parts of Baluchistan. The JUI-S faction, led by Samiul Haq, is of
regional significance in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa but has
no representation on the national level. The split of
JUI into two factions was due to dissent over the
policy of president Zia-ul-Haq of
supporting Mujahideenoutfits in the Afghanistan
war during the 1980s. A more recent faction known
as JUI-N, split off JUI-F in 2008, is also
unrepresented at the national level
SPECIFICATIONS
President Maulana Fazl-ur-

Rehman
Formation Founder Mufti

Mahmud (founded JUI)
The jui follows the sunni
[deobandi] Founded 1988 school. In
pakistan, deobandis have
a presence Preceded by Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam in khyber
Ideology Islamism
Clericalism
Social conservatism
Religious
conservatism
Political position Right-Wing

Far-right
National affiliation Muttahida Majlis-e-

Amal
pakhtunkhwa, sindh, and balochistan. The jui traces its roots to politically active deobandi who
formed the jamiat ulema-e-hind (juh), in 1919 in british india. The juh was against colonialism
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and for a united india, opposing the formation of a separate homeland for indian muslims. A
faction supporting the creation of pakistan parted ways in 1945 to support the all indian muslim
league. This faction came to be known as the jamiat ulema-e-islam (jui).
History since 2002

The jui-f was also the largest party in the mma, winning 41 seats in the national assembly and 29
of the mma's 48 seats in nwfp in the 2002 elections. Subsequently, fazlur rahman became the
leader of the opposition in 2004 and retained the post till 2007. The jui-f was also part of the
current ruling pppcoalition but left the government amidst charges of corruption against one of
its members, an information technology minister of the federal cabinet. In return for jui-f
support, the ppp-led government appointed maulana sherani, a jui-f senator without any formal
academic training in islamic jurisprudence, as chairman of the council of islamic ideology in
2010. Sherani has frequently spoken out against the government’s legislative efforts, particularly
those related to women. He opposed a proposed bill on domestic violence stating that domestic
violence was not a major issue in pakistan until women's rights groups appeared and "created" it
and that any such legislation hinders the creation of a "true islamic society". Currently, even
though the jui-f is no longer a coalition partner, fazl ur rahman chairs the kashmir committee and
another jui-f senator, talha mahmood aryan, chairs the standing interior committee of the senate.
Both factions of the jui have frequently come together on a common platform to oppose
american drone strikes in pakistan's tribal areas, viewing it as a violation of pakistan's
sovereignty. For example, following the 2 may 2011 u.s. raid in abbottabad that led to osama bin
laden's killing, the jui-f and the jui-s participated in a multi-party conference in peshawar,
condemning the drone strikes and calling on the government to end logistical support
to nato troops in afghanistan.
On the domestic front, members of the jui-f have been vocal critics of changes in the blasphemy
laws. Fazlur rahman remained silent until his party left the ruling coalition in december 2010,
after which he criticized proposals to amend the blasphemy law. The jui-f has also opposed the
passage of a bill aimed at preventing domestic violence with its members vowing to fight it
"tooth and nail" as, according to them, its passage would "promote western culture in the islamic
state."
In 2008, a further (minor) split of jui-f resulted in the formation of a third faction, known as jui-
n ("n" for nazryati "ideological").
United jui
Jui's first president, shabbir ahmad usmani, broke away from the party in 1947 to form the
