Proceedings: 2018 International Conference On Applied Science and Technology (iCAST-ES)
Proceedings: 2018 International Conference On Applied Science and Technology (iCAST-ES)
Proceedings: 2018 International Conference On Applied Science and Technology (iCAST-ES)
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PROCEEDINGS
2018 International Conference on
Applied Science and Technology
for Engineering Science
(iCAST-ES)
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2018 International Conference
on Applied Science and Technology
for Engineering Science
(iCAST-ES)
October 26-27, 2018
Manado, Indonesia
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Preface
Official Website
http://icast.politeknik.or.id
http://icast2018.polimdo.ac.id
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2018 International Conference on Applied Science and Technology (ICAST)
Abstract—The rice fields in Mentayan village is one of the study focuses on the area of rice field A with an area of 71
granaries Bantan District, Bengkalis Regency, Riau, that have Ha, was conducted by two alternative models of planting
a problem is the lack of irrigation water source availability so pattern. From the results of analyzing the two models, the
that the process of rice cultivation can only be done once in a most water availability will be selected and discussed. By
year (rainy season). It is necessary to analyze the irrigation this analysis, it can be known the lack of irrigation water due
water demand due to changes in the planting pattern. This to changes in planting pattern.
study focuses on the analysis of irrigation water needed to
irrigate the area of rice field A with an area of 71 Ha. From the
two alternative models of planting pattern by using the II. HYDROLOGY ANALYSIS
calculation of debt mainstay of F.J. Mock balance method, the Some hydrological parameters that must be considered
alternative cropping pattern I selected because it has a to meet the needs of irrigation water are:
percentage of water demand is met greater than the alternative
planting pattern II. A. Evapotranspiration
The factors affecting potential evapotranspiration are air
Keywords—hydrological analysis, discharge of required,
temperature, wind speed, air humidity, and solar irradiation.
discharge mainstay
Potential evapotranspiration was calculated using the
modified Penman formula [3] as follows:
I. INTRODUCTION
Eto = c [w . Rn (1 - w) . f(u) . (ea - ed) (1)
Water is the main resource for driving the wheels of
agricultural enterprises so that the amount of agricultural
B. Effective Rain
production is also determined by the water availability. A
number of engineering efforts have been done by the parties Effective rain is the rainfall in irrigation area that can be
involved in agriculture to increase the capacity and quality of directly utilized to meet the water needs for plants. For rice
the water. There is not all of the land agriculture had field irrigation, the effective monthly rainfall is 70% of the
adequate water availability as well as in the area of farming minimum monthly rainfall with a five year return period. The
in Mentayan village. effective price of rice crops are [4]:
Re = 70% . R80 (2)
R80 = (n/5) + 1 (3)
C. Percolation
Percolation is the downward water movement of the
unsaturated zone that lies between the surface to the surface
of the ground water (saturated zone). The rate of percolation
depends on the properties of the soil. Percolation rate can
reach 1 - 3 mm / day [4].
D. Planting Pattern
Planting pattern is a system for determining the types of
the plants or for the rotation of plants production adapted to
the water supply.
Figure. 1. Location of Mentayan Village Rice Field E. Water Requirements for Soil Processing
Mentayan village rice field is one of the granaries of The irrigation water requirement is the required water
Bantan sub-district, Bengkalis Regency, Riau, that has an requirement from the soil to the harvest time to determine the
area of 240 Ha of rice fields. It is divided into three zones. amount of water required by using the method developed by
Currently, the problems in Mentayan rice field was sourced Van de Goor and Zijlstra [4]:
from the lack of irrigation water sources availability so that
the process of rice cultivation can only be done once a year IR = M. ek / (ek – 1) (4)
in the rainy season. M = E0 + P (5)
To overcome this problem, needed the analysis of E0 = 1,1 Et0 (6)
irrigation water needs due to changes in planting pattern, this
k = MT / S (7)
IV. METHODS
The study began with the identification of problems in
the field and literature studies, then data collection was
carried out. After the data has been collected, the calculation
of the hydrological analysis and discharge mainstay is done
using the FJ balance method. Mock, where hydrological
analysis is carried out on two alternative models of planting
pattern. From the hydrological analysis and discharge
mainstay, the percentage of water demand will be obtained
from two alternative models of larger planting pattern as
recommendations. For more details, the research flowchart
can be seen in Figure 2.
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TABLE II. THE CALCULATION OF POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION (ET0)
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TABLE VI. THE CALCULATION DISCHARGE OF REQUIRED ON THE RICE FIELD (ALTERNATIVE II)
Figure. 3. Comparison of discharge mainstay and discharge of required for alternative models I and II
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Figure. 4. Percentage of fulfilled discharge of required for alternative models I and II
From table VII, figure 3 and figure 4, the calculation of [4] Departemen Pekerjaan Umum, Standar Perencanaan Irigasi KP-01,
the discharge mainstay, the minimum water availability Direktorat Jenderal Pengairan, Jakarta : Departemen Pekerjaan
Umum, 2010.
obtained is 0.010 m3/sec on February while maximum
[5] B. Triatmodjo, Hidrologi Terapan, Beta Offset, Yogyakarta, 2008.
discharge mainstay is 0.027 m3/sec on October. Water
shortages occur from April to November if using alternative
planting pattern I, whereas if using alternative II planting
pattern, the period of non-fulfillment of water needs occurs
from February to May and July to October, if an alternative
comparison of planting pattern is based on planting time who
need water, then the alternative planting pattern I has a
fulfilled percentage value greater than alternative II, so that
in this study determined using alternative planting pattern I
With the application of alternative planting pattern I,
there is the water shortage. The authors recommend that the
shortage of water needs is overcome by the building of long
storage by utilizing the existing ditch around the rice field
area due to the consideration in land acquisition.
VI. CONCLUSION
• The availability of water in the form of discharge
mainstay of Mentayan rice field by using FJ Mock's
balance sheet method, the minimum water availability is
0,010 m3 / sec in February while maximum debit is 0,027
m3 / sec in October.
• From the two alternative models of planting pattern, the
alternative I was chosen based on the percentage of the
fulfilled water requirement that greater than the
alternative planting pattern II
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We would like to thank all parties involved in this research
specifically to P3M Bengkalis State Polytechnic who has
supported this research through funding scheme of research
proposal Lecturer of PNBP Polbeng Fund.
REFERENCES
[1] Direktorat Prasarana dan Sarana Pertanian, Pedoman Teknis
Pengembangan Embung/Dam Parit/Long Storage 2015, Jakarta, 2015
[2] A. Y. Imawan, M. A. Faozan, Suharyanto, and P. Nugroho,
“Perencanaan Long Storage pada Bendung Cipero Kabupaten Tegal,”
Jurnal Karya Teknik Sipil, vol. 4, pp. 155–163, 2015.
[3] Sudjarwai, Pengantar Teknik Irigasi, Yogyakarta, Universitas Gajah
Mada, 1979.
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