Lgefr I, Oe /KKS"K.KK I : Aa Jhaa

AA JhAA
lgefr i= ,oe /kks"k.kk i=

eSa izHkqn;ky iq= Jh lqok tkfr czkge.k fuoklh xzke
chyok rglhy lkaxkusj ftyk t;iqj jktLFkku dk gwa %&
tks fd xzke chyok rglhy lkaxkusj ftyk t;iqj esa fLFkr
vkjkth [kljk uEcj 363] 364] 394] 400] 402] 406] 700]
701 703] 705 o 704 dqy fdrk 11 dqy jdck 28 ch/kk 3
fcLok tks rugk lqok ds uke ls gS [kljk uecj 736] 740 ls
749] 752 dqy fdrk 12 dqy jdck 17 ch/kk 6 fcLok ds
fgLlk 1@2 [kljk uEcj 364] 401 o 407@1 fdrk 3 jdck 10
ch/kk 2 fcLok fgLlk 3@4 lqok iq= Jh ckyw ds uke gS
ftlds u;s tehu ds [kljk uEcj 566] 627] 646] 632] 651]
649@2064] 628@2134] 631@2144] 568] 569] 572 ls
576] 612] 616] 618 ls 622 o 623 @2082] 513] 626]
647] 652] 653] 628@2135 o 512@2136 cus gSa A
2
tks fd mijksDr vkjkth dks lqok iq= Jh ckyw us esjh
lgefr ls eSllZ fj)h fl)h MoyilZ tfj;s ikVZuj Jh jkts'k t;iqfj;k
iq= Jh galjkt t;iqfj;k fuoklh ch&9 f'ko ekxZ cuhikdZ
t;iqj dks fodz; dj fn;k gS A eSa mDr fodz; dh x;h Hkwfe
esa [kkrsnkj ugh gwa u esjk dksbZ fgLlk gS A vxj esjk
dksbZ fgLlk lqok ds }kjk cSBdj fd;s x;s caVokjs esa
cusxk rks eSa vius fgLls dk fodz; ewY; lqok iq= ckyw
ls izkIr dj ywaxk A vr% lqok iq= ckyw ds }kjk eSllZ fj)h
fl)h MoyilZ dks fodz; dh xbZ Hkwfe ij esjk dskbZ ,rjkt
ugh gS rFkk Hkfo"; esa eSa mDr Hkwfe ij fdlh izdkj dk
dksVZ dsl okn fookn >xMk VUVk vkfn mRiUu ugh
d:axk A
tks fd mijksDr vkjkth ds lEcU/k esa tks nkok
/kks"k.kk caVokjk o LFkkbZ fu"ks?kkKk dk U;k;ky;
mi[k.M vf/kdkjh t;iqj ds ;gak fopkjk/khu gS mlesa
jkthukek gks x;k gS A ml okn dks okfil ysus esa eq>s
dksbZ ,rjkt ugh gS rFkk mDr nkosa dks eSa ugh pykuk
pkgrk ga o okn dks okfil ysus dk vkosnu izLrqr dj
nwaxk A
tks fd mDr Hkwfe ds lEcU/k esa /kkjk 145 lhvkj ihlh
dk izdj.k pyk jgk gSA pwfd eSa mDr fodz; ls lger gwa
vkSj gekjs vkil esa jkthukek Hkh gks x;k gS blfy;s /kkjk
145 lhvkjihlh ds izdj.k dks okfil ys ywaxk rFkk tks jde
jhlhoj ds ikl tek gS mls lqok iq= ckyw gh izkIr djus dk
vf/kdkj gksxk A
vr% ;g lgefr i=- esus iw.kZ gks'k gokl esa fcuk
fdlh ncko ds fLFkj cqf) rFkk LoLFk fpr voLFkk esa fy][k
fn;k gS rkfd oDr t:jr dke vkosa o lun jgsA
gLrk{kj lgefrdrkZ %&
xokg
xokg
AA Jh AA
%% bdjkjukek %%
vkt ;g bdjkjukek vkt fnuakd dks

jkeukjk;.k vk;q o"kZ iq= Jh ukjk;.k dqekor tkfr
dqekor fuoklh xzke iapk;r csxl Qrsgiqjk rglhy
t;iqj fodszrk ftUgs bl bdjkjukeasa esa vkxs pydj
'kCn izFkei{k ds uke ls lEcksf/kr fd;k x;k gS dh
vksj ls
cgd
Jh fufru oekZ vk;q o"kZ iq= tkfr
ukbZ fuoklh tkscusj ftyk t;iqj dszrk jktLFkku
ftUgs bl bdjkjukesa esa vkxs pydj 'kCn f}rh;i{k
ds uke ls lEcksf/kr fd;k x;k gS ds fgr esa
bdjkjukek fuEu izdkj ls fu"ikfnr fd;k tkrk gS %&
tks fd izFkei{k ds LokfeRo o vf/kdkj ,d IykV