markazi jamiat ulema-e-islam (mjui), which played a key role in the passage of the objectives
resolution of 1949 that laid down the "islamic" foundations of future constitutions in
pakistan.[3] the jui became more politically active under maulana mufti mahmood (1919–1980)
who assumed its leadership in 1962. Under mahmood during the 1960s the party "developed a
strong presence" and base of support among the "intensely conservative countryside"
of balochistan and khyber pakhtunkhwa (kp).[4] mahmood led the jui against ayub khan's
modernization policies.
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The jui also participated in the 1970 elections with the islamist jamaat-e-islami pakistan party
and the barelvi sunni religious party jamiat ulema-e-pakistan(jup). It won seven seats in the
national assembly and nine in the provincial assemblies and became a partner in the nwfp and
balochistan provincial governments.[3] mufti mahmood was sworn in as nwfp chief minister.
Under him the provincial government established a board to bring all laws in conformity with
islam. He resigned in 1973 over bhutto’s dismissal of the balochistan provincial government.
Split into jui-f and jui-s
During the 1980s, the jui supported some of general zia ul haq's policies, including his anti-
soviet jihad in afghanistan. Additionally, official patronage and financial support
for madrassas during the zia years allowed the jui to build thousands of madrassas, especially in
the nwfp (now kpk), which were instrumental in the formation of the taliban. At the same time
the jui was distrustful of zia's close ties with the jamaat-e-islami and joined the anti-zia and ppp-
led movement for the restoration of democracy (mrd).[3]
This dual relationship with zia's regime eventually led to a split in the party which came to be
divided into the jui-f, headed by maulana fazal-ur-rehman and the jui-s headed by samiul haq,
who supported zia and was a member in his parliament, the majlis-e-shura.
Electoral performance
It was part of the right-wing islamic muttahida majlis-e-amal alliance, that won 11.3% of the
popular vote and 53 out of 272 elected members in the 20 october 2002 legislative pakistani
elections, and 2.21% of the popular vote and 7 out of 272 elected members in the 18 february
2008 elections. On 12 may 2009 jup became one of eight parties of the barelvi school of thought
to form the sunni ittehad council (sic) to "fight the growing talibanisation in the country".[3] in
the 2013 elections sunni ittehad council received just 0.08% of the popular vote and no seats in
parliament. Both the mutthuda majlis-e-amal and jamiat ulema-e-pakistan (niazi) received less
than 100 votes nationwide (0.00% of the popular vote).
ELECTORAL PERFORMANCE
Senate 4/104
National assembly 0/342
Baluchistan assembly 0/65
KPK assembly 0/124
Sindh assembly 0/168
Punjab Assembly 0/371
Gilgit Baltistan Assembly 1/33
Azad Kashmir Assembly 0/49
Awami Workers Party or People's Workers
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The Awami Workers Party or People's Workers Party is a left-wing political party
in Pakistan. The party’s programme was designed to bring together the disparate struggles of
workers, peasants, students, women and ethnic and religious minorities in Pakistan under the
banner of a genuinely democratic and socialist politics.
SPECIFICATIONS
President Fanoos Gujjar
General Secretary Akhtar Hussain
Vice President Abida Chaudhry
Deputy General Secretary Ismat Shahjahan
Senior Vice President Yousuf Masti Khan
Finance Secretary Shazia Khan
Information Secretary Farman Ali
Founded November 2012
Merger of Labour Party Pakistan

National Workers Party
Awami Party Pakistan
Headquarters Lahore
Student wing National Students

Federation
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Ideology Democratic socialism

