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Horticulturae
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LED Lighting Effects on the Growth and Development of Fruits...
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LED Lighting Effects on the Growth and Development of Fruits and Vegetables

A special issue of Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524). This special issue belongs to the section "Protected Culture".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 May 2025 | Viewed by 1390

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Juan Valiente-Banuet

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Epigmenio González 500, Querétaro 76130, Mexico
Interests: Environmental physiology, horticultural sciences, greenhouse technology, precision agriculture
Dr. Hector Nuñez-Palenius

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
División de Ciencias de la Vida, Campus Irapuato-Salamanca, Universidad de Guanajuato, Agronomía, Ex Hacienda el Copal km 9, Carretera Irapuato-Silao, Irapuato 36500, Mexico
Interests: infectious diseases; Carnosol; in vitro; cultures; rosmarinus officinalis; rosemary; quantification; temporary immersion system; 6-benzylaminopurine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In horticultural production systems, light characteristics play a pivotal role in determining plant growth and morphology, as they do in flowering, final crop yield, and fruit quality. Artificial lighting utilizing light emitting diodes (LED lighting) allows for a more controlled growth environment that can improve the productivity of fruits and vegetables. In addition to the emission of specific wavelengths, LED lighting is more energy efficient than other light sources, which makes it particularly attractive in terms of reducing production costs.

The purpose of this Special Issue on “LED Lighting: Promoting the Growth and Development of Fruits and Vegetables” is to present innovative studies that have been successful in determining the advantages and possible drawbacks of the use of LED lighting in horticultural production. The use of LED lighting to improve growth conditions, either by providing optimum photosynthetic conditions, reduced-temperature production conditions, increased chlorophyll or photosynthetic pigments, or other effects on horticultural production systems, is of utmost interest for the production of high-quality commodities.

Dr. Juan Ignacio Valiente-Banuet
Dr. Hector Nuñez-Palenius
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Horticulturae is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • environmental physiology
  • flowering
  • fruit quality
  • fruit set
  • LED lighting characteristics
  • plant morphology
  • spectra
  • supplementary lighting
  • yield

