Bio Eoc Review Session 1 Questions 11-12
Bio Eoc Review Session 1 Questions 11-12
Bio Eoc Review Session 1 Questions 11-12
Cells: Prokaryotes (bacteria): lack a nucleus, few organelles; Eukaryotes (everything else: including
plants & animals): have a nucleus & many organelles
Plant cells: have a vacuole (store water), chloroplasts (carry out photosynthesis), and a cell wall made
of cellulose
Animal cells: centrioles (for division), NO CELL WALL, NO CHLOROPLASTS!
ALL CELLS: have a cell membrane, cytoplasm, genetic material (DNA or RNA), and ribosomes (site of
protein synthesis)
1. The diagram to the right is the monomer of nucleic acids. What is this monomer?
a. amino acid
b. saccharide
c. 3 fatty acids & glycerol
d. nucleotide
Nitrogen (N) is used and reused by various organisms and processes as it cycles through
the environment.
5. Study the statement above. Nitrogen is NOT a part of which of these biomolecules?
a. enzyme
b. amino acid
c. nucleic acid
d. carbohydrates
6. Study the statement above. Why is nitrogen important to living things?
a. Nitrogen is a key component of all carbohydrates.
b. Nitrogen is a key component of proteins.
c. Nitrogen is a key component of cellulose.
d. Nitrogen is a key component of lipids.
Specific biomolecules serve various functions in the body.
7. Study the statement above. Identify the molecule, which is broken down during respiration
forming water and carbon dioxide and releasing energy.
a. deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
b. glucose
c. nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)
d. hemoglobin
8. Study the statement given above. Identify the molecule which forms when the chemical bond
between two phosphate groups in an ATP molecule is broken.
a. hemoglobin
b. glucose
c. adenosine diphosphate (ADP)
d. nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)
9. Study the statement above. Identify the molecule which stores energy in its chemical bonds for
quick, easy use by cells.
a. nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)
b. glucose
c. hemoglobin
d. adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
10. Study the statement above. Identify the molecule which is found in red blood cells that binds to
oxygen and carries oxygen from the lungs to the bodys cells.
a. glucose
b. deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
c. nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)
d. hemoglobin
Four major groups of organic compounds are particularly important to living things. Most
life processes rely on molecules from one or more of these groups.
11. Refer to the information above. To which group do sugars belong?
a. nucleic acids
b. proteins
c. lipids
d. carbohydrates
12. Refer to the information above. To which group do RNA molecules belong?
a. nucleic acids
b. proteins
c. lipids
d. carbohydrates
13. Refer to the information above. To which group do enzymes belong?
a. lipids
b. proteins
c. carbohydrates
14. Refer to the information above. To which group do oils belong?
d. nucleic acids
a. nucleic acids
b. carbohydrates
c. lipids
d. proteins
15. Study the diagram below which illustrates the cyclic nature of the formation and breakdown of the
molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP). What happens when the chemical bond, which attaches the
third phosphate group to the molecule is broken?
20. Refer to the information and graphic above. Guard cells from a tomato plant are kidney-bean
shaped. Which cell type would you expect to look most similar to tomato guard cells?
a. root cells from a tomato plant
b. guard cells from a marigold plant
c. leaf palisade cells from a tomato plant
d. stem cells from a corn plant
Guard cells are pairs of cells that surround stomata, which are small openings or pores in
the leaf. Guard cells control the opening and closing of the stomatal pores.
21. Refer to the information and graphic above. The guard cells determine whether or not the stomatal
pores are open. When guard cells absorb water, they swell, and the pores open. When guard cells lose
water, they shrink, and the pores close. When stomata are open the plant loses water through the pores
in a process known as transpiration. What is the most likely effect on the plant if the guard cells stay
swollen on a hot day?
a. The plant will turn yellow.
c. The plant will lose its leaves.
b. The plant will wilt.
d. The plants roots will grow.
22. Suzanne is looking at different types of muscle tissue using a microscope. She notices that cells
from a stomach muscle (A) look smooth and spindle-shaped, while tissue from leg muscle appears to be
striped (B). What is the reason that the two tissue types look different?
26. Like complex carbohydrates, proteins are biomolecules that serve many functions and can be
chemically broken down and restructured. Both proteins and complex carbohydrates are which of the
following?
a. polymers of smaller subunits
b. sequences of sugars
c. lipids of large molecules
d. nucleotides of DNA
27. An iodine solution is placed on the cut side of a potato. Within seconds, a blue-black color
appears. What is most likely occurring?
a. a positive test for proteins
b. a positive test for starches
c. a negative test for proteins
d. a negative test for starches
28. The diagram below represents a cell.
Which organelle is the site where amino acids are synthesized into proteins?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
29. RNA and DNA are which type of organic compound?
a. carbohydrate
b. lipid
c. nucleic acid
d. protein
30. This diagram shows an enzyme-substrate complex.
c. enzyme
d. complex
31. What will most likely happen if an appropriate enzyme is added to a chemical reaction?