interval

1. Interval
   (Mus) Difference in pitch between any two tones.

1. (n) interval
   A vacant or unobstructed space between points or objects; an intervening vacancy; an open reach or stretch between limits: as, the intervals between the ranks of an army.
2. (n) interval
   Specifically, a low level tract of land, as along a river, between hills, etc. Also intervale.
3. (n) interval
   Any dividing tract in space, time, or degree; an intervening space, period, or state; a separating reach or stretch of any kind: with reference either to the space itself or to the points of separation or division: as, an interval of rocky ground between meadows; to fill up an interval in. conversation with music; an interval of ease or of relapse in disease; a lucid interval in delirium; to set trees at intervals of fifty feet; to breathe only at long intervals; the clock strikes at intervals of an hour.
4. (n) interval
   Specifically, in entomology, one of the spaces between longitudinal striæ of the elytra. When the striæ are regular, both they and the intervals are numbered from the suture outward.
5. (n) interval
   In music, the difference or distance in pitch between two tones. If the tones are sounded simultaneously, the interval is harmonic; if successively, melodic. An interval is acoustically described by the ratio between the vibration-numbers of the two tones: thus, an octave is represented by the ratio 2:1; a fifth, by the ratio 3:2, etc. Musically the intervals between the key-note of a major scale and its several tones are regarded as the standards with which all possible intervals are compared and from which they are named. The standard intervals are as follows: do to do (C to C, F to F, etc.) is called a first, prime, or unison; do to re (C to D, F to G, etc.), a second; do to mi (C to E, F to A, etc.), a third; do to fa (C to F, F to B♭, etc.), a. fourth; do to do′ (C to C′ , F to F′ , etc.), an eighth or octave, etc. These intervals are usually further designated thus: standard firsts, fourths, fifths, and octaves are perfect; standard seconds, thirds, sixths, sevenths, ninths, etc., are major. If an interval is a half-step longer than the corresponding standard interval, it is called augmented (or sharp, superfluous, extreme, redundant): thus, do to fi (C to F♮, F to B♮, etc.) is an augmented fourth; do to li (C to A♮, F to D♮, etc.) is an augmented sixth. If an interval is a half-step shorter than the corresponding major interval, it is called minor (or flat): thus, do to me (C to E♭, F to A♭, etc.) is a minor third, etc. If an interval is a half-step shorter than the corresponding perfect or minor interval, it is called diminished: thus, do to sol♭ (C to G♭, F to C♭, etc.) is a diminished fifth (also called imperfect); di to le (C♮ to A♭, F♮ to D♭, etc.) is a diminished sixth, etc. (This nomenclature is obviously inconsistent, and another is also in use. according to which all standard intervals are called major, all a half-step longer than the corresponding major intervals are called augmented, all a half-step shorter than the corresponding major are called minor, and all a half-step shorter than the corresponding minor are called diminished.) A given interval is measured and named by comparison with a major scale based on the lower tone of the interval. Intervals not greater than an octave are called simple; those greater than an octave, compound compound intervals being reducible to simple ones by subtracting one or more octaves. When the upper tone of a simple interval is transposed an octave downward or its lower tone an octave upward, the interval is said to be inverted: inverted firsts become octaves, seconds become sevenths, thirds become sixths, etc.; and perfect intervals remain perfect, major intervals become minor, minor intervals become major, augmented intervals become diminished, and diminished intervals become augmented. Intervals are consonant or dissonant: the perfect consonances are standard firsts, fourths, fifths, and octaves; the imperfect consonances are major or minor thirds and sixths; and the dissonances are major or minor seconds and sevenths, with all augmented and diminished intervals. The acoustical values of the more important recognized intervals are as follows:
6. (n) interval
   The values given in the first column are those of the ideal intervals, such as are secured by using pure intonation; those given in the second column are those of equally tempered intonation, such as is used on keyed instruments, like the pianoforte and the organ. (See intonation and temperament.) A diatonic, interval is one that occurs between two tones of a normal major or minor scale. A chromatic interval is one that occurs between a tone of such a scale and a tone foreign to that scale. An enharmonic interval is one on an instrument of fixed intonation, that is apparent only in the notation, being in fact a unison, as, on the pianoforte, the interval from F♮ to G♭. In musical science the theory of intervals is introductory to that of chords and to harmony in general.
7. (n) interval
   In logic, a proposition.
8. (n) interval
   During or between intervals; between whiles or by turns; occasionally or alternately: as, to rest at intervals.

1. (n) Interval
   in′tėr-val time or space between: any dividing tract in space or time:
2. (n) Interval
   in′tėr-val (mus.) the difference of pitch between any two musical tones

separation musical interval time interval

amount distance measure musical notation quantity set

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