la[;k 98 Jhjkeuxj dkyokM jksM >ksVokMk t;iqj
esa fLFkr gS A ftldh uki iwoZ if'pe 45 QhV mRrj
nf{k.k 36 QhV ftldk dqy {ks=Qy 180 oxZxt gS
ftldh pkjksa lhekvksa esa iwoZ dh vksj jksM
30QhV pkSMh vken jQr ljdkjh if'pe dh vksj IykV
uEcj 109 feyk gqvk mRrj dh vksj IykV la[;k 99
feyk gqvk rFkk nf{k.k dh vksj IykV uEcj 97 feyk
gqvk fLFkr gSaA mDr of.kZr IykV izFkei{k ds
uke ls Jhturk dks&vkijsfVo gkmflx lkSlk;Vh fy0
t;iqj jftLVªs'ku uEcj 1571,y dh ;kstuk vkbZ ,Q
esa tfj;s vkoaVui= ds }kjk vkoafVr gqvk gSA
ftlds ckcr pkgh x;h leLr jkf'k izFkei{k us mDr
lfefr esa fu;ekuqlkj tek djk dj fnuakd 6 tqykbZ
1980 bZLoh dks ekSds ij okLrfod ekfydkuk dCtk
izkIr dj fy;kAmlh fnu dCtk izkIr dj fy;k A bl izdkj
izFkei{k mijksDr IykV dk fcuk fdlh vU; O;fDr ds
lhj ,oa lk>s ds ,dek= ekfyd Lokeh o vf/kdkjh
gSA tks izFkei{k dh vkSj ds izR;sd izdkj ds
>xMs&VUaVs] okn&fookn] tekur ,oa tulk/kkj.k
vkfn ls eqDr gS ftls izFkei{k dks vius mi;ksx o
miHkksx esa ysus jgu foØ; iq.; c['kh'k djus ds
lEiw.kZ ekfydkuk LoRokf/kdkj izkIr gS
;g fd izFkei{k fodszrk dks orZeku esa

:i;ksa dh vko';drk gksus ds dkj.k izFkei{k
fodszrk vius mijksDr vkoafVr IykV uEcj 98
{ks=Qy 180 oxZxt okds Jhjkeuxj dkyokM jksM
>ksVokMk t;iqj esa ls nf{k.kh vksj ds fgLls IykV
ftldh uki iwoZ if'pe 45 QhV mRrj nf{k.k 20QhV
ftldk dqy {ks=Qy 100 oxZxt ftldh pkjksa
lhekvksa esa iwoZ dh
3
vksj jksM 30QhV if'pe dh vksj IykV uEcj 109
feyk gqvk mRrj dh vksj IykV uEcj 98 dk mRrjh
fgLlk IykV la[;k 98, feyk gqvk rFkk nf{k.k dh
vksj IykV la[;k 97 feyk gqvk gS dks lEiw.kZ dks
lEiw.kZ LoRoksa o vf/kdkjksa lfgr fcuk j[ksa vius
fdlh Hkh gd o va'k ds eqcfyx 1]51]000@&:i;s
v{kjs ,dyk[k bD;kou gtkj :i;s ds cnys f}rh;i{k
dszrk dks fodz; djus dk bdjkj djrk gS dz; fodz;
dh 'krsZ nksuksa i{kksa ds e/; fuEufyf[kr fuf'pr
gq;h gS ftu 'krksZ ls nksuksa i{k o nksuksa
i{kks ds mRrjkf/kdkjh] izfrfuf/k LFkkukiUu vkfn
Hkh iw.kZ :i ls ikcUn gS o ikcUn jgsxs %&
¼1½ ;g fd izFkei{k us foØ; ewY; dh r;'kqnk

pqdrh 1]51]000@&:i;s v{kjs ,d yk[k bD;kou :i;s
izFkei{k fodszrk us f}rh;i{k dszrk ls vkt ;g
bdjkjukek fu"ikfnr djkrs le; le{k nks xokgku ds
pqdrh udn izkIr dj yh gS ftldh izkfIr gksuk
izFkei{k bl bdjkjukesa esa Lohdkj djrk gS vc
izFkei{k dks nf{k.kh fgLls IykV ds ckcr f}rh;i{k
dszrk ls dqN Hkh ysuk 'ks"k ugh jkgk gSa A
¼2½ ;g fd foØ; fd;s x;s nf{k.kh fgLls IykV ls

lacaf/kr leLr ewy dkxtkr dh QksVks izfr;k
izFkei{k us f}rh;i{kdks laHkykdj ekSds ij
okLrfod :i ls ekfydkuk dCtk laHkyk fn;kgS tks
dCtk laHkykuk izFkei{k fodszrk bl bdjkjukesa
esa Lohdkj djrk gS A
¼3½ ;ga fd foØ; fd;s x;s nf{k.kh fgLls IykV
ds ckcr vkt ls iwoZ dk dksbZ fdlh izdkj dk
>xMk&VUVk] okn&fookn] _.kHkkj ljdkjh]
v)Zljdkjh] tekur ,oa tulk/kkj.k vkfn dk dksbZ
cdk;k fudysxk rks
4
mu leLr dk fuiVkjk o vnk;xh izFkei{k foØsrk
Lo;a vius [kpsZ ls
djsssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss
xkA
¼4a½ ;g fd foØ; fd;s x;s nf{k.kh fgLls IykV >xMk