Progressivism
Anti-fascism
Political position Left-wing
Colors Red, White
Senate 0 / 104
National Assembly 0 / 342
Election symbol
Party flag
History:
It was formed in november 2012, as a merger of the labour party pakistan, the awami party
pakistan and the workers party pakistan.
While not the first attempt to forge left unity, the formation of the awp generated a great deal of
excitement amongst progressives both within and outside the country due to its promise of
building upon the best traditions of the twentieth century left and making ideological and
organizational adaptations necessary for a viable leftist project in the present century.
In the first 20 months of awp’s inception, as the cauldron that is pakistani politics has become
even more explosive, the fledgling party confirmed its credentials as the only meaningful left
alternative to the status quo in pakistan. As the contradictions of state, imperialism, patriarchy
and combined and uneven development in a multi-national country grow increasingly acute,
reactionaries of all hues have consolidated their monopoly over political discourse, aided by a
complicit corporate media.
The party held its first congress on sept 27–28, which consolidated the first phase of party-
building, with the election of its national leadership following sub-national party elections
around the country.
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Awp continues to work towards becoming a genuine progressive and socialist political
alternative to the material and ideological status-quo in pakistan that is equipped to deal with the
challenges posed by the forces of capital, imperialism and reaction in the contemporary era.
This merger reflects recognition within leftist circles, both of the growing contradictions within
the prevailing structure of power and the need for unity and maturity so as to take advantage of
these contradictions.
At the party's founding congress, abid hassan minto was elected president, fanoos
gujjar chairman and farooq tariq general secretary.
Mission:
With a socialist orientation, the party demands the following:
1) state takes primary responsibility for organizing and planning the country’s economy, 2) the
military and other major industries, be placed under the control of the democratic state, as a
nationalized agency
3) Resist imperialist aggression against pakistanis (drone strikes, mncs, austerity measures
imposed by the imf and world bank)
4) Immediate end to the privatization policy
5) Recognition of workers’ rights to form trade unions and democratization of the work place
with improved work conditions
6) Implementation of radical land reforms and redistribution of land among the peasantry to
contest power of feudal families
7) Liberation of women
8) Expose religious fanaticism and use public awareness to combat it
9) Demand representation and recognition of pakistan’s multinational community in the federal

system based on a right to self-determination for all nations
10) Replace existing, oppressive state institutions with democratic infrastructure that is
responsive to needs of the population
Its campaigns include electoral reforms, kachi abadis and housing struggles, land reforms,
contest uneven development, water reform, religious tolerance, women’s empowerment, debt
cancellation and reduction in military expenditure.
The party’s vice-president, baba jan, is currently serving a life time prison sentence for
participating in riots related to the 2010 attabad landslide in which he organized the local
displaced population to demand the government to provide disaster relief and support.
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Funding
funding for the party is through donors, sponsors and party funds.
General elections 2013

In the pakistani general election, 2013 the party received 18,650 votes or 0.04% of the national
share
Awp in gilgit-baltistan
Awp is active in politics of gilgit-baltistan. It has taken interest in protests against government of
pakistan, for it is lacking in gilgit baltistan. Awp is accused of being anti-pakistani, but party has
rejected all such claims.
Awp took part in elections of 2015. Baba jan was awp's candidate, in gbla-6 constituency. Jan
bagged most votes after pmln's mir gazanfar ali. New elections in gbla-6 are expected to be held
in september 2016 after the seat became vacant on mir gazanfar's appointment as governor of
gilgit baltistan.
Electoral history of awami workers party since 2013
General Voting Voting Seating Presiding Parliamentary

elections percentile turnout graph chair of position
the party
2013 0.04% 18,650 /272 Abid National
hassan assembly
minto
2018 0.01% 18/297 Mr. National
Fanoos assembly
gujjar
Tehrik-e-Jafaria
Pakistan (TJP) is a Shia Muslim sectarian religious organization in Pakistan. It originated after
splitting from Tehrik-e-Nifaz-e-Fiqh-e-Jafaria which is being led by Agha Syed Hamid Ali Shah
Moosavi. After being declared as proscribed by the Government of Pakistan on 14 January 2002,
TJP started operating under the new name of Islami Tehrik.
It was originally formed in 1979 under the name Tehrik-e-Nifaz-e-Fiqh-e-Jafaria (TNFJ) to resist
anti-Shia laws (introduced by General Zia ul Haq during his martial law) by the late Mufti Jafar
Hussain, the late Lieutenant Colonel Syed Fida Hussain Naqvi and others, and TJP effectively
campaigned against Zia-ul-Haq by besieging the President's Secretariat, Islamabad for several
days.
History:
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After the death of Mufti Jafar Hussain TNFH split into two groups named TNFJ-Agha Syed
Hamid Ali Shah Moosavi group and TNFJ-Arif Hussaini group respectively due to ideological
differences between the two leaders. Arif Hussain Hussaini, a student of Ruhollah
Khomeini who led the Iranian Revolution, was the group's leader.
Its creation coincided with the Shia revolution in