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 1070 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Nighttime LED Lighting on Tomato Growth, Yield, and Nutrient Content of Fruits
by Inna V. Knyazeva, Olga Panfilova, Oksana Vershinina, Alexander A. Smirnov, Alexey S. Dorokhov and Ibrahim Kahramanoğlu
Horticulturae 2024, 10(12), 1259; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10121259 - 27 Nov 2024
Viewed by 229
Abstract
Food insecurity is a top economic and national security concern in many countries, and scientists worldwide are working to increase crop productivity in order to address this issue. In line with this information, the present study aimed to test the possibility of improving [...] Read more.
Food insecurity is a top economic and national security concern in many countries, and scientists worldwide are working to increase crop productivity in order to address this issue. In line with this information, the present study aimed to test the possibility of improving the yield and fruit quality of two tomato cultivars, namely ‘Vspyshka’ and ‘Lyana’. The effect of LSL (light of sodium lamps—control) and the short additional 4 h treatment of nighttime LED lighting (LSL+night LED) with an increase in the proportion of red, blue, and far-red spectra on tomato fruit yield as well as its physiological, biochemical, and consumer attributes were compared in this study. The results suggested that LSL+night LED significantly increased soluble solids concentration, vitamin C content, and polyphenolic compounds of tomato fruits, taking into account the varietal characteristics. Moreover, a moderate to high relationship was also observed between the polyphenolic complex, vitamin C content, and antioxidant activity. It was concluded that the LSL+night LED could further enhance the relationship between polyphenols and antioxidants, as well as soluble solids concentration. LSL+night LED treatment also provided an increased accumulation of five essential amino acids associated with the taste characteristics of fruits, namely histidine, valine, threonine, licin, and the sum of isoleucine. In addition, the contents of lysine and methionine increased in the ‘Lyana’ cultivar. LSL+night LED treatment was also noted to have a less pronounced effect on the contents of aspartic acid and asparagine, as bio stimulators of plant growth processes, as well as the amino acids arginine, serine, glycine, and tyrosine, which were additionally consumed to restore photosynthesis. LSL+night LED treatment reduced the concentration of nitrates in fruits, which is a toxic element for human health. Overall, the results of the study are believed to be demanded in practical applications, with potential benefits in improving the elements of resource-saving technology for growing vegetable crops. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue LED Lighting Effects on the Growth and Development of Fruits and Vegetables)
13 pages, 2410 KiB  
Article
Plant Growth Optimization Using Amber Light Supplemented with Different Blue Light Spectra
by Keli Trumpler, Bo-Sen Wu, Philip Wiredu Addo, Sarah MacPherson and Mark Lefsrud
Horticulturae 2024, 10(10), 1097; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10101097 - 16 Oct 2024
Viewed by 635
Abstract
Blue (400–500 nm) and red (600–700 nm) light regions have been investigated for their effects on photosynthesis and plant growth, yet evidence for specific blue light wavelengths in plant research is lacking. Investigations into amber (595 nm) light are similarly limited. To ‘shed [...] Read more.
Blue (400–500 nm) and red (600–700 nm) light regions have been investigated for their effects on photosynthesis and plant growth, yet evidence for specific blue light wavelengths in plant research is lacking. Investigations into amber (595 nm) light are similarly limited. To ‘shed light’ on these two important wavelengths, this study investigated the combined effects of blue and amber light on plant growth and development in two model plants: tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Beefsteak) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa cv. Breen). Plant growth responses were determined with four light treatments: B+BA (blue + broad amber, 455–602 nm), RB-NA (royal blue + narrow amber, 430–602 nm), RB-BA (royal blue + broad amber, 423–595 nm), and high-pressure sodium at a PPFD of 250 µmol m−2 s−1. After 21 days, the highest fresh and dry mass for both plant species was obtained under the RB-BA light treatment. Shifting the blue wavelength from 430 nm to 455 nm with broad amber lighting led to 40% less fresh mass for tomatoes, whereas only an approximate 5% reduction in fresh mass was observed for lettuce plants. Our findings demonstrate that an alternate and combined blue + amber light spectrum is effective for optimizing plant productivity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue LED Lighting Effects on the Growth and Development of Fruits and Vegetables)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Figure 1
<p>The relative spectral photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of each light experimental treatment. HPS (<b>A</b>): single-ended high-pressure sodium; B + BA (<b>B</b>): blue + broad amber (455–602 nm); RB-NA (<b>C</b>): royal blue + narrow amber (430–602 nm); RB-BA (<b>D</b>): royal blue + broad amber (423–595 nm) light treatment.</p> Full article ">Figure 2
<p>Effect of different light treatments [HPS: single-ended high-pressure sodium, B-BA: blue + broad amber (460–595 nm), RB-BA: royal blue + broad amber (430–595 nm), and RB-NA: royal blue + narrow amber (430–595 nm)] on tomato and lettuce plant growth parameters, including (<b>A</b>) fresh mass (FM) and dry mass (DM) for tomato plants, (<b>B</b>) fresh mass (FM) and dry mass (DM) for lettuce plants, (<b>C</b>) chlorophyll (Chl) content in leaves [SPAD value (Soil Plant Analysis Development)] for tomato plants, and (<b>D</b>) chlorophyll (Chl) content in leaves (SPAD value) for lettuce plants. Data represent the means of three replicates ± standard error (S.E.). Different superscript letters represent significant (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05) differences using Tukey’s post hoc test.</p> Full article ">Figure 3
<p>Total chlorophyll content per leaf area (µmol m<sup>−2</sup>) measured for tomato plants (<b>A</b>), and total chlorophyll content (g of chlorophyll/100 g fresh tissue) measured for lettuce plants (<b>B</b>). Data represent the means of three replicates ± standard error (S.E.). Different superscript letters represent significant (<span class="html-italic">p</span> &lt; 0.05) differences using Tukey’s post hoc test.</p> Full article ">Figure 4
<p>Correlation among light waveband (50 nm intervals) and growth parameters of tomato plants, including fresh mass (FM), dry mass (DM), Chl (SPAD), flower number, stem diameter (SD), and height (H). The number in each cell is the correlation coefficient. Colors reflect changes in the correlation coefficient: red represents the correlation coefficient with high and positive correlation; blue indicates high and negative correlation.</p> Full article ">Figure 5
<p>Correlation among light waveband (50 nm intervals) and growth parameters of lettuce plants, including fresh mass (FM), dry mass (DM), and chl (SPAD). The number in each cell is the correlation coefficient. The colors reflect the changes in the correlation coefficient: red represents the correlation coefficient with high and positive correlation; blue indicates high and negative correlation.</p> Full article ">
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