VUVk]okn fookn _.kHkkj ljdkjh ,oe cSd tekur
bR;kfn dk ik;k tkosxk rks mu leLr ds fuiVkjs o
vnk;xh dh ftEesnkjh izFkei{k fodszrk dh gksxh
A
¼5½ ;g fd fodz; fd;s x;s nf{k.kh fgLls IykV ds

ckcr tks tks vf/kdkj izFkei{K fodszrk dks izkIr
Fks os leLr ekfydkukvf/kdkj vc f}rh;i{k dszrk
dks izkIr gks x;s gS o jgsxs fodz; fd;s x;s
mijksDr fgLls IykV dks vc f}rh;i{k dszrk ftl rjg ls
Hkh pkgs vius mi;ksx o miHkksx esa ysos]viuh
bPNkuqlkj edkukr rkehjkr djok;s]ikuh fctyh dh
fQfVXl djkdj dusD'ku vius uke ls izkIr djs]Loa;
jgs fdlh dks Hkh jgu] fodz; dj gj izdkj ls ykHk o
Qk;ns mBkos] blesa izFkei{k dks o mlds vU;
okfjlkuksa vkfn dks dksbZ fdlh izdkj dh vkifRr
ugh gS vkSj uk gh Hkfo"; esa jgsxh A
¼6½;g fd fodz; fd;s x;s mijksDr nf{k.kh fgLls

IykV la[;k 98, {ks=Qy 80 oxZxt fLFkr Jhjkeuxj
dkyokM jksM >ksVokMk t;iqj dk f}rh;i{k dszrk
vius uke ls ;k vU; fdlh Hkh O;fDr ds uke ls ,d ;k
,d ls vf/kd fodz; i= rLnhd djokuk pkgsxk rks
izFkei{k fodszrk fodz; i= rLnhd djokus ds fy,
dkuwuu ck/; gS o ck/; jgsxk blh izdkj ;fn
f}rh;i{k mijksDr fgLls IykV dks lfefr ds fjdkMZ
esa vius uke ls ;k vU; fdlh Hkh O;fDr ds uke ls
uke gLrkUrj.k djokuk pkgsxk rks izFkei{K
fodszrk f}rh;i{K dszrk dk iw.kZ :I ls fyf[kr ,oe
5
ekSf[kd lg;ksx djus ds fy, dkuwuu ck/; gS o ck/;
jgsxk Aysfdu fodz; i= ;k uke gLrkUrj.k ij gksus
okyk leLr [kpkZ f}rh;i{k dszrk vykok fodz; ewY;
jkf'k ds Loa; ogu djsxkA
¼6½ ;g fd mijksDr 'krkZsa dh ikyuk u djus ij

f}rh;Ik{k dks izFkei{k ds fo:) gj izdkj dh
dkuwuh dk;Zokgh djus dk iw.kZ vf/kdkj gksxk A
vr% ;g bdjkjukek izFkei{k us viuh jkth

[kq'kh LoLFk fpr rFkk fLFkj cqf) dh voLFkk esa
f}rh;i{k dszrk ls ,MokUl jkf'k izkIr djuk Lohdkj dj
bls i< lqu]lkSp o le>k dj 100@& :i;s ds ,d LVkEi
o pkj ikbZ isijksa ij VkbZi djokdj le{k nks
xokgku ds izFkei{k us vius gLrk{kj dj fn;s gS fd
izek.k jgs vkSj le; ij dke vkosa A bfr fnukad
gLrk{kj izFkei{k foØsrk %&
gLrk{kj f}rh;i{k dszrk %&
xokg%&
Xkokg %&

Lgefr I, Oe /KKS"K.KK I : Aa Jhaa

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Lgefr I, Oe /KKS"K.KK I : Aa Jhaa

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AA JhAA

lgefr i= ,oe /kks"k.kk i=

vkt ;g bdjkjukek vkt fnuakd dks

tks fd izFkei{k ds LokfeRo o vf/kdkj ,d IykV

;g fd izFkei{k fodszrk dks orZeku esa

¼1½ ;g fd izFkei{k us foØ; ewY; dh r;'kqnk

¼2½ ;g fd foØ; fd;s x;s nf{k.kh fgLls IykV ls

¼4a½ ;g fd foØ; fd;s x;s nf{k.kh fgLls IykV >xMk

¼5½ ;g fd fodz; fd;s x;s nf{k.kh fgLls IykV ds

¼6½;g fd fodz; fd;s x;s mijksDr nf{k.kh fgLls

¼6½ ;g fd mijksDr 'krkZsa dh ikyuk u djus ij

vr% ;g bdjkjukek izFkei{k us viuh jkth

gLrk{kj izFkei{k foØsrk %&

gLrk{kj f}rh;i{k dszrk %&

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