The air battle sequences were shot using a combination of replica cockpits, life-size replica Hurricane on gimbal, real Hurricane (one of only nine in the world) and visual effects.
RAF Northolt (the home of 303 Squadron) was replicated at White Waltham airport (situated west of London) as Northolt had very few period buildings and no longer had a grass runway.
Filming at the battle of Britain bunker October 2017. A couple of miles from the Polish war memorial at RAF Northolt.
The flashback sequences that are set in Poland were in fact shot in the UK (the producer's wanted to shoot in Poland but were waiting for snow that due to warm winter didn't materialise in time).
As Jan is discussing his first flight with Kent he mentions a few problems he experienced. One was, "throttle working in reverse." In British aircraft the throttle is pushed forward to increase engine speed, for Polish aircraft that Jan and the others flew it was pull back to increase engine speed. In the process of landing, just before the aircraft touches down, the throttle is to be quickly reduced to idle. Problems arise if the pilot forgets that his throttle is "working in reverse" especially with powerful engines as in the Hurricane.