Iran and enforcement of controversial Islamic laws
by the military ruler of Pakistan, General Zia-ul-
Haq. The revolution in predominantly Shia
Iran around the same time gave an added boost to
the organisation. Its leader, Arif Hussain Hussaini
was a student of the leader of Iran's Islamic
Revolution, Ruhollah Khomeini.
Later in 1988, Arif Hussain Hussaini changed the

name of his group from TNFJ-Arif Hussaini group
to Tehrik-e-Jafaria (TJP) while Agha Syed Hamid
Ali Shah Moosavi's group retained the name of
TNFJ and has been operating under the same name
since. The TJP founder, Arif Hussain Hussaini was assassinated in 1988 by unknown attackers;
the defunct sectarian group Sipah-e-Sahaba was accused.
Arif Hussain Hussaini, the patron-in-chief of the TJP, was shot dead in Peshawar near his
mosque/seminary while going to lead the morning prayer on August 5, 1988. Since then, T.J.P.
has been led by Hussaini's one of the foremost companions Syed Sajid Ali Naqvi.
Following the death of Zia-ul-Haq, support for the TJP fell, as Pakistani Shias went back to pre-
Zia-ul-Haq political loyalties, with many no longer feeling under threat. Furthermore, the
elections of moderate Benazir Bhutto also gave increased confidence to Shia Muslims and they
were no longer under threat and the discrimination ended even though it still exist against the
Pakistani Shias.
Jafaria Students Organization Pakistan, founded in 1997, is the student wing of TJP.
Ideology:
According to TJP, Islam is and was the basic ideology of Pakistan; by deviating this ideology a
conspiracy was made to make Pakistan a sectarian state in the period of General Zia-ul-Haq, a
dictator. At this stage, the formation of TNFJ was deemed necessary for the failure of this
conspiracy.
The main objective of this organisation was to protect the rights of Shia Muslims of Pakistan
and give them a voice in the Parliament of Pakistan. They do not advocate a Shia Islamic state
and have cordial relations with Sunni organization including Sunni Ittehad Council, that is why
they joined the coalition of religious political parties Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal that won 53 out
of 272 elected members in legislative elections held on October 20, 2002.
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Sanctions:
On January 12, 2002, the TJP was banned along with three terrorist organizations, by the
government of Pakistan.
The TJP was banned twice by Pervez Musharraf's government and in January 2002, its leaders
were arrested. The T.J.P. was banned again on November 5, 2011, while Pakistan's Shias
experienced increasing attacks since 2005 by the Pakistani Taliban, Sipah-e-Sahaba, Lashkar-e-
Jhangvi, Jundullah and Jaish-e-Mohammed.
Although TJP has been designated as a "terrorist organisation", Qazi Hussain Ahmad, a senior
member of Pakistani Parliament and the leader of Jamaat-e-Islami, Pakistan's oldest Islamist
party, says the banned groups have no ties with the militants. He notes that one organization is
part of the Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal, the major opposition alliance of religious parties, which
also includes Ahmad's group.
As far as T.J.P. is concerned, it is a part of Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal, and it is a political

