I just saw this 1962 film on Turner Classic Movies and promptly tracked down and ordered a VHS of it. A very realistic film with many characters whose stories start and in most cases are left unresolved in the midst of the fighting. The screenplay was original for the screen, not based on any book, and received a 1963 Oscar nomination in the original screenplay category. There is a 1979 book with the same title, also telling of the uprising, that is NOT the source of this film. According to summaries, the book says that the Naples "street boys" instigated and led the rebellion. Not in this film, however, which focuses on adults and has many wrenching scenes of mothers and children, husbands and wives torn apart. The ensemble cast is passionate and convincing. Unlike the other commenter who said the film is an argument against war, this is really an argument for standing up and fighting against those who would treat you as slaves (which the NAZIs did and which led to the uprising). Great film!