organization, it is not a militant organization.
Coalition:
It was a part of the Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal coalition of Islamist political parties that won
11.3% of the popular vote and 53 out of 272 seats in the legislative elections held on October 20,
2002. In May 2008, it was reported that Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan's emir Qazi Hussain Ahmad
was considered heading the six-party Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal. Qazi Hussain Ahmad said that
he would consider rejoining the MMA after consulting with the executive council of his party
and some other seniors. Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F)'s chief Fazl-ur-Rahman had tasked Sajid
Naqvi of TJP with contacting Qazi Hussain Ahmad and bringing him round to rejoining the
alliance. Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan, also known as Tehrik-e-Islami, should not be confused with a
short-lived outfit named Tehrik-e-Islami that was one of three groups of
Pakistani Talibanoperating during 2008 in Darra Adam Khel, a semi-tribal area known officially
as the Frontier Region of Kohat. The Tehrik-e-Islami and the Pakistan Taliban became active in
the area in mid-2007. The former Tehrik-e-Islami was founded by a local Afridi tribesman
named Muneer Khan, while the Islamic Taliban was founded by Momin Afridi. The groups later
merged and became part of the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan. Both leaders were killed in a military
operation in the area in 2008.
Awami National Party
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The Awami National Party (ANP) is a secular and leftist Pashtun nationalistpolitical party in
Pakistan. The party was founded by Abdul Wali Khan in 1986 and its current president is Bakht
Zaman, grandson of Bacha Zaman, with Tajuddin Khan serving as the Secretary-General. Part of
the PPP-led cabinet of the Pakistani government during
2008−13, the ANP's political position is considered left
wing, advocating for secularism, democratic
socialism, public sectorgovernment,and economic
egalitarianism.
ANP was the largest Pashtun nationalist party in Pakistan
between 2008−2013 with influence lying in the Pashtun
dominated areas in and around Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa.
They governed the province from 2008-2013 but lost to Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf in the general
election of 2013.
History:
Khan Abdul Wali Khan's political career had been built on the tradition of intense Pashtun
nationalism inherited from his father, Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan (Bacha Khan). Although it was
formed after the partition of India but most of the leaders were Pro-India, and were against the
creation of Pakistan. Most of the leaders were used to congress right hands before the
independence. Both men were opposed to the creation of Pakistan, and after the proclamation
of independence of Pakistan in 1947, they were imprisoned. In 1956 Wali Khan joined
the National Awami Party (NAP), led by a charismatic Bengali socialist, Abdul Hamid Khan
Bhashani. In 1965 the NAP split into two factions, with Wali Khan becoming president of the
pro-Moscow faction.[4] The party's members participated in 1970 parliamentary elections through
the Pakistan Peoples Party's platform and the National Awami Party, forming a largest socialist
alliance with Zulfikar Ali Bhutto in 1970. However, the alliance fell apart and its members
joined the Pakistan National Alliance.
In 1972 the party was strong enough to form coalition provincial governments, with its partner
the Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (JUI) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan. These governments
were short lived. Wali Khan was again jailed, and his party was barred from politics when
the Supreme Court upheld the finding of President Bhutto that the NAP was conspiring against
the state of Pakistan. General Zia-ul-Haq subsequently withdrew the charges against the NAP.
Wali Khan was released, joined the National Democratic Party, and ultimately formed the
Awami National Party. In the meantime, President Bhutto was imprisoned and executed in April
1979.
Formation and Struggle for Democracy:

Main article: Democracy in Pakistan
The Awami National Party (awami means "people's"), which depends on

ethnic Pashtuns (Pukhtuns) of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (formerly NWFP) and
northern Balochistan as its political base, was formed in 1986 by the merger of several left-
leaning parties including the Awami Tehrik and the National Democratic Party.
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The National Democratic Party merged with several other progressive political and nationalist
groups to form the Awami National Party. Wali Khan, the influential Pashtun and Soviet-backed
leader, was elected as its first president and Sindhi socialist Rasul Bux Palejo was appointed its
first secretary general. From 1986 to 1988, the ANP party was a member of the Movement for
Restoration of Democracy.
Alliance with Pakistan People’s Party (PPP):

Since its inception, the ANP has been an important ally of the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP). The
party formed a coalition government with the PPP in Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, and
in Sindh province and Islamabad for central government after the Pakistani parliamentary
elections in 1988. This alliance, however, collapsed in April 1989 after differences cropped up
between the two parties, after Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto ordered a military action that
brutally failed. The Awami National Party later formed an alliance with the Pakistan Muslim
League (PML) in early June 1989 which led to a formal split in the party with many activists
allying with the PPP.
After the election of Nawaz Sharif in 1990, the ANP again formed a coalition with former rivals
PML. This alliance proved longer lasting, surviving till 1998 when it collapsed over differences
over the building of Kalabagh Dam and renaming the province NWFP to Pakhtunkhwa. It won
six seats in the National Assembly in the 1990 elections. In the 1993 national elections, the party
won three seats in the National Assembly It then joined the Grand Democratic Alliance,
campaigning against the Sharif government's policies. After Nawaz Sharif's overthrow by Pervez
Musharraf, the party stayed an active member of the Alliance for Restoration of Democracy,
until the 2001 September 11 attacks in the United States, when it left the alliance over
supporting NATO's ouster of the Taliban government. The party's reputation was damaged in
this period following the arrest of former Federal Minister and senior party leader Azam Khan
Hoti.
In the 2002 elections the party struck up an alliance with the PPP. However, both parties were
electorally routed in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa by the religion-political alliance Muttahida Majlis-e-
Amal (MMA) riding on a wave of anti-American sentiment in Pakistan.
In the 2008 parliamentary elections, the ANP dominated the far-right wing coalition, the MMA,
a party formed by coalition of Islamic movements in 2002. The ANP has also won provincial
seats in Balochistan and in Sindh for the first time in 15 years. It formed a coalition government
with the Pakistan People's Party in all three provinces. In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the ANP has its
first chief minister since 1948.
The strongholds of the ANP are in the Pashtun dominated areas of Pakistan, particularly in
the Mardan area of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and it has traditionally dominated Charsadda,
Mardan, Nowshera, Peshawar, and Swabi areas of central KPK. On the other hand, the city of
Karachi in Sindh province hosts one of the largest Pashtun populations in the world, but the ANP
only had 2 seats in 2011, whereas the number of Pashtuns present would predict them having "up
to 25 seats"
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Recent events:
Main articles: Pakistani general election, 2013 and Pakistani Senate election, 2015
In May 2008, Asfandyar Wali Khan made an unannounced visit to the United States in which he
and his delegate held high-level meetings with top U.S. officials. A source explained that "the
delegation is here as part of a visitors programme that brings important people from other nations
for meeting US civil and military officials and members of the civic society." This was Wali
Khan's second such visit to the United States, a country where he has several relatives.
In the last decade, hundreds of members of the ANP have been assassinated or became victims
of target killings. Most of the attacks occurred in the Karachi and Peshawarareas. An ANP rally
in Quetta was subject to a bomb blast on 13 July 2012. The blast killed six people and injured 12
others. It was speculated that a cycle parked behind the stage was the probable cause. The dead
included two children as well
The party has also accused Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf chairman Imran Khan and of being
complicit in the Taliban attacks.
On 10 July 2018, during the Pakistani general election, 2018 there was a suicide bombing
attack on political rally of Awami National Party (ANP) in yakatoot neighborhood
of Peshawar in which fourteen people were killed and sixty five injured. Among the killed was
ANP's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Assembly candidate, Haroon Bilour. Bilour was son of Bashir
Ahmad Bilour who was also killed in a suicide bombing attack in December 2012. Elections
for Constituency PK-78 were postponed to an disclosed date by the Election Commission.
Ideology:
The official flag of the party, which represents red color, inspired by the Red Shirt (Khudai
Khidmatgar) non-violent movement of Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan
The party espouses a nonviolent approach to tackling extremism. It promotes democratic

socialism, secularism, economic egalitarianism, and Pashtun nationalism. The party has dense
support among the Pashtun population in the country. Since 2000, its liberal socialism and pro-
Pashtun philosophy has become the integral part of the party, advocating for the regional
autonomy and increased Pashtun cultural expression. A frequent coalition partner in provincial
politics, it was routed in the 2002 elections because of its opposition to the Taliban and support
for the NATO-backed Karzai administration in neighboring Afghanistan.
It joined the opposition All Parties Democratic Movement, and along with other parties except
the Pakistan People’s Party resigned from Parliament in October 2007 in protest against the
military regime of Pervez Musharraf. It was targeted in 2007 and 2008 by presumed supporters
of the Taliban. Despite the attacks, the party has advocated dialogue with moderate tribal
elements to end the violence in the Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Federally
Administered Tribal Areas.
ANP leaders:
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The Awami National Party is one of the few parties in Pakistan to hold a system of regular
internal general elections every four-year period.
Presidents:
o 1986−1990 Abdul Wali Khan

o 1991−1999 Ajmal Khattak
o 1999−2002 Asfandyar Wali
o 2002−2003 Ehsan Wyne
o 2011−present Asfandyar Wali Khan
 Others:
o Afzal Khan Lala
o Ghulam Ahmad Bilour
o Shahi Sayed, Provincial President ANP Sindh
o Bashir Ahmad Bilour
o Ameer Haider Khan Hoti, Provincial President ANP Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa
o Abdul Nabi Bangash
o Baaz Mohammad Khan
o Muhammad Umar (politician)
o Malik juma khan District nowshera president
o Malik sirtaj khan
o Haji Muhammad Adeel
o Qazi Anwar
o Mian Iftikhar Hussain
o Zahid Khan
o Younas Bunairee
o Shehryar Khan, Senior Vice President Awami National Party Swabi
o Amir Rehman, District Nazim Swabi
o Abdullah Khan - President Awami National Party - United Arab Emirates
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PAKISTAN STUDIES

Pakistan Tehreek-I-Insaf (PTI)

Promises & Oaths

● Imran Khan (founder and chairperson)

Pakistani State Cracked Down on Tehreek-e-Labbaik

Pakistan Muslim league (N):

1988 general elections:

1990 general elections:

1993 elections and opposition:

1997 elections and power politics:

2002 general elections:

2008 parliamentary election:

2013 general elections:

Pakistan people party:

Foundation and history:

1970 election and 1971 war:

parliamentary democracy. On 4 January 1970, ZA Bhutto officially launched his elections

PPP in Power - Bhutto era:

Pak sar zameen party

Psp office attack

Pakistan awami tehreek

Pakistan awami ittehad

muhammad tahir-ul-qadri to ward off political victimization. Martyr of democracy, shaheed

Resignation from national assembly

On 29 November 2004, Qadri announced his resignation as a member of the national

Long march 2013

Unrest march 2014

Introduction: Jamaat-e-Islami, abbreviated JI, is a socially

Flag of Jammat e Islami:

That's the flag of the party Jamiat Al Islami. At least

● Abul A'la Maududi (1940–1972)

● Mian Tufail Mohammad (1972–1987)

● Qazi Hussain Ahmad (1987–2008)

● Syed Munawar Hassan (2008–2014)

● Siraj ul Haq (2014–present)

● Khurshid Ahmad (Islamic scholar)

Muttahida Qaumi Movement:

● Qasim Ali Raza

Election Boycott 2018:

Jamiat Ulema-E Islam (F)

President Maulana Fazl-ur-

Formation Founder Mufti

Political position Right-Wing

National affiliation Muttahida Majlis-e-

History since 2002

Awami Workers Party or People's Workers

President Fanoos Gujjar

General Secretary Akhtar Hussain

Vice President Abida Chaudhry

Deputy General Secretary Ismat Shahjahan

Senior Vice President Yousuf Masti Khan

Finance Secretary Shazia Khan

Information Secretary Farman Ali

Founded November 2012

Merger of Labour Party Pakistan

Student wing National Students

Ideology Democratic socialism

Political position Left-wing

Colors